Evening Star Newspaper, February 15, 1929, Page 32

32 'DESERT AND SEA BRAVED BY ALIENS £ 10,000 Wait in Mexico for Chance to Reach Prom- slovakian or Teutonic accent, immigra- tion men will tell you. Suppose the European hasn’t the money to buy forged certificates and i t.hen ng‘e:e& ts ht:: ua 8! 's agent juaymas, Tendezvous of rich Americans who come down to Southern Mexican waters for the sporty deep-sea fishing. Guaymas is on the Gulf of California. Many Cross Deserts. Now the alien works north, either ovexland or by fishing boat. If over- land he must travel through a desert iland, covered with sentinel cacti, over ised Haven. How Chinese coollies and riffraff from Europe’s slums are smuggled across the Mexican border is re- vealed in article No. 5 of a series on the vast conspiracy to beat the quota law by means of which 1,300,000 eliens are illegally in the United States. BY NORMAN KLEIN. Ten thousand aliens from Europe and the Orient, it is estimated by the Border Patrol, wait in Mexico for the chance to slip into the United States. Thousands of Mexicans, too, are de- fying the toughest immigration laws this alien-laminated land has ever known. Mexicans, with their wives and chil- dren, shuttle illegally back and forth across the Rio Grande as employment on the American side and unemploy- ment on the Mexican side shifts and varies. All that holds back the waiting 10,- 000 Buropeans and Asiatics is a map- maker’s line. The line is inked across 1,800 miles of border—ranch lands, mountains and sagebrush. ‘The 747 men of the Immigration Border Patrol, part of which is de- ployed in Florida and on the Canadian frontier, haven't much chance against the determined army clamoring at this Rio Grande back gate. International gangs of smugglers well financed, experienced, brought many of the waiting 10,000—men, women, chil- dren—from Europe’s slums and hovels, by way of South America, Central America and Cuba. The plotters did not ask if these Eu- Topeans are diseased or fresh out of prisons or trouble-making radicals. If the emigrants or their relatives in the United States can put up the cash, they have no trouble in doing business with the international con- spirators. Many Orientals Wait Chance. Most of these foreigners in Mexico who are scheming to journey north are South Europeans, the types held down to a minimum in the quotas of the 1924 immigration law. Many others, particularly on the West Coast, are Chi- nese and Japanese brought over from lfi&e Orient by tongs and by rich fami- All have left homes iroubled by pov- erty, political oppression, starvation, epidemics. They have risked their lives . and their life savings on this expedition through America’s flimsy back door be- cause they want to find work and they have a cynical contempt, if, indeed, any of this riffraff ever thought at all about it, for the traditional high-wage standards of American workingmen, When they arrive in Mexico they are met at the ports by agents of the smuggler’s syndicate, if they have ar- ranged to be shepherded across the border. Many hundreds and thousands, of course, make their way on their own, l'elylnf on their wits to elude the border trol - You will see them in Mexico City ped- dling itry, asking tourists naive questions about the land of de:u;lr: to the nofl.h.u these aliens are lmltend men Horde Filters Over Border. ‘These outsiders worl toward the border ltnl in ld.diuonkmt: the 100,000 Mexicans save $8 head tax by entering country under the protecting haze of cactus the lonely, unfrequented #mmigration patrol is scaf Grande River is a mere wading L Andthelnum:fionubfldmnmmo ese. 'u'x'hzy pay from $150 to $1,000 to have assistance of smugglers, who collect waterless mesas, along valleys sprinkled with lonely ranches. He may encounter Yaqui Indians, but if he's poor he may not be. harmed. Mexico is a hospitable place. It's a hobo’s paradise. The ranchers never turn away a stranger. He can eat his fill of tortilla, jerked beef, beans. He can quench his thirst with tequila. Sometimes you'll find a rather intel- ligent European located in a Mexican hamlet which is so poor it has only a box car for a railroad station. What is this European, who may be a German or an Italian, doing in such a bleak place? The general store is run by Chinese. The eating house is a 'dobe hut run by native women. Well, the European may be operating a ga- rage, with the skeletons of ancient motor cars lying about his shack. There may be only three or four au- tomobiles operating in the district, but the European seems to be content. He is very affable to Americans who hap- pen along that way. What is his real business? Try to find out! So the alien, bound for the United States works his way north somehow. Perhaps the mysterious European that you inevitably find in even the smallest Mexican village contributes his assistance, giving temporary shelter, food and road directions. ‘The weather is always pleasant, cool at night, sunny during the day. Some- times, though, these aliens haven’t found it so pleasant. Sometimes they make the mistake of showing a roll of money. Then they may find several horsemen awaiting them in an arroyo. Dangerous to Carry Money. The bodies of Italians have been found in the mountains of Sonora. Other aliens have been spared, but robbed of everything they had—even their shoes. The border patrols have come upon foreigners, rags wrapped around their swollen feet, shuffiing along over the sun-blistered sand, lost in a maze of cactus and palo verde. If the alien can afford it he may take a train to the American border. The second-class coaches are cheapest. There ate no seats, but benches, painted a modernistic red, on each side of the coach. He may be somewhat awed by the sight of Mexican train passengers each THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. to the watchers at the fence and ride grandly into the United States. Hell know he's arrived, because the first thing he sees is a Woolworth store. Sideline for Rum Smugglers. There is, it must be admitted, a bit of risk going through this international gate at Nogales. But the fence doesn’t run very far out into the brush. So what's to keep the allen from being led by a smuggler across the unfenced hills at night? It has been done, they say. Zflu liquor smugglers work overtime at Nogales. In fact, citizens on the Arizona side don’t bother about going over to the International Cafe and bringing back some choice Scotch or wine. They telephone their orders to the smugglers and deliveries are prompt. These smugglers, the Nogales customs authorities declare, do a profit- able sideline business in aliens as well as_drugs. If the alien prefers, he may be taken aboard a fishing boat at Guaymas and brought north in the gulf. Then he will have to make a short trek overland to the border. Tia Juana, Mexico, the gambling, drinking, racing and whoopee resort where Americans are relieved of their dollars, is invaded every day by thou- sands of people from San Diego and Los Angeles. Possibly 10,000 or more motor down there on a good race day. Pleasantly incumbered with real re- freshments, these American visitors are sometimes persuaded to give a lift to amiable young foreigners, who tell hard-luck stories of a cleanout at the races. Aliens have thus been brought into California smuggled inside the rumble seats of roadsters and inside the back seats of sedans. Tramp Ships Aid Traffic. As for Chinese and Japanese, they come across the Pacific in tram steamers, in oil tankers and freighters. ‘They board small sailing boats in Mexi- can ports and are carried north to points off the California coast, where they are smuggled ashore. Government inspectors are constantly picking up these illegally landed ailens from the Orient. They are deported in groups of twenties and a hundred. But So far Congress has not appropriated the money to deport all the thousands | S who have found residence all over the United States. ‘The United States Department of Im- migration records 57,756 aliens legally entering the United States from the Republic of Mexjeo during 1928. This is almost 10,000 less than the total for the preceding year. In the vernacular of this border country these immigrants are denominated ‘“dry” Mexicans— meaning those who have come across international bridges or highways through immigration channels. No account is taken of “wet” Mexi- cans or other aliens, thousands of whom are said to have crossed into the United States during the last year, and in other years, illegally. These are called “wet” Mexicans because they have come through the Rio Grande or over imagi- nary border lines, burro-back, by swim- ming, wading, in rough-hewn boats or rafts and over perilous paths. _Fishing in the Rio Grande is best at night—so is smuggling. When darkness falls the Mexican fishermen ferry aliens across by the hundreds, At Rio Grande City, Tex., the river is shallow. One may wade it. Once there was a mean little burro on the Mexican side of the river that had a penchant for racing through the river to the American side. His owner, a simple farm hand, together with a few “friends,” would splash madly after the animal. Once over the river, the burro was easily corralled and the owner led him back, cursing the burro’s eccen- tricity. But the man always went back, leaving his friends to wring out their clothes on the American side. Cotton growers have been known to induce Mexicans to come across “wet” from Mexico. Some of these Mexicans fared badly at times. On one occasion President Calles protested that “our na- tionals have to defile in sad caravans to foreign lands to be exploited and buf- feted about, finally returning as poor and as miserable as they were when they left. The Europeans meanwhile continue to flock to Mexico en route for the land of the free. American consuis abroad have succeeded in several in- stances in obtaining the assistance of local police in breaking up, for a time, tr?e smuggling and passport-faking ngs. It doesn’t mean much. The traffic goes on. As long as hundreds of thousands of P | aliens are unable to squeeze into the quota the Mexican traffic will go on. There doesn’t seem to be much, appar- ently, that can be done about it. Espe- cially now, when Congress is more in- terested in bootlegging liquor than in the bootlegging of unwanted emigrants. In article six tomorrow Mr. Klein tells how Chinese pay as high as $1,000 “E;%:‘; to be smuggled into the United WoobpwarDp & LLoTHROP 10™ 11™ F axp G STREETS | Week-End Candy Special, 2 Ibs., 95¢ Two pounds of our delicious homemade candies, chocolates, creams, caramels and bonbons. Fresh daily. Thirty-one varieties. . . Candy prepaid and sent Parcel Post to any shipping point in U. S. free of charge. Canpies, First FLOOR. Men's Hats and Gloves ' all rosy promises hack in Europe when the syndicate solicitor arranged for the roundabout ride into the United States. The European is with passport and steamship icket to Mexico. If he has the money, about 3100, he also can buy a fake birth certificate. It is amazing how many Mexicans s) with a Ci Drapeties—at F1pTH, SIXTH AND SEVENTH FLOORS. Gray Mocha Gloves $4'50 pair A pair of these Fine Quality Gray Mocha Gloves will add just the right touch to your Spring Ensemble. These are shown in spear- back or black embroidered styles. Also Men's Light-weight Mocha Gloves, in the new mode shade, that will harmonize with your tan or brown Spring ensemble. $5. Men’s New Hats are higher-crowned The New Spring Stetsons with high, tapering crowns are blocked with more roll to the slightly narrower brims. Pastels in Silver Pearl, Pearl Gray, Thistle, Side and Oak are favored. Tllustrated—The Stetson “Avenue” which features the extremely high crown and welt edge. $10. $8.50 $10 $12 THE M=N’s STORE, Szconp PLOOR. are masterpieces of clothes craftsmanship Woodward Fifty Suits, *50 We could conceive of nothing finer from the standpoint of appearance— nothing greater from the point of value. We use infinite care in selection of woolens, that must wear enduringly, and tailor them into suits de- signed with painstaking precision—creating a suit embodying style, service- ability and character. Models for men afd young men, in the season’s best patterns and colorings. THE MEN's SToRE, SECOND FLOOR. 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