Evening Star Newspaper, August 17, 1930, Page 24

STHE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. Cs BUNDAY.......August 17, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening nfi.fi-mmm Company 14 Regent St.. London. Ensland. Rate by Carrier Within the City. vening Sta: 45¢ rer month idepibiy n; Erehing and Sinday $iar W) s 60c per month - 5 St 5¢ per month r o 5c per copy Collection made at the end of ~ach mont! gmu. may s- sent {n by mall or .elephone fAtional 5000. Rate by Mail-—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. {ly and Sund Bl S All Other fly and Sus iy on'y - Ay onus Member of the Associated Press. | ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitied to lgfl use for republication of all news Cis- | ralt es credit ; . #5¢ £6.00: 1 mo.. 80¢ | s and Cana 12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 | $8:00: 1mo. 75¢ $5.00: 1 mo.. 50c | States day. 1 ¥ 1y ¥ ed to it Or Lot otherwise cred- in this paper and also ‘he iocal 1ews ublished herein. Al rights of publication of ial dispatches herein are also reserved. Census and Tax Statistics. The exhaustive report on fiscal rela- tions made in 1929 by the Bureau of | Efficiency dealt largely with compara- tive per capita tax burdens, and these were based on the estimated populations | ©of Washington and the fourteen other | cities studied. Final census reports of | the 1930 populations have, of course, | rendered the former estimates of no | cutrent value. Washington's population, for instance, was estimated at 525,000, while the real figure turned out to be 486.860. The same differences between estimated and actual population figures apply, in more or less degree, elsewhere. Nine of the cities studied had a smaller population than estimated, and six of them exceeded the estimates by actual count. It is to be presumed that the Bureau of Efficiency will recast its tables on the basis of late and actual findings. This must be done if the bureau is atked to submit new data | comparable ‘o the findings it reached | in 1929. i Washing.on, St. Louis, Cleveland, Baltimore, Boston, Pittsburgh, Indian- .apolis, Rochester and Jersey City showed decreases in population under the es- timates. The greatest decrease was in Cleveland, the difference between es- timated and actual population being 110,000. Washington came next, with 1 run on the Detrolt River on Labor day, but with the speed that her boat has made in trisls on a Canadian lake it is not at all unlikely that she may 'carry the famous cup overseas with her when she returns to England. | Wood's highest mark in his various | Miss Americas, which whine through | the water like spouting demons, is a | little more than ninety-three miles an hour. Yesterday Miss Carstairs pushed | her Estelle V to a new record of ninety- four and one-half miles an hour, and in | doing so not only piloted a boat faster | than any other woman has done be- fore, but established a new high speed [ for the North American Continent and % | the second highest speed ever reached in water ecraft. ‘With Miss Carstairs’ boat showing up so well and with Wood now construct- ing a new Miss America especially for the race, it should be a thrilling sight + 84.00: 1mo.. 402 | thap will entertain the many thousands | | of spectators on Labor day. There will be a good deal of sentiment about it, too. The Englishwoman is “carrying on” not only for her country and her- seif, but for her late co-worker for the water championship, Maj. Sir Henry Segrave, who, if he had lived, would have brought his Miss Fngland II to America, the craft in v..";: he reached the world's greatest speed of nearly ninety-nine miles an hour in trials on Lake Windermere. It will assuredly be an event of world-wide interest. ———— Modern Construction Marvels. All bullding works are now much speedier in this country than two or three decades ago. Jobs that once re- quired three or four years are com- pleled in half the tim:. One-year jobs | of the first part of the century are topped off and turned over to occu- pants in six months. In every branch of the bullding art time-saving ma- chines and processes have been de- veloped. Foundations are dug, even in the most difficult materials, in far less time than in earlier days, thanks to faster boring and excavating devices, to improved pile drivers and to the faster and more efficient methods of mixing and laying concrete. Through co-ordination of material manufacture and delivery and the erection work on the site every possible working hour is | utilized. Subcontracts are interwoven, as it were, to cause the entire work to advance as a unit. Interior finishers are engaged on lower floors, in some cases, while the steel on the higher levels is still being set. The great Government building pro- gram in Washington is affording an opportunity to observe the efficiency of a difference of 39,000. Buffalo, Mil- | waukee, Minneapolis, New Orleans and | Cincinnati all showed increases over the estimates varying from 6,000 in the case ' of Minneapolis to 35,000 in the case of Cincinnati. Decreases in the ‘population figures tend to ir crease the per capita figures, while inc-sases in the population fig- ures have che opposite effect. Washing.on's tax levy per capita for real and personal property, for in- stance, was estimated by the bureau as' $44.35—not including the United States as .« property holder or tax- payer. Tih bureau estimated the population 4s 525000 The actual Population count, however, increases the per capita to $47.82. The bureau’s | tax. levy per capita, counting the United States as & property holder and taxpayer, was estimated at $58.63. But actual population figures increase this to $63.17. After dedu:ting State taxes and per | capita interest and sinking fund pay- ments from the total per capita tax payments of sther cities, the Bureau of | Efficiency figires showed Washington'’s per capita, when not including the United States as a property holder or taxpayer, to be less than the compa- Table figures for Cleveland, Boston, Pittsburgh, Ruffalo, Milwaukee, New- ark, Cincinnati, Rochester and Jersey City, and greater than those for St. Louis, Baltimore, Minneapolis, New Or- leans and Indianapolis. Counting the United States as a property holder and taxpayer, Washington's per capita was greater than that of any other eity ex- cept Boston. Of those cities Whose balanced per capitas were less than Washington, ac- tual population figures will tend to in- crease the per capitas of St. Louls, Baltimore and Indianapolis and de- crease the per capitas of Minneapolis and New Orleans. Of those whose per capitas were higher than Washington, population counts will tend to increase the per capitas of Cleveland, Boston, Pittsburgh, Rochester and Jersey City, | but would decrease those of Buffalo, | Milwaukee, Newark and Cincinnati. Population estimates, however, are not the only figures that are now out | of date. Washington's real estate and | personal property assessment for 1928, 83 used by the burenu, was $1,719,654,- 710 and from this the bureau com- puted a per capita assessment of $2,129, _The 1930 assessment, however, is $1,- 855,901,002 and the actual population for 1930 raises the per capita assess- ment to $3880. The 1928 real and personal tax levy of $23.284,687 com- pares with the 1930 levy of $26,999,739 and the bureau's tax levy per capita of $44.35 for 1928 is raised to $55.55 for 1930. The District’s population in 1920 was 437,571 and increased 11.3 per cent in 1930. The real and personal tax levy per capita in 1920 was 21.71 and has increased more than 255 per cent in 1930, | These increases, denoting a continued plling up of the burden on real estate, and out of all preportion to the increase in the District’s taxable population, ghould be as carefully noted by the bureau, in making its new comparisons of per capitas, as any of the factors to be considered in the new studies. Bonds that are called high grade by those qualified to judge usually make it in the long run, ] Miss Carstairs’ Record. A new record was set Thursday for this side of the Atlartic in speed over the water, and it probably gives no somfort to the well known Gar Wood of Detroit, who is at, present the holder of the Harmsworth Trophy and the acknowledged king of American marine speedsters. The new record was set by Marian Carstairs, the plucky English- woman who has made repeated at- tempts to gain the coveted trophy present-day construct/on processes. ‘There have been provocing delays, it is true, caused by the encountering of unforeseen difficulties in the ground, and in a few instances by labor trou- bles on the job. But in the main the structures thus far started and brought to their present state of completion have “marched,” as the French say, in steady pace. Sometimes an appearance of idleness on some of these works has been wholly deceptive. As, for instance, recently at the great new home for the Department of Commerce the outer walls, still incomplete, seemed to be deserted, the work at a standstill. Yet on that same day no less than thirtcen hundred men were engaged at various Jjobs inside. A case of seeming stagnation in & great public work has just been dis- closed as an illusion, in New York. The new Hudson River Bridge, which is to cross the river with & suspension span, & work of unprecedented magnitude, has for ten months been apparently at a standstill. The vast towers had been some time completed and strung together by “cat-walks,” and then to the eye of the observer the work ap- peared to lag. No activity was evident from the ground or the river, as the days, weeks and months passed. As a matter of fact the most vital work of all the undertaking was in constant progress for the entire period. The other day the completion of this phase of the job was celebrated. This essential and necessarily slow procedure consisted in the stringing of the wires making up the four heavy | cables upon which the bridge structure will be suspended. On Thursday the last of the 105,896 wires making up the four cables was spun across the river. For ten months little electric carriers have been traveling to and fro, each trailing & metal flament. There were 110,000 miles of wire in this fabric, weighing 28,450 tons, and on all but 27 of the 292 days, when the weather forbade, were engaged in it, and all came the spinning continued and the varia- tions of the temperature added to the difficulties. _The other day when the hermometer recorded 110 degrees in the sun the cables were three feet, four inches longer than they were last Feb- ruary with the thermometer at zero. All this work was virtually unseen to the public. Few knew that it was in progress and doubtless many looking at the seemingly stagnant job fussed over the slowness of public construction and wondered whether the bridge would ever be finished in their lifetime. Now that the cables are spun the more spec- tacular phases of the work will begin and the bridge, it is expected, will be open to the public in eighteen months, making & record for size and speed in this form of construction. 7o —_ R And the radio has done one other thing—you do not hear so many com- plaints from sufferers from that dread disease, needle-changer's finger. An Amazing Phenomenon. For the enlightenment of a younger the work progressed. Four hundred men | through in safety. Winter and Summel'] Trlk SUNDAY | take his rain or to leave it wione, and i excess either way causes an immense amount of trouble and actual harm. | Extremists, for instance, have gone so far in one direction that the iack of rain has been making first page news for a good long time, and a lot of peo- ple have learned for the first time that it is used for other things than making mud.. On the other hand, rain can be overdone and the children should be told to read the sixth, seventh and |£ighth chapters of Genesis-as a warn- ing against overindulgence, Used moderately, rain & good for crops and lawns, water works, keeping down the price of canned goods, politi- cal parties, telling Whether people have sense enough to come in out of 1t, and, in addition. it affords opportunity to say, “It 15 a fine day for ducks” or “Is it wet enough for you?” [PVt Believing in Signs. | Baltimore's Mayor Broening has just | erected a big sign to pep up the visitors {to that fair city as they leave the W AdnmiawlUN, STAR, A FATHER’ D. C, AUGUST 17, RESPONSIBILITY BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bis Tert: “A certain man had two sons.”—St. Luke, zv.11. Of all the problems that engage our interest, the domestic problem is the greatest. A man may be a master in his profession, a captain of industry, or even a prophet of the church, and yet signally fail in ordering to his own satisfaction the concerns of his house- hold. In the greatest story that the Master ever told, this weighty problem is set forth. It is the story that on the one hand illustrates the extent of divine love and forgiveness, and on the other hand suggests the problem that is com- 'mon to almost every household, namely, | that of dealing with different tempera- ments. It strongly illustrates the diffi- culties involved in dealing with the capricious whims and fancies of youth. Quite apart from its high purpose to portray the divine Father's love, it fur- nishes a striking picture of that which lies closest to the hearthstone of every home. Like many of the parables that Jesus used to set forth a great truth, it Pennsylvania Rallroad Station. It says—“An Old City with & Young | Stride—Baltimore Bids You Welcome. | Make Yourself at Home Among Us— | William F. Broening, Mayor.” | The sign is placed conspicuously | among others advertising the merits of { cigarettes, automoblles, tires and the { various things that make this world a is so simple and timely that it has uni- versal application and comes within the compass of every age and people. Much has been said and written, and with large propriety, about the mother's influence in maintaining the high moral standards of the family. It would some- times seem to appear that this whole weighty obligation devolved upon her. We think of the father as the bread- winner, the provider, and too infre- | happier place to live in. But leaving aside the curse of signboards in general, | one wonders' what particular effect on ithe reader is desired by those who | write such signs as that which embel- - | lish the city's gateway in Baltimore. If { their purpose is to make the stranger ! feel comfortably at home and to abol- ish from his mind any fear that hos- pitality, in Baltimore, is lacking, why not apply the same psychology and likewise decorate the portals of private residences? ‘There are so many nice things that might be sald. “Here Live the Joneses—The Little Family with the Big Hearts. Come on In and Deco- rate One of Our Chairs.” “This Is the Smith House. Never Too Busy to Wel- come & Friend. Don't Bother to Ring. Walk in and Yell” or, paraphrasing Baltimore's enticing words—“An Old Family with Young Ways—The Browns Bid You Welcome. Make Yourself at Home Among Us, but Please Don't Sit Too Hard on the Little Chair in the Corner—Pa and Ma." Great Britain's former minister of reconstruction up at Willlamstown pre- dicts another World War in 1935, or at latest by 1940. That is not nearly time enough; they were forty years getting ready for the last one and it was rather a failure. . o o Disease transfer through books is not great, according to a former New York City medical officer who has made careful investigation of the subject. Symptom transfer, however, is first class; have you read a patent medicine circular lately? —e—a— An “omnibus college,” & caravan of busses loaded with students and two motored cafeterias, is touring the Mid- west and New England. It must be awful to be a freshman and have to get out and push. S A week's notice of intent to wed to curb hasty marrlages is proposed out in | Chicago. When a lot of them do not stay married even that long, such an idea is not half bad.. r——— The West Side of Chicago was ter- rorized recently by an apparently crazed gunman who shot at pedestrians from & speeding automobile. Probably not crazy at all—just practicing. ———— It is difficult to determine which are most concerned with new links—the | ever-growing army of golfers or the | chain stores. R SHOOTING BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Joy of the Almost. Ere long the tourist will return, From mountain or from sea, And bid you listen well and learn How great a man is he, Of fish there is no cause to doubt, He caught a varied lot— | But those he likes to talk about Are those he nearly got. STARS. Though men our gratitude may claim | For duty simply done, They crave a different kind of fame From that which they have won. True merit oft is hid— The things that interest them most Are those they nearly did. His Idea. “What is your idea of a reformer?” “A reformer,” answered Senator Sorghum, “is, in my opinion, & man who stands out in the road and makes a terrific fuss in the hope that a ma- chine will come along and give him a | life.” | Progress. | “How are you coming on with your | | new system of weather prediction?” | | “Well,” answered the prophet cheer- fly, “I can always get the kind of weather all right, but I haven't quite succeeded in hitting the dates exactly.” Plaint of the Blase. I, as they say, the world is round, | 1 really cannot see | Why all of it that T have found Should seem 5o fiat to me. Odious Comparison. “You haven't the aristocracy that generation, it may be explained that the drops of water that fell from a dark sky at Intervals during Thursday and that night is commonly called “rain.” This interesting phenomenon is caused by & number of things, such as washing and polishing an automobile, planning & picnie, hanging clothes out to dry, leaving the windows in the house open while visiting relatives in the country or calling a conference of Governors to fight the drought. Occasionally, how- ever, these accepted methods fail and one must leave the whole thing to the Weather Bureau, and sometimes the Weather Bureau falls down on the job completely and whistles for rain in vain. It is to be trusted that careful parents Thursday took advantage of the rars spectacle to enlighten which is emblematic of the water their children | on the meaning of rain and to point | distinguishes society abroad,” said the critical foreigner. “No,” answered Mrs. Cumrox, “we may not be as aristocratic as you folks, but some of us can act & heap haugh- | tier.” His Idea of Consideration. “Is Bliggins a considerate man?” “Not exactly. He is one of those ! people who think it is all right to tramp on your feet as often as they choose, provided they say ‘Excuse me! every time.” A Hope. They say mosquitoes carry germs, So let's take cheer, my brother, And hope that, on unfriendly terms, They yet may bite each other, | And when they pause awhile to boast, ‘ah quently we think of him as a contribu- tor to the moral tone and excellence of his. household. To regard him merely s a breadwinner, the conserver of the material and physical needs of his household, is to as-ign to him a stand- ard of service that is unworthy of him. He may fulfill this important end most | effectively and yet however well done, f it be the only end he serves, it may result in dissatisfaction and bitter dis- appointment. Too much emphasis is placed upon this aspect of the father's obligation, Again, it is unchivalrous to assume that the weight of responsibility for the moral and spiritual development of children rests upon the mother. To provide for a household, to see that chil- dren are well educated, well equipped physically and mentally, is a small if g:]t;:fllry part of the father's responsi- y. While mental development and all hop of Washington. that contributes to refinement and cul- ture have their distinct place, it is demonstrably true that they do not nec- essarily contribute to the high things of character. We do not have to search far in our memories for instances to il- lustrate this We have known instance after instance where the most meticu- lous care has becn given to these mat- ters, the issue of which has been mis- carriage, failure and moral dereliction. Huxley once said that “the first requisite of success is that a man shall be a fine animal.” This cbviously is true, but to be only a fine animal may mean an un- regulated and undisciplined life. We like better that other maxim, “Self- knowledge, self-reverence, self-control, these three alone lead men to sovereign power.” Our contention is that the highest and holiest obligation laid upon the father of the household is that which has to do with the moral and spiritual well-being and development of his children. No matter how he may succeed in other things, failing in this, his service for his children, may result in_disillusionment and dissatisfaction. ‘When the late Studdert Kennedy, the great English preacher, was serving as a chaplain in France he wrote to his wife concerning the education and training of his son. The precepts he laid down have incalculable value. They cover the whole range of a boy's life. Here are a few fragments from this re- markable letter: “Encourage him to play games and always to play the game. “Teach him to despise cowardice and never to be afraid of anything or any one save God. “Teach him to love and reverence women. Teach him that the man who deceives a woman is a scoundrel, and that he must try to live straight. “Most important, teach him to love Jesus Christ as the pattern God-man. “Guard him from vulgarity and snob- bishness, and never let him speak con- temptuously of any one or anything ex- cept a coward. “Kiss him for me and give him my blessing, and when he is old enough tell him my life story as you would tell it, knowing that I tried hard-most of the time to do right, and when I sinned I was sorry in my heart, as I am now.” Here was a father who realized his primary responsibility. BY WILLIAM HARD. Old Man Rum seems to be swaying back toward a bit more of power in the next, Congress, but he does not seem to be doing it in any blind rush. That is the view entertained here by the most accomplished participants in the management of both political partics as contemplate at th's week end the results of the primary elections which have now been held in 25 States. ‘The Republican party, if it was domi- nantly bone dry before, is at least sand dry still. Out of the total of 17 gen- tlemen nominated for the Senate by that party in the primaries of 16 States, there are only 2, Albert John Galen of Montana and Dwight Whitney Morrow of New Jersey, who can be truly polit- ically classified as “wets.” This out- come is regarded by Hooveritic Repub- licans—perhaps without any too much reason—as & sort of party victory over John J. Raskob, supporter of the Na- tional Association Against the Prohibi- tion Amendment and chairman of the National Committee of the Democrafs. * ok % % In the meantime the Democrats have been. somewhat more prolific of wet senatorial candidates than the Repub- licans. They have produced in this category Mr. Alexander Simpson of New Jersey, Mr. Sedgwick Kestler of Pennsylvania, Mr. Robert J. Bulkley of Ohio, Mr. James Hamilton Lewis of Illinois, Mr. Gilbert Hitchcock of Ne- braska and Mr. Thomas P. Gore of Oklahoma, who all have been already nominated to carry the Democratic banner in eontests for seats in the Sen- ate against Republicans next Fall. At the same time, however, t1e Demc- crats have already nominated 16 other senatorial standard-bearers who are either wholly personally in favor of dryness or who else, like many of their Republican rivals, can be regarded as unwilling prohibition drought sufferers beyond the aid of any polits relief to the contrary, so far as their prospec- tive behavior in the Senate on roll calls is concerned. * ERE These showings among the candidates of both rties so far nominated to seats in Senate do not indicate to neutral professional eyes here any large amount of strong successful knocking t the doors of the Senate by the wets. It is pointed out, nevertheless, by the watchful traders in political futures in both party pits that almost ail sitting Senators are getting renominated ap- parently through automatic momentum and irrespective of their views on any subject, whether having to do with the tariff or farm relief or the trafic in alcoholic beverages or anything else; and it is urged by such specialists in political forecasting that this habitual preference of party voters for the old Wwheel-horses of their party chariots tends to obscure the possible appear- ance above the horizon of a lot of threatening wet weather. They sus- pect, in other words, that in some States e voters are wetter than the candi- ates, but that they vote for the can- didates and renominate them through being unable to shake off the spell of their established names and fames, * k% % In the nominations for seats in the House of Representatives, this same pop- ular lbc!rl.lnfle of famous—or, at any rate, familiar—personalties is operating strongly in favor of the dry forces. Nine out of ten of the sitting Democrats in the House are getting renominated. So are nine out of ten of the sitting Re- publicans—and more. party in the primaries to date, in spite of all tumults and alarms in criticlsm of present performance and in favor of novelty and revolution, is showing a placid satisfaction with its Representa- tives in the House. Charged in some cases with being privately rollicking wets, these Representatives are at any rate emphatically overwhelmingly roll- call drys. That is the only vital point politically; and it can be absolutely ac- curately foreseen, right here and now, that the popularity of the renomination habit s on its way to striking a deadly blow in the November elections at any revived popularity, whatever it may be, of the legally recognized liquor traffc. * % ox % The only genuinely substantial hope of the wets is in the possible success of certain fairly numerous Democratic candidates for the House, who have been nominated in the industrial wet Northeast in the hope of capturing seats in the House now occupied by dry Republicans. These dry Republicans, long committed to dryness, are in cer- tain cases representing districts which it 1s thought have been subterraneanly swept by a flood of wet sentiment. Some of these districts have voted wet on referendums, while still voting dry on Representatives. The wet political problem in such districts is to per: voters—as a wet has phrased it—to stop voting their personal® affections vote their high public convictions. * k x % ‘This Fall the process of the change thus advocated may be aided by North- eastern discontent with hard times and unemployment. Quite a few wet Democratic candidates may triumph over their dry Republican rivals through a combination of the influences of business depression hardships and of prohibition enforcement scandals. The “Sometimes de man dat’s workin’ de championship of the world. This year, out some of its characteristics. The hardest ir dis world,” said Uncle Eben, she has announced, will be her last in children. should have heen told that “is de one dat los’ toq much time tryin’ pHouse roll calls on prohibition qu..l mm«muw*&:uwu every good citizen should be able to mpkxout“m'bhl" wel, political surveyors are thereupon endeavoring to estimate the gains which they might thus achieve on Congress Elections Are Unlikely to Affect the Line-Up on Prohibition The only method they can follow is that of guessing at the possible total number of Democratic successes next Fall in contests for House seats now Republicanly held. If the number of such successes throughout the country is 60 the Democrats will control & ma- jority in the House in its next session and will be for the most part abun- dantly satisfied. Many of these 60 suc- cesses, however, would be in the South and in the border States and in the West, where the Democratic opponents of the sitting dry Republicans are themselves generally dry. The wet gains derived from Democratic victories over sitting dry Republicans would have to be principally in the Northeast, with only scattered possible additions from wet spots in the Western regions. The utmost realistic calculation of such wet gains by wet enthusiasts here, in case the total of Democratic new successes in the acquiring of present Republican seats come to 60, is along about 30. o On the last test roll call in the House the wets were able to muster 61 votes out of a total House membership of 435. Some acute, prohibition lobbyists here admit that perhaps 30 other votes would go wet in the House if their owners were even slightly encouraged by their con- stituents, With 30 new wet members produced by Democratic new successes next Fall the total wet vote in the House might come to approximately 121, It is thereupon an immediately ad- mitted fact here that the career of the : wets In the next Congress will be one not so much of legislation as of more agitation. (Copyright, 1930.) ———— e Effect of Droug.ht On Cattle Industry BY HARDEN COLFAX. Prices of live stock are likely to re- main low for a very extended period, after which it is highly probable that they will advance sharply. It is doubt- ful if consumers will pay any less for the meat they buy in the immediate future than they have been paying in the recent past. Live stock growers and feeders face a fairly discouraging period, unless they are able to hold their stock off the market for some time to come, while the packers in the immediate fu- ture have an excellent opportunity for fair profits. The drought, which broke all rec- ords this year, is the factor which will tend to bring about the conditions noted above. The ranges still are dried up, the corn crop has been badly dam- aged and forage crops have been sharply reduced. * ok ok % It is feared by members of the Farm Board and by the Department of Ag- riculture that these conditions will force many stock raisers to send their animals to market in the immediate future, That would mean a glutting of the markets throughout the country for a considerable period and a con- tinuation of extremely low prices for the animals. Rallroad men in various sections of the country, who are closely in touch with shipments of dairy products, as- sert that many dairy farmers will be compelled to cut down their herds. In some sections of the West there is a shortage of water for the stock, as well as a shortage of food. Farmers are making every effort to hold on to their stock until this crisis is past. ‘Whether they will be able to do so de- pends a great deal on their individual financial pcsmgn.‘ Corn is high and not likely to be lower. The hay crop has been almost entirely destroyed. In some sections e last alfalfa crop has been allowed to go to seed. Railroad men in the Middle West and Intermountain West declare the only hope of the live stock raiser is to buy beet pulp or oil cake to suppkrbmzm what food exists for their stocl The number of dairy cattle in the country at present is high. There are probably 25,000,000 cows rated in the dairy class. The cattle herds have been gradually built up and the ecalf crop has been heavy. The pig crop this Fall promises to be fairly large, and the lamb crop of 1930 was probably the largest in the history of the in- dustry. All of these factors tend to- ward low prices for the immediate future. * koK K On the other hand, when the tide does turn, high prices would seem to be inevitable, because herds will be cut down to low proportions, marketings will be small and supply not above demand. But while the farmer will get more for his stock in the future, in all probability he will have to replace the animals which he has had to sell at low prices at the present time. This will cut sharply into his profits. The packers, however, are in a fa- vored situation. They must, of course, take in, day by day, the offerings that are made in the open markets through- out the country, but they are taking these animals at comparatively low prices. New methods of refrigeration wiil enable them to keep stocks of meat for extended periods without deteriora- % are in a position to make splendid 1930—PART _TWO. Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. There were 14,750 bills and resolutions, or legislative proposals, introduced in the - National House of Representatives during the first session of the present Congress, which closed down the legis- lative mill “the -night befcre the Fourth.” This is nearly 1,000 more than in the first session of the previous Congress and nearly 5,000 more than in the first session of the Sixty-seventh Congress. ‘This startling increase in the volume and variety of proposals for legislation is disclosed in the “History of Legisla- tion” just compiled under direction of William Tyler Page, clerk of the House, by Eugene F. Sharkoff, the tally clerk. Of this number 624 public laws were approved, 3 of which were passed over the presidential veto, and 67 pub- lic resolutions were approved. There were 302 private laws and resolutions also. approved, making a total of 993 public Illdn})rivlu laws and resolutions passed out of the 14,750 proposals, How- ever 5 of these were what are known as omnibus pension bills, which enacted into law 3,629 Pri“w bills, making & total of 4,617 bills which became laws. There are 262 bills which were favor- ably acted upon by vartous committees pending on the House calendars await- ing action in the coming session, i, * koK % th the Arlington House, in Ar- lington National Cemef formerly the home of Gen. Robert E. Lee, com- mander in chief of the Confederate forces in the War Between the States, restored and to be preserved with loving care by the Nation, it 1s interesting to note that the legislation authorizing this restoration was introduced and worked through Congress by Repre- sentative Louis C. Cramton of Michigan, son of a Union veteran. Representative Cramton's father is George W. Cramton, now 89 years of age, a resident of Lapeer, Mich. He served four years as a Union soldier in the 1st Michigan Cavalry. Much of his service was under Custer. He was ad- vanced from private to corporal. Con- siderable of his service was in Mary- d and Virginia, and included the battle of Gettysburg. Corpl. Cramton always had a great admiration for Gen. Lee, commander of the opposing forces. It was that admiration expressed in his home that gave the adolescent son a broad point of view regarding the military genius of the “lost cause,” which prompted him several years ago to introduce the resolution for restoration of Arlington House and as a member of the Appro- priations Committee to see that funds were provided for the work. After the resolution became a law | and was the subject of severe criticism | by some Union veterans, Representa- tive Cramton consulted with his father. That old Union soldier said: “I've always regarded Gen. Lee as a great American. More than that, I thought him the greatest general on either side in the Civil War.” * ok ok X The importance into which recrea- tion has come as a factor in our daily national and international life will be visually emphasized at the First An- nual National Recreation Exposition to be held in Springfield, Mass., next June, under the auspices of the Eastern States Exposition. Of course, New England being known as the “Summer vacation paradise,” with its long shore line of well known beaches, its Cape Cod, its Newport and Narragansett and Nantasket, its White Mountains and its famous Maine lakes and rivers that make a fisherman’s happy hunting ground, has a special interest in acquainting the rest of the country with its particular Summer- time attractions. But the preparations being made by foreign governments with embassies and legations here, and the exhibits being repared by practically countless inches of the Federal government and by the greatest trade and business organizations which have national headquarters here, are little less than amazing. The United States Department of Agriculture’s exhibits will include some from the Bureaus of Agricultural Eco- nomics, Animal Industry, Plant Indus- tsrg. Biological Survey, Chemistry of ils, Entomology, Home Economics, Public Roads, Forest Service, Weather Bureau, office of co-operative extension work. office of exhibits, office of in- formation and office of motion pic- tures. The United States Department of Commerce will be represented by ex- hibitions from the Bureau of Fisheries, which operates its first and most im- portant research and propagation sta- tion at Woods Hole, Mass.; the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, the Light House, Coast Guard and other services. The United States Department of the Interior will have displays prepared by the Bureau of Education, National P;:-n Service, Geological Survey and others. The Children’s Bureau of the Wom- en's Bureau of the United States De- partment of Labor will have important exhibits of vital interest, espec! in strinl are with crowded housing cond jons. One of the exhibits which is expected to be of most interest and value is bein; prepared by the Public Health Service of the Treasury Department. In addition to the Government ex- hibits, the following large national as- sociations which take a ticular in- terest in recreational activities will be represented: American Automobile Association, American Forest Association, American Home Economics Association, American Home Makers, Garden Clubs of Americas American Nature Association, American Red Cross, American Remount Associa- tion, American Tree Assoclation, Better Homes in America, Chamber of Com- merce of the United States, Horse Asso- ciation of America, National Education Association, Playground and Recreation Association of America, United States Flag Association and others too numer- ous to mention here. It will be & great demonstration of the appeal of the out-of-doors, the winding trail, life in the open, recrea- tion of mind and body, love of nature, the lure of sky and water, mountains and scenery—all that takes us away from the workaday world and renews our youth for the battle of life and shows us how to keep well and “fit.” vt Whistle Annoys Motorists. Prom the Harrisburg, Pa.. Patriot. New York police have been instruct- ed to be more quiet in the performance of their duties. There are times, no doubt, when people would like to have them keep absolutely still. —— With a Tin Hat. the Terre Haute Star. e President is sending a former Secretary of Agriculture to be Amer- ican Minister to Egypt, although it wight have been better to select a good war correspondent. ] Backing Radio Wavee. From the St. Louls Post-Dispatch. St. Louis is backing radio waves against crime waves. ample funds are available. When th pressure on the markets is relieved and prices up, these accumulated stocks probably can be marketed very profit- ably. * % % Among the growers, the dairy far- mers seem to be in the best position. ‘The demand for milk is constant, and if the dairy herds are reduced prices are likely to be strong. The lack of milk, however, comes not so much from lack of cows as from the fact that most dairy products are being marketed in the form of butterfat. e growers and feeders who can hang on to their cattle until the turn of the market ' (Copyrisht, 18300 Census Reveals Unusual Changes BY FREDERIC Ten years have brought as many | vicissitudes to cities and towns of the | United States as they have to Indlvld-;be uals, according to the last census, near- | ing completion. In that decade riches| have come to some which were lowly, | while evil days and attenuation have | fallen upon others. | It has been an eventful decade in the | United States: indeed in the entire world. Following the World War there was a Testlessness upon the people and & spirit of adventure left over from the conflict which had taken so many upon their last one. Old ties, old conserva- tisms were cast aside. The war plunged people into unaccustomed employment: when the tension was released and the discipline of a military regimen over and done with, the fmpulse to take| fresh chances was strong in the sur-| vivors. Never was there such an age of new promotions. Money was abundant in this country and the people, as never before, had acquired the habit of spend- ing it. The high wage level which the war had brought did not sag and the need to invest surplus earnings in Lib- erty bonds was passed. Not only did people travel by rail and water as never before, but the automo- bile was added by the millions and at prices so low that soon every family in the country owned one. Federal and Jocal governments spent billions to build roads over which the travelers could ride. The whole Nation was bub- bling with movement. The address of | millions of Americans was a forwarding address. People who had lived in the North all their lives but wanted to go Soutb did s0. People in the South who long had been lured by the Northern cities were able, for the first time, to succumb that fallure. There was sufficient spirit of adventure and. moveover, sufficient money and facilities with which to fol- low that spirit's dictates, to transport whole cities and set them down in new places, to move entire industries from one section of the country to another. Individuals, towns, industries moved where fortune beckoned. ‘The effect of this decade on the dis- tribution of American population is now being shown officially by the census re- turns. It takes a long time to calculate such movements as that of the center of population, of the rural population to the cities, of the Negroes Northward, of the increase of the Oriental and the foreign-born or second-generation foi eign blooded, but preliminary indica- tions are that deep-seated changes will be noted. More striking, however, has been the change in the cities and towns. ‘Widespread Real Estate Boom. As every one knows the decade was) one of long-lasting boom in real estate. Building construction had necessarily slackened during the war; indeed, in a degree, being officially restrained to es- sential activities. When the end came a shortage in housing made itself felt. There was plenty of money with which to build and plenty of workers available. Nothing could stop the movement. But what an opportunity for real estate boomers! People, notoriously Americans, are restless in a new country like this. The old homestead has its attractions, but a new house, & new location, looks invit- ing, especially to the young. It was & magnificant opportunity to induce new homeseekers to build in this suburb or that; even to go to distant places, to Florida, to California, anywhere. So it was that the last decade might well be called the real estate develop- ment_age. Not all the sudden growth was due to purely residential booming; J. HASKIN. indeed, all of it, except for some mil- lionaires’ suburban developments, had to based on some industrial growth forming a background of employment for the people. From whatever cause, new localities sprang up in unexpected places and fortunes were made over- night in land speculation. Florida is the prime example. Florida did not acquire a new climate in the last decade. She grew no more palm trees nor was the sunshine any brighter than in the previous century. Florida per se was not responsible for the boom: it was the adventurous spirit of the decade. Yet the State gained 514 per cent in population in 10 yeers. This is phenomenal for a booming town, but for an entire State to show such a gain is fantastic. Her wgulltlon went from 968,470 in 1920 to 1.465.969 in 1930. Many Boom Towns. The boom towns largely were re- sponsible. ‘Take Miami. It had a population of 29,271 in 1920; today it has 110,514, In 1920 West Palm Beach had 8659; in 1930 it has 26,613. St. Augustine disputes with Santa Fe, N. Mex., for the honor of being the oldest city in the United States. It is centuries old; was a city known in Eu- rope before the Pilgrims landed in New England or the English colonists in Virginia. Yet it scarcely grew at all during the centuries up to 1920, but in the decade following it rose from 6,192 to 11,930—nearly doubled. How the Spanish gold seekers and the cowled monks would have stared at the miracle! Yet, on the other hand, the beautiful city of Pensacola, famous in American naval history, gained only 420 people in the 10 years, It had 31,035 in 1920; has 31455 now. Key West actually lost population. They are examples of the waywardness of the age. ‘Then, at the other side of the con- tinent is to be found California, the climate of which also has been men- tioned. When gold was discovered at Sutter’s Mill, in 1849, there was a sub- stantial rush of adventurous persons to the place. No one is quite sure what happened at Berkeley Hills in the last decade. Yet Sutter's Mill never had any such experience as a rise from 674 in 1920 to 17,428 in 1930, as did that little California town. These places with well-spoken-of climates do not fully answer the ques- tion. Cleveland, Ohio, is & bleak city in Winter—20 below zero sometimes. Yet Shaker Heights grew from 1,616 in 1920 to 17,892 in 1930—purely a real estate development. In a long-range study of the effects of these movements perhaps the growth of the Southern cities is of greater im- port. The invasion of the South by Northern capital and the awakening of Southern industries from a sort of Brunhilde sleep at the touch of this rhagic decade have been phenomenal. Chattanooga, Tenn., has been a pleas- ant, quiet, half-somnolent city for many a generation—comfortable, ade- quately prosperous. But in 1920 it was a town of t 57,895. Today it has 119.539. And it all happened in 10 years. And there is Houston, Tex. In 1920 Houston's population was 138,276, while the 1930 census shows 289,428. Both cities more than doubled. They had had the same resources all years; the climate of neither changed. Nor was gold found at either place. It was the work of the miraculous decade. Even Westerville, Ohio, birthplace and home of the Anti-Saloon League. gained a few people, rising from 2480 in 1920 to 2856 in 1030. It is not stated in the census returns whether all of these recruits are drys. Fifty Years Ago In The Star Fifty years ago The Star was begin- ning its erusade against overhead wires in~ Washington, which Overhead 1t maintained for many i ;] vears wi eventua) Wire Evil. Juccess. “'In The Star of August 9, 1880, s the followin; “The rapid extension of telegraph facllities to meet the increasing mands of business has enveloped all our large cities in a maze of wires and filled the streets with unsightly poles. N’:‘: Kark‘ Bmuu;:lfi“chlupt :ad pcr‘el.;- cinnati are prot against the - ent system of erecunhwlru, and the ‘Western Union Co. is dyl mental wire underground in Jersey City, with the purpose of devising a plan for running its various lines that will not tt;emlnlmode and endanger the residents of cities. “The danger of the present system of running wires was impressed ugon the people of Chicago lately. While flames were issuing from the sixth story of a hotel the cry was raised that some of the inmates were still in the up rooms of the burning building. 'he firemen found it imj ible to run up ladders because of the telegraph wires ‘{‘?;lch surrounded the hotel on every side. “Wires by the score extend over the roofs of houses here in Washington as well as other cities, and they not only. often in cases of fire, interfere with the work of the firemen but actually en- danger their lives. It is time for municipal authorities to take a deter- mined stand against the present mode of erecting wires. “It is not necessary that the tele- graph companies should await the re- sult of experiments with underground wires. It has been demonstrated long ago that the underground system may be made as efficient as the one now in use. In London, for instance, the wires are all encased in es that are sunk along the curbing. This plan is more expensive than the use of poles, because the wires have to be coated with an insulator; but it is time, in this coun- try, to consult public convenience and safety Tather an the desires and expenses of telegraph companles. Here in Washington the removal of the long lines of poles on our thoroughfares would rid us*of a nuisance and add to the general appearance of the city.” * * % would suggest to the Belt Railroad writes & citizen whose letter is in The Star t 12, 1880, Co. . rinted Non-Stopping flp‘m‘“ 3, 1880 “that they could prob- Street Cars. gpiy" increase their receipts by requiring their drivers to keep a little brighter lookout for cus- tomers and to be a little more courteous and considerate to passengers. It is not an easy matter to catch the eye or the ear of many of the drivers on this line, and when this is effected the rule among them seems to be to get into the car as he best can while it is in motion. In reply to a question yester- day a driver told me, with a good deal of insolence in word and manner, that | he acted under the instructions of the officers of the company in not stooping the car except in the case of a cripple. Now I am not exactly & cripple, but at the same time I am not robust enough or young enough to make it safe for me to practice the gymnastics necessary to climb into & street car when it is in motion, more particularly the bob-tailed cars of the Belt line, which, with their trivial rails and steps, are difficult enough to enter when the car is stand- ing still. As a matter of law I suppose that a passenger can demand that the car be brought to a full stop before undertaking to enter it, but ss no one would care about going to law to enforce his rights in this respect, probably most ple aggrieved will prefer to walk or patronize some other line. Railicad col ies are apt to complain that juries give unduly heavy damages to passeng-rs injured in getting on or off the cars while they are in motion, but if this driver told the truth and rail- ing an experi- | ¢ Liberal Encyclical Of Anglican Bishops BY A. G. GARDINER, England’s Greatest Liberal Editor, LONDON, August 16.—The issue on Friday of the challenge of 300 Anglican bishops to the modern world has aroused widespread controversy in the lay press. For five weeks these 300 bishops, all of Anglican communion, from all parts of the giobe, have been sitting in secret conclave at Lambeth Palace under the presidency of the Archbishop of Canterbury to consider Lhel;mtude of the church toward the world. No previous conference has ap- proached the practical problems of life andidly and the event marks a wholly new departure of the relations of the church and human society and an attempt to accommodate religion to the new problems in secular affairs. In this respect the most discussed feature of the encyclical is that re- ferring to the vexed question of birth control, in regard to which opinion in the church had been undergoing sub- stantial modification under the influence of combative propaganda by Dean Inge. The conclusion of the bishops is care- fully guarded, but the outstanding fact remains that, as the London Times ob- serves, “for the first time the practice of birth control in certain circumstances is recognized by the hierarchy of the Angli- can communion.” * % R This decision has a not unimportant bearing on the problem of the unity of the church, in view of the uncompro- mising negative of the Roman Catholic hierarchy toward the practice. But, apart from this vital disagreement, the cyclical recognizes regretfully that the failure of the Malines conversations with Cardinal Mercier excludes the hope of the participation of Rome in the movement toward the reunion of the Christian churches. ‘This movement is nevertheless one of the most significant features of the bishop's report. The emphasis laid on new discussions with the Eastern orthodox churches and the fact that an important delegation led by the triarch of Alexandria attended the co ference give promise of practical sults. Even more importance is ate tached in the press to the bishops" blessings of the union of the Anglicans with the non-conformists in the mission field of South India, which indicates & new development in the policy of the Anglican church. * ok ok ok ‘The bishops recognize quite frankly that the new communion will not be really Anglican at all and yet al ther welcome the venture as an experiment which may have important and il- luminating results in the development of a church of the universe. This idea of thes reunion of Christendom. with the largest of freedom within the union for differences of practice and doctrine, runs through the encyclical and the influence of such a reunion upon secular affairs is illustrated by the declaration that the Christian church in every nation should refuse to countenance any war in regard to which the government of its own country has declined to submit the dispute to arbitration. On two subjects liberal opinion is critical of the bishops. They have made little or no advance on the sub- ject of divorce and their refusal to discriminate between the innocent and guilty parties in relation to the rites of the church on remarriage is pretty widely condemned. On this point Dean Inge's advocacy of two forms of mare , one secular and subject to divorce and the other spiritual and not sub- Ject to divorce, receives no sanction er comment. * % ow % ”'{thw oth!a ground n;oxmduummnctbn‘ e timid approa recogni- tion of women in the service of the church. Opinion on this subject had strengthened under the t-war emancipation of women and the case of Maude Royden has given theequestion great public prominence. The 3 road officials really give orders that the car shall not be stopped for passen- t .uu::{mmm mm’ b .:unnnntt‘ cduncemon tflxt wom‘zn be eligible as leaconesses Tregar as an logical indefensible 3 : (Copyright, 1830.)