Evening Star Newspaper, April 24, 1930, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. " WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. .April 24, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor “The Evening Star Newspaper Company iness Office: t 4 n- Building. ReJenl' t., London, 1and. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Foe Eveninr Star 45¢ per moy Evening and (when 4 Sunday: “The Evenin; (when 5 3 e Sunday Star ..........0... 5c per opy Collection made at the end of each month Orders may be sent in by mall or telephone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mfll—‘l’lylbk in Advance, w icago uropean 5 nth Siar . .60c per month Star 65¢ per month Bunda P nly only . inday” only All Other States and Canada. Dafly and Sunday..lvr. $12.00: 1 mo.. §1 Bl ony * Member of the .Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitied to the use for republication of ail dis- atches credited to it or not otherw - ted in this paper and aiso the local news published herein. Al rights of publication of special dispatchés herein are also tecerved. —_—— Robbing Peter to Pay Paul. Representative Hull of Wisconsin, one of the new members of the House District committee, has placed in the Record his views on the power clause of the proposed merger agreement. At the same time the committee has an- nounced postponement until May 8 of further consideration of merger legis- lation. It becomes apparent that such legislation at this session of Congress is either to suffer the fate of its prede- cescor and dle a lingering death or squceze through by the skin of its teein, with several of its provisions changed. If the merger legislation does die, its fate may be a biessing in disguise to the people of Washington. Notwith- standing the undisputed benefits from applying the principle of merger to the gross waste and inconvenience result- ing from separate operation of two competing lines here—where competi- tion is in name only and its advantages redound only to the competitors—ob~ jections td the form of agreement raise considerable doubts as to whether the people of Washington should buy it at the price demanded. It might be bet- ter policy to wait for bids from the companies. In time those bids will be made, and they may offer concessions not apparent now. Mr. Hull's objections to the power clause . in the merger agreement are founded on the fact that the agreement perpetuates and sanctions a rebate sys- tem that Congress has for years been glories of the orchards spreading for many miles around that city. One who has never been in the apple area of the Shenandoah Valley at blossom time has missed an inspiring spectacle. The countryside is & scene of great beauty, indescribable, almost unpaintable. The air is fllled with fragrance from countless millions of blooms. But this is not mere beauty, appealing to the senses, that is spread before the multitude, It is a token of industry, of riches, of fertility. These blossoms that wave in the breeze and scent the air are fruit makers. A few months later their products will be rolling into thousands of barrels for shipment all over this country -and even abroad. ‘The tobacco and peanut fields of Eastern and Southern Virginia do not compare in beauty with the apple or- chards of Western Virginia, though they are rich contributors to the wealth of the Old Dominion. They do not draw the crowds that assemble to see the crowning glory of the Valley. Per- haps some day they may have thelr festivals as well, though they lack in spectacular quality. There can never be rivalry between them and the apple or- chards. Virginia, with three such rich products, is indeed a fortunate Com- monwealth, ————— The Swinging Pendulum. Anybody who doubts that the eco- nomic pendulum is swinging back in the right direction should have his qu-ims banished by the facts produced at the recent annual stockholders’ meeting of the United States Steel Cor- poration. From President James A. Farrell and Chairman of the Board Myron C. Taylor, the owners of Amer- ica’s greatest single industrial business heard a convincing report of present- hour conditions and a stimulating fore- cast of fufure developments. The net of the whole story is that business, gauged by the traditional barometer of steel, is unmistakably on the upgrade. Figures talk. Steel Corporation op- erations during the first quarter of 1930 averaged 82 per cent of capacity. The current rate is about the same. The or- ganiziition's budget for expenditures on account of improvements calls for $75,000,000 more than was contemplated in December. Declaring that the cor- poration expects 1930 to be “a good average year,” President Farrell an- nounces that the gigantic sum of $200,~ 000,000—corresponding to a fifth of Steel's original capital—will be devoted to plant modernizations and extensions during the next twelve months. As spokesmen of one of the country’s basic industries, the view of the Steel Corporation’s executives on the recent upheaval in the securities market is of endeavoring to stamp out; that to con- firm by congressional approval the manipulation of rates implied by the power clause is “contrary to every principle of public utility regulation for public protection.” What he is talking about is this: For many years the Washington Rail- way & Electric Co. has been buying power from its subsidiary, the Po- tomac Electric Power Co., at cost or below cost. The actual rate is $.003309 per kilowatt hour, compared to the rate of 4.7 for other users. the same time the railway company sells & part of this power to four other{ raflway companies, the profit from the transaction being about $235,000. ‘The cost of the power used on its own lines is about $307,000. ‘The power company’s earnings in ex- cess of 7! per cent are divided be- tween the company and the public, the latter's share taking form in lower rates. Mr. Hull's contention is that the favorable contract for power en- Joyed by the Washington Railway & Electric really costs the power com- pany $542,000. If this item became a profit, instead of a loss, it wauld bring about a still greater reduction in elec- tric light rates. . On the other hand, the street car company’s ability to buy cheap power lessens its operating costs, and its profits from sale of this cheap power to other raliroads have been included as part of operating revenue, thus-in- creasing returns and offsetting, to some extent, a difference between profit and loss that would serve as a further argument for higher fares. As a matter of fact, the electric light consumers, who do obtain cheap elec- tricity, pay for the cost of power to the street railway companies instead of having this cost defrayed by the street car riders. That might be construed as reasonable, and the Public Utilities ‘Commission has construed it as reason- able. Electric light consumers are better able to pay this cost than the car riders. Mr. Hull's objection is that the whole transaction, bolled down, amounts to a manipulation of figures wherein Peter, the electric light user, is robbed to pay Paul, the street car rider. For the North American Co., recently described by the Wall Street Journal as soon to be numbered among the country’s billion- dollar concerns, owns the controlling share of the Washington Rallway & Electric Co., while the latter owns all the stock of the power company. One company reduces its earnings, while the other company gets them all back again, and the people pay the toll. In addition, the merger proposes to saddle the street paving costs and the traffic policemen’s pay upon the tax- payers. In return the taxpayers are promised free transfers and possibly better service, with no guarantee that higher fares will not accompany both. ‘The merger will undoubtedly help the North American Co. What is it going to do for Washington? e ‘There is great interest in spelling contests. If correct spelling is not a universal accomplishment, the crossword puzzle has been created in vain. ——e— « The Glory of Virginia's Valley. ‘Washington, which has just held its annual cherry blossom festival with- out ceremony or pageantry other than endless lines of sight-seers streaming through Potomac Park for & fortnight, extends felicitations to Winchester, its Virginia neighbor, which is now the scene of a ceremony that has become an annual institution in the the Bhenandoah Valley. Today an elaborate more than passing concern. Chairman Taylor describes it as “an inevitable readjustment which outran its proper limits.” But the needed housecleaning, he asserts, has now been had, and “we can face the future with feelings of as- surance, ‘confidence and safety.” Steel's optimistic showing coincides with the revelation of the Secretary of Commerce regarding public construc- tion contracts. Mr. Lamont says that those awarded between January 1 and April 1, aggregating $303,000,000, indi- cate that his estimate of $7,000,000,000 for the year will be fulfilled. Not for five years past has the 1930 first-quar- ter building record been equaled. The early, Midwinter months are always the least active in the construction indus- try. The Commerce Secretary expects a steady speeding up during the re- maining three periods. Governors, other State officials, municipal au- thorities and public utility compgnies have submitted plans which justify Sec- Tetary Lamont's confidence of a $7,000,- 000,000 building turnover for the year. Disclosures like those emanating from the United States Steel Corporation and the Department of Commerce tell their own story. They are no Polly- anna platitudes for cheer-up purposes. They are what is commonly known as “the goods.” They completely justify the belief that the times are no longer as out of joint as they seemed to be following the Wall Street cyclone of last Autumn, e Inventor of the “death ray” repre- sented as being able to deal long-dis- tance destruction has not yet caused life insurance enterprise to increase the cost of policies. r——— A call to economy is never a surprise. After the idealist the expert accountant has to be heard. e e The Voice of the Court. A disposition has developed on the part of members of the Senate District appropriation subcommittee to abolish the office of court crier in the District courts. It is proposed to transfer the seven court criers now provided for to duty as deputy marshals. This would simply be a change of name without a material change of duty. It would add to the size of the marshal's force, giv- ing him seven more men, though these seven might be specifically assigned to court room service. If this plan is adopted it does not mean that the picturesque proceeding of court opening by a crier will be abol- ished. The crier will remain as the formal announcer of the sessfon of the court, even though he is borne on the pay roll as a deputy marshal. So the traditional formula will continue to be |heard: “Oyez, oyez, oyez, all persons having business before the honorable the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia draw near and give your at- tention, for the court is now in session. Order in the eourt!” The court crier of today is but a shadow of his former self. Once upon a time he was a resplendent and im- posing figure. He was the embodiment of the court. He would proclaim the session of the court not merely in the room of session, but at the “four cor- ners” In some parts of this country now in the smaller communities the crier proclaims the sitting of the court out of doors with bell and megaphone. The crier of the court was a medieval institution. He was sometimes the town crier as well as a court officer. He was the broadcaster for the community, the public bulletin, the newspaper of the time. In England a couple of centuries ago and later he was accompanied in program begins at Winchester with the crowning of a queen of the blossoms. Great numbers of people are in at- tendance, drawn from all parts of the Btate and from other States as well. There are two points of attraction, the pageantry at Winchester aad the his local responsibilities by the beadle, the chief officer of the parish. Sometimes there was competition between the beadle and the crier, though their juris- dictions did not actually conflict. ' In modern times the function of the crier is to open the court formally, to | matntain order n the court and to call for witnesses. As has been pointed out by one of the justices of the trict Supreme Court before the subcommittee, the crier’s area of dul is within the bar of the court, wl deputy marshals are posted outside of the bar. The proposal to abolish the office of crier and put all court room service in the hands of deputy marshals | would remove this line of delimitation of duty., s The Poet Laureate. Sharing with our British cousins the common heritage of English letters, Americans will await with no less in- terest than they the choice of a suc- cessor to Dr. Robert Bridges, late poet laureate. Bridges wore the national bard’s title for seventeen years. He pro- duced much verse of beauty, but his | muse never inspired him to any of the lyrical flights which are traditionally assoclated with the laureateship. Lord Tennyson was the last poet who performed in any measurable degree the principal duty of the laureate—namely, the production of & poem or ode dedi- cated to some moving act of the British crown in a moment of great national concern. “The Charge of the Light Brigade,” in which Tennyson immortal- ized British heroism at Balaklava, was laureateship in action. If Americans were polled on poetry, as they are on prohibition, our choice would undoubtedly fall in favor of Rud- yard Kipling, despite his antipathy to the United States. Britons who cannot quote a line from Dr. Bridges' “Testa- ment of Beauty,” by which he will be best remembered—if at know many stanzas from Kipling's “Recessional,” written to glorify Queen Victoria's dia- mond jubilee. Evén his “Absent-Minded Beggar,” thé popular Boer War verse, which he composed thirty-one ye-rll ago, remains familiar and popular. “Barrack-Room Ballads” will never die. Kipling's critics, and enemies, for he has both, periodically relegate him from the ranks of potential laureates because he produced nothing noteworthy or of outstanding merit during the World ‘War. That cataclysmic cycle of British history, they argued, would have stirred a major poet to majestic emotions. The same charge might have been leveled with as much propriety against Bridges. Kipling suffered a personal bereavement early in the war—the loss of a son in France—and many thought that it was & sense of overpowering griet which dulled his poetical quill during his country’s “ordeal by battle.” Probably, if the “Recessional” creator is denied the laureate’'s wreath, Kipling's well known disfavor with the royal family will be the real barrier. Of others in the running we read of Alfred Noyes, Walter de la Mare, Sir ‘William Watson, Sir Henry Newbolt and John Masefield. ' Americans who know the men and their works feel that either Noyes or Masefleld would wear worthily the crown which has adorned the brows of Britain's lengendary heroes of the rhythmical art. ) Defective wiring is mentioned as a Ppossible cause of the Ohio Penitentiary fire, [Electricity requires expert man- agement to prevent it from becoming a danger instead of a blessing. A trigid April climate is beginning to create question as to whether what was tossed into the fleld for the opening game was a base ball or a snow ball. —————— Legislators must always be ready with the assurance that it is no trouble to show goods. If a tariff does not suit, there is always another session, —— e Anclent Egyptian tombs indicate that the interior decorator was highly influ- ential, even in the very old daye. A future conference may beTncllned to disregard battleships and direct its | attention to aircraft. SHOOTING STARS, —_—— BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Eternal Program, The robin has his little lay; The redbird has his song; 8o have the blackbird and the Jay, Whose discords come along. Each year the world bids us rejoice And answer with a smile, As every one who has a voice Displays a special style. And human voices still draw nigh; Each with familiar tone, As some sing “wet” and some sing “dry,”. And other themes well known, Bince first this world of ours began As Nature played the game, The carolings of bird and man Have mostly been the same. New Political Emblem, “You think we need a new party emblein?” “I surely do” answered Senator Sorghum. “In some communities 1 am a ‘wet’ and in others I am a ‘dry.’ " “What would you favor?” “As a political amphibian, I should suggest a frog.” Jud Tunkins says it's wrong to gam- ble, but he can’t help buying this year's garden seeds, in spite of last year's dis- appointments. Superiority. I thought I had Superior intellect. ‘Then I grew sad And hastened to connect ‘With brains more fair ‘Which would assure me that ‘They could repair A tire that had gone fiat. Badness. “What has become of Mesa Bill?” “You mean the champion bad man of Crimson Gulch?” asked Cactus Joe. “The same.” “He's tamed. Director of Western pictures told him that, while he might have been a bad man in the old days, he’s nothing now but a bad actor.” “I ask no sympathy,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “lest I might by accident disclose my misfortunes to an enemy who would rejoice.” On the Trail. The criminal we can't accost. ‘We thought to meet him we were due. The brave detective has got lost And now we need another clue! “We listens to de preacher on Sun- day,” sald Uncle Eben, “but too few of us kin remember his teachin's cl'ar over six daye” LS "THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. A correspondent wants to know what is the kink in the make-up of Govern- ment clerks “which causes them to give to aged fellow employes, retiring from the service at the age of 68 or more years, a traveling bag, a typewriter, or some other equally useless object to one of advanced years, who in most cases cannot get any real use from the gift.” This is a state of affairs which pre: vails not only in the Government serv- ice, but in all walks of business, at all times and places, exciting curiosity, in- terest and no small degree of amuse- ment. No doubt matters are getting better. We have noticed an unusual number of radio sets and easy chairs being pre- sented to retiring employes during the past year. This is hopeful. It would seem that when a man is superannuated he might get a real kick out of lisf g to Amos 'n’ Andy, or might even learn to work up a genulne enthusiasm for jazz music. ‘There can be little doubt that a good easy chair would be mighty, mighty nice, as Chic Sales says. Even young people like them. What is nicer than to stretch out in a comfortable chair with a good book? * K K One may suspect that there are plenty of the old-style gifts being made, how- ever, since they are based on two psycho- logical factors which never change. Here is old Timothy Aloysius Jimp, whose traveling days are over. Well, he gets a suit case, a shiny, beautiful new suit case, one of these good leathery ones which smell. Mr. Jimp has no more use for a piece of luggage than a rabbit. A bunny might use a suit case to carry its Easter eggs in, but T. A. Jimp has no use for one at all. He has got to the point reached by Mahomet's mountain. Those who want to see Timothy Aloysius Jimp must come over. But the man in the office who got up the plan for the gift—every office has one—was so enthusiastic about his little jood deed that it never once entered his ead to think about Mr. Jimp, or what Jimp might like to get, have or possess. No, the big thing in our Little Busy- body's head was to make a good show out of it. Just how such persons finally arrfve at their choice is something of a ry. Do they go into a huddle with themselves and emerge with a Bright Idea—to wit, & suit case? Or do they appoint a committee, can- vass the members for ideas, then de- cide to do what they wanted to do all along—buy a suit case? * kX ok A nice mantel clock used to be a standard gift to retiring employes. Now a clock is a good thing to have, espe- cially if one must report to work any particular time, as the great ma- jomty of the world's willing workers must. But what is the sense of a clock after a man has escaped the necessity of being on time any more? And, hon- estly, is there not something just a bit tactless in giving an elderly man a con- stant reminder of the g moments? One may admit 'Ithmn&’mument that most such men never for & mo- ment of relentless time and their hanged relation to it. This is another mankind may thank Those who select such gifts, however, might think a bit about the man to whom the gt is to go and cousider well the effect the presentation is to have upon his mind, not at the time when emotion and gratitude will over- whelm_him, but during days following, when he is alone with his gift. * ok ok % ‘The two psychological factors which prevail in many such presentations are the following: 1. Such presentations are mostly the thought of some one man. 2. Few men ever really think of the other fellow. ‘The second follows logically from the first. If a dozen or more workers were vitally concerned in the matter there might be as many as half a dozen ideas brought forward from which number at_least one might be reasonable. But most offices, in or out the Fed- eral service, contain one Little Fixer, or man (or maybe woman, although less often), who revels in getting up such events. His main interest is in the affair, not in the mans who ought to be and who ostensibly is the center of it. He would be htily offended, of course, if you told a8 much, but his final selection of & suit case for a man whose travels are over proves our case. * koK X Our second contention, that few men really ever think about the other fel- low, 1}5 proved by the same selection, if at_all. Mostly such presentations are thought out from the viewpoint of the gift rather than from that of the recipient. ‘Thus one finds men who do not like coffee being given fine electric perco- lators, those who care nothing for silver receiving gorgeous sterling plaques of undetermined usage. As near as the avera ever gets to considering the man is to present him with money. This, one may submit, is a sidestepping of the issue, although it mli.bo better than & bad gift. The chances are that when a man gets money he will - mit it to be used to pay a bill, or it to be frittered away, so that in the end he has nothing to keep to remind him of his loving friends. For this reason it may be felt that any t, even a hopeless one, is better money. * ok k% ‘Why are not books given as gifts to retiring employes? d’nm: is mmyl & man Elhohmwmti & good encyclopedia ¢, an who would be genuinely delighted with such a gift. A little probing into the wishes of many such men would reveal that they had a hankering for a fine set of some one author, but had been deterred xror: purchasing it on account of iis cos! A fine set of books, each volume in- scribed with one or more names of donors, would prove a ificent gift —if the man liked books. If he didn't, a swell set of golf clubs and a dozen of the new balls would go better. sensible way to select such gifts is to think first, last and all the time of the men or women who are to re- ceive them. To put it down on a prac- tical standpoint, a committe of at least six persons be selected, and each sush committee should contain at least $wo strong-minded persons, as are called. A third member should be charged with the duty of objecting to }mrpoull ving his rea- sons, and a fourth should be required to ask, every half minute: “Gentlemen, are you thinking of the recipient? Wil ;l‘lm””otbl Aloysius Jimp, himself, like Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands L MERCURIO, Santiago.—Among the most interesting types gath- ered up in our city each day and exhibited in Police Court are the Gypsies. are ical vagabonds, always on ‘the wing, enemies of ordered and established life and at odds with all mortals who do not belong to their race. Recently we saw & group of them in their vivid, polychrome garb, the men with & glit- tering assortment of burnished cook! utensils pendent about their shoulders. Some of these specimens are, indeed, Gypsies in the superlative degree. At the of 15 to 20 many of them lesert their own tribe and become nd_picturesque wanderers in very la Such are those often picked up by Santiago police. Learning the lesson of instability from their fathers, fare forth upon all roads, but lin- ger! only brief moments in the cities like butterfles on flowers. * k% % Hits Outdoor ° Advertising in Address, Manchester Guardian—Some pun- gent criticism of the d! ent of town and countryside outdoor advertis- ing was contained in an address at the Royal Soclety of Arts -ecently by Harry H. Peach of the Council for the Preservation of Rural England. He spoke of the "vulgr. shouting signs which spring up behind and often invade what the public have been led to regard as a beauty spot.” Mr. Peach thought the most serious menace was the enamel sign. He ex- pressed the opinion that the cigarette advertisement probably disfigured more country landscapes and spoiled the fronts of more shops and buildings in the cities than any other form. trol came next, and then tea, starch, mus- tard and polishes. Soaps and chocolate were also chief offenders. Mr. Peach stated that not more than 10 per cent of such advertising is effective. “Ninety per cent of it, because of location and indifference, is absolute waste. It is like the wasteful method of Nature, where the cod lays 2,000,000 eggs and 2 sur- vive. The outdoor advertiser may have his place, but he entirely overvalues imself, even in our very imperfect civ- ilization. The real place for advertise- ments is in the press. “If outdoor advertising can justify its place in this country, it must cleanse its own nest, learn more taste, give up bludgeoning and use more brains. There is, however, an end to all bad things, even to enamel signs, and sometimes a real use for them is to line cart bottoms. The carter says the bricks slide off beautifully. * British Women Heavy Spenders for Beauty. . Le Matin, Paris—An English statis- tician estimates that the women and girls of Great Britain spend about £65,- 000,000 per year in the care of beauty, and it is further calculated that there are sold annually in England alone 50,- 000,000 sticks of rouge for the lips. Besides all this, at the annual re- union of the Association of Manufac- turers of Cosmetics in America the presi- dent of the association reported that American femininity used last year 2,375 tons of rouge. And as for lipsticks, if they were laid in a line, end to end, they would cover the distance of 1,700 miles which separates Chicago from Los Angeles. In view of these admissions, is it to be supposed that French ladies will still retain the venerable distinction of being the most coquettish women of the world? * % % % Peru Admires U. 8. Educational System. El Comercio, Lima.—Ever since the far-off days in which Jacolliot inflamed our childish imaginations and made our hearts beat enthusiastically with his “Journey to the Land of Liberty,” wherein he tells of the development of America and of the policies, principles and m:!uvemenu of the founders of miration for the great Republic. C R R e compelling story we have R ‘we have found the excellent qualities of ing | between instructors and p: loyalty, generosity and unselfish desire to be of service. Individually the Ameri- cans are, as they say in the United States, some “good boys.” at we in Peru esj ly admire in America is thelr wonderful educational system, the nobility and excellence of their teachers, who treat their puplls more as sons and daughters thon as mere strangers in whom they are expected to take but a nominal interest. The cordial relations ils seem to continue even after the latter have graduated. Indeed, the continued asso- clation with the school is characteristic of life and soclety everywhere. The old graduates go back to their colleges year after year to revive scholastic memories and acquaintances that have been so useful to them. Here in Peru this enduring interest in school life, this undying affection be- tween professors and pupils, is mostly confined to the girls and young women and their woman teachers. These often make friends with similar types in for- eign lands, and carry on with them long and affectionate correspondences, with- out ever knowing them personally. * k ok X Seek Modification Of Wine Import Provisions. A B C, Madrid.—The Association of Wine Exporters and a majority of the grape and fruit-growing syndicates of Spain have addressed a petition to the government urging drastic effort to modify the provisions enacted by the French Chambers relative to the im- portation of foreign wines. One pro- vision that affects the ish win rticularly is that no dilution or com- ination whatever is permitted upon entry into France, and each brand must be an integral production of its specific variety. Inasmuch as this will limit the Spanish output and increase the cost to the consumer in France, where 85 per cent of Spanish wines are exported, the new ruling presents a serious setback to the Spanish wine industry, unless some mutual concessions can be made. Flying Rules Shown Necessary by Crash From the New York Herald Tribune. New York has been furnished with another tragic illustration of the im- portance of guarding against the weather hazard, and particularly the fog hagzard, in regularly scheduled fly- ing. The regular airline operator or pilot has a powerful motive for main- taining schedules; it requires a double vigilance both to lessen the weather danger and to counteract the tempta- tion to take risks. Just three months ago 16 people were killed in an air wreck on the Pacific Coast under circumstances which seem to have been very closely repeated in the wreck in Jersey City. Following the California disaster, the Federal regula- tion prohibiti flying below 500 feet except under “stress of weather” was amended by striking out the exception. The intention was to compel a pilot to set down his plane as soon as his ceil- ing should fall below 500 feet. When the pilot, in the present case, took off from Albany he is said to have had re- rts of a 900-foot ceiling over Newark. erhaps this justified his departure, but inasmuch as the regulations also pro- hibit flying under 1,000 feet when above congested areas, and the whole region about Newark would seem to come un- der that classification, a question re- mains as to whether there may not have been a violation. ‘At all events, the accident seems to hufil! either that the regulations are St uate or emergency fields committee | ¢ The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. Dwight W. Morrow, Ambassador to Mexico, and at present a member of the American _delegation on its way home from the London Conference, is soon to be an active candidate'for the Republi- senatorial nomination in New . _The in New Jersey takes place June 17, less than two months off. What Mr. Morrow will have to say on the prohibition issue is causing more interest in political circles e e ooniess 15, New Jemey. 1t senatorial contes lew . had been expected that former Senator Joseph S. Frelinghuysen, Mr. MOrrow's opponent for the nomination in the Republican primary, would run as a “dry” Senator Frelinghuysen, how- ever, has “flopped.” He has come ou “wet” Had Prelinghuysen remained dry, Mr. Morrow might have been able to run along without committing him- self definitely on this utilckmh Tg:“'tv‘:& in the primary campaign. would have preferred to vote for him in any event. In view of the statement now made by his opponent, Mr. Fre- linghuysen, Mr. Morrow may still hold off in the belef that the drys will pre- fer him to the man who left their cause “high and dry” and turned wet. But the issue has become a difficult one to duck. Furthermore, there has been nothing in Mr. Morrow's career to indl- cate that he will avold meeting an issue ely. Wi L s There is no doubt that Mr. Morrow has been urged already by his friends to declare himself “wet.” Both Sena- tor Kean and Senator Baird—the lat- ter an understudy in the Senate for Mr. Morrow until he returns to this coun- try—have recommended the wet cause him. Ambassador Walter Edge, whose seat in the Senate is to be oc- cupled by Mr. Morrow when he gets back here, traveled over from Paris to London to plead with Mr. Morrow to take the wet side in New Jersey politics. As a matter of fact, many of the Re- oW | bublicans in Jersey are fearful that if eir candidate for the Senate is an an- ;‘:)ulzced dry this year, the Democrats will elect their man in November on wet platform. P The Democratic nominee for the Sen- ate is expected to be Alexander Simp- son, who was & gfl:m prosecutor in the Hall-Mills murder case & few years ago, when that case had all Jersey by the ears. He will run as wringing wet —just as former Senator Edward I. Ed- wards did when he defeated Freling- huysen. The prediction todsy by 'Eo- litical observers in New Jersey is that the Republican nominee will have to be acceptable to the wets if he is to defeat Simpson. * ok kK Mr. Morrow has a strong backing in New Jersey. The Republican o iza- tion is with him. It is unlikely that Mr. Frelinghuysen has helped himself by his change from dry to wet cause. Indeed, it is likely he has lost more than he has gained, for the candidate for office who shifts his position under pressure is often hit hard from both sides. If Mr. Morrow ran as a dry, he might still win the Republican nomina- tion, but what, the politiclans are ask- ing themselves, would be the result in November? Mr. Morrow up until the present has been absolutely close- mouthed in regard to what his position on the wet and dry issue will be. He has made it clear he would not make any announcement on public questions until after he should have wound up his dutles as a member of the American delegation to the London Naval Confer- ence. It is expected that soon after his return to this country he will resign his office of Ambassador to Mexico and will then be appointed to the Senate, taking the place now held by Senato Baird, which the latter will promptly resign. Incidentally, the entrance of Mr. Morrow into the Senate at this time will add to the strength of the naval treaty in that body which the President proposes to send to the Sen- ate for ratification during the present session. Two other American delegates to the London Conference, Senator Rob- inson of Arkansas and Senator Reed of Pennsylvania, have issued strong statements supporting_the treaty. Sen- ator Robinson is the Democratic leadeér of the Senate and a potent influence in the Senate. * Kk * Heads of the national dry organiza- tions in Washington do not take too seriously, at least on the surface, the defection of former Senator Freling- huysen, F. Scott McBride, general su- perintendent of the Anti-Saloon League of America, takes the view that the Frelinghuysen desertion of the dry cause is not too significant. Mr. McBride said: “Mr. Frelinghuysen's statement now classes him de%lfltely against the prohi- bition amendment. at the attitude of the Anti-Saloon League will be in the New Jersey campaign, save that it ‘will not under any circumstances be for Frelinghuysen, is yet to be determined. The drys in New Jersey might under- take to throw an independent dry Re- publican_candidate into the senatorial contest in the Fall campaign, just as the drys did in New York in 1926, when both the Republican and Democratic senatorial nominees were wet, -if Mr. Morrow should win the nomination and declare himself wet. But whether the drys would follow such an independent candidate against Morrow is a question, particularly if it was clear that by so doing they might send a wet Democrat to the Senate. The drys, too, might put a candidate into the Republican pri- mary. But there is no man of suffi- clent prominence who might now be thrown into the primary campaign with any chance of success against Morrow and Frelinghuysen. * ok kK are not greatly disturbed over the New Jersey situation. Jersey has long had two wet Senators. The election of another will not add to the wet strength in the Upper House. A faliure to elect a wet would, of course, be a victory for the drys. Freling- ‘The drys *| huysen when he was in the Senate voted for the submission of the eighteenth !:endmlnt to the States and later voted for the Volstead act. His shift now marks a long step away from the prohi- bition causs. He proposes not the re- turn of the old saloon, but the gontrol and sale of liquor by the Government on a non-profit basis. * ok kK Senator “Tom” Heflin of Alabama has delivered his promised blast in the Senate attacking the Democratic State committee because it has barred him from participating in the party primary as a candidate for the senatorial nomi- nation next August. His speech, which was intended primarily for home con- sumption, raises again all the issues which mere made to divide the Demo- crats in the 1928 campaign. His cam- paign will be conducted on a speaking campaign to keep these issues alive, is- sues which usually raise prejudice and hatred. Whether the Democratic State committee has acted wisely from a party point of view in ruling against Senator Heflin and other anti-Smith Democrats, preventing them from be- coming candidates for nomination for office on the Democratic ticket, remains to be seen. There were many influen- tial Democrats from other parts of the country who counseled against such a procedure. e rimary election in Pennsyl- four weeks away, the campaign for the Republican senatorial and rnatorial nominations is grow- ing hotter and hotter. It looks as though the Senate slush fund commit- tee, headed by Senator Nye of North Dakota, would be called upon to begin ‘With the vania less Nye had a conference with Secretary James J. Davis of tg:'ezpcrtmmt of spurred the to, _fl‘\liahn investigation. charge raists in m-mtthon‘;utolmnm Brown for governor will double ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN, ‘The resources of our free Information Bureau are at your service. You are in- vited to call upon it as often as please. It is being maintained solely to serve you. What question can we answer for you? There is no charge at all, execept 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Ad your letter to The Evening Star Information Bu- reau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Q. What is meant when an announcer over the radio says that a program is mnmiuwed by electrical transcription? —N. L. G. A. It means that the program has been recorded on a record, and that t the record is now being heard. Q._Can a large ocean steamer up the Potomac River as far as w-:k? - ton?—E. B. A. No ocean steamer needing more than a depth of 25 feet can come up the Potomac River as far as Washing- ton. A depth of 40 feet is needed for the largest ccean steamers. Q. Did “Huckleberry Finn” ever ap- pear as a serial?>—S. A. D. A. “Huckleberry Finn” ran serially in the Century Magazine in 1884 and 1885. ?. Which is warmer, a-brick or brick l_ns h'?llow tile house, or a frame house? A. The Bureau of Standards says that there are so many types of brick, brick and tile and frame construction that no general statement will apply to all. In addition to differences in t; of wall, differences in workmanship may be important. If complete descrip- tions of two types of wall are given, it is possible in most cases to calculate from tests which have been made which of the two should be warmer. The heat losses through roof, doors and windows, however, reduced the proportionate ef- fect of the walls themselves to such a considerable extent that there are no large differences in the amounts of fuel required to heat well constructed houses of ordinary types which differ only in wall construction, Q. What is meant when it is said that ::;I!Ee 1s carved from the living rock? A. This expression is applied to a plece of sculpture carved from stone Wwhich is in the place it has occupied from time immemorial. This is in con- trast to marble which has been quarried and carried far from its source. One would say of the Rushmore Memorial in South Dakota or of the Confederate Memorial on Stone Mountain that it is carved from the living rock. Q. What is the tradition in regard to rosemary found in Princess Anne Coun- ty, Va.?—N. E. E. A. It is said that Grace Sherwood of Lynnhaven Parish carried rosemary across the sea in an eggshell to Princess An:; County, where the shrub still exists, Q. How early was china brought into land and when was porcelain manu- ured there?—E. S, A. Not much china was im; into England until about 1650, when it began to be brought in by the East In- dian Trading Co. Porcelain was not made in England until almost the mid- dle of the eighteenth century. Earthen- ware was manufactured earlier than the eighteenth century. Potters were at work at Staffordshire in the seven- teenth century, Q. When did Damon and Pythias live?—M. L. R. A. They lived in the fourth century B.C. Damon, a Pythagorean of Syra- cuse, was celebrated for his friendship with Pythias, or Phintias, a member of I oj Syracuse and die. As ias the same sect. the life of was condemn wished to fered to place hands as his substitute, and to die in his stead should he not return on the appointed day. A% the last moment Pythias came back and Dionysius was 5o struck by the fidelity of the frierds that he pardoned the offender und begged to be admitted into their fel- lowship, Q. On which syllable is the word “moron” accented?—N. E. L. A. The word, when meaning a person whose mental capacity has been arrest- ed during development, is accented on the first syllable. When spelled with- a capital letter it is the name of a town in Spain and the accent is on the sec- ond syllable. Q.. Where is peat found and How does it look?—T. J. R. A. Peat is usually found in bogs or is practically the first of coal. Tesembles dry moss. Q. Is the Pacific Ocean always higher than the Atlantic Ocean at the Isthmus of Panama?—T, H, A. The mean level of the Pacific at the Isthmus has been found to be about 8 inches higher then the mean level of the Atlantic. In the month of Feb- ruary the levels are the same, but throughout the rest of the year, on ac- count of current, tidal and wind_influ- ences, the mean level of the Pacific ranges above that of the Atlantic. It is as much as oe foot higher in October. Q. Where is the proposed anthropo- logical laboratory to be located?—C. L. A. The organization known as the Laboratory of Anthropology is to be established in Santa Fe, N. Mex., Ul- timately it is expected to be the most important center in the countrdy for the co-ordination of the study of archeological remains of the Southwest. It will be under the direction of Mr. Jesse L. Nusbaum, one of the country's leading archeologists. Among -the di- rectors are Dr. Clark Wissler, Dr. Fred- erick W. Hodge, Dr. Alfred V. Kidder, Prof. Pranz Boas, Prof. Byron Cum- mings and Dr. Edgar L. Hewitt. The site has been selected and Mr. John Gaw Meem of Santa Fe is the architect, The project has the backing of Mr. John D. Rockefeller, jr. Q. How many acres are there in the ‘Walter Reed Hospital reservation?— L B. Y. A. It comprises 109 acres. Q. What city in the United States first had & community chest for char- ity?—J. 8. i A. Denver was first, That city insti- ted a communily chest in 1888, next adopted the plan in Have adopted thi pisn tor rising fancs ve adop! for for charities. Q. What is meant by “berm” in the llowing directions for railroad work: = ditcher will cut off the dirt on the river side of the track”?—G. E. K. A. A berm is a narrow, approxi- imately level shelf, path or edge, as at the bottom or top of a slope or along a bank, Q. Who invented milk chocolate?— R. McG. A. In 1876 M. D. Peter of Vevey, the first milk Switzerland, produced chocolate. " marshes and transif dark an Q. How many members has the Thirteen Club of New York?—H. T. A. It has 226 members. It was or- ganized in 1882. Hoover Talk Before D. A. R. Believed Warning of Actiqn President Hoover's address in favor of the World Court, before the conven- tion of the Daughters of the American Revolution, is accepted by some as a declaration that the fight for ratifica- tion of American membership will soon be renewed. Those who have feared long delay welcome action by the White House, despite the issue in the Repub- lican primary in Iilinois and other evi- dence of opposition. “When President Hoover intends to submit the matter to the Senate we do not know,” says the Brooklyn Daily | g Eagle. “There is hope, however, in the fact that he has mentioned the sub- Ject before the Daughters of the Ameri- can Revolution. Having thus broken the spell of silence, he should push on until the United States takes its place in the international tribunal.” ~The Charleston Evening Post holds that “it is certainly high time that this were done,” and concludes, “Three Presi- dents have recommended American ac~ ceptance of the jurisdiction of the court—Harding, Coolidge and Hoover. Mr. Hoover should force a decision.” * K K Quoting the President’s statement of the attitude of Executives and Secre- taries of State, the Asheville Times comments: “Those men were not less jealous of American sovereignty than other Americans. Those leaders, how- ever, were in far more intimate touch with the Nation's foreign relationships and could, therefore, more keenly feel its duties and responsibilities in the fleld of world relationships than those citizens who often declaim to their countrymen upon the dangers of for- eign entanglements.” The Buffalo Evening News concedes that “there is no compulsion on the Ameris electorate or on American candidates to be guided by the wisdom of these elder statesmen,” but adds that “the weight of their experienced judgment should not be set aside lightly in public thought.” The San Fran- cisco Chronicle ass: opposition forces with the statement: “The weakness of jingo clamor is manifest in its methods. It has no weapons but noise, misrepre- sentation and abuse—the same noise, cross Secretary Davis, Mr. Brown's running mate, in order to assure the nomination of Brown. is going to be a difficult job, however, if the organizations in Philadelphia and Pitts- burgh, now favoring Davis over Grundy, stand firm. These organizations are confident that they can defeat Pinchot with Brown in the gubernatorial race, despite the fact that Phillips, a wet, is also in the race for the nomination. If that is true, why should they sell out their senatorial candidate? = It does not sound like sense, but it is the kind of propaganda that Grundy supporters are putting out. * ok ok In a few days Senator David A. Reed is expected back from London. He prob- ably will get into the Pennsylvania fray with little loss of time. If he is active in his opposition to the Philadelphia organization’s candidate for the Senate, he may have to reckon with the Phila- delphia organization himself when he comes up for renomination four years hence. Nevertheless, Senator Grundy has the backing of the Mellons, and it is to be presumed that Senator Reed will line up for Grundy, too. A new de- velopment is the entrance of Senator misrepresentation and abuse that we have seen so thoroughly falsified by the solid results of the Naval Conference.” * K K % ‘That the majority of Americans are h;lllhv.orulthemrthmmnmuon o Express ipolis Star. The last mentioned adds that “the World Court was established with the aid of outstanding American jurists and has been accepted by 90 aecr cent of the world's civilized population.” The Fort ‘orth Record-Telegram, however, finds a significant conflict between the “orthodoxy” of Mrs. McCormick and '.h;: ;f the Pre;ldmt. argued by the Chicago Tribune that “the Senators who have followed the court icy of these Republican Presidents have been severely punished by the Republican voters,”” and that themselves have been blind to the con- sequences. They have seen their friends retired to private life and have con- tinued to offer the survivors to sim- ilar hazards, just as if there had been no warning given. There is, of course, no assurance that this international policy persisted in by the chief of the party against the expressed will of the party voters will not in the end have consequences for the head of the Re- publican national ticket some day. It is not frequently the case that the chief of a party can go opposite to the wishes of the party voters and retain their confidence or their support.” * * % x “America stands before the world,” replies the St. Paul Pioneer Press, “as therd(lrellut preacher of peace. But fine WO are not enough. Joining the World Court, on the terms as now pre- ue{nud‘ would, in fact, be a very mod- st essay in co-operating for the reaii- zation of this ideal.” The address is interpreted by the Spokane Spokesman- Review as “a declaration of American dootrine” and a “frank definition of a national doctrine with respect to the rest of the world that may take per- m:ent place with the Monroe Doc-~ o “The women of America in particu- lar,” declares the St. Louis Glob‘:Dem- l;lér::& t!nmmldkng-m w'.l";ch sympathy all make peace the normal or of mankind, 'hfi): b fense are carefully maintained.” Topeka Daily Capital advocates “plac- ing the Nation where it should stand among the nations of the world and promoting law, order and mutual un- derstanding.” ~The lelphia Eve- ning Bulletin holds that the President has supreme faith that every honest doubt or fear can be satisfled,” while the Syracuse Herald asks, “Why, in the name of all that's sensible, should the Nation, already marked in history as the progenitor of the great peace com- pact incorporated in the multilateral treaty, balk at the tribunai which, virtue of its judicial mission, impa: added dn’,fi' moral memorable agreement?” * ook % Reed’s son-in-law, Charles Denby, jr., | the into the wet_ticket, the Bohlen-Phillips ticket, in Philadelphia County. ters it is urged that be more costly to Davis n:m to Grundy. rimary as manager for the | commitments to com] sylvania e e e e liscovered tha has a “brake.”. If the the |any criterion, the flivver variety.