Evening Star Newspaper, April 24, 1930, Page 17

PRATT AND SHELBY COMMEND ROMJUE ON POLICE SCHOOL Believe, However, That Bill, as Written, Would Not Work in Practice. OFFICERS HERE START PRACTICALLY UNTRAINED Superintendent Sees Plan as Mak- ing Possible Great Savings to U. S., States and Cities. Maj. Henry G. Pratt, superintendent of the Metropolitan Police force, and Inspector Willlam S. Shelby today frankly admitted that District police- men get practically no training before being put to work on the street, at a hearing on the bill sponsored by Repre- sentative Romjue of Missouri to estab- lish a school for the training of po- licemen and policewomen, but expressed the opinion that, as written, Mr. Rom- Jue’s bill wouid not work in practice. The bill proposes that the super- intendent of schools in the District, the Attorney General of the United States and a third person to be ap- pointed by the President, with a salary of $5,000 as chairman, shall constitute a board to govern and manage this police training school. The biil author- izes $50,000 for carrying out provisions of the act, with the proposed school occupying & Government - owned bullding. It proposes that tuition shall be free and charges for the course of instric- tion shall be paid out of Federal funds, and those taking the course of instruc- tion may apply for police service and | may be employed by any State, munic- ipality or governmental agency. Shelby Praises Romjue. Inspector Shelby congratulated Rep- resentative Romjue on taking “the first definite step to correct a very bad situa- tion.” Maj. Pratt agreed that such training would be a money-saving proposition, both:to the Federal, State and municipal governments, Representative Romjue said that an extensive canvass which he had made shows an almost unanimous agreement throughout the country that there is a failure in the enforcement of certain State and Federal laws because many officers have varying degrees of quali- fication. “A school should be maintained.” he said, “where any one desiring to it himself for police work may attend just as he would go to a law or medical school, and those displaying cfticiency should be permitted to complete a regu- lar course of training and instruction and be made eligible for employment in any municipality throughout the United States. “Whatever may be a man’s natural ability, experience and training of the right kind will increase that ability. In every other business and walk of life, ‘we recognize training not only in the military organization of our country to be of great value but in peacetime train- ing and preparation.” Great Saving Is Seen. Representative Romjue emphasized | that this school would result in a great saving to the Federal, State and muni- cipal governments through more effi- cient police departments. ‘Willlam Kennedy of Baltimore was introduced as a specialist on crime de- tection. He told the committee that a sclence school is just as essential for the police profession as is special train- ing in medicine or law or other pro- fessions, Maj. Pratt declared that “it is a won- derfyl .ice1, but I doubt the practicabil- ity of ablishing a college in Wash- ington~ and getting students from all over “the United States.” He advised that”it would be better to provide a system of Federal aid to State univer- sities for the training of police. In answering questions regarding the training of policemen in the District of Columbia, Maj. Pratt said that now for the first time the department is able to train men before sending them out to duty on the street. He said he be- lieves it is absolutely necessary and he is hopeful that legislation soon will be passed under which men can be ap- pointed to the Metropolitan Police force in groups of 25 to receive in- tensive training for three months be- fore they are sent out on duty. ‘When he had explained that pre- viously patrolmen had no training before they took up their police duties. Mrs. Norton, a member of the subcommittee, said: “I don’t wonder you are handi- capped here in the District with con- ditions such.as that.” Officials Discuss Question. 1In reply to a question from Chairman Lampert, Maj. Pratt said that a con- ference was held this week in the office of Commissioner Crosby with a view to increasing the efficiency of the police rsonnel, as a result of which he be- feves that a program will be adopted which will result in a better qualified police force. He filed with the com- mittee a brief as to how he believes the Federal Government can best aid the States in the training of their police forces. Chairman Lam;:-rt declared that “re- gardless of many siatements from time to time to the contrary, my experience of 12 years here has led me to believe that the police and fire departments of the District of Columbia as a whole compare favorably with similar depart- ments throughout the country.” He mentioned that the House District committee has reported a pay increase bill for police and fireman, which he believes will help greatly and expressed interest in a practical plan which the Police Department in New Jersey has in operation. Mrs. Norton said that although Jersey City is next door to| New York, it has a minimum of crime of any city, attributable largely to this training school. Hall Expresses Opinion. Representative Hall of Mississippl said that he thinks the Romjue bill is the beginning of an important system. In reply to questions by Mr, Hall, Ma). Pratt said that he had no particular criticism of the present method of ap- inting police in the District, but that m is dissatisfied with machinery for training them and he feels that when Jegislation provides a three months’ training course the police force will be greatly improved. Inspector Shelby, speaking from his experience of 28 years in police work, A:Pdethll he would like to assist in a good police training school based on practical experiences as well as scien- tific knowledge. Revpresentative Norton pointed out that Inspector Shelby’s long experience has fitted him to be an ex- cellent teacher in such a police school. Inspector Shelby said that the Rom- jue bill is a step in the right direction, WASHINGTON, D. C., Patient at St. Elizab Causes, Offers Se Speci BY THOMAS R. HENRY. (Editor's note—In accordance with the rigid rule of 8t. Elizabeth's Hospital the actual name of the criminal is concealed in the following story.) The habitual criminal is writing his autobiography. Day after day behind the high con- crete walls of Howard Hall, the abode of the criminal insane at St. Elizabeth's Hospital, F. W. X. is pounding away on his typewriter—trying to express in elusive words why he has spent about 90 per cent of his life since he was 8 years old in one jail after another. He is making good progress despite what he describes as “days at a time when I pass over into a world of phan- tasy which I have had to develop in order to endure life at all the way I have lived it.” Many criminals have written their autobiographies as a warning to others not to follow in their footsteps. But F. W. X. is different. He doesn’t want to reform anybody or warn anybody. He | hasn’t reformed himself in’ the usual sense of the word, although he insists he is through with crime. He hasn't the interests of society at heart, al- though he insists he has no particular grudge against it. He is simply trying as cold-bloodedly as possible, he says, to present a complete picture of an interesting psychiatric specimen, purely in the interests of science and not of | reform. Let the world draw whatever deductions it pleases. * Planned Crimes in Prison. ‘When he was 8 years old, he recounts, he went down the main street of a little Kansas town throwing _stones | through the store windows. He did this so that he would be sent school, to which most of the “gang” with whom he had associated had been committed. “He accomplished his purpose and since then hasn’t been out of a prison of some sort very long at a time. He has been a burglar and counterfeiter. Time after time he has been caught, convicted and served his sentence. Dur- ing his imprisonment he has planned new crimes. But X—— doesn’t pose as a colorful master criminal. He hasn't any sob| story to tell about the influence of evil companions, and all the rest. He doesn’t like policemen, but has no theory as to how the world could get along without them. He thinks society is to blame for crime, but bears no par- ticular grudge against society. Next month noted criminologists from all over the world will gather in Wash- ington at the first world congress on mental hygiene to discuss the reasons for the criminal and how to cure him. X——, loking with purely objective eyes over the high walls at the world outside and into the depths of his own mind, offers himself as a type speci- men. He is the sort that has gone on committing crime after crime, perfectly aware all the time that it didn't pay. Finds Sensible Attitude. “When I was first tra rred to St. Elizabeth’s two years ag he said, “T had my plans all made to escape and then commit some real crimes in Wash- ington. This Jfown sure would have heard about me. But I failed to make my escape and I am glad of it, because here for the first time I have come in contact w.th the sensible, sclentific at- titude on_crime. Nobody has treated me as if I were a wicked, vile creature and pounded me over the head with a club. Nobody has pampered me or tried to reform me by appealing to my better nature. They have faced the facts and tried to find out what was the matter with me.” As a result, X—— says, he has ar- rived at a condition that never could have been brought about by an emo- tional appeal—an understanding of the forces working within himself such that HABITUAL CRIMINAL WRITING JAUTOBIOGRAPHY TO.AID SCIENCE eth’s, Seeking to Get 1f as Psychiatric men. he is certain he never will violate the Iaw _intentionally again. 0 “Of course, I dislike policemen,” he sald. “It would hardly be possible for a man who has been through what I have to like them. I dislike them 8s & class, thoroughly realizing that there are good and bad policemen. But if T had gone for & long time without a cigarette and a policeman had some and I knew he would give me one, I wouldn't ask him, Sahbr “Of course policemen a — with the world as it is. It will be Utopia when we don't have to have them, with fellows such as I have been. But fortunately my dislike always has been rather passive and has never developed into an active hate. I've never killed anybody, al- though sometimes it would have been greatly to my advantage to do so. But I don't claim any credit for that.” Holds Habitual Criminal Hopeless. has, he says, merely & scientific interest in why some crimi- nals kill policemen and some do not. In this connection he now is reading the confidential autobiography of Fred Panzram, written down by a guard at the District Jail two years ago. Pana- ram confesses to about 14 murders. was at Leavenworth when this man strangled one of the guards in a fit of rage, a crime for which Panzram was sentenced to death. “I don’t know,” says, “why I have been a criminal. One thing I'm sure of is that the habitual criminal can't be reformed, as they have tried to reform him in the past. Neither beating him ncr appealing to him is of much use. The only thing is to get at the bottom of the trouble when he is young. “Take myself, for instance. The only kind of crime that I ever felt any re- gret for was the crime of being caught. That, I think, is the way most habitual criminals look at their offenses. When a crime is done, it is part of the past. Allowing themselves to get caught is a new crime. The crimes of which I am a bit proud of are the ones in which I rever was caught. “When I have gone to jail I have taken it as a matter of course—just a part of life. I have escaped an active hatred of those who sent me there and the jail guards by building up a world of my own phantasies. That's why I am here. A fellow like Panzram, with a different sort of personality, does the same thing by expressing his hatred in murder. Tells of Prison Riots. “I have been through three prison riots and think I know something of how they start. They talk of plots among the prisoners, but I never knew of one and those I have taken part in seem to have arisen spontaneously. In each case there has been a growing dissatisfaction among the inmates over food which everybody feels at the same time.. They do not have to communi- cate it to each other. Then somebody starts something and nobody needs a cue to join in. Things simply come to a climax for everybody. The last prison riot I was in came to a head when they served dried raisips full of grit for supper. Everybody seemed to start throwing .dishes all at once. A guard saw me throwing them but didn't report me. z is described at BSt. Eliza- beth's as “a rather bright fellow and not crazy in the usual sense of the word” His eagerness to help in the scientific study of crime to get at causes rather than to reform by emotional ap- peal has created a favorable impres- sion. And his autobiography is ex- pected to form an impertant document in the new study of criminology from the standpoint of the mental processes of the criminal himself rather than the mental processes of other persons. with individually. He suggested Fed- eral aid for establishing a chair for crime detection and police training in State universities and then the grad- uates from these schools could go to various communities and set up schools for training the local police forces, Answering general criticism of the police investigation in crime conditions, Inspector Shelby pointed out that en- forcement of the law is intrusted to many agencies, of which a municipal police force is but one arm. He pointed to the crowded coutt tockets and the overcrowded prisons as attesting to po- lice activities. To stop the crime wave court action should be made quick for the deterrent effect. If a school should be established, as Mr. Romjue proposes, Inspector Shelby said that the course should last for many months and even years and that crime detection should be made a ca- reer and not a job, and assurance must be given to students that there is a career before them. Police forces and officials should be absolutely divorced from politics, he said. Mrs. Norton asked him if better sala- | ries would not attract more efficient men to the police force, and he agreed with her that the question of low sala- ries is one of the underlying evils of the police system. Inspector Shelby pointed out that the Nation, State and municipal govern- ment have so broadened police work that the policemen become instruments of oppression and are so looked upon by the citizens. Quotes “Petty Regulations. He quoted many “petty absurdities” such as absurd parking regulations, which have made policemen objects of attack generally, and said that under such a situation it is remarkable that the results obtained are so good. He said what a police force most needs to- day is fewer petty laws and regulations to be enforced and pointed out that a few years ago the duty of the police was to prevent crime, to arrest crimi- nals and to suppress riots, but now they have all sorts of duties which worry and annoy citizens. In conclusion, Inspector Shelby suz- gested to Representative Romjue that A way might be found for the Govern- ment to provide a fund for some agency distinct from police, and he suggested: a university, to make a careful study of the situation and report to Congress on what is needed to build up a more ef- ficient crime detecting and law enforc- ing system. He thought that this might lead to | setting up such a school in the National | Capital and letting the District of Co- lumbia police be the first to receive training there and then the police de- partments of other cities could send men from their forces to this school for fundamental training, who later would return to thelr communities and there set up local schools. BEATEN AI.“D ROBBED Charles Martin Bishop, 38, an em- ASSAULT CHARGES CONFRONT MAN Prisoner Is Held for Arraign- ment After Capture by G. W. U. Student. A charge carrying the death penalty has been placed against Dellie Clark, 35, colored, of the 1300 block of Q street following his identification yesterday as the attacker of two young women. Clark is held without bond at the tenth precinct station pending arraign- ment in Police Court tomorrow on two assault counts. It is alleged that he attacked one of the girls early Tuesday morning and the other early yesterday. He was captured by William Brainin of Capitol Heights, Md., 19-year-old George Washington University student, in front of the residence of one of the girls when her screams attracted his at- tention as he was passing. He grappled with Clark and held him until police arrived and took him into custody. One of the girls identified Clark as her assailant by scratches on his face, mouth and neck, which she said she inflicted in beating him off when he seized her as she was making her way home from her place of employment. FRANK H. STERLING, 38, DIES IN NAVAL HOSPITAL Son of Late Representative From Illinois Will Be Buried in Ar- lington Cemetery Saturday. Frank H. Sterling, 38, for many years a resident of this city and son of the late John A. Sterling, a Representative in Congress from Illinois from 1903 to 1913, died in the Naval Hospital here yesterday after a short illness. «Mr. Sterling 15 mother, Mrs. Clara Sterling, and a brother, Horace N. Sterling, both of Chicago, and a sister, Mrs. Howard C. Knotts of Springfleld, TIl. Funeral services will be conducted at the grave in Arlington Cemetery Sat- urday morning at 11 o'clock. Interment will be with full military honors. DOG ATTACKS 5-YEAR-OLD Boy, Playing in Yard, Bitten About Legs and Arms by Stray Animal. ploye of the Union News Co. at Union Station, was beaten and robbed of $36 last night. He told police two men at- tacked him on a dark roadway on the east side of the station. Bishop was taken to Sibley Hospital A stray dog attacked George Corcora 3d, 5 years old, while the child was playing in the back yard of his home, at 5426 Cathedral avenue, yesterday af- ternoon and bit him_several times on the legs and arms. The wounds were but he doubts whether it will work out | in a taxicab and treated for lacerations | treated by the boy's grandfather, George well in practice. If it were possible to centralize police control and training, it would be all right, but that the situa- ¥ tion in each community must be dealt of the head and left arm. He said that one of the men was white and the other colored. Bishop gave police a descrip- tion of both. Corcoran, sr,, while police captured the dog and sent him to the District pound for observation by Health Department officiale. survived by his; IFROST NIPS BUDS | AND SNOW CHILLS WINCHESTER FETE But Cold Blasts Fail to Check Enthusiasm of Thousands of Visitors. FURS OF PARADERS HIDE GAY UNIFORMS First Day’s Celebration Goes Ahead According to Schedule, With Colorful Indoor Affairs. BY ARMISTED W. GILLIAM, Staff Correspondent of The Star. ‘WINCHESTER, Va., April 24—Win- chester's festival of the Flowers of the Apple, opening today, was a pageant dulled as furs, to protect the partici- pants from the biting blasts of a snow and frost-laden wind, covered the frills and furbelows of other festival occa- sions. The apple blossoms were out in all their glory, dropping their petals to mingle with the light-falling snow that a feeble sun fought valiantly and finally conquered ,ust before the big opening event, the parade of 10,000 school chil- dren through the principal streets of the town. Forewarned by the weather man that the opening of the Apple Blossom cele- bration would be accompanied by chill blasts, parents sent their children to march in the parade in the accustomed white duck, but provided them also with warm overcoats that somewhat spoiled the uniform effect planned by the fes- tival management. Indoor Features Gay. The first day's celebration indoors, however, went on with renewed gayety, hosts and hostesses of the principal characters in the festival expanding their lists to take in celebraties that at the last moment found they could not stay away. Only two governors were on hand for the occasion, Gov. John Garland Pollard of Virginia and Gov. L. G. Hardman of Georgia. Upon the shoulders of Gov. Hardman fell the role of master of ceremonies at this after- noon's pageantry preceding the corona- tion of Miss Suzanne Pollard as Queen of the Shenandoah. Gov. Gardner of North Carolina and Gov. Conley of West Virginia, who pre- viously had announced their intention of attending, found late yesterday that they would not be able to leave the af- fairs of their States for the celebration, Frost Nips Buds. Winchester awoke this morning, of all mornings in Winchester's history, to find its apple blossoms all bedecked by the hand of Jack Frost, but the enthusiasm of the town itseif for the festive celebration of the blossoming of its favorite fruit was undampened by a light fall of snow that last night preceded the celebration of the flower- ing of King Apple. All night long every road leading into the blossom-bedecked Valley of the Shenandoah was jammed with visitors to the famed festival, and all night long the housing committee of . the festival association worked to get the visitors into warm and comfortable quarters as the unseasonable and chill breezes blow down the Valley. But the weather deterred none. By train, by airplane, by every road in the Valley flocked the thousands—even by boat they came, two intrepid canoeists, out for the unusual, paddling up Opequon Creek—while the hotels, their hallways filled with cots while the reservations of those who thought before they came remained open, sent their applicants to cots in hallways of “accommodations for tourists” and improvised boarding houses about the little town that is famed for being the home of the Byrds of Virginia, Harry, of gubernatorial fame and Richard Evelyn of North and South Pole fame. Work on Details, All night last night the officials of the Shenandoah Apple Blossom tival Association labored with the final details of celebration. But by bedtime every princess was in her appointed place, every attendant properly accom- modated and every little detail of the festival taken care of. The hawkers about the streets were arranging their accustomed wares, oblivious to the frosty bitterness of the air, and the carpenters were putting the last nails and decorations upon the hot dog and soft drink stands along the streets upon which the parade of the school children of Virginia, Maryland and West Vir- ginia passed this morning. Bright and early all Winchester was out in gay colors. For the townsmen it was a day of trade, and they were at their stands in time to take care of it. For ‘the visitors it was a day of rejoicing, and they also were out bright and early to take the places of those who, having celebrated the com- ing of the festival late into the eve- ning before, had retired. Ardent Spirits Seized. Bad news confronted those more hilarious celebrators of the coming into blossom of the apple tree. Winchester and State police announced early last evening that they had seized a total of 100 gallons of whisky and apple- jack intended for the festival visitors. Anticipating a convergence upon Win- chester by bootleggers and liquor run- ners, the city and State police were stationed at every entrance into the little town, and when known or sus- pected cars entered they were stopped and searched. Susanne Pollard, daughter of the Governor of Virginia and Queen of this year's Apple Blossom Festival, kept in seclusion this morning. Everywhere about town, however, were seen the rushing cars of her attendants as they participated in the gayety of Winches- ter's biggest two days of the year. She was to make her first public appearance this afternoon at the coronation, when Gov. Hardman of Georgia was to place upon her head the symbol of the nobil- ity of the lowly apple. The coronation was to take place this afternoon at 3 o'clock, following the “trail of the pink petals” in the pageantry that preceded the big event of the first day’s rejoicing of the flowering of the apple trees. Parade of Blossoms. A great deal went before the corona- tion. School children in gay attire hurried and scurried about town to take their appointed places in the “Parade of the Blossoms.” From Virginia, Mal land and West Virginia they came, school children to take part in the cele- bration, and, despite the frigid weather, | ; they put up a bold front and marched their gayest. Before the headquarters of the queen, but not for the sight of her highness. they marched for #pe benefit-of Gov. iy : @he Toening Star THURSDAY, APRIL 24, 1930. ociety and General BEAUTY REIGNS SUPREME AT APPLE BLOSSOM FESTIVAL Winchester today uccumbed to bevies of captivating girls as a two-d: gram opened in celebration of Virginia famous product—the apple. In the top photograph is a minuet group in the pageant; center is a dancing group, one of the parade features, and below are apple blossom girls. hotos. Pollard, Gov. L. G. Hardman of Georgia, Dr. James Howard Gore, former professor at Georgetown and George Washington Universities; Gen. Henry T. Allen, na- tive of Winchester, leader of the Ameri- can Army of occupation in the World War, and their wives and staffs. The reviewing stand stood before the home of Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Baker, who are hosts to this year's queen of the festival. Miss Pollard arrived in Winchester last night in true regal fashion. Shortly be- fore dark she came into Winchester amid the shrieking of sirens and the clatter of her motor cycle mounted es. cort_of nattily clad Virginia State po- licemen. Down the principal streets the entourage rode, Miss Pollard graciously bringing her benign blessings upon the homie of the Virginia apple. Just before the opéning of the festivi- ties of the day today it was announced here in Winchester that former Gov. Harry Flood Byrd of Winchester, who preceded Gov. Pollard in the guberna- torial mansion at Richmond, had com- | tod pleted negotiations by which he becomes owner of 2,800 acres of apple orchards, ylelding, at the lowest estimate, 200,000 barrels of fruit annually and thereby the largest individual apple grower in the world. Show at Airport. Following the coronation this after- noon therle Wlt.l an air show at Win- chester Airport. Band co;pcoeru were scheduled at the court house, the George Washington Hotel and the Handley Library. Tonight's big event will be the torch- light parade by all fire companies of ‘Winchester and visiting companies from Maryland, surrounding sections of Vir- ginia, Pennsylvania and West Virginia, beginning at 8 o'clock. All of the princesses of Queen Suzanne Pollard’s court will be guests at a re- ception given by Miss Pollard at the headquarters of the queen, the home of Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Baker. Follow- ing the reception the queen and her court will attend the annual apple blos- som ball in the l(}ld room of the George ‘Washington Hotel. Another ball is scheduled for the same time at the Hotel Drusilla, Jordan Spring, Va., about 6 miles northeast of Winchester. Program Tomorrow. At 10 o'clock tomorrow morning a salute will be fired to Queen Shenan- doah VII and her royal party, starting the second and final day's celebration of the apple blossoms. At 11 o'clock a pageant, “The Bud and the Bloom,” depicting the develop- ment of the apple blossoms, will presented in the Handley School sta- dium. At 2 o'clock the grand parade, “The Trail of the Pink Petals,” will start and wind its way through the principal streets of Winchester. More aerial acrobatics will be pro- vided at the Winchester Airport at 4:30 o'clock. ‘The final event of the festival will be the queen's ball, beginning at 9:30 o'clock at the Shenandoah Valley Academy. — SENTENCED FOR THEFT A 60-day | | | PHYSICAL SOCIETY GIVEN NEW THEORY Scientist Presents Explana- tion of Michelson-Morley-' Miller Experiments. Mysteries of and little universies were expounded at the annual meeting of the American Physical Soclety, which opened at the Bureau of Standards ay. Ayns' explanation of the fantastic results of the celebrated Michelson- Morley-Miller experiments was_offered by N. Galli-Shohat of Mount Holyoke College. More than 25 years ago Prof. Albert A. Michelson of the University of Chi- cago first performed the experiment of trying to prove the movement of the earth through space by light measure- ments which has kept physicists argu- ing ever since. By observations of the heavens it was obvious that the earth moved around the sun, presumably through the hypothetical ether. Light also moved through the ether. Hence it was taken for granted that if two beams of light were sent out simulta- neously, one in the direction of the for- ward movement of the earth and the other at right angles to it, and reflected back by mirrors to their starting point, the second would return a trifle sooner than the first. The mirrors would be moving with the earth. The light would be moving independent of the earth. Result Astonishing. ‘The astonishing result was that with | the finest conceivable methods of de- tection there was no difference at all in the time of the return journey. Light beams, moving at the same speed, seemed to cover different distances at the same time. Upon this result was predicated the Einstein theory, which upset all previously held conceptions of the structure of the universe. Then Prof. Dayton C. Miller of the Case School of Applied Sciences, at Cleveland, repeated the experiment with still finer methods of detection and claimed to find an actual difference in the return time of the two light beams, although less than would be predicted by the classical theory. Another element which might have affected the return time was the change in the positions of the mirrors relative fixed space by the rotation of the |P® carth on its axis at a rate of about 30 kilometers a second. This {m&!lblllfi' was examined by mathematicians, who found the difference so small that it could not possibly be detected. Movement of Solar System. But, Galli-Shohat told the physicists m, ':hebewhole l‘::l-:h ny:t;m is aup; movl rough space a an estimated speed 10 times that of the il sentence was meted out | rotation of the earth, and this would to James Taylor, 24, colored, of 623|cause an effect about the same as that Pennsylvania avenue, in Police Court|obtained by Miller. Thus the original this morning on a petit larceny charge ! finding of Michelson, that the forward was emplayed as a porter, Larceny of the t rested him yesterday. growing out of the theft of a typewriter | movement of the earth cannot be de- rom the Tally-Ho Tavern, where Taylor ' tected, would be upheld. A new instrument, the flarimeter, for 'writer was traced measuring shortness of breath, was de- to Taylor by Detective Sergts. James E. scribed by Kane and Curtis Trammell, who ar- dential Insurance Co. Dr, P. V. Wells of the Pru- ‘This test is im- eart portant in detecting he disease. —Star Staff Pl new instrument measures both short- ness of breath and vital capacity, or the volume of maximum breath expiration. These are often confused, Dr. Wells shid, and he pointed out that after ex- ercise, when the breath is coming in short gulps, the flarimeter measurement shows no decrease in vital capacity, while the special measuring device for shortness of breath shows a reduction to as much as one-third normal rate. Persons with -normal heart muscles, | he said, should be able to make a forced expiration of the breath for 50 seconds before the irresistible impulse to breathe stops the expiration. The new instrument, he pointed out, can be carried about by physicians in mak- ing standard tests. The dangers to high smokestacks from gtrong winds were pointed out by H. L. Dryden and G. M. Hill of the Bureau of Standards as the result of precise measurements in the wind tunnel at that institution where arti- ficial gales are created. They estimated that stacks are safe from wind speeds up to 100 miles an hour if the height is not more than 10 times the diameter and the walls are constructed to resist a pressure of 20 pounds a square foot. Extraordinary changes in musical tone of wind instruments made of different materials were described by Prof. Day- ton C. Miller and John R. Martin of the Case School of Applied Science. One of the experiments was with a zinc organ pipe with a double wall, The space be- tween this wall and the inner pipe, which alone supposedly was responsible for the tone of the sound, was filled with water and ' unusual differences noted. * Then the liquid was allowed to flow out gradually and a continual dif- ference in tone quality was noted. Other papers were presented this morning by Morris Muskat, W. O. Smith, Paul D. Foote and B. F. Busang of the Guif Research Laboratories Pittsburgh; R. A. Castleman, Bureau of Standards; W. H. Pielemeier, Pennsylvania State College; J. R. Harrison, University of Pittsburgh; Jacob Kunz, University of Dlinois, and A. Nadal, Westinghouse Manufacturing Co. . 4 WOMEN EXPECTED TO FIGHT DRY BILL Members of Reform Organization Planning to Testify Against Howell Proposal. A group of prominent members of the Women's Organization for National Prohibition Reform is expected to ap- ar in opposition to the Howell local prohibition bill when the Senate Dis- trict committee considers thé measure again at 2 o'clock tomorrow afternoon. The Howell bill contains the new search warrant vision, under which war- the presen or knowledge that liquor had been taken to or from the premises. Under the national prohibition law, evidence of a sale is required to obtain a warrant for a dwelling. Mrs, Frederick H. Brooke sald that Tepresentatives of the District branch of the Women's Organization for National Prohibition Reform would attend the meet tomorrow. The organization is holding a national convention in Cleveland, Ohlo, this week, and some of those connected with the local branch may return in time for the hearing morrow. PAGE B-1 BOARD T0 HEAR LETTERMAN CASE DESPITE AGQUITTAL All Evidence Against Vice Squad in Warrantless Raid to Be Sifted, Says Stoll. APARTMENT VISIT LEGAL, DECLARES HITT Judge, Ordering Directed Verdict, Says Liquor Fumes Jus- tified Entrance. Regardless of the exoneration of Sergt. O. J. Letterman in Police Court yesterday on a charge of illegal search growing out of a liquor raid made on an S street apartment recently, he will be given a hearing before the Police Trial Board Wednesday on specifica- tions resulting from the same case, offi- clals announced today. Inspecor Louis J. ‘Stoll, chairman of the board, said all the evidence against the vice squad chief would be sifted, just as though he never had been ex- onerated in Police Court. Letterman was found not guilty yes- terday after a motion for a directed ver- dict, once overruled, was granted on being restated by E. Russell Kelly, chief of defense counsel, when the Govern- ment closed its case. One of Kelly's chief arguments was that there had been marked discrepancies in the testi~ mony of Mr. and Mrs. Eleck Harmon, residents of an apartment at 1631 S street, who were the complaining wit- nesses. Arrest After Hart Ruling. ‘The Harmons brought about the ar. rest of Letterman when David A. Hart, assistant United States attorney in charge of liquor prosecutions, refused to issue papers against the pair after Letterman had taken them into custody on charges of possessing whisky. Hart ruled the raid was illegal because it had been made without a search warrant. Judge Hitt, in ordering a directed ver- dict, declared the raid was legal. He sald Letterman was justified in enter- ing the Harmon apartment, because “he smelled the fumes of an intoxicat- ing beverage” emanating from within. Mrs. Harmon testified that when she opened the of her apartment March 28, Letterman was there. She added, “He said he was an officer, knocked me behind the door and walked in.” The members of the squad then searched the apartment, finding almost a half a gallon of liquor in the kitchen and four half-gallon jars of whisky hidden in a clothes closet. The witness sald the raiders looked in her phono- graph, in her refrigerator and in bu- reau drawers. She pointed out that they failed to seize 36 bottles of beer and a 6-gallon crock of home brew, which remained to be bottled. She insisted that a jug sald by defense counsel to contain enough coloring matter to give a red hue to 1,000 gallons of whisky was “nothing but Georgia cane sirup.” Discrepancies in Testimony. ‘The discrepancies in the testimony of Mr. and Mrs. Harmon were on whether there were any whisky bottles in the apartment, whether Harmon ever had brought any liquor home himself and whether the Among other things Harmon testi- fled he did not know the name of the man from whom he had bought the whisky. He sald he formerly was a Jjanitor in an apartment house, where the Harmons once lived. Harmon de- clared the whisky had been bought for family consumption only. ‘While no defense witnesses were ques- tioned with the exception of a few character witnesses, Kelly in a state- ment to the jury said that Letterman had gone to the Harmon apartment in search of one Eddie Croghan, for whom he had a warrant charging the sale of liquor. . Kelly based his request for a directed verdict on several statements. He charged the law under which Letterman was-arrested applied to Federal prohibi- tion agents only and that Letterman was nothing but a policeman. Charles B. Murray, assistant United States at- torney in charge of the prosecution, contended Letterman was a prohibition agent and hac no authority to search the apartment for liquor. Among the character witnesses for Letterman were Representatives Ernest W. Gibson of Vermont and William C. Hammer of North Carolina. Idiah T. Warren of 1012 Massachu- i setts avenue, a member of the jury, de- clared today that he was considering writing to United Statss Attorney Leo A. Rover to complain against permitting the case against Letterman to be brought to trial, He said that while he was reluctant to speak for the entire Jjury, every member had been disgusted with the nature of the testimony against Letterman and all agreed the vice squad chief had been “put to a lot of unnec- essary trouble.” —_ HEADLEY IS ASSIGNED TO PROBE AUTO FIRE Inspector Will Investigate Charges Brought by Woman Against Member of Raiding Party. Inspector Albert J. Headley was to- day assigned by Maj. Henry G. Pratt, superintendent of police, to investigate a complaint by Mrs. Kate Knighton, 600 block of G street southeast, that James Mostyn, a member of the vice squad, was responsible for the burning of her automobile. According to her complaint, the vice squad raided her home during her ab- sence April 17, armed with a liquor warrant. Mrs. Knighton quoted two roomers at her home as saying that Mostyn went to the garage to search, and that shortly after he left smoke was seen coming from the garage and the car was burned. Mostyn, interviewed at headquarters today by Inspector Headley, denled the act attributed to him. PARKER DEFEAT URGED 19 of Dartmouth Social Science Faculty Petition Senators. Senators Moses and Keyes, N Hampshire, Republicans, have been ; titicned by 19 members of the social science faculty at Dartmouth College, to vote against confirmation of Ju John J. Parker's nomination to ST petition cited four objections e_petition ¢ lour ol to the North Carolina jurist, including “his attitude toward the rights of labor, Negroes and the evident greater to to- abllity of other men on the beuch at present.”