Evening Star Newspaper, June 22, 1930, Page 26

THE EVENING STAR .+ With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BUNDAY..........June 22, 1030 THEOD(RE W. NOYES. ... Editor The Evening Stas N-w?.pu paD; Bu: :F' Office Dubiy 11 ns: s Ave. ) ! RORSE B 8 e bun 60c per month per month T copy ach month. T telephone Th (when fatlchaT ¥ Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virgini flz and Sunda: il duyonty All Other fl and Sund iy only - junday: “omy Member of the Associated Press, . iated Pro so T R Sal LR I sxchiminy enti s credited to it or ihis paper and. not 1" he s terei: Al atehes herel Petition of the Taxpayers: The function of the District tax- payers is to pay whatever municipal and national taxes Congress may exact and to submit to whatever forms of tax expenditure' Congress may direct. They are not represented like other Americans in their Legisiature, ‘They have no voice in the decision as to how much taxes shall be raised, what objects shall be taxed or how the tax money shall be sperit. ‘They may petition on all these ques- tions, and when their petitions are courteously or pontemptuously disre- garded as negligible, or, arousing re- sentment among the petitioned, elicit verbal, vilifying abuse, the petitioners may make indignant but futile protest, That is the situaMen of the District taxpayers in the predent deadliock over the District appropriation bill. Congress proposes to tax the District for- the year under consideration for about $33,000,000. In the process of deciding how this tax money shall be spent the two houses of Congress dif- fered concerning the mmount of the lump-sum contributiot which for sey- eral years, as. an snntdl appropriative practice and as an exception to subs stantive law, Congress has been sub- stituting, - The lump-sum provision applies only to the items of the annual appropristion bill to which it 15 at- tached. It lives only for s year and must be renewed annuslly. If this snnual ensctment’ of ‘wholesale excep- tions to the substantiv} law fails or is ‘omitted, substantive ‘aw Iimmediately and automatically applies in full foree. In the present dedlock the House and Senate would have little difficulty 18 sgreeing upon the items of expendi- ture of the District tax money, the chief difference- that - arises concerning only the amount of national contribution toward Capital maintenance and devel- opment.. The Housp proposes sn ex- ‘esption to the substantive law in sug- gesting the substitution of = $9,000,000 Jump. sum. If that proposal of an ex- eeption to the substantive law is nega- tived by the Sewnte,the exception dies and substantive law becomes auto- matically operative. ‘The District taxpayers, therefore, in this ‘emergency, exercising their right of pejition, appeal to both houses of Congress to pass the District appro- priation ‘Bill and te make the mutual or ‘reciprocal concessions on all issues that sare necessary to the enactment Anto Jaw of this bill. In regard to the national eontribution , the ple 'of Waghington petition. that either the two houses compromise by reciprocal eoncessions eoncerning the amount of Jump-sum provision to be eontributed by the Nation in exception to the sub- stantive law, or, agreement upon s Jump sum provision having falled, that they permit the substantive law of 60-40 contribution, unviolated this year by ex- eeption, to come into operation. —————— Chicago gang theories as to some of the victims of vengeance eall attention to the growing difficulty of preventing energetic young men from drifting into bad company. Gangsters claim they are fighting against prohibition. They are fighting only for profit. There is no shadow of principle involved. A Vanishing Stream. Summer or Winter, few spois in Washington are more beautiful than the short styetch of woods and stream that form Piney Branch Valley from the mouth of this bubbling brook at its Juncture with Rock Creek to the Six- teenth Street Bridge, half & mile or 30 awsy. In Winter the stream sometimes becomes & silver thread of ice, woven | between the boulders that form its rocky course, and in Summer it “still sings over the ledges and gleams in the lights and shadows that pierce the forest cov- erings of its graveled banks” But, following the paths that border this stream, one comes suddenly upon its present source which happens to be the gaping mouth of & sewer. Even before one is thus disillusioned, if it happens o be in dry weather, gentle odors that are strangers to the Spring flowers along the way hint to the pedestrian that all is not pure water that glitters and bubbles and sings over rocks. And close inspection of the stream itself reveals & slimy species of green and stagnant pool here and there that denote certain improvements on Mother Nature's original intentions. All of which Is interesting in connec- tion with an item in the Sewer Depart- “‘ment's 1932 estimates, now before the Commissioners, which recommend spending $600,000 to extend the Piney Branch trunk sewer from ils present outiet valve within the shadow of the Bixteenth Street Bridge to some point , made. The amount of pollution, one is informed, is negligible and Rock Creek, as pristine as it may appear, is already poiluted by other sewerage that enters far upstream. The sewer extension will be underground, of course, But the It antedated civilization by more years than anybody knows about and has continued down through the ages to decorate the picturesque valley that marks its' course. OCivilisation has desecrated most of this valley beyond recognition now, but the small part that has been bought by the Park Com- mission, with the rich historical lore of anclent Indian quarries and arrow- head craftsmen preserved in imperish- able stone, will some &ay be worth its weight in gold to a generation seeking the peace and quiet that only woods and shade can bring. The stream has almost disappeared, and what part of 1t that remains—except on days of storm when it becomes & foaming, roaring young river—is traced to the source mentioned above. It the stream does disappear with the construction of the sewer extension, it is to be hoped that the bed of the stream itself will be left as it is today, which is probably very much like it was a thousand years ago. There may come & time when it would be practicable to turn city water into the channel, for appearances’ sake. And the planners who decide on a motif for treatment of this bit of parkland will find non> better than leaving it as mu-h likc it is today as possible—with & footpath here and there, and maybe & bridie path, one of the few places on the face of the earth that still remain relatively free from the trespass of the sutomoblle. —_———————— “Every Man Is Here Tonight.” “Every man who started out with me has returned,” said Admiral Byrd last night at the Auditoriam at the con- clusion of his address in acceptance of the National Geographic Soclety medal for his South Polar expedition. “We left not & single man on the ice. Every one is here tonight.” This simple statement evoked in- stant and loud applause from the great audience assembled to witness the cere- mony and to see the pictures of the expedition. Perhaps no other words uttered caused so ardent a manifesta- tion. There on the stage, behind the commarder, sat the eighty men who accompanied him, every man present &s on the day when the expedition sailed for the South. A truly wonderful dem- onstration of splendid leadership. It needed no particular proof through the vivid motion pictures of the perils of “the expedition to cause those who were present to appreciate the magni- tude of the achievement of taking this number of men to Antarctica, some to the very Pole, and back home without the loss of a single life—inde€d, with- out any serious mishap. Those perils were graphically shown. The terrors of the freakish climate were evident. “The treachery of the ice was thrillingly demonstrated. Yet there on the stage Was every man who went South with Byrd—no absentees, no substitutes—all present and all well, This circumstance is perhaps the most gratifying of all connected with the expedition. The penalties paid for polar research and attainment have been heavy. Many gallant men have perished in efforts to extend human knowledge of the terrible wastes of the frozen zomes. Cairns now standing heneath the snow mark many graves. But in this case, thanks to careful pro- visioning andsfo:4be use of every con- Celvablé devioe for ‘comfort and for the sustenance of life and for the averting disaster, this band of eighty men went out and spent months in the Antarctic and came back—every man, with every limb, in perfect health. Such -leadership is worth all . the plaudits that can be bestowed. And such a crew, obedient to orders, true to discipline, co-operative in the high- est degree with the commander, in- telligently appreciative of the need of team work in deeds and in spirit, should Teceive noi only congratulations upon being able to answer “Here” at the homecoming roll eall, but the highest praise for their share in the sucecess. T When Senator Hiram Johnson refers to the London treaty as a dose of bitter medieine he does not permit the infer- ence that it is the kind of medicine that will be of any particular benefit to Uncle Sam, —————r .- Ireland prevents the indiseriminate publication of crime news. It is the privilege of a free state to have & press censorship if desired. Preedom s a word which must always be defined with economic limitations. ——— The South Pole lures Richard Byrd to another journey. After so many ovations & man naturally longs for a period of genuine quietude. ————— Another Landmark Passing. While for some years it has been definitely known that the British em- bassy at Connecticat avenue and N street was to be abandoned and prob- ably destroyed, as soon as its successor structure was completed and ready for use, the announcement that it is to be razed and replaced by a large com- mercial building causes a sense of loss to those who respect the landmarks of Washington. It was inevitable, of course, that the old-fashioned building should pass. It had served its purpose, for & long period, and it was outdated in style and, in private ownership, it would be unprofitable to retain it as & souvenir of the past. Nevertheless, it will be missed. ‘This structure was of a kind that was regarded when it was erected as the last word in elegance. Its massive porte-cochere, set slightly askew to the street, was impressive. Such a build- ing, however, would not be designed and built nowadays. It belonged to a period of inartistic planning. Still, it Was in Its day the pride of the Capital, It was pointed out to visitors as “Queen Victoria's” bullding. In those times the legations—there were no embassies here untll long after its erection—were England’s ownership of this particular stucture set it apart. Now several of the foreign delegations are permanently housed in government-owned structures. The passing of landmarks is one of the penalties paid for the development THY SUNDAY. ‘STAR, - WASHINGTON, D. €. even historic structures mow standing within the limits of the Municipal Cen- ter site. These, Bowever, are not as well known to present-day Washing- tonians as the Britfsh embassy or the bulldings on the square diagonally across from the Treasury, for they stand within a less frequented zone. Yet that nelghborhood was once the heart of Washington, and these build- ings were the most significant of the private hemes and- institutions of the Capital. Among them are churches that fifty years and more ago were most definitely centers of the religious life of Washington, ' So the changes occur and the Capital City alters its aspect from time to time, more rapidly at present than perhaps at any other period in its existence. This alteration has Always in the main been for the better, grievous though the losses may have been. ————— An Antarctic Paradox. ‘Washingtonians heard Rear Admiral Byrd tell of his Antarctic exporations on the eve of the theoretically longest day of the year—theoretically only in the sense that gwing to certain astro- nomical compiications too profound for the lay mind to understand both Sun- day and Monday are each one minute longer in the span of daylight than Saturday. To all intents and purposes Friday was one of the year's longest days. And it was*then that the people of the Capital heard about the night that lasted 120 days, during which Byrd and his men worked in the dark- ness and the cold at their Winter quarters, waiting for the dawn. ‘This is not & new story, for Polar explorers have told it before, though mostly with relation to the northern zone of ice. It is hard for those who have not passed & season in the extreme North or South to conceive darkness continu- mg for nearly twenty weeks, with no ray of sunshine, with practically no glimmer of light. There is mo dif- ference between what we know as “day’ and “night.” Only by strict reckon- ing by the.elock is the twenty-four- hour period divided into those parts, There 1s no way by which the calendar can be followed. The passing of “time” is unmarked by any physical diffe; entiations. If the clocks or watches stop all means of reckoning is gone. Somebody must be charged, with the duty of checking up the hours, and counting off the “days.” In such conditions the ordinary con- cepts of time go all awry. A “night” that lasts for four months fs & night only because of darkness. It might as well be called a “day,” despite the phenomenon of lack of light: It be called a “day,” what of the period that follows, when there is almost con- tinuous light for months? - Is that-aiso a “day”? Aré there, in truth, only two “days” in the Arctic or the Ant- arctic year? ‘These strange conditions, so alien to the normal circumstances of life, form perplexing paradoxes. To those who have visited the world’s extremities and have experienced these peculiarities, however, they soon become hormal. Life quickly adjusts to strangeness when it is an everyday condition. —— e A New York ovation for Bobby Jones may interpose a new hagard in his subsequent game, Nothing is so ealcu- lated to take a modest young golfer's nerve so thoroughly as a great metro- politan ovation. e Mergers affect the pleasure and com- fort even of the small boy who begins to feel at this time of year that the circus supply is not nearly equal to-the nprmal demand. —r——— The remarks of Mr. Brookhart at- tacking the American Legion along with Hanford MacNider make it clear that the Towan likes to defy as many foemen as possible all at once. . Senators aimed the first attack, but Bishop Cannon appears fairly confident of scoring the last word. o e—e— —I!OOTIIG STARS., BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Locomotive Whistle, Locomotive comin® through, Shoutin’ like it used to do: “Never mind the boats that go ‘Where the oceans ebb and flow. Never mind the airships grand, Hurrying over sea and land, Listen to 'me as I sing. I am still the Travel King. “With respect I still am heard. Though I'm neitlier fish nor bird, Robot powers I reveal. I'm the giant bullt of steel, Carrying burdens for the wise, Leading unto sad surprise Por the speculative crew— I am telling you Who's Who!" Successful Investigation. “Was your investigation a success?” “An overwhelming success,” answered Senator Borghum. “We found out more things than we will know what to do about in the next ten years.” Jud Tunkins says it is hard to see why anybody should want to win a beauty contest when what people most admire at a'circus is the elephant, The World Over. I traveled to a distant sphere In search of relaxation. 1 found the people there, as here, Complaining of taxation. Losses. “Did you Jose much through stoek market?” “Yes,” answered Mr. Dustin Stax. “The erratic conditions made me so nervous that I lost & number of golf matches.” the “He who cares only for money,” sald Hl Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may find wealth reducing him to the posi- tion of & watchman over his own be- , | longings. ~ The Weary Muse, My Radio! My Radio! You bring me rhythms fast or slow. ‘The tunes begin to tire at last, For you have worn them out too fast. “Pleasant words,” /sald Uncle Eben, “lead to prosperity. ‘Any fortune-teller kin tell you dat much fum experience.” Done for You. B s gt SN ral has decreased. -It's not necessary to kill yourselt 4 that town, JUNE. 29:-- 1980-—PART TWO:- “USING OUR LEISURE” " BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of One of the most important things in life is to learn how to make profitable use of our lelsure time. The present age is not conducive to reflection and it is impatient of any form of idleness. Each | day seems to accelerate our speed and to compel us to fill every hour with some new form of activity. Even these ‘whose pursult is pleasure weary them- selves with their excesses. Satiety and jaded appetites follow in the train of such overindulgence. Only recently a mother appealed to me concerning abnormal activities of her daughters. She doubtless expressed the conviction of many another when she said, “The burdens that are lald upon our young | people by modern social practice prove disastrous to their health and leave them little time for repose.” ‘The Summer is now upon us and the question of the use of leisure is an im- portant one. We all need some form of rest and recreation and change of scene. Does this necessarily imply absolute idleness? Does it mean the long days, and sometimes the shortened nights, are to be characterized by a mad quest for the satisfaction of desire and appetite? One of the most remarkable preachers this country has known once observed to me that his Summer-was a time for re- lenishing spent mental forces, 1t was is practice to gather sther books that he felt bound to read, and to be- take himself to one of the charming mountain villages of Switseriand. There, with long daily walks and indulgence in | pe some healthful outdoor sports, he re- stored his spent physical forces, and portion of each day was given to re- flection and reading of worth-while books. He returned to his great pulpit each Fall and during the latter years of his life he displayed increasing genius as a preacher and prophet. We recall another busy Wall Street man who, for an avocation, took up the study of art, and in the space of a few years became so accomplished that his works gained recognition by the out- standing art eritics of America. I doubt not that he found, in what he regarded W ashington. as & pastime, physical and mental profit. The wheels of our mental. and physical machinery need lubricating, else they run slowly and unsatisfac- torily. If “all work and no play” effects dullness, sheer economy demands that we should mix in proper proportion play *"fL Was & distinguished surgeo t was a Boston n who maintained that well balanced liv- ing called for four things, “work, play, Jove and worship.” I seems incon- ceivable that, in the Summertime, when nature is at its best. we should walk, through God's wonderful world un- mindful of His presence and of His evident care for His children. Physical exhilaration unaccompanied by mental exhilaration may produce s freshened zest for life and may Increase in us “the wild joy of living,” but in the end it proves unsatisfactory. We may | not forget, except to our hurt, that the | appetites of the mind and of ghe spirit require as much, if not more consid- eration than those of the body. The great Master of men went now and agaln into the deep silences. In one instance we read, “Every man went to his own home, Jesus went to the Mount of Olives.” What these periods of detachment meant to Him we do not know, but He certainly regarded them as indispensable, They were re- flected In the repose of His mind and in the beauty and dignity of His utterances. ‘Whether our Summer leisure is to spent near the sea or in some mountain place of quiet, let us seek to they shall bring to us that kind of renewal and refreshment that con- tributes to healthful, vigorous, joyous living. ‘That there are “Sermons in stones, Books in running 'brooks And good in everything,” is more than poetic fancy. Leisure is indispensable to all of us, but it is & kind of leisure that rebuilds our spent rhynul, mental and spiritual forces hat is most profitable to us. Economic and Alcoholic Insurgencies Cause Concern for Republican Heads BY WILLIAM HARD. Administration advocates were con- siderably puzeled at this week end to know what to do with the double pros- pect now on hand of economic insur- gency in the West and alcoholic insu gency in the East. How to re-elect “dry” “conservative” President with the help of a Northwest gone “radical” and of & Northeast rapidly going “wet” was regarded as & problem worthy of the best minds." Some vigorously optimistic adminis- trationists declared either ironically or seriously that the emergence of Mr. Dwight W. Morrow of New Jersey into Enlnmoo and power as & popular tern champion of “wetness” within the Republican party would prove to be & blessing of the greatest saving value o the party and to the President. They based their paradoxical argument upon the analogy furnished by the behavior of the mass of the Northwestern insur- its in all years the last two numbers of which are divisible by the number 4. * 5 % ¥ In years divisible only by the numer- al 2, {:‘6)‘ as 1922 and 1926 and 1930, the Northwestern insurgents, it is pointed out, adopt a spectacularly anti- party attitude and acquire much fame as party wreckers. This fame helps them in their States and does not hin- der or hurt them ‘Washington. At ‘Washington they continue to vote with the Republican regulars in the partisan organizing ‘of the Senate and of its commitiees and they continue to.enjoy the reward of excellent personal ac- comntodations in the Senate Office Building and of excellent official as- signments to committee chairmanships. ultimate political effect—{rom a strictly and narrowly Republican White House point of view—Is miraculously beneficial. * ok k% The States which produce the Repub- lican insurgents are gratified by the audacities exhibited and by the posi- tions achieved by their favorite sons in the Federal Senate under the Repub- lican banner. They behold Mr. Ne: beck of South Dakota at the head of the Senate committee on banking. They behold Mr. Howell of Nebraska at the head of the Benate committee on claims, They behold Mr. Borah of Idaho at the head of the Senate com- mittee on foreign affairs. They be- hold Mr. Frazier of North Dakota at the head of the Senate committee on Indian affairs. They behold Mr. Schall of Minnesota at the head of the Sen- ate committee on_interoceanic canals. They behold Mr. Norris of Nebraska at | the head of the Senate committee on the judiciary. They behold Mr. La Fol- Jette of Wisconsin at the head of the Senate committee on manufactures. They behold Mr. Nye of North Dakota at the head of the Senate committee on public lands. They also behold— among the semi-insurgents—Mr. Mc- Nary of Oregon at the head of the Sen- ate committee on culture, and Mr. Johnson of California at the head of tfe Benat> committee on commerce, and Mr. Couzens of Michigan at the head of the Senate committee on inlerstate commerce. *xEx They see, in short, that the Repub- lican insurgents and semi-insurgents, in rtion to their numbers, have bet- ter committee ments than the Re- publican regul They also see them saying more thi and doing mot things than the regulars. They see them intimidating and coercing the regulars. They appreciate and applaud the show, and they get accustomed to seeing It conducted under Republican auspices and with Republican stage directors. ‘They thereupon gain so great a Re. ublican momentum that in years divi: ble by four—such as 1920 and 1924 nd 1928—they vote for a Republican President in the course of a continued trance of automatic mesmerism. * * ¥ In other words, according to this line of reasoning, Republican party achieves its quadrennial presidential tri- umfhl by playing & superior hospi- tality in between times to economic radicalism. It gathers the Western out- breakers under its wings, and then every four years they break out & Re- publican chief magistrate. This far-sighted system, it is declared by some of the administrational com- mentators upon Mr. Morrow's New Jer- sey victory, was in effective operation in the West, but till now had not been adapted to the peculiar exigencies of the East. In the West it had been thoroughly established that you could g0 off the deep end for Government ownership of the power trust and keep right at it within the Republican part; but in the East the opinion strongly rsisted and was rapidly growing that order effectively to be for govern- ment ownership of liquor dispensaries you might have to swim off with Al Smith inte being & Democrat, * % % % ‘This dismayin sibllity—dismaying to Republican &m House occupants —is now, it is held, beginning to be circumvented. Mr. Morrow this next week will be received at the White House with every mark of personal esteem and affection. He will not be rebuked and minimized. He will be stroked and aggrandized. It is hoped that he will be to ‘t‘he wets of the Illll "h.:l 1o the Progressives of ti roving Mr. Borah - West—a taste bell-wether with a and a homing habit. ‘Time will disclose the further gri ber of the man, Mr. George W. Wickersham, assalling the penaities of the Volstead and Jones laws. Time will elicit no presidential displeasure whatsoever man- ifested toward the New York Republic~ an county committee for its virtually unanimous vote last Thursday night in favor of the repeal of the eighteenth amendment. *x ok x ‘The Republican party will remain na- tionally “dry” and coddle the Eastern “wets,” just as it remains. nationally “conservative” and coddles the Western “Iiberals.” It calculates that since it is helped into presidential office by eco- nomic “liberals,” it might as well also be helped into office by malt, vinous and spirituous “liberals.” It now con- tains wilder “radicals” than the Demo- cratic party, and it trusts it is om its way to containing wetter “wets.” Hence the popularity of Mr. Morrow with all responsible Republican party- afeisls. A deep instinct teaches them that the theorists are all wrong and that the most successful party nationally is not the one that shows the. most orderly logie. It is the one that operates the most orderly 200, . ‘Thus they discourse in their sat moments. They say it lightly, also, however, mean it. (Copyright, 1930 - Great Increases in Electric Current Use BY HARDEN COLFAX. ‘The use of electric current is increas- ing throughout the United States and the most impressive gains are being shown in the lines which first were de- veloped through utilization of this form of energy. ‘The largest gains, according to a sur- vey by C. M. Withington, utility ex- pert of Pynchon & Co., and a statement by the Department of Commiefce, have taken place in the domestic field. This takes in domestic lighting, = heating, cooking and the operation of labor-say- ing household devices, ok X | Increases have also been registered, | ccording to the department, in the other lines of electrical consumption, but the striking gains come from those stable old supporters of business, “Pater Familias,” “Household” and "Constant Reader.” There are now well over 19,- 000,000 homes wired for electricity the United States and there is every in- dication that by the end of this year this number will total approximately 20,000,000. ‘The improvements have been particularly not! le in farms, which have been wired for electrical utilization at rate which has doubled the total eve three and a half years. Electric light and power companies of the United States, which have beer. dis- cussing the affairs of tne industry at San Francisco this week, have reported an increase in the sales of electricity for the first quarter of 1930 of 780,000,- 000 kilowatt hours, or & galn of 4.2 per cent, compared with the mumal’.f. period of 1929, * E ok ‘The revenues received by the producers of electrical current have shown an even more striking advance, gaining $26,172,000, or 5.2 per cent, as compared with the corresponding period last year. ‘The amount of current used for domestic service showed an increase of 395,000,000 kilowstt hours, or 14.4 per cent for the quarter, Next in point of increase was the commercial lighting service used by business offices, stor theaters and hotels, with & gain of per cent. power service advanced Industrial i 89,000,000 kilowatt Hours, or less than 1 per cent. Failure to register a la advance undotibtedly was due to the business depression prevailing throuj out the period. Rallroads and trolley lines showed a decline in the use of current. This probably was due to the incursions of the bus lines into the short-haul transportation fleld. * % % x There are now some 558,000 American farms wired for electricity, This com- pares with 166,140 at the end of 192! California leads in the number of farm: lup{lhd with current, followed by New &“ ;‘nd Ohio, but Montana has shawn e About 350,000, number does not include the miniature lamps such as are used in flashlights, automobiles and in surgery. There has been a marked increase also in the number of lamps used for purely decora. tive purposes. Lighting designs have be- come an. integral part of skyseraper decoration. * ok % ¥ ‘The development of aviation has in- creased the amount of current used for flood-lighting of airports and in the flying beacons which ‘mark the air routes: A large gain has also been tributed to lood“:htln( in the fleld sports, base ball, tennis and scores of other ‘games being played by night as well as by day. Electrical refrigeration 1s accounting for a large amount of current use. One electric utllity alone sold 230 carloads of refrigerators, totaling 13,700 units, in a six-week clm,)lkln this year. Production of electricity throughout the world is estimated today at 300,000, 000,000 kilowatt hours, of which this country produces 40 per cent. The world's electric light and power bill can- not be definitely estimated, but it is approximated at $4,000,000,000 ‘m‘llll‘d It is estimated that between $800,000, ::2 uvooo.m.oa:‘olfn A& % been expends developmen! of electric m-‘x t.- o'u:r\ countries. The utllities WAl have millions of h to A to 50 apportion the ddings of the day that | S0& | Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. With Congress about to adjourn and most of the members turning their minds toward extensive tours and in- cluding in their provisions one of those new tirecovers, advertised on the floor of the House by Representative Bloom of New York, associate director of the George Washington Bicentennial Com- mission, which will blazon to all who take the dust of the Congressmen's aul that we are to have an “on- to-the-Capital” surge in 1932, the ques- tion of ToAdSs is uppermest in the legislative mind. Dr. Julius Klein, Assistant Secretary of Commerce, apostle of business prog- ress and all that promotes it, has contrib- uted to the Congressional Record an in- teresting article on “Roads as Business Builders,” which is being read carefully by practically every member of Con- gress, who, in turn, are recommending its perusal to scores and hundreds of their constituents that they may come to a deeper appreciation of the bene- faction of good roads through Federal co-operation with the States. Dr, Klein reminds them that 'way back in the days of the Romans they had a “religion of the ropd” as a vital factor In well-being, law and order. The Roman road enabled the Imperial City 1o become the mistress of practically ail the then known world. These roads formed an intricate and gigantic net- work stretching out to Spain, up to Scotland, to Germany and Syria and across Northern Africa. Sometimes as much as 3 feet thick and almost as en- during as primeval rock, these Roman hl‘:l.wl!l struck straight for definite He recalls, too, that most of the early American .statesmen were passionately enthusiastic about the value of good Toads. Washington as a young engineer was a road bullder. That brilliant Car- olinian, Oalhoun, declared in 1819 that “s judiclous system of roads constructed for the convenience of commerce and the transportation of the mail would, by consolidating our Union and increasing our wealth and fiscal capacity, add m'-tlyh:o our resources.” KRS ‘e have progressed throug! ys of the turnpikes, toligates and the so- called “corduroy roads,” made of small logs. We have had our “Wilderness road,” which Daniel Boone hewed out from North Carolina to the heart of the Kentucky country, over which the grandparents of Al m Lincoln made their tortuous way Westward. We still have—glorified—t] famous “National road,” which was started from Cumber- land, Md., in 1808. It took 3 Presi. dents, 10 Congresses and 14 govern- mental acts to ;;l that road even as far as Wheeling, W. Va., about 135 miles. But over this old roadbed, improved by modern roadbuilding methods, hun- dreds of thousands of tourists are now :q,‘fln' annually into the Nation's Cap- That, Dr. Kleln emphasizes, was o of the first roots o‘; that far-fi i sturdy forefathe: Test of the country, For the last mounted -above & billion dollars every year. We now have more than 3, 000 ‘miles of public > mn - for - siness and Teational betterment - The Toads lnw Season s at hand—the are motor minded—they- are -be closer neighbors to those who live afar— the automobi! akin, & s le is making us all “know % % How living in the National Ca under the Capitol dome, inspires m With a zeal for service is proved in the rmn -of Representative Merlin Hull of lack River Falls, Wis., who during his Airst term in Congress has stood out for his activity in behalf of beneficial lation for the Capital Oity. Hull is now a5 well as a was in the State Legislature for Member of Congre: & young jour- here to neyman printer he came ‘ash- ington to Government. Printing suing his He worl O} o uies 0 e g i when ink Pal nd his old friends in the G. P. O. remember the little red: e etk riengs. o e riends in the Congress. At a Teunion this Spring Representative Hull met 54 who unJ to work with him more than 30 years ago, and each week that passes he meets up with some others in happy gatherings, Representative Hull accepted mem- ip on the House District commit- tee, which handles legislation for .the Natlonal Clrlhl.l A3 an inherited duty in appreciation of his real start here toward success in life and because he ol:‘z:hl: ll:;hu:f eity, ll!d1 80 his service ative committee a ;:I] labor t‘l" love. G e promptly took leadership in the fl{!ht lmlnlt the so-called "lfll:-lhlrk" bill, which sought to legalize an in- terest rate of 42 per cent on small l.ofin-wh the pom'h in need v);‘n are least le to pay such rates—and he defeated the bill, which he dubbed a “shylock” measure. With apprecition of the l'-fll!ll to get along by Government yes endeavoring to bring up their families on small salaries, and with a zeal to give every child all the advantages possible for securing an education, Rep- resentative Hull has been one of the 1 decade the average ex- | di penditure for roads in this country hgz production or motor cars are now run. | teresting step in_fuel Tec~ | United States Buresu of eitizens; |looked into the matter to sonre he touring | me & lawyer, | Desday, - Uncle Sam's world’s | definite invitation to jargest 1g}rflmt sbognlor some. seven years, | and David G er of Jowa was the | consultation George -headed printer | the invitation by-an interview in be one of their [official government organ in which he | Staf outstanding supporters of legislation for a reduced rate of street car fare for school children. He t lieved the concessions to outside own- resident people, most of them in Uncle Bam's service, should get some coun- ulrllull;)}::l;l'h.bln'flu4 He m“.th ain thal was not opposing the blie Utilities Goml\llakn?plol: ’L be & merger it must be without addi- tional expense to the people of the District. Since leaving Washin ago Representative Hull been pub- lishing_a_weekly farm paper in Black River Falls, and in Congress he has not neglected the interests of his con- stituents and subscribers, for his big :§ in Congress has been to obtain m 30 years uate protection for the dairy lucts of his district—and he voted t the tariff bill. e Equals in One Sense. Prom the Ann Arbor Dally News. After reading recent speeches by Mussolini and Tardieu, we are inclined to the belief that Italy and France have attained parity in verbal armament. ——————————— Brain Food. Fiom the Terre Haute Star, An Iowa girl won the national spelling contest, which shows that corn-feds sometimes run to brains, meet the Nation's sowm‘ needs of service, according to Matthew 8. Sloan, president of the New York Edison Co. and the National Electric Light Assoct ation. He asserts that the average price received for a kilowatt hour of power 1s about the same now as was paid by consumers in 1914, while costs of pro- ducing this power have more than doubled. ‘The electrical juipment manufac- turers are among the most prosperous of the business groups in the United Etates. These concerns have depart- ments which interlock so ciosely that the development of one spurs the sales Diphenyl as a Heafing Agent BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘The heating of houses by a contrap- with no little interest and is ke tion not much larger than a teapot and without furnaces to stoke, shake down and keep free from ashes is held out as a possible development of the curious substance called diphenyl, the latest plaything of sclentists and fuel engineers, The Bureau of Mines of the United States Government is inter- ested in the substance and its experi- mental laboratories may do tremendous things with 1t. Diphenyl is a substance which has the quality of getting hotter than any- thing else. Water, used for heating quite nerally, boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. This is not a high tem- perature. As soon as bolling starts, steam is generated and steam creates pressure, Pressure must be resisted by strongly constructed piping in a heat- ing apparatus. Steam heating systems require unusually strong radiators to contain the steam. But diphenyl does not, at ordinary temperatures, generate anything like as much pressure, For example, temperature where water turning to steam would generate a pressure of 1,000 pounds per square inch, _this mysterious substance, diphenyl, would generate but 65 pounds pressure. This means that the substance could be cir- culated through and contained ade- quately by comparatively flimsy pipes and, moreover, much less of it would be required to heat a given amount of An inconsplicuous lttle radiator which might be made in the form of & bird cage, and no larger, would be sufficient to heat the ordinary sized room as adequately as a large hot-water or steam_radiator, Diphenyl is one of the many by- products of henzene. By a heating process, hydrogen atoms are forced out of bonzene molecules. When the sub- stance which results from this process is cold, it is solid. When heated, it turns to'liquid, A temperature of 155 degrees Pahrenheit melts it. A Step in Fuel Engineering. Until recently diphenyl was only one of those laboral products which had come into being more or less incl dentally to chemical tation, It had no use. It had in But 1its when & demand appe: line manufacturer for & heating agent of just this sort, diphenyl was sug- gested. At that time there was only one pound of it in existence. That was in the laboratory of Theodore Swann, & manufacturing chemist of Birming- ham, Ala. = This single laboratory imen of diphenyl was priced at & pound, and, in the absence of a demand for the substance in commercial quantities, it would have continued to cost about that much to produce it. However, growth of highways over which '2'&1 when the oil refiner and gasoline manu- rs fought their way to | facturer created that demand, the that remote Western coast, which is now | manufacturing chemist found he ecould #0 happily and closely linked with the | produce diphenyl for 30 cents’s pound. ‘Thin development does not mean that iphenyl has yet reached the stage of practical use to make adoption of it for the heating of dwellings practicable, but the fact that it works at all is as an in. engineering, The Mines has extent British Reaction to American Tariff Law BY A. G. GARDINER, England's Greatest Liberal Editor. LONDON, June 21.—The Hawley- Smoot tariff bill, now law in the United ] of June 14, 1880, States, is having serious repercussions on the whirlpool of British politics. & lawyer and publigher, | With the total of unemployment mount- '35, He |ing in the neighborhood of 2,000,000 tide as waved t| the government has 8" signal to the oppo- In the House of Commons on Wed- Premler Macdonald issued work for Uncle Sam in the | sition. of measures dealing with une - ment. Lloyd had anticipated an offered to Maedonald a teed ma- Jority -if he agreed to hold an emer- at & | Dose touch with such experiments w Qg‘t substance as are being made. Although water is so generally used in house heating, water does not have very great capacity for holding heat, And its capacity varies. For example, water at a high altitude will not con- tain anywhere near as much heat at the bolling point as it will at sea level. boil away merrily, but not enough heat 0 boft eggi. While 'ut ing, one can comfortably hold a hand in it. Obviously this water would not radiate much heat to the surrounding atmosphere, The heat is not present. Produces Even Temperature, ‘To {llustrate how hot this new sub- stance, diphenyl, becomes, were it used for ordinary house heating, the pipes through which it was conducted and the radiators in which it was contained |would have to be insulated or con- tined in wire cay Were they ex- d, a person casually touching pipe or radiator would receive a severe burn. But the amount of heat which would be radiated from a relatively small sur- face obviously would be so much great- er than in the case of water that the mw-cnon of the apparatus would be conspicuous. It is in industry that dipheny! prom~ ises the greatest usefulness at present, In many processes it is important to maintain an even temperature and this 1s easier with diphenyl than with other usually employed heating agents. It neither heats up so rapidly nor cools ickly as hot water or steam heat- ing systems. In many lines of manus facture such even temperatures are imperative. The very process of gaso- line making which resulted in the pros duction of diphenyl requires & high; even temperature. This is known as the cracking process. Of course the Appas ratus used in a refinery could be espes clally constructed so that the dan of injury to persons from touching superheated surfaces would be mini- "For house heating, however, consid- Domsbia se o dipheny 1 conmeetion e use of wm:': central heating plant, ins then, by simple apparatus in the house, it would be used to heat water for an ordinary hot-water piant. The big advantage of this would lie in the fact that there would have to be no furnace in ‘the house. Therefore, fire danger from the actual presence of flame¢ would be done away with. Superheated diphenyl pipes merely would be placed in contact with water pipes and the heat transferred through the metal. ‘They would not actually mix. A small pipe of diphenyl would give off so much heat that contact with water-filled pipes would heat the water. o ‘However, there is one serious -draw- back to this central heating idea: It diphenyl falls below 158 degrees “of temperature itself, it becomes a solid, Should anything haj at the central heating plant and dipheny) * céol, the pipes of & system serving, v half a city would become h 8 BT e g awing g ly , ild K the out & frozen automobil seern very simple by comparison. . Fifty Years Ago In The Star - “It is not at all lik ":‘n?:'flnlfl [Distriot's Columbia and, of - Delogates. several Territories to" allowed & vou.n!u F sentation in national Demoera i gency session to pass on emergency|in measures. He suggested a Joint com- mittee of Liberal and Labor members and added that the Liberals must be called in as equals. The interview gave the Imgenulnn that he wanted to save "l:‘buy ral party by a cealition with * ok ok % Macdonald's invitation, on the other hand, is aimed at a general ‘consulta- S A S to 3 lea ¢ governmen the pttlhl”rlfl" of taking the decisions. To proposal Lioyd George agreed. Baldwin remained silent. Subsequently, at a party meeting the Conservatives decided not to take a part in the con- ference on the ground that no cure for unemrlom-nt exists except safeguard- ing of industry by a tariff and that the ’ovcrnment will rule out safeguarding rom consideration. This refusal emphasizes the momen- tum of the protectionist movement within the Conservative party, and the reelmfi aroused by the new American tarift strengthened the Beaverbrook faction in Baldwin or split the party. It will ership too many and beliéved that the | be remembered that Baldwin, who, While & protectionist, draws the’line at taxes, undertook in the event of an it | agreement with the dominions to sub- mit such taxes to a referendum of the ef- | electorate. Lord Beaverbrook sccepted forts, but Insisting that if there is to | the compromise, but has since recanted and demands that the referendum idea be abandoned and that the Conserva- tives declare outright for protection, in- cluding food taxes, with free trade with- in the empire. * x kX This week Lord Beaverbrook has, through the Rothermere Press, appealed in a broadcast for subscriptions to the Empire party to enable it to run food- tax candidate wherever an official Con- servative candidate takes a stand on saf guarding for industries and a refere: dum for food taxes. This places Bald- win in a most difficult position. Beaverbrook's revolt is formidable, first because he has the support of the pow- erful Rothermere press and, second, because the bulk of the rank-and-file Conservatives are full-blooded \ protec- tionists held in check only by a leader who fears the adoption of a 'food-tax plank would be fatal in the country. * x ok % In effect, Lord Beaverbrook and Lord Rothermere are engaged in stampeding inst the official leaders §.to wreck any Conserv- ative candidate "who refuses to accept lood ta: They have scored a vic- m over zlldvlln in the , NOW , in which a Con- servative unmhn adopted the food tax and rejected the referendum. If, as is . the Conservative wins the seat, Baldwin's position, which is already weakened, will be seriously enda , and, coupled with the feeling aroused by the American tariff, the whole Consery- ative party may drift into advocacy ction in 1 confict with Bl:&— W posed the | WIn an executives of the party. street car merger proposal mnn it w.: This week the conflict has reached defeated in committee, because he be- | & Crisis which threatens to overthrow Tord | iren g | Bay for the suppl; Pl then established. eratic national convention in 1844 g & number of the delegates insisted that tates which regularly cast their votes position should not be per- mitted to participate choosing & ticket, but this pro) was ufi absurd to receive mi rt, was answered that the polit status of a State could not be in vance; that to exclude from the ccn; ity for P‘ny would at onee destroy all chance of ever carry- ing it for the Democrats.” ¥ L * ¥ “The unusual sight in this ci The Star of Jul::‘lfll. 1820, “of se| In| Howgate Polar :;lm-.. mlr A cw it e polar Expedition. T8 PON od Vi e o P Ssbengit oot o 3 5 T of pel attracted Wz The Guinare, & velty of the sij m‘hrl K for ne Howgess nu n staunch Clyde-built recently reconstructed . expedition to Lady Franklin , and which has since been condemned by the naval inspectors, brought around to the wharf from the navy yard several days ago and yesterday the work of tak- ing on board and packing her stores was commenced by an experienced stevedore, Mr, McKenny, brought here from Bal timore, the work being under the eye of Capt. Howgate. Wagonload upen wagonload of supplies furnished by Messrs. B. W. Reed's Sons were oarted to the wharf and taken on board, Saturday after her arrival at this wharf 1l that she could take with her cargo of stores. ‘This boat was originally built for the English coast survey service, and was an iron hull. The work of reconstruct- her comprised covering her entire bottom from her waist with g solid mass of oak timber 14 inches thigk; well trunnioned and calked and a similar thickness on her inside. She also has been braced with heavy oak timbers. “The cargo of stores comprised prck~ ages of em variety of strong -nflub— stantial food, done up in the most com- pact forms. These stores are d ed to be left at the two houses be ereeled for the coloney at Lady Franklin of the officers and men left there. e Tumber for these houses, all red together, is at the wharl, Norfolk elec- | bes vinegar, rice, milk, pickles .alcohol, but isky. “The expedition will sail direct Lady Pranklin Ba until the coast of A e of naked and uncomprbmising protec- | the This would mean the retirement of Baldwin, which is one of the objects Lord Lord Ro and profits of practically all the others. | have & For has er at her destination o be mmedintely i v i pu mharn-_lhll.