Evening Star Newspaper, June 22, 1930, Page 25

' PACT WITH TURKEY PUTS ' GREECE IN BRIGHTER PATH Great Modern State Arises After Century of Strife—Credit to Venizelos. Rumania Facing Progress.’ BY FRANK H. SIMONDS. Hon thai the speciaci: tention than the retur.. of Carol to Ru: ‘mania, the signing of a Greco- - Turkish treaty of friendship ' at precisely the same repment is an event of far greater impormnce alike in the _ Balkans and in Europe. Actually it i ends amicably a war which, with in- terruptions, has lasted for more than & hundred years. In the 11 decades of struggle Greece has suffered many Yeverses, but has never given up the struggle. Today the Hellenic state counts within its frontiers nearly three-quar- ters of the Greek people. In a cen- tury the population has quintupled, the area trebled, now more than six mil- | lions of Greeks live on a territory of 50,000 square miles, a state slightly Jarger than New York. The larger rt of the kingdom of Philip of Mace- sm. father of Alexander the Great, has been merged with the classical Greece. ‘True, there have been disappoint- ‘The last war resulted in the | rapidly approac! Macedonia and the Bulgarians are now ‘D:luy a little fraction of the total popu- on. Wi the gigantie task of reorgan- Sy gecate gt ot nere, million and a half Greeks of Asia Minor the land, with the aid of foreign loans obtained th the League of Na-| lons Mmmamd by Americans. t Trade and commerce have recovered from the paralysis of 10 years of war culminating in defeat and revolution. ‘The Danish definitely climinated from Athens, with its port of the has great modern city with a hing a million. Salon- iki, rebuilt since the great fire, has more than a quarter of a million and is rapidly repla~ing Constantinople in commercial importance. Republic Six’ Years Old. The Venizelos of peace abroad e has made enor- er. Minor of nearly 1,500,000 Greeks, | of ye descendants of the inhabitants of the Greek cities which were Hellenic @8 far back as the Persian wars. But exchange Greece sent away the ‘Turk settlers in Macedonia and Eastern Thrace, and the influx of the Asiatic Greeks gave new expansion to Athens and Saloniki, Credit Goes to Venizelos. ‘This Greater Greece is largely the ‘work of one man, Venizelos, the Cretan school teacher, who a generation ago, following the disasters of the Greco- Turkish War of the 80s undertook the T i o & -3 ol EEE g § § i g gk Hellenic population Efl §§;§§= é . | we might look in on it. EDITORIAL SECTION he Sundwy Star. WASHINGTON, D. C, SUNDAY MORNING, JUNE 22, 1930. Unseen Hand Sells “Dope” Power of Drug Dispensers in High Places of the Nations Is Evidenced at Geneva. WHERE GREAT BATTLE AGAINST DRUGS WILL BE FOUGHT, THE NEW HOME OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS. : —Drawn for The Sunday Star by Devitt Welsh. BY ALBIN E. JOHNSON. ENEVA.—The unseen hand that has blocked nearly every move for effective international con- trol of the “dope” traffic, the illicit trade in which has grown by leaps and bounds during the past decade, until it now represents téns of millions of dollars annually in for the illicit traders, apparently again stacked the cards and as- sured in ‘advance the failure of the mueh-heralded conference scheduled for e bodies—the Assembly, permanent opium ad- and the general aged in the in- al | the parley. by the thousands are appearing in | Hague every country of the world. Addicts Multiply in Egypt. ‘Ten years there were no drug ad- Pasha (B pe of the Egyptian police), as a result of the ac- . | traffic, , | structed the League commission and the tivities of Swiss smugglers, there are more than 500,000 dope flends in Egypt, out of a total population of 13,000,000. In other words, more than 4 per cent of the populatign has been victimized. Peasant and proprietor, alike, have fal- len for the vicious habit and a decrease of 20 per cent in the production of cot- ton has been a direct result of the vice. ‘Without delving deeply—because when one dg! into certain aspects of the dope traffic one is prone to obvious deductions which might be embarrass- ing—two startling facts are apparent from a perusal of the official records (public and private) in Geneva. The first is the recent action of the League Council, which has seriously jeopardized the chances for success in the coming international conference of 25 nations called to devise a method for controlling the manufacture of habit-forming drugs. Russia, one of Europe’s most impor- tant potential producers of narcotics, has not been invited to participate in Leatue Assembly Takes Action. ‘The last League Assembly, awakening to the terrible social menace of the dope in nd mistakable terms in- Council to prepare lans for a confer- ence which was to sf the gaps in The e and Geneva opium treaties. ' The May Council issued orders for the convening of the conference and fi::lben! tely m&d Rl:&;el: from the o count to be in- vited. m sources whose reliabllity cannot_be questioned it is known that the decision to leave Russia out was taken at & private meeting of & Council subcommittee (com; of M. Marin- kovitch, foreign minister of Jugoslavia and president of the council, and rep- resentatives of Finland, Italy and Ja- an). The suggestion not to invite usisa was made by the Japanese dele- gate, who gave as his reason the fact that Rusisa had sarcastically rejected the League’s invitation to the oplum conferences of 1925-26. How futile those conferences proved to be was at- tested by the fact that the American and Chinese delegations left in disgust before the final conference was finished. On the surface it is obvious that the council subcommittee would have it ;&- ar that the sole reason for not invit- g Russia is to avoid another “sarcastic rejection.” Nevertheless, the League has since invited Moscow to parti- cipate in several Geneva pourparlers the Russians have formally and polite- ly accepted. In no case was the ity of either the League or Russia involved. Russia Internationally Excluded. ‘The only logical deduction is that Russia is not wanted at the coming con- ference. One reason why she not wanted might be that, should a menace to the financial interests of drug manufacturers appear, the old argument that all manufacturing countries were not_represented might be resurrected. There is another story noised around It refers to nasty charges of Japanese activities in Formosa and Man- churia, where many drug factories are to have been established recent years. ‘Were to come to might be able to reveal many that are happening in the Far Bast. in | Germany, France, Britain and are the leading manufacturing Geneva conference they | tries. How the Council will before the next Assembly in regard to Russia’s omission the list will be an interesting development to follow. ‘The da has been done, however, and a belated invitation to Russia now would certainly be met with a curt re- Jjection and perhaps a more or less jus- tified charge of insincerity. Nations in Invited List. ‘The countries to which Sir Eric Drummond, secretary general of the League, is sending invitations, as a re- sult of the Council’s orders, are: Mexico, I‘U‘Ivl. ‘Turkey and the United States (all non-members of the League), Aus- tria, Belgium, Canada, China, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hun- and | gary, Italy, real | medical are involved will be at Geneva to pro- tect them. Persia, Turkey, Holland, Peru, Uruguay and Jugoslavia are pro- ducers of cocoa leaves and crude petro- leum, the raw material for cocaine, morphine and heroin. Ewfl-le;llfld. apan ‘Heir to Throne’ Brazil’s Pride How Prestes Triumphed Over Campaign Issue and Offers Friendship to World. BY EDWARD TOMLINSON. N _a peaceful Spring night last September a Unlted"hshm gl.phmam officer and I were Club {n had talked of such things as foods, novelists, wild animals and many other unrelated topics, when my friend suddenly remembered that an impor- tant meeting, a national political con- vention, was scheduled to take place that very evening. He suggested that Maybe there be something of interest. As we hurried along the beautiful Avenida Rio Branco toward the Monroe Palace, where the gathering was being held, a stranger would never have guessed that the Grand Old Party—the of tradition, conservatism and big iness, the party that had been in power ever since the founding of the republic—was meeting a few blocks away to nominate its candidate for the presidency of the land. The city was fectly normal; the same gay but promenaders, the same groups lolling the comfortable chairs of the sidewalk cafes sipping their after dinner and |coffee. There were no electioneering groups parading val, | banners, badges and fancy hats, no Prince Eugene of Sweden Makes Exhibit Of Paintings for First Time Since 1925 STOCKHOLM.—Sweden's royal artist, works since 1925, the exhibition has at- tracted wide attention. ,, dramatist and poet and “the Swedish Academy, Nyheter that fERRE, I at Vi residence, and at Oergarden, are among the finest and most beau- tiful in Sweden. Frenchman in Honor List Holds Switchman’s Job delegations, no with Such is the Brazilian way. ‘The convention itself was just as much a reversal of North American tradition. Imagine a national party convention with the delegates in eve- ning dress. Imagine such a gathering that was not yelling its head off, where, when the gavel sounded, there was im- mediate order and attention. I could scarcely believe my eyes and ears, were beautifully brief; and debate began without de~ lay, and nt came shortly after midnight, the convention having completed its work in less than four hours. And we think our South American friends are slow. We've heard that manana dictates their hab- its and activities. Nominating speeches were eloguent and fervid, but short and to the point, delivered with few in- terruptions. Delegates and speakers showed the greatest deference to one another, bowing and smiling at oppon- ent or colles at the mere reference to his name or position—the word “his" is entirely accurate, as women do not mcsp-u as yet in political conven- in Brazil. Greeted With Applause. ‘The nomination was greeted by wave after wave of deafening applause. The name of Dr. Julio Prestes Albu- querque, the candidate, ‘brought forth the first evidence of un- Testrained Several unoffi- cial visitors led “Hip, ), hoorays.” Some one in an upper turned loose a deluge of rose petals. For a moment the place took on the appear- ance of an indoor carnival. But it all DR. JULIO PRESTES, THE PRESIDENT-ELECT OF BRAZIL. —Drawn for The Sunday Star by 8. J, Woolf, Unlike many Brazilian statesmen and ticians ith American republics after his election and is going to l’urog:c for a_brief time before hurrying k to Bragil for his inauguration. ‘The Unif States has seen Brazil's President-elect, but North America knows little of his background or per- sonality. Dr. Julio Prestes de Al- buquerque_comes of distinguished an- cestors. The Albuquerques were ccl- onizers‘in the North and South. They were leaders in the campaigns b of Dom Pe 11 and the over- throw of the empire, he was for nearly & decade a member of the National background and tradition, it is no won- der t Julio Prestes has been identi- fied with Sao Paulo throughout his entire career. He went to the public schools and then to the old classic college known as the Faculty of Seo Paulo. In the latter he was a student of law for five years. col visitors guests. m.mdmnfil. espe- Tat Tor postey. and’ wits Terics penc] lor i of unusual wcl:,!: some of whlch]irel: T practice of law and the contemplation of poli- tics and stat claimed his bt | arm; ly itself | make JIM REED SEEN HOPELESS AS CANDIDATE IN 1932 Speech of Wholesale Denunciation at Sedalia Held to Seal Fate if Ex-Senator Should Aspire. BY MARK SULLIVAN. NE night this month ex-Sena- tor Jim Missourians, at & meeting at Sedalia, together with a Na- radio audience, with the lfilllc‘l oration of old- it had been heard ime of Willlam . exercised to the the franchise always possessed the party out of power, to “denounce and deplore.” (The party in power, naturally, having the exclusive fran- chise for the “We-commend-and-point- with-prides.”) There has rarely been 80 wholesale a denunciation as ex- Senator Jim's. He denounced the tariff and the radio trust, the naval treaty and the Anti-Saloon League. Of the latter he said, in one of those fine old- fashioned sentemces that give a thrill to the susceptible. “They promised a millennium of virtue; they have given us a saturnalia of vice.” The Missouri statesman denounced President Hoover and Secretary Mellon, the “march of " and the banks and trust the chain stores and, nate Republican party. Ex- Senator Jim even denounced without them, some persons very prom- in his own Democratic party, t expedients.” The common terpretation was that this icular “dirty look” from Reed was directed at those Democrats—they are quite ex- quasi-protective-tariff plank should be written into the last Democratic na- tional platform. The writer of this article knows who that was, but if Senator Jim would not mention any names, obviously the present writer should be even more cautiously reticent. Differences in Effect. ‘To_the writer of this article Reed’s speech had two main points of interest. peech. Most of the persons within the writer's acquaintance who listened to it over the radio thought it was quite agreeable. And yet it is hard to tell. Would any one actually cast his vote, one way or the other, because of that scintil- lating tirade? Importance of Headlines. ‘The other outstanding and important —in a particular way—aspect of Reed's speech, was the headlines in the news- papers the following morning. In many newspapers the headlines, and in some text, described Reed as an apparen many such—who wish to be well in- formed about the Democratic national situation, can safely begin by crossing Reed off the list of the possibilities. Reed himself knows he is not a possi- bility, and for that reason is, of course, not an aspirant; if he were an as- glrlnt, quite possibly he would not ave made so good & speech, for as- pirants are cautious, “cagey.” A man who thinks he has a chance to get the presidential nomination in either y rarely ever throws all his inhibitions to the wind, rarely opens the throttle and says exactly what he thinks or feels about practically every pertinent the sun. Mflk‘;“m it 1s a fact he A a was an aspirant in 1928. That 1928 episode was not a enterprise for Reed when he , rather desperately, to slip in as a comj between the wet Gov. Smith and the (who was the dry contender against Smith for the Democratic nomination in 19287 How many readers, offhand, can re- member his name?) That 1928 epi- sode alone is enough to rule Reed out al tion was under way. There, plain presence of the thousand dele- gates who compose the backbone of the Democratic party in every county in the country, and literally under the eyes of every Democrat of any im- rtance in the United States; Reed, th publicly and -privately began ne- gotiations with the drys. As late as 48 hours preceding the naming of the candidate, Reed was holding mm fer- fin Reed as & possibility with both drys Possibly it was just as well and the country. Reed was left free to make the kind of speech he made the other night. Besides, Reed is 68 years old. By 1933, when the next President will be alted in rank—who dictated that a| offi country and a sentence of man. real Democrat presidential possibilities for 1932 compose a definite and rather small group. An elder statesman among the Democratic lead- ers made a compilal firgin fikee ot Young. From these three one dropped solely for the reason says he must be Owen D. may making n formal and authoritative, that he will not consider the presidentia nomination. One of his reasons, the principal one, is that there is a field, business, ‘which he knows well and in Whlwkhnhe ull"ll 1be m‘u;i:lthh.: he does not know politics and that he p: to remain where he can W'n.h confidence in himself. ‘To describe the fleld in which Young fun: n-zd which he , interna- tional relations in the political sense g0 hand In hand with international Telations in the economic sense. There Young is at home. There he (Continued on Third Page.) BERLIN.—Many complaints are be« ing made about the excessive cost of the military e - ment. In a recent leading article in luxuriousness of the Reichswehr is crit- lcized unsparingly. It appears that in the fiscal year 193 are being spent on an army of 100,000 men and for a navy of 15,000 men. In year mon- 1929 the total was 738,000,000 marks. Says Herr Stein: archy spent only three-quarters The Relchswehr's cost this year 15 515,000,000 marks, “Over half a billion marks per for an army of 100,000 men! The billion in 1913—a year of furious ton—on 500,000 Prussian army is responsible. “But_we dispose of this argument when we compare personnel expenses for 1930 with the same nrua for 1913—185,000,000 then and 227,000,000 symptomatic: 100,000 Reichswehr men now. What is left is interesting and cost 288,000,000 for outlay on material, and 500,000 men in the Prussian draft cost only 603,000,000. 2,880 marks a head—in pro- with an empty national h taxes and serious the Tageblatt by Guenther Stein the | Rel 788,000,000 marks | Prussi Berlin Populace Protests Rising Cost of German Army year of preparation, 1913, ex penditure for arms, munitions, supplies and maintenance of the reserves was 65,700,000 marks. In 1930, under the ichswehr law, restricting the muni- tons supplies, 95,000,000 was spent for an army only a fifth as large as the old an army.” The writer ‘also calls attention to the appro ht;.lomm ltg‘ nlm Reichswehr's participation the Olympic games of 1932. "He says that the 1929 charge of 30,000 marks been increased to 50,000 1°§ mflg. -:kn‘; this_expenditure train for athletic laurels gratis, it m; have to?” Excavation in Italy Bares Old Inscription