Evening Star Newspaper, May 6, 1930, Page 8

"A-S8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Fdition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY..........May 6, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company . 110 East 42nd St :"14 Regent St.. London. Ot A Riand. Rate by Carrier Within the City 2 ... . 45¢ter month d_Sunday Star al 4 Sundays) 60c per month 'and Sunday tar e ndays) 65c oer month The Sunday Star . L.l... 5 per copy Collection made at the end of each month Orders may be sent in by mail or felephone NAtonal £000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, Ili' lhi} Sunday 1‘ Vl'.l,lg% :‘r:g.g”‘»g N e ; !k?l‘! I!onohli L 1¥r. $4.00: 1 mo.. 40c All Other States and Canada. fly and Sunday..lyr..$1200: 1 mo.. §100 iy RO X unda; only .. ¥ $8.00: 1 mo.. 15¢ y only . Iyr.. $5.00: 1 mo. 60¢ Member of the .ussociated Press. The Assoctated Press is exclusively entitied to the use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to It or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and aiso the local news published herein All rights of publication of speciai dispatches herein are also vererved. Increase the Judges! It is doubtful if any single member of Congress has devoted more time and study to the c2uses of congestion of (hzi District Supreme Court than Repre- sentative Simmons of Nebraska. His sympathy with the legislation, now pend- ing, for the addition of two more judges to this court, and his determination to fighf for its passage, will prove of valuable assistance, Mr. Simmons’ alle- giance is helpful to eny cause. The days arc already nearing when Congress must hasten action on this | and other local measures to prevent | their loss in the log jam that always marks the closing hours of a session. ‘The bill for two more judges has been favorably reported from the House ju- diciary committee and is on the House calendar. On the other side of the Capitol, the bill is in the hands of a sub- committee of the Senate judiciary com- mittee. The House may take action on the measure next Monday. Its passage by the House should serve to expedite its action through committee in the S°nate, and it+is to be hoped that the House will act favorably. ‘It 15 improbable that the strong friends of the District in Congress who urge this legislation believe that the mere addition of two judges will auto- matically clear up the accumulated litigation. But the additional judges will help greatly, and nothing should be delayed that will assist in curing the disgraceful conditions that now exist. The District Supreme Court was es- tablished in 1863 with five judges. Be- iween 1879 and 1880 it was reorgan- ized and given six judges. Until 1920— an interval of half a century—the number of judges remained at six, and, according to Justice Hitz, “the busi- ness_of the court increased like the traffic on the streets” The court is a court of general original jurisdic- tion, with all the jurisdiction of & Federal court, a Federal district court in the States and all the jurisdiction of a State court of general ¥ isdic- tion. Because this is the se' 4 the Federal Government, it ha. @ Merge and growing jurisdiction that no other court has anywhere. These facts, to- gether with the unhappy conditions that have resulted, should be generally known by mow. There is no contro- versy with the merits of the legislation. Its passage, while there is time, should be hastened. o The First Day of Dialing. Downtown Washington probably en- Joyed its mew toy yesterday. The dial telephone was & source of great enter- tainment for thousands of people who played with it with all the zest of a boy with a new red wagom Despite warn- ings and pleas by the telephone com- pany, the new device was handled as a * plaything, and in consequence all rec- ords were broken for local telephony, more than 234,000 dial calls being made ‘within four hours through the three ex- changes that are now equipped. Natu- rally this tremendous volume of phon- ing congested the system and slowed up the service, mechanical and manual. As & result there probably are some today ‘who feel that the dial system is not successful in point of certainty or ex- pedition. But even a few hours showed a difference yesterday, the afternoon service being much speedier than in the morning, the play spirit having exhaust- ed itself to a large extent. Indeed, when | only necessary calls were made those using the dials found the service prompt and, but for some derangements due to tinkering with the apparatus, certain. ‘Taken altogether, the first day of dial- ing in Washington was satisfactory. The system withstood the strain of a heavy volume of experimental calling, and| probably by the end of today enough Jocal phone users will have become ac- quainted with the dials for downtown | use to assure a smooth and satisfactory service when the new system is extended throughout all the exchange: R A T No one can suspect J. Hamilton Lewis | of being the kind of man who is ruled | by mercenary infliences. appearing smooth shaven, he could | name his own price for writing safety | razor testimonials. - Canada Hits Back. When President Hoover summoned Congress in special session for farm relief and “limited” tariff revision in April, 1929, he specifically pleaded for a decent regard for the interests of foreign nations with which we trade. He mentioned no country in particular, but Mr. Hoover could hardly fail to | have been thinking of Uncle Sam's best customer, the Dominion of Canada, which buys $1,000,000,000 worth of American goods annually. Congress ignored the President’s in- functions to confine tariff changes to a “limited” number. It is about to enact a sweeping revision. Canada contends that some $75,000,000 of her 400,000,000 export to the United States will be cut off by the Hawley-Smoot schedules. The Dominion is irked in particular by the system of counter- vailing duties placed in the new law, against the direct pleadings of the State Department, which pointed out that these provisos “seemed to bé de- vised primarily with reference to our trade with Canada.” Congress refused { €5 hesd Acting Sccrelary Cott"n's ad- kindiing for the flames, and, starting dat wasn’ much of a beginner in de fronted wif | undertaken under Mr. Borah's sponsor- certain to invite reprisals were written into the bill. ‘Without waiting for the new law to come into effect, the Canadian gov- ernment has struck back. It has pro- mulgated and already put into force an extensive series of Canadian coun- tervailing duties which can, and will, be invoked against corresponding duties levied against Canadian exports to other countries, Thus the Dominion seems to shift the responsibility for Canadian-American tarifft hostilities upon our shoulders. It says to us, in so many words, that Canada will im- pose extra burdens on American goods sent to her only in the event Canadian goods sent to us are subjected to coun- ‘;‘r\l!lmg duties on this side of the rder. While some $300,000,000 worth of American exports arc potentially affect- | ed by Canada’s plans, it is not ex- pected by authorities that American trade as a matter of fact will be dam- aged to any appreciable percentage of that volume. What Canada buys from us is largely of the character of in- dispensable goods. Preferential rates on British imports and the deliberate pol- jcy of widened ‘“inter-empire” trade which the Mackenzie King govern- ment at Ottawa has set out to promote are mot likely to cause a reduction of | Canadian purchases of our wares to any disastrous extent, Even if such a result were to ensue, it would be insignificant compared to the far greater damage to Canadian- American friendship. Anything savor- ing of tariff conflict between our great border neighbor and ourselves would be nothing short of a calamity if it were to undermine our mutual relations. | We pride ourselves upon being & busi- ness nation as well as an idealistic one. Commercial nations should com- port themselves as business men do. What business men never do is de- liberately to aggravate or irritate their patrons, to say nothing of their best one, In the case of a customer, who is in addition a friendly neighbor, the excuse for ungenerous treatment is im- measurably less, | | ———— Sift the Charges! Charges that Federal judgeships and other Federal offices are being used as bait to win senatorial votes for | the confirmation of Judge John J.| Parker as associate justice of the Su-| preme Court have been made on the ! floor of the Senate. The charges have | been made by Senator Ashurst of Ari- zona, an opponent of Judge Parker. Senator Ashurst said that no offer of any appointments had been made to him. His information was, he said, that such offers had been made to| other members of the Senate. It is a| serious charge and one that should be sifted. It is a charge that should never have been made unless Senator Ashurst had substantial proof upon which to base his statement. As Sen- | ator Fess of Ohio pointed out during | the stormy Senate debate, the President alone has the power to appoint to Fed- eral judgeships. The Arizona Senator immediately denied that he had referred tQ President Hoover when he said that | Federal judgeships were offered as bribes to vote for Judge Parker's con- firmation. The implication, therefore, is that some one else, some one pre- sumably in a position to be able to “deliver,” has offered to one or more Senators a Federal judgeship, Charges are easy to make. Charges of all kinds are made on the floor of the Senate, where immunity from prose- cution for libel is guaranteed by law. For that very reason Senators should be | careful to ascertain all the facts before they make charges which may blast | reputations for honesty and upright- ness. In the present case, however, Senators who believe that they have been offered Federal judgeships as li price for voting for the confirmation of Judge Parker should be able to stand up in the Senate and say so. To spread a rumor of this character, with | nothing to back it up, sounds like an effort to draw a red herring across the | trail in order to throw the Senate off its proper track. Senator Ashurst has suggested that the Senate lobby com- mittee call members of the Senate be- fore it to ask each member whether an effort has been made to bribe him by promise of Federal office to vote for Judge Parker. The lobby committee so far has confined itself to the investiga- tion of one member of the Senate, Sen- ator Bingham of Connecticut. Inter- rogating Senators is not a popular pastime. & The administration has been charged with playing politics with the appoint- ment of Judge Parker because of a| letter written by Assistant Secretary Dixon of the Interior Department to Walter Newton, one of the President’s | secretaries, declaring that the appoint- ment of Parker would be a “master political stroke.” The Attorney General, writing now to Senator Stephens of Mis- sissippl, asserts that the letter was never brought to the attention of President Hoover and that politics had nothing to do with the selection of Judge Pmker.[ The country is not ready to believe that either Attorney General Mitchell or President Hoover would tell an untruth in regard to this letter. So the implica- tion that politics was the governing motive in the appointment of Judge matter of fact, there is a great deal a(, pointment, and if his nomination be not confirmed by the Senate it will be be- cause of politics rather than because of ny lack of qualification on the part of Judg: Parker. e A number of Senators have included themselves in what is known as the “Borah group.” Recalling the refund ship, a new slogan may be evolved: “Satisfaction guaranieed or money Te- turned!” e Costly Spring Fires. Reports continue to bring accounts of serious devastation by fire in the Eastern States. Tens of thousands of Acres are being swept by the flames in forest land and many villages and towns have been caught in the sweep of the fires, with heavy destruction of property. The cause of this extraordi- nary prevalence of fire in the seaboard States is the drought. Rainfall is fifty per cent below normal this season, and in consequence the ground is dry and underbrush is like tinder. The leaves THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY, MAY 6 1e8. - ' NG STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY, MAY 6, 1930. Y _— 1 lessly thrown matches and cigarutes, the fires have spread swiftly and de- structively. ‘These fires are not in isolated regions, but are in most cases close to habita- tions and along highways. It is alto- gether probable that they have been started by pleasure parties afoot in the woods or motoring on the roads. A glowing cigarette stump tossed out of a moving car may easily start a flame in dry material on the roadside, which, running with the wind, will get into woodland area and in a very short time set acres aflame. Surely these fires do not start by spontaneous combustion or the sun's heat. The hand of man is responsible in every case, and it is usually a heedless hand. It is too =oon to estimate the damage that has been done by these Spring fires. It will doubtless mount high into the millions. More than eight thou- sand acres have been burned over in | the Frederick, Md., watershed. At pres- ent over 52,000 acres have been burned in Southern New Jersey. A dozen towns in Suffolk County, Long Island, have been damaged and property of high value destroyed. Heavy loss has been suffered in Staten Island. Nassau, N. H, has 1,500 homeless people as a result of a blaze there that cost more than $4.000,000. These are but a few of the items in the fire toll in forest and in town and the tale is not con- cluded. Only a general rain through- out the Eastern seaboard can definitely put an end to this sad vistation. —_— e The Retirement Bill Delay. Those who have the fate of retire- ment legislation in their hands are sincere men who, of course, realize the obligation of the Congress to the thou- | sands of Federal employes in the matter of liberalizing the retirement act. They must readily appreciate the fears of these employes that another session will go without witnessing action that will bring relief. To show that these fears are groundless, the conferees on the Dale-Lehlbach bill should hasten their agreement. It will be recalled that with the Dale bill safely through the Senate and with the House ready for the bill in what- ever form it was received from commit- tee, President Hoover and Mr. Lehlbach decided that the new measure subse- quently passed by the House should be substituted for the less drastic Dale bill. The Federal employes were ready for either. They were afraid, however, that substitution of the new Lehlbach meas- ure would tie things up. The Presi- dent’s outspoken indorsement of the new Lehlbach bill, however, was accepted as a sort of tacit guarantee that the sub- stitution would not act to the disadvan- tage of the employes. Has it? The conferees, committed to | the principle of liberalization, have failed to get down to brass tacks and stick to their job—if one may judge by the progress written since the bill went to conference. - This may be because the relatively intricate features of the new Lehlbach bill require time to master. But there has been time enough for that. It is unthinkable that Congress again will allow this measure to fail, after holding out all the promise and hope In the world for its passage. e Conservation has been making an in- | telligent and courageous struggle. There is still woodland enough left in the Eastern States to provide that pic- turesque form of disaster, the forest fire. | ———a—— Bandits are being bombed from air- planes in Nicaragua. Being unidenti- fied, the bandits may be of the kind that call themselves revolutionists with- | out the ability to live up to the title, e In India salt has been the subject of | as much tariff agitation as has been caused in other parts of the world by sugar. e The primary system does a large share in causing long and arduous cam- palgns. It is one of the great assistants in the business of nerve specialists. ———— SHOOTING STAB-S.~ BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Honest Deserving. Policemen ought to draw more pay! We hear it mentioned every day. They have to know all kinds of laws Abcut where motor cars may pause, And show their calisthenic charms At crossings where they wave their arms, As wise detectives they must show More knowledge than Gaboriau, And no enthusiasm lose In following clues and still more clues. They have to greet a man who's tight ‘With manner firm and still polite; Arrest the burglar and the cheat, And guard the children in the street. ‘Who will deny us when we say Policemen ought to draw more pay? Exceptions, “Americans are inclined to entertain a high regard for anything that costs a lot of money.” “Not always” answered Senator Sorghum. “With a seat in the United States Senate it's liable to be not at all that way.” Jud Tunkins says good citizens ought By simply | Parker, sought to be made by the OPRO- | 4 take an interest in politics. Even | nents of his nomination, falls. As a| if you regard it as a game of chance, that's no excuse for making it a riff- | “political” opposition to the Parker ap- | .o’ Joy of Expression. And still we gaze In wonderment Upon the ways Of discontent. Perhaps it pays An frate gent A voice to raise Thus eloquent! Consideration. “Why didn't you buy the new car you were looking at?” “Because of my generous disposition,” answered Mr. Chuggins. “The sales- man seemed to think so well of it I hated to deprive him of it.” “Ill Luck,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “represents a kindly super- stition. It is the name of the god who comforte us with excuses.” Saving Influences. How dull our copversations! How fraught with dull regrets, 1f there were no League of Nations; If there were no drys or wets! “Whenever you see a quitter.” sald of last year and fallen branches are Uncle Eben, “you's liable to see a man Samution. The clauses which were from accidental causes, such as care- fust place.” | known. ‘What the heart writes, the mind will understand; what the brain writes, it may not. That is why Thornton Wilder was right when he spoke of “the simple notation of the heart.” The emotions still remain the main- spring of human conduct. The search of life is for happiness, but the main thing is not happiness, but to know when one is happy. | Nor will happiness come out of any| number of machines, else this age would | be the happlest for human beings ever o o Emotions are feelings which stir or| shake up, as the Latin derivation from| “emovere, emotum,” shows. The dictionary (most unemotional of creations) defines an emotion as “any of the feelings of joy, grief, fear, hate, love, awe, reverence; any of the feel- ings aroused by pleasure or pain, ac- tivity or repose.” Emotion, Webster tells us, is con- sciousness attendant upon other forms of consciousness (as perception or idea- tion) to which it gives their feeling tone. This ‘“feeling tone” is the emotion, the last arbiter, after all, of thoughts and deeds, the true custodian of happi- ness. * ¥ ok K One of the finest things about the emotions is that essentially they have no_self-consciousness about them. The animals have their emotions, the same as we do. ‘They hate, show joy. even grief, and possess many of the other emotions de- pendent upon the states of pleasure or pain, activity or repose. Pleasure, pain, activity, repose— those may be called the “big four” of everyday life; for, with dictionaryish comprehensiveness, they take in almost everything a human being can be or do. In these activities animals and men are brothers under the skin. It is scarcely possible to believe that a hu- man being knows more joy upon re- union with a friend than does one's honest dog Tige when he hears his master’s footsteps coming up the drive. Yet this joy is not dependent upon self-consciousness, for the dog has none. He does not know that he is a dog or that his master is a man. In these re- lationships he has no problems at all but accepts life as it comes—one time a caress, anoth‘er*n blow. o And there have not been wanting philosophers to suggest that the ani- mals have decidedly the best of it, too. But the matured thought of humanity decides that self-consciousness, permit- ting the entrance of good and bad, sin and rectitude, was not a bad thing, after all. It must be accepted (principally be- cause there is no getting out of it) with the understanding that it adds both to the sorrow and joy of life, that it gilds both the pain and the pleasure, heightens the activity and softens the repose, But it is not emotion in itself. The seasible man is not ashamed of | his emotions, but rejoices In them, knowing that they are a part of the divine plan, as mysterious and non- understandable as that plan is. ‘Where one may not know he may feel, and where he may feel he may live; and, what is more, he may know distinctly that he is alive. OLOGNE GAZETTE—The ap- palling increase in the number of automobile accidents is get- ting the attention of the en- tire country. No longer arc traffic accidents confined to the cities. Just as many and just as serious ones are occurring in the rural districts Since the death of the assistant build ing commissioner, Herr Schilling, and public counselor, Dr. Vossen, victims of collision at a highway intersection near Dorsten, provincial authorities, both in Munsterland and in Wesphalia, are con- sidering how these road crossings can best be protected. It is unfortunate that action was not taken at a much earlier date. It is now very much like the circumstances of !covering the well after the child has \fallen into it. The highway crossing, for instance, where the two gentlemen described met their death has long been | considered one of the most dangerous {in the whole district of Munster, yet it was absolutely unmarked. There was not even a sign of the usual crossed | | boards to indicate the intersection of the two roads at this point. * k k x Tuberculosis Spreads in Rural Districts, El Sol, Madrid—Though life in the country and exposure to fresh air all the time are supposed to be some of the means most effective in combating consumption and preventing it, yet the fact remains, through some paradox, that people living in the country are Just as susceptible to the disease, and there are just about as many cases, proportionately, in the rural districts as in the urban. In fact, pulmonary tu- berculosis is increasing faster in rural districts than it is in the citles. This is due, no doubt, to the absence of all the sanitary and hygienic regimen that has been adopted in the cities of the world. People living on farms do not have their food and drink examined and certified |88 in cities. Many of them drink water that would not be tolerated in any mu- nicipality. Then, too, in the cities the possibilities of contagion are minimized and people afflicted with tuberculosis are segregated as much as possible, so the disease will not be communicated to other members of their families. Be- sides, the victims have opportunities to receive the best treatments for the dis- ease knpwn to medical science, a means of restoration almost wholly lacking in the country. Some reasons assigned for the in- crease of patients in the rural districts is that the country people, as a rule, do not have much leisure or 1epose. Those with the disease need complete rest. Ancther is that patients from the city go to the country for their health and, coming in contact with the rural dwell- ers, expose them to whatever infection is communicable in this disease. The increasing frequency of the visits of the country people to the cities also lowers their resistance to the malady. Sani- tary arrangements in some communities of the same type they were 500 years ago enhance these dangers to heaith. R May Be Tried For Reckless Driving. Cork Weckly Examiner—In the Northern Ireland House of Commons re- cently on the committee stage of the motor vehicles bill, a compromise was reached on the clause which lays it down that a motor-driver acquitted of manslaughter may be charged, and, if convicted, imprisoned for two years, for the lesser offense of reckless driving. The government offered to reduce the sntence of two jears to six months, but it was held that this would reduce the penalty too materially and that public safety would be better protected by a heavier penalty for those acquitted of the charge of manslaughter, but still morally responsible for the death. R Funds Lacking To Purchase English Books. ‘The Observer, London.—The Turkish government has made English compul- sory in the schools, and the younger generation are taking great interest in learning it. In the t, German Was th_ principal foreign language stressed, due to the weighty influence of the German government, and more lately French has been pushed by Parisian diplomats and _bureaucrats. English, now coming to the fore, finds itself con. handicaps which the other Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Childhood is a period of unrestrained | emotions, young manhood is a time of their repression, middle age the period for regaining the emotional content of living, and old age the time for making the best of them. The time will come, if it is not here, for making the sentimentalist the judge of life, not the butt of sneers. Too long has th man or woman of emo- tional temperament been held up to the scorn of the realist, as he chooses to call himself. Such people are the salt of the earth, for they keep alive in the machine age the things of the human spirit. It is they who are responsible for great hospitals where the maimed and unfortunate whom relentless efficiency would doom to quick extinction are treasured against the day of judgment. * K Kk ‘The mind is cruel, the emotions have the opportunity of being kind. One loves with the heart, not with the mind, There is no why or where- fore with love, but only a simple un- derstanding of the fact of itself. It is this simplicity, this determina- tion along one road, which has ever fi&;n[aunded the hard thinkers of this . It stands utterly above expediency, knows nothing of subterfuge. It calls itself love at one end and affection at the other, but it is the same everywhere and always; and if it is not, it 'is not love, but its counter- feit, of which many exist. A One has but to think of the great books of the world, the most sublime music, to know that emotion, not in- telligence, is at their very heart's core. While men like to pretend that intelli- gence is the root of all good and evil, attributing masterpieces to mind at work, the truth would seem to be that mind, great as it is is but the instru- ment of execution. The real work is done by the emo- tions, working through the mind and nerves. What palpitating, shaking emo- tions besieged Isaijah when he wrote the grand poetry which goes by his name! (We are aware that some think he was not one man, but many men, but it makes no difference.) ‘The power of the Bible lies not in its intellectual content, but in its emo- tion, clothed in such language as only comes to writers when hearts and minds are deeply stirred. * ok ok K ‘Think of the great books of all ages, large and small, whether of Rome, Gree "ndia, England, France, Amer- ica, ~ of the first century of our era e latest, and you will de- cide .notions alone ~possess the Powes suake a work great, and espe- cially to hold them firm in the esteem of readers of all generations. We love and hope because these emo- tions come natural to' men, and we use our brains and muscles in accordance with their dictates; and then in pride we attribute the result to mind and muscle. But pleasure and pain, activity and repose, with their attendant complexi- ties, still hold the helm of life. Einstein's theory may gain our attention during peaceful hours, but when the clouds darken we ask for the simple heart- ache of “Lead, Kindly Light.” books in Turkey are very scarce and very dear. The people are pretty poor, and there must be many in England who would be only too glad to send books for the youths who have finished their English lesson manuals, but are stopp:=d in further pursuit of their stud- ies for lack of other reading matter, If any of our readers wish to send English books to Turkey they may be sent through the post in the ordinary way, in parcels of not more than two books, with the ends open so as to avold any trouble with the customs house, * ok % ox i Demand . Removal of Billboards. Imparcial, Montevideo.—The kiosks i1 the plazas of the city constitute an a front and jeopardy to the public. We insist on the necessity of eliminating all these obsolete, inartistic and insani- tary structures, which at most are mere- ly elaborate and bulky signboards, on which are posted notices of theatrical and other performances, stock reports, weather forecasts and other miscellany which everybody reads about in the pa- pers. These structures mar the beauty of our parks and plazas, making a veritable billboard out of some of our otherwise most attractive retreats. The kiosks should go! They serve no useful or esthetic purpose and offend the taste of Montevideo. . Book Treasure Should Be Bought for Nation From the Milwaukee Journal. Congress is asked to appropriate $1,- 500,000 for the purchase of the Vollbehr collection of 3,000 fifteenth century books, including the finest specimen of the Gutenberg Bible now in existence. The collection would be placed in the Library of Congress as & permanent ac- quisition of rare books for the Nation. A million and-a half dollars is a 7ood ly sum. But from the testimony of ex- perts who have been called the collec- tion is worth it, and more, The Guten- berg Bible alone, the only three-volume set of that first masterful printing that has come down to us, is valued at $1,000,000. That leaves $500,000 for the other 2,999 books, which include such documents as the celebrated letter of Columbus to the Queen of Spain. Earllest printed edi- tlons of Caesar, Cicero, Homer, Horace, Livy—the list is long and the collection as & whole is a priceless treasure. The next question, of course, is, even though the price be right, does America want to spend so much money on a book collection? We should be willing to do 50, especially when the opportunity comes to acquire the last great library of early books that may ever be offered. The Library of Congress, a national institution, housed in one of the most beautiful buildings in America, is a fit- ting place to deposit such a collection. The library now has many valuable ex- hibits, such as the library of Jefferson and the papers of Washingtdbn, But, due to congressional delay, it has lost many other opportunities. 'An instance was the failure of Congress to appropriate even $1,000 for the purchase of the orig- inal copy of Washington’s “Farewell Ad- dress,” and the manuscript was sold to & private collector for more than twice the sum. Congress should not miss the opportu- nity to bring to this country a collec- tion so rich in history, literature and the art of printing that, while its value must of necessity be measured in dollars, it is really priceless. r——— At the Club and Elsewhere? From the Lowell Evening Leader. ‘Whatever may be said of the game itself, it is evident that the raid at a Philadelphia cricket club caused some excitement. ot Like Stealing Gideon Bibles, From the New London Day. Somebody has stolen the corner stone of a church in Los Angeles. No doubt he figured “the better the stone, the better the theft.” — rden. “Easy Street” Identified. From the Akron Beacon Journal. ‘Then, too, you can rec Basy street by the crowd of old friends ap- two languages have overcome. lish | pearing with notes to be indorsed. NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM L G. M. EMERSON: The Enraptured Yankee. Regis Michaud. Translated by George Boas. Harper & Bros. ‘To pass in authority upon event or character throi;‘h fl}e ll’ged\um of h{s- tory or blograj only those are quali- flardy who%nfi {lou to the matter in hand either by way of racial tie or na- tional bond. A_worn-out notion. A claim whose | invalidity becomes immediately and strikingly clear in Ludwig, Maurols, Michaud and other recent recorders and artists of alien strain. It is easy to re- call, moreover, that in the eighteenth century quite a flock of French writers portrayed English men and affairs in a clarity of appraisal, of logic, of illumi- nating artistry not surpassed by even the most gifted of the native islanders. Intimacy of approach is likely to prove a beclouding medium. Family pride, so to speak, steps in to smooth the rough surface of truth, to round its sharp corners, to impose a myopic distortion to the true proportions of the study. The patriotic fervors of national preju- dice 'frequently serve to obscure the best power of annalist and artist. In evidence, see the emasculate Washing- ton to which the American Eeople have fallen heir, the impotent Jefferson, and many another great man turned to effigy through the unfortunate zeal of writers to provide g;n‘om and exam- ples for the use of those who come after. * % X X Reading Michaud's “Emerson” there slipped into my mind_that “flower in the crannied wall’—“I pluck you out of the crannies, hold you here, root and all, in my hand.” So, in the hand of this French writer is Emerson, “root and all.” Deep roots that go far back into English soil for their beginnings, into the soil of religion and politics and the overlordship of kings, into the rough uplands of protest and revolt, into the martyrdom of migration across wide and stormy seas into an alien land. Then, the Puritan in New Eng- land, these later roots of this “en- raptured Yankee.” Where under a cruel climate, thin soil, hard labor, gen- eral poverty, terrifying Indians, the God of the Puritan became ever more exacting, more jealous of happiness for the children of men. Moving forward M. Michaud reaches Ralph Waldo him- self, who with his immediate family has retreated from the rocky ground of the early Puritan practices and beliefs into the suaver and more humane field of the Unitarian persuasion. Not enough room here either for this par- ticular Emerson who, therefore, begins that lifelong journey toward the soli- tudes of nature, toward the aloofness of philosophic thought. To his neigh- borhood Emerson becomes a recluse. To the world he becomes a transpar- ency of thought through which may be seen a vision of man’s nature and des- tiny, of man’s relationship to the earth itself in the make-up of his body, the quality of his spirit, the source of his powers and their alliance with Emer- son’s conceptions of divinity even. It is through each phase of this retreating pilgrim that M. Michaud identifies himself in a zeal of companionship, of comprehension, of sympathy and some- times of compassion. Now and then he smiles at Ralph Waldo, for, indubitably, this New England sage # upon occasion provocative in that direction. like and sometimes childish. with public approval, with plaudits even. A shade vain, or so he would seem were he John Smith and not Ralph Waldo Emersen. It is such per- fect and complete comprehension on the part of Regis Michaud, coupled with so “good a sense of proportion and so clear a power of characterization that, for the first time, turns out a complete man, a rounded and bellev- able Emerson to take the place of the abstraction which so generally passes for the man himself. Understand, here is the full man in his great contribu- tion to the thinking of his day, of any day. Here he is set out in his wide reading and his considerable scholar- ship, in his independent views, in his revolutionary theories of somewha ‘—man'u design and destiny. But, with all this, are added just those man-traits and man-behaviors that bring him close by way of our own partakings in his clearly human ‘mpulses and reac- tions, We come to see, as it is im- portant that we should see, that here are two men, at least. The outer man takes a wife, two in the course of time, and begets children. As a house man, husband and father, he is rather pa- thetic or would be did we not know of the rich inner man from whom we have already learned to do a little of our own thinking, as he so clearly did all of his. From him we have taken courage to entertain even startling thoughts and convictions on the kinship of man to God, on the nature of both of these, on the future of this relationship under the amazing expansion of modern life in material ways and spiritual. A complete re-embodiment of Emer- son comes to us here by way of this study so peculiarly French in its sanity of view, in its demand for the whole man, in its competency to measure the con- tent and power of Emerson’s work, in its world sense of intellectual achieve- ment as a standard for this appraisal, in its freedom from sentimental or other emotional content. Then, so hu- manly understanding is the study. And, besides, it is of a beauty in its projec- tion that makes the book a delight for its readers, something like an inspira- ticn, also. Having finished the first reading of it, my next move was to gather Emerson himself from my book- shelves for a new adventure with the “enraptured Yankge,” and that, I take it, is fair measure of M. Michaud's service in a time when one has to wade through books or to walk around them, to crawl over them as they crowd about waiting each for its turn. * ok ok % EMILY DICKENSON: Friend and Neighbor. MacGregor Jenkins, Lit- tle, Brown & Co. ‘The year 1930 provides opportunity for centenary observances of the birth of Emily Dickenson, Within the past few years only the rebirth of this woman as & poet of power and distinc- tion has taken place. Dead and gane for almost half a hundred years, this New England poet is today accorded warm and wide recognition for the po- etic quality of her work. And because we are curious concerning those who are endowed with genius, that strange gift of the gods, we are at the mo- ment alert for any word about Emily Dickenson—any reliable word. For, like the markedly different ones every- where, more than one legend has sprung up about her. A recluse, hiding away within the house or the gardens of her | Amherst home, refusing to see people, a disappointed woman—victim of a love tragedy, so the eager sentimentalist whispers—all in all, a mysterious lady who but for her genius would long ago have been forgotten in a world of love- lorn women and men. Now, however, it appears to be the purpose of Emily Dickenson's friends to tell the story of her life as they saw it, as some of them took part in it. The book in hand is one of these documents of good intent and admirable fulfillment. MacGregor Jenkins, its author, was born in Am- hert. As a lad he knew Miss Dicken- son, then a woman in middle life. With the other children living close by, he used to visit her whose reluctance to meet grown people in no way extend- ed to the children. On the contrary, she loved them as they loved her. She was the best of playfellows, inventing many a surprise for them in the way of a new game or a fresh adventure. Art- ful with the cooky jar in their behalf, original in ways of leaving trails of paper for them to follow from the odd and puzzling legends written upon them. A most companionable friend to the children emerges from this back trail into his childhood taken by Mr. Jen- kins. And oddly enough, since the auther is not zrylnf to reshape Miss Dickenson on the lines of her later fame, there come into these plctures now and then glimpses of an eerie fig- ure—a woman, a child, a flower, a wing- ANSWERS TO This is a special department, devoted solely u’;‘ the ‘l’ie:ndunu of queries. This| paper puts at your disposal the urvius; of an extensive organization in Wash-| ington to serve you in any capacity that| relates to information. This service Ls‘ free. Failure to make use of it de-/ prives you of benefits to which you are| entitled. Your obligation is only 2| cents in coin or stamps, inclosed with| your inquiry, for direct seply. Addl'!s.!‘ The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D. C. Q. 1s there a phonograph record of | King George's speech at the opening of | the Naval Conference?--W. E. N. | A. A phonograph record was made of the speech, which was broadcast at, the opening of the conference. . What time of year do children groqw the most rapidly?—O. V. S. A. A Swedish physiologist, Dr. Gustav | Nylin, says that children grow most rapidly in height in the Spring and put on weight fastest in the late Fall and| in the Winter. i Q. When did the first Hessian sol- diers come to America during the Revo- lution?—F. J. G. qun On August 15, 1776, the first division of Hessians, numbering 8,000, landed on Staten Island. Q. What do they mean when they| talk about clothes made from sunshine? | —D. A. W. | A. That expression has been used in | referring to cellulose products, because without sunshine cellulose would not be stored up in plants. Q. What was the valance called which was hung across the fireplace on Sunday in colonial days?>—N. T. A. It was called a ruffied pawn. It was a short petticoat or valance, gath- ered full on a string and hung across the mantel in Dutch colonial homes. When the week's cooking was finished, the fireplace was thus decorated for the Sabbath. Q. Please give the names of the pres- idents of Sears, Roebuck & Co., and of Montgomery Ward & Co—L. R. A. Julius Rosenwald is the president of the former and George B. Everitt of the latter company. Q. Are there any members of the Greely expedition now living?—J. H. . Gen. A, W. Greely and Gen. D. L. Brainard are the two living members of the Arctic expedition of 1881-84. Five other men, Henry Biederbeck, Francis | Long, Maurice Connell, Julius R. Fred- erik and Joseph Elison, survived the expedition, but have died since. Q. How is the word “kimono” pro- nounced?—B. P. A. The Japanese prounciation is “kim-0-no,” with accent on the first syllable, but the English pronunciation is “ki-mo-no,” with accent on the sec- ond syllable, Q. Where are the Moon Mountains? A. The Moon Mountains are in Northern Brazil, near British Guiana. There is a range of mountains called Mountains of the Moon in Africa, near the headwaters of the Nile. There also of the Moon in Central Idaho. Q. Can arrows with metal shafts be shot with as great accuracy as arrows with wooden shafts?—E. E. S. A. A metal shaft may be shot with accuracy, but not so consistently as the wooden shaft. The reason is that the metal shaft does not have the power of is a range of mountains called Craters QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. recovery that nature has put into the well seasoned Norwegian pine shaft. By recovery is meant the action of the shaft as it leaves the bow. Q. What is the “industrial revolu- tion"?—J. 8. A. This term is applied to the change in industry brought about by the in- ventions which distinguished the eight- eenth and nineteenth centuries. It is a term that is not considered appro- priate by some people, but is a well established phrase. . How are directors of the Federal land banks chosen?—C. J. B. A. There are seven directors for each of the 12 Federal l:nd banks. ‘Lne ai- rectors are selected as follows: Under the law three are approved by the Fed- eral Farm Loan, three are selected by the National Farm Loan associations of the Federal land bank district, and one is appointed by the Federal Farm Loan Board from three nominees made by the National Farm Loan Association. The term of office is three years. They receive no annual salary, but are given the directors’ fees for attending the meetings, which are set by the by-laws of the banks. Q. What part of the weight of coal is lost in smoke?—P. O. 8. A. In some poor grades of soft coal as much as 40 per cent of the weight may be in volatile products and 25 per cent is not unusual. This means that out of every 100 pounds shoveled into the furnace 25 pounds go up the stack, | and this does not take into account the | dense black smoke due to poor combus- tion, this loss depending largely on the furnace. Q. How many acres of vineyards are | there in Italy and France?—R. A. 8. | A 1In 1927 Italy had 10,581,400 acres | in_vineyards and produced 784,206,000 | gallons "of wine. In the same year | France had 3,351,695 acres in grapes | and produced 892:410,000 gallons of wine, is the Senate chamber when the sun is not shining?— | 4. The daylight is admitted through | & akylight. Concealed lights above the | inner skylight are used to light the Senate chamber when there is not sufficient sunlight or at night. No lights are visible in the Senate chamber. Q. What materials are easiest to dye and which hardest>—R. B. T. A. As a general rule wool has the greatest attraction for coloring matters and dyes most easily. Cotton has much less attraction, while silk occupies an intermediate position. Differences are due to a certain degree to the differ- ence in physical structure of the fibers, but mainly to different chemical com- position. Q. When were the Botanical Gardens of Java started?—T. C. J. A. The Botanical Gardens of Java, located at Buitenzorg, are eonsidered among the finest in the world. They are situated in the southern part of the city, and were founded in 1817 by Reinwardt. Q. Ts it proper to break a soft-boiled egeg into a cup or should it be eaten from the shell?>—L. P. A. In Europe boiled eggs are eaten from the shell, and Europeans do not consider our method of serving soft- boiled eggs correct. Nevertheless, in the United States an cup or glass is the usual accompaniment of boiled eggs, and its use is generally counte- nanced. Q. How lighted |3 K. Preliminary census reports show that the American village is losing its tradi- tional place as a center of community life and of political activity. Early re- Congress and elsewhere because of the greater power of the cities. Against this tendency, however, it is felt that a counter-shift toward suburban homes may have effect on the future. “In Congress and in all the State legislatures,” says the St. Louis Globe- Democrat, predominantly rural districts or coun- tles greatly outnumber the representa- tives of the urban population. the population was largely rural, this was in accord with the principles of American government, but if now the population has become largely urban, what is to become of these principles unless there is a proportionate read- justment of representation? Nothing could be more detrimental to our coun- try than a conflict of interests or a con- flict of power between city and country. As a matter of fact, the material in- terests of city and country are identical, but proportionate representation is a vital gnnclple of our system, and it is probable that urban population, largely concentrated in cities, will make in- creasing demands for representation proportionate to its members. Will they get it? Not without a struggle, and we aan see disturbing political possibili- o5, “The gross injustice of much of our recent legislation toward the cities,” according to the Roanoke World-News, “may to some extent be rectified when the urban population asserts itself. But too much is not to be expected in that line. For in the terms of the census takers an incorporated community of 2,500 or more is listed as urban, while, as a matter of fact, such communities are often basically rural. The lesson the census has so far revealed is that the greatest gain has not been in the great metropolitan centers of half a million or more, nor yet in the country districts, but in the healthy, established growth of cities and towns ranging from 5,000 to 100,000 in population. It is from such communities that the new leadership in the Nation for the next decade must come.” in favor of industrial centers is pre- dicted by the Des Moines Register, which holds that “it is a shift that goes people gradually centering in the cities and having political influence centering there. That difference is hinted in the way representation is fixed when we| come to choosing our Senators. It is| not a question of population that deter- mined the allotment of two Senators to each State, no matter how big or small the State. It was purely a matter of | State sovereignty.” Estimates reported by the Rochester Times-Union are that “regions of an urban character will gain at least 23 seats in the House of Representatives| and rural districts lose that number,” | and that paper thinks “the shift may affect vitally the attitude of Congress on many important questions.” Point- | et | ing bird, a trill of its song, a laugh and then away. No, there is no such de- sign as this in the culling of these old memories. The plain intent here is to help in the good work of displacing leg- end with sound fact, such as the eyes saw and the ears heard. These half views, these flitting sights and sounds must therefore be true qualities of the spirit and nature of Miss Dickenson as these were stamped on the plastic mind of one, at least, of the youngsters who used to play with her in her garden | around the old Amherst home. A lucky | boy, now man grown, comes here a knight _errant to do leal service for | “Miss Emily,” the old friend whom the world is now acclaiming a genius of high rank. turns from the Middle West raise the| question of probable political change in | e representatives from| ‘When | “A decided shift in political Cm’\h’ol"1 to our whole theory of government. a | relieve con; shift that is bound to have a dominat- | B conditiory ing influence on the future of the city | usually are superior to as well as of the country on the future | of our whole United States experiment. | Of course, the political shift comes with | the population shift, but there is a|to difference between having masses of our | | country be able to Deserted Villages Become Factors in Political Change ing to uncertainty in estimating the ultimate result, the Waterloo Tribune asks: “Will we all eventually be grouped into big cities? Or will the cities in their turn begin to split up as improve- ment in transportation continues?” The Walla Walla Bulletin, taking up the same alternatives, concludes: ‘“Either thing can happen. Just at present, however, the former tendency seems the stronger.” “So long as people in large numbers continue to go to the suburbs for the purpose of establishing homes, having their gardens and enjoying a degree of privacy and independence they cannot | have in the cities, we need not worry much about the cities or the villages,” | advises the Harrisburg Telegraph. The | New Orleans Item-Tribune argues as | to the conditions and the results: “The reasons for desertion of the hamlets |are easy to discern—motor tra: | tion, the attraction of motion picture theaters in the larger towns, the value to education of school district consoli- | dations which enable a single group of | schools in one town to serve better the children of a large countryside than a dozen scattered ‘little red schoolhouses’ ever did. All these changes have im- proved the lot of the rural dweller, while the cost to him has been insig- nificant beside the benefits.” “Villages hold their own where they have some reason for their being,” states the Cincinnati Times-Star, while agreeing that “otherwise the tide of the times sets remorselessly against them.” The Boston Transcript declares that “their decline may be counted as evi- dence of progress.” “The chief concern” contends the Kansas City Times, “should be directed to the cities. Have they become suffi- clently aware of the conditions that are faced> How long and to what extent will they be able to adapt themselves to thelr growing population, to a rate of | increase that in the last census period |.was slightly more than nine times that of the rural districts? To what degree can urban industry absorb the la- | tion overflow from the muntryrw;;ow | will the cities deal with the ‘unemploy- | ment problem, mainly their own? The | mere physical accommodation of city population is of relatively minor conse- | Quenee. Urban housing, health, sanita- tion, food supply sources, transportation | and’ other matters are havin, | attention. The suburban trenc. & soume ter movement to rural-urban migration, has served to check and substantially ts attendan City health conditions, for &.&31’5: those in the country, while educational and other facilities give the urban areas an ad- vantage and make them a constant lure the outsider. But the questions, chiefly that of employment, remain. What will an ’"cff“’{;’,ly urbanize o about the situa- tion? "It will be a test of national, leadership.” ey pipes —e—t And Horses! From the Worcester Telegram, The people of a remote di Siberia have been !thlened“":t:t!g: sight of a modern locomotive. If raflc roads in America continue to give way to motor busses, it will not be long before people over here will be fright- ened at the sight of a locomotive, too. R gttt He Knows When to Stop. From the Buffalo Evening News. In some cases the reformer could do better except for the fear that re~ form would make people like him. Jpeaamcyett 2 sionan ey “Coal” Summer Ahead. From the Altoona Mirror. Now that women's hats lke coal scuttles are mm.m'."‘:fi“ Paris, it won't seem so embarrassing for the menfolk to wear stovepipes, ————— e Dry Comment. From the Canton Daily News. ‘The decision not to publish the names of Congressmen who vote dry and drink wet in the Congressional Record should save the taxpayers considerable money.