Evening Star Newspaper, December 2, 1928, Page 46

THE EVENING STAR WASHINGTON, D. C. EUNDAY.......December 2, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Neng:_per Company iness Offce: 3 3 ivania Ave. Illg:;"lm o ?‘n{uy it 42nd St 0 - "‘ - wtr‘ uflfl!\l. "Office: 14 Regent St.. London, Uropesn OM°t pnsiand. Within the City. Siinday Star ¢ POF menth ar .60c per month ay Star yhen 5 Sun -85 per month e Sunday Star 13050 vas B0 DAT 008 liection made at the end of each month. Qrders may be sent in by mall or telepnone Main Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ajly and Sunday....] yr.$10.00: 1 mo., 8¢ aily only 1 5r. $6.00; 1 mo.. 80c | Sunday only $4.00: 1 mo.! e0c All Other States and Canada. ally and Sunday. .l yr. 3100 4 mo. 81,00 &n ¥lonly L1011 3E. $8.00: 1 mo. 8¢ yro. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for repulization of all 1 ews dis- patches credited to it Or not. otherwise cred- e Berbite ALl HeRiS of Dublication of sublished herein. xhts of publica special dispatches herein are also reserved. Financing the Municipal Center. An article in today's Star describes the general tone of discussions now cur- rent at the District Building over plans 1o acquire land for the proposed munici- pal center and to finance the purchase. ‘These plans, it must be realized, are only tentative. The Commissioners are simply casting about in their minds for the best way to begin a task which, while it may require many years to complete, _soon must be undertaken. They have under consideration the ad- visability of seeking an advance from the Federal Treasury, to be used in buying the land immediately, and to be repaid over & number of years at a low rate of interest. The sinking fund, un- der this tentative plan, would be accu- mulated on the basis of a Afty-ffty ratio between the District and the Fed- eral Government. A bond issue or Treasury advance to meet pressing needs of the District is of course no new idea. In compara- tively recent years the District wiped out the last dollar of a bonded indebted- ness incurred when the city, far behind in its needed improvements, borrowed money to obtain necessary funds. In the last few years the idea has been advanced time and again, particularly n reference to the moneys needed for the purchase of park lands. But the District has invariably approached the subject with extreme caution. It has been unwilling to undertake obliga- tions for Capital building without a guarantee from Congress that the Fed- eral Government would participate in principally when a Democratic adminis- tration undertook to lower the tariff duties, or to adopt a “tariff for revenue only” plan, instead of the Republican protective tariff principle. Members of Congress—the Republican members, at least—are inclined to feel that business would not be disturbed by a revision of the tariff, along Republican lines, at the outset of the Hoover administration. ‘That there will be discordant notes and strife when a revision of the tariff is undertaken goes almost without say- ing. The importing business in this country has grown enormously, despite the tariff wall, and the importers will ask in some instances for a reduc- tion of the tariff. Some of the so-called international bankers are credited with being opposed to high protective tariffs, fearing that by shutting out European products their interest abroad will be jeopardized. Despite the announcement by Gov. Alfred E. Smith, when he was making his race for the presidency, that the country had nothing to fear from a Democratic administration and that the principle of protection would govern in tariff making, there will be a clamor, it is expected, from some of the Dem- ocrats on Capitol Hill for lower duties on many products. Chairman Hawley apparently is op- posed to plecemeal revision of the tariff. The problem should be dealt with as a whole, in his opinion. To this, many of the Eastern members of Con- gress are expected to assent. In 1921, just after the close of the World War, the Republicans came into power and immediately put through an emergency farm tariff act. The farmers were faced with post-war deflation, and many of their products had been placed on the free list in the Underwood-Simmons tariff act of 1913. The Fordney-Mc- Cumber tariff act, a general revision of the tariff, followed later. If there is to be a general revision of the tariff, the House ways and means committee will be wise to begin its hearings early. To wait until a special session shall have been convened by Mr. Hoover next Spring would be merest folly. ‘The tariff hearings are likely to run six weeks, and if there was nothing before Congress, its members would have to twiddle their thumbs while the ways and means committee was conducting hearings during all that time. ———————————— “The Same Destination.” President-elect Hoover's arrival this week in South American waters is bound to rivet increasing attention upon the dramatic international excursion which he decided to take before assum- ing office next March. Agreement already is universal that the journey has begun amid most auspicious auguries. No misstep or false note marred Mr. Hoover's skirting of the West Coast of refunding the debt on the basis of a fixed ratio which remains a part of organic law. It was with this under- standing that the District secured ad- vances in the past. It must be on this basis alone that the District will seek advances in the future. In the case of the present proposal, the Commissioners will have good rea- son to insist on the application of the fifty-Aifty ratio in refunding a Treasury advance. The proposed municipal cen- ter will replace the present municipal building, which was built by equal con- tributions_from the District and the Federal governments. The District's equity in the building and land amounts to half the value of the investment and ‘when Uncle Sam finds it necessary to confiscate, in effect, this property for his ewn use, he should not only recog- nize this equity, but apply the same principle in the acquisition of the new zite and buildings that ewtended to the purchase of the present building. In addition, the proposed municipal center will be built in accordance with the plans of the Federal agencies to beauti- 1y the National Capital. It must take its place as one of a group of imposing structures. Utilitarianism alone will not set the scale upon which it is to be constructed. Those who originated the proposal envisioned this group of civic buildings as a model for every city, and not merely as the new home for the municipal government of the District. There can be no doubt of the wis- dom*in purchasing the land for the mu- nicipal center as soon as possible and there is logic in the contention that it should be acquired as a whole instead of parcel by parcel. Every year of de\y in buying the land in the triangle north of the Avenue will mean so much more in dollars and cents when th$ time comes for the money to be paid. Much ‘water will flow under the bridge before the municipal center is completed. But ihe year 1928 is none too soon to begin. et ‘The cause of universal peace will be promoted by an understanding such as Mexico and the United States find as practical as it is agreeable. Suspicions become habits with nations as with persons. ] The Tariff Program. ‘To revise or not to revise the tariff is the question which Republican mem- bers of the House ways and means committee will be called upon to decide tomorrow. Chairman Willis C. Hawley of Oregon, who succeeded Judge Green as head of the committee, has sent a hurry call to his committee members. ‘It is his purpose to have the majority members determine whether hearings be begun looking to a general revision of the Fordney-McCumber tariff act. No one—least of all, Chairman Hawley— believes it will be possible for a revision of the tariff to be made in the coming short session of Congress. If the com- mittee does begin work on the tariff schedules at this time, it- will be for the purpose of being ready to submit a tariff bill at a special session of the new Congress, which is looming more and more as a probability. The Hoover administration when it comes into office on March 4, therefore, is likely to be faced with a tariff revi- sion program. Indeed, promises have been made many times to the farmers that greater protection shall be given their products by means of the tariff, and Mr. Hoover has pledged him- self to such a program. New Eng- land and her textile mills are clamoring ; for ald through the tariff. Her repre- sentatives in Congress are prepared to demand an increase in rates on textiles Central America. His fellow countrymen rest assured that impending events in South America, at least in so far as it remains within the President-elect’s power to order them, will come and go with the same happy results. Apropos Mr. Hoover’s presence on the other side of the Equator, it is pertinent to recall a forgotten speech delivered by him two years ago, while he was Sec- retary of Commerce. It reveals that the next- President of,the United States is not now engaged in preaching any new gospel of Pan-American amity, made to order for his present-hour purposes. “We are fellow travelers bound for the same destination,” was Mr. Hoover's concluding observation on the occasion in question, after sketching the common purposes underying democracy in the Western World. “Other more centralized forms of government,” said Secretary Hoover, “have perhaps an apparent advantage in that they can maintain continuity of policies over long periods of years. They can thereby establish and maintain alliances. They can perhaps successfully juggle with ententes and balances of power. The structure of eur republics does make for high devotion to country, great willingness to sacrifice and there- fore sturdy strength in the direct issues of national defense and the protection of our citizens abroad. And these fundamental characteristics of our parallel institutions require simplicity and directness in our relations. In them lles the real safety of the Western Hemisphere from imperialism within {tself.” Before the President-elect has quit the hospitable soil of the Latins of the ‘West, this creed is sure to be preached “with all the power that comes from sincere reiteration. There are vital por- tions of South America—the A B C countries of Argentina, Brazil and Chile, for example—where the Monroe Doctrine does not enjoy unalloyed popularity. By the time South America has heard the Hoover doctrine proclaimed “in person,” an outside world is likely to discover that the keystone of Western Hemi- sphere statesmanship is imbedded in an arch propped firmly on every side, all the way from the tempestuous Cape Horn to the unfortified Northern border of the United States. The twenty-one soverelgn nations comprehended by that span are all bound “for the same destination.” Sarcastic reference to the Kellogg peace plans comes naturally enough from Mussolini, whose ambitions to restore the glories of ancient Rome could not possibly be realized without displays of military magnificence. —ene A Belated Confirmation. “Science” now upholds the idea that punishment as the result of one's own mistakes causes, or tends to cause, a distinct diminution of those errors either of judgment or of mechanical performance. It has taken science a long, long time to come along and put its O. K. on what every savage and almost every animal, even of the lowest intelligence, has known almost since life first ap- peared on this footstool. 'Way back in the colorful reign of King Solomon this fact was put into proverbs and pre- cepts, and doubtless rulers the very resting place of whose dust had been forgotten when Solomon lived had sub- jects whose experience was embodied in the equivalent of “The burned child dreads the fire.” Eighty students were enlisted by an eminent psychologist out in 8t. Louis as subjects for tests which showed a dis- imported into this country, if there is to be tariff revision. In the past, tariff tinkering by Con- gress has sometimes unsettled business. ! metal stylus along & concealed maze.|naye But these -periods of unrest have come tinct score in favor of “punishment,” when not too severe, as a corrective to- ward the perfect manipulation of a a member of one group “Evewy time I THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, bumped the thing into & cul-de-sac or made a wrong turn, or retraced with it, a mild electric shock was the result. Efery time a member of a second group did the same thing, nothing happened. One guess is given as to which group eventually gave the best performance. One is enough; those who were “pun- ished” for their errors soon were able to achieve a score distinctly higher than that of the other group as to correctitude, although in some cases they consumed more time. There it is again—"Haste makes waste.” Hooray for science! It is all set forth satis- factorily and scientifically, Q. E. D. But Mrs. Hottentot and all the little Hot- tentots knew it all already; so does Mrs. Brown Bear and her fuzzy cubs, and Mrs. Virginia Deer whose dappled fawn obeys orders or else suffers pain- ful consequences. There are some who do not know it yet; although they have heard it is so. These include the off- spring of parents of wealth, of kindli- ness, but of a “dumbness” which deems as an asset protection from the bumps of the world we live in. The old “Uni- versity of Hard Knocks” gives out the most diplomas, has, and probably al- ways will have, the largest living alumni body, and both its faculty and students will view these latest scientific experi- ments with all the amused tolerance of 8 spectator watching a demonstration to the effect that a “Wet Paint” sign means what it says. e A typical underworld product, Rothe stein and his companions imitated the rats who provide themselves with se- cret runways and hiding places. Fresh alr and sunshine are not, as a rule, greatly favored by professional crimi- nals. ———— .There is no need to worry about the future of Calvin Coolidge. He has dem- onstrated his possession of a level head, ‘ which will be of value to any large en- terprise so fortunate as to claim his active interest. e ‘There were bygone days when Mex- feo never thought of a simple inaugura- tion and was well satisfied if a com- paratively quiet election could be ar- ranged for. o The theory that the Vestris disaster will bring about new methods of ship inspection is one that should imme~ diately be placed in process of practical demonstration. ———— The late Thomas Fortune Ryan is sald to have had more wealth than he knew what to do with. He was very positive, however, in his knowledge of things he did not desire to do with it. ———— In spite of distinguished precedents the exceedingly simple inauguration will not be accepted without regrets as a national custom. ———et—. A slight drop in prices is followed by a quick recovery. Even a stock market needs an occasional rest. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The New Friend. ‘The old hat, the old coat, The good old easy shoe— Are things that we must all note For a departure due. Yet as the many years extend Where we life's way pursue, The old friend, the dear friend— Is one that's always new, A Subscriber. “Do you subscribe to the teachings of Thomas Jefferson?” “I do,” answered Senator Sorghum. “I haven't had time to read all he said. | jterest. But every time a book agent comes around boosting him, I subscribe.” Jud Tunkins says nobody is entirely lazy. The trouble is that everybody wants to be boss. Bearer of Gifts. Locomotive hollering Yonder on the hill— Used to want the birds to sing With a gentle skill. ‘That big iron friend will bring Songs my heart to thrill— Locomotive hollering Yonder on the hill. ‘Welcome. “Have you traveled in Europe?” “I have,” said Mr. Dustin Stax. “Did you feel welcome?" “Reasonably so. But, of course, I'm no aviator.” “An honorable man, id Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “smiles as cheer- fully when he pays as when he bor- Tows.” Adjustable Comment. The statesman murmured with regret, “My present words of cheer 1 hope will teach folks to forget Some words I spoke last year."” “If everybody had to understand ex- actly what he was talkin' 'bout,” sald Uncle Eben, “dar'd be a heap o silence.” - ————— Shotgun Justice. From the Oklahoma City Daily Oklahoman. A Marietta killed one bank rob- ber and severely wounded another. The same possemen on a trial jury prob- ably would have given the robbers as much as three years in the penitentiary. R “Do Bor Cods.” From the Boston Evening Transcript. The common cold must be taken seriously, says one of the experts, in which case, it may be added, it will probably be taken less frequently. o They Do in Chicago. From the Chattanooga News. Perhaps those Chicago politiclans named in the sanitary district graft cases were only trying to clean up. rooes Always Two Sides. From the Fort Worth Record Te Not being able to stand &roapmty has two great subdivisions—the prosperity of the first person singular and that of the third persons plural. o Aviatian’s Opportunity. From the Toledo Blade. ) If the alrplane is ever made fool- proof, as pl:;)pmfised. it wil be the only thing that is. —— e As Barnum Said. From the Indianapolis News. With all' the commissions they are making, the New York brokers ought to Wn Christmes while the bs. are a fat grave [ DECEMBER o =y EVERYDAY RELIGION BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, LL. D, Bishop of “The love of Christ constraineth us."—II Corinthians, 5.14. A Finer Spirit. When Henry Drummond wrote his famous book, “The Greatest Thing in the World,” he maintained that the love motive was the most dominant that ever affects human thought and human conduct. When we come to an- alyze the compelling forces that lie b hind our thought and practice, we dis- cover for ourselves the true basis of our character. We early determine for our- selves what is to be the purpose or design of life and we set ourselves to the task of accomplishing it. The mo- tives that govern us determine and fix our methods. ‘The man who believes the world owes him a living and that the end of life is acquisition will be governed by self- ish motives. Everything that interferes with the pursuit of his one quest will be ruthlessly attacked. In his passion for accomplishing his own ends he will still the promptings of conscience, refuse to obey the law of fair play, and come to regard every one as his enemy if he stands in his way. To such an one every ideal of life is subordinated to one seifish end, namely, self-satis- faction. A like condition is disclosed in the man who pleasure, the gratifi- cation of his desires and passions, as the legitimate end of being. Life has but mfl:mmm;fumfl hgn‘i and to ap- ease his a) e disreg: {he law of 8‘;1 and man. The motive of his life is gratification. He hardens his heart to every good impulse and silences his soul to every high call. The man who wrote the passage, “The love of Christ constraineth us,” had in his earlier career conceived of himself as the protagonist and guardian of a traditional religious faith that ren- dered him Insular and selfish. Beyond the pale of his own little cult there was no virtue, Those who differed from him Washington must be persecuted. Their way of life was inconsistent and wholly out of consonance with what he conceived to be the will and purpose of God. Ar- rested at the height of his career by a strange experience, he sustained a change so radical that he reversed his course and substituted for the motive of hate the motive of love. Having caught a vision of the mean- ing of the life of Christ, he became the zealcus advocate of a new and better way and with broadened sympathies and a better understanding of his rela- tion to his fellows he became the cham- pion of a charity that “suffereth long. and is kind.” He no longer conceived of himself as bound by racial ties; he became & world citizen. Breaking away from the narrow limitations of an in- suar fellowship, he saw himself as the brother of every man, the exponent of a world salvation. His was the religion of the greater fellowship. Christianity, if it be true to the ideals of its Founder, cannot degenerate into an exclusive sect or coterie. Its great mo- tive is the love motive. Its vision of its obligations must be comprehensive. It dare not be exclusive, insular or pro- vincial. Any party spirit or conceited notions concerning the superior excel- lence of its votaries is out of conso- nance with the design of Christ. Nearly 2,000 years have passed since He walked among men and taught them, and yet we seem to be far removed from that ideal of life He came to demon- strate. Bigotry and intolerance have re- atedly hindered His church and para- ?;ud its endeavors. Let us dare to believe that, in spite of local experience to the contrary, we have fallen upon a better day, where the love motive is to be more conspicu- ous in its expression and more evident in human affairs. ‘As Thy prospering hand hath blest May we give Thee of our best; Aud by deeds of kindly love For Thy mercies grateful prove; Singing thus through all our days, Praise to God, immortal praise.” Coolidge World Court Idea Brings Discussion of Obstacle BY W. C. MURPHY, JR. When President Coolidge revived the question 7f American participation in the World Court recently he started an informal discussion in official circles which has brought out the fact that the substantial obstacle in the way of such participation is an absence of a clear cut delimitation of the powers of the council of the League of Nations. Furthermore, it is disclosed in the talk here at this week end that the at world powers which dominate the {::[ue have, so far, avoided any at- tempt to remove this ambiguity. It is assumed that their attitude soon will be cleared up through new obligations which the President is expected to in- itiate, if, indeed, steps have not been taken already in that direction. Chiet Question Involved. The question which, it is believed, is the crux of the situation may be stated as follows: “Is_an unanimous vote required in the Council of the League to ask the court to render an advisory opinion?” The answer to that question, if it should be answered, will determine whether acceptance of the Senate reser- vations to the resolution authorizing American participation in the court would give the United States an undue advantage over other powers. Of the five reservations attached by the Senate to the resolution which authorized the President to commit the United States to adherence to the Court, the fifth is believed to be re- sponsible for the failure of any of the great powers to accept the conditions laid down by the United States. This is the reservation which provides that the Court shall not “without the con- sent of the United States, entertain any request for an advisory opinion touching any dispute or question in which the United States has or claims Believed to Give U. S. Power. ‘This led to the argument that it pro- posed to give to the United States the wer, in practice, to prevent the Court rom rendering any advisory opinions at all because the United States might “claim” an interest in almost mi’ con- celvable question. In answer it has been contended that every nation repre- sented on the Council of the League al has the power to prevent a request for an advisory opinion and, therefore, no peculiar advantage would be given the United States. Such upln!mu are rendered in response to requests made by the council. The covenant of the League provides that all actions of the council shall be taken by unanimous vote except on questions o¥ procedure. Hence, unless a request for an advisory opinion is classed as a question of precedure, any one of the powers represented on the council— and all of the great powers have perma- nent seats except the United States— is in a position to prevent a rezuest for an advisory opinion being made. The whole subject thus simmers down to the question of whether or not a request for an advisory opinion is a matter of procedure. No General Attention Given. The importance of a decision on this question was appreciated during the last session of Congress, although 1t did not receive general attention at that time. Senator Gillett of Massachusetts intro- duced a resolution to request the Presi- dent to rec‘ogen negotiations with other nations with a view to obtaining their acceptance of the Senate reservations. While this resolution was under con- sideration by the committee on forelgn relations an amendment was suggested and informally adopted to ask that the President communicate with nations holding seats on the League council and seek to have the Council ask the court itself for an advisory opinion as to whether a unanimous vote is required in such cases. The Gillett resolution was then tabled by the committee with the understanding that it would be taken up at the first meeting during the forthcoming session. In the speculation which has been aroused by the movement to reopen the World Court question, it has been suggested that the President may fol- low the course outlined in the amend- ment just discussed. Such a course, it is pointed out, would give definiteness to the communications which the execu- tive branch of the Government must send to foreign natlons. It would re- move such communications from the category of mere “follow up letters” asking for a decision on a question al- ready submitted to the other powers when the Senate resolution was adopted in January, 1926. Lack of Enthusiasm. However, there has been some com- ment on the fact that while every one of the 14 advisory opinions so far requested by the council have been backed by an unanimous vote in that body, the great powers have, quite re- cently, indicated that they are not enthusiastic about a judicial determin- ation of the requirement of unanimity. During the last meeting of the Assembly of the League Switzerland proposed a resolution to ask the council to call for an advisory opinion on that sub- ject, The larger nations emasculated this resolution in the assembly so that in the form In which it finally passed it merely suggested that the council seek a determination of the question al some time in the council's discre- | tlon. As & possible explanation of the atti- {ude of the great powers, it has been suggested that the latter do not want to make it possible for one of the smaller nations which might happen to hold one of the non-permanent seats in the council to block the will of the larger nations. (Copyright, 1928 ———— Multitude of Industry Measures Are Pending BY HARDEN COLFAX. A multitude of legislative proposals directly affecting business and industry, and hence the interests not only of stockholders and those engaged in man- agement, but of the whole body of the people in their role of consumers, is scheduled to come before Congress during its session which will begin Mon- day. ‘The clatter of a sad-eyed but greatly heartened farm relief cannot drown out the insistent knocking of many other measures less spectacular bu& nevertheless important, as they demand admittance and consideration. That distant but growing rumble is tariff revision, impatient because only three months of life remain to this Congress and gathering momentum for a mass assault upon the legislative breastworks as early as possible in the Seventy- first Congress if no opportunity is pre- sented this Winter. Already the calendars of the two Houses bear the imprint of measures of importance, some of which have re- ceived action in one branch of Con- gress More are well advanced in com- mittee consideration. Others await in- itiation. Boulder Dam Bill First. Enactment this Winter of a McNary- Haugen agricultural stabilization bill would surprise no one, but it will have no more than a mere bowing acquaint- anceship with older measures of similar designation. The Senate has as its first order of legislative business the Boulder Dam bill, heretofore fruitful of filibusters, while no decision has been reached as to a definite course of action regarding disposition of Muscle Shoals since the President gave the joint resolution passed last session a pocket veto, and both of these subjects embody principles of intense interest to public utilities and other industries. A drive for further restriction of immigra- tion is certain. Much discussion, even if no final action, is in sight in regard to financial questions tinged with a public interest, with stock market loans in the forefront and Federal Reserve Board policies and powers slated for X-ray examination. The Senate has on its calendar a bill to create a “prosperity reserve” through construction of public works in periods of recession in private industry, & subject discussed widely during the recent presidential campaign. Bills passed by the House and await- ing action on the Senate calendar of especial interest to business include one to put a crimp in the sale of products of factories operated by convicts by divesting prison-made goods of their interstate character and making them subject to the laws of the State where offered for sale; and another to regulate practice in the Patent Office so as to prevent fraud upop the thousands of ambitious inventors. Senate committees have before them bills already passed by the House pro- viding for the 1930 census, which em- braces many items of concern to busi- ness and industry; extending the postal collect-on-delivery service, and amend- }nl and consolidating the trade mark aws. While the House cleared its calendar of the major State bills which had reached that stage before adjournment May 29, having only six Senate meas- ures of restricted interest on its cal- | ¢ : ender now, but pending before House committees are various bills which have passed the Senate, among which is one to provide for an investigation of the feasibility of crop insurance and an- other to create a hydraulic laboratory. Cotton Bills Pend. Both branches of Congress have bills pending in various stages of advance- ment which are designed to regulate trading in cotton, and one on the Sen- ate calendar would prohibit futures trading in both cotton and grain. On the Senate calendar, awaiting de- bate, is a bill to repeal the Pullman surcharge by the railroads of the coun- try. The Senate previously has acted favorably on similar measures, but the House thus far has declined to act on the ground that Congress should not legislate on specific railroad rates, but should leave this subject to the Interstate Commerce Commission. A rallroad measure of wide importance on the House calendar is the Parker bill, designed to facilitate mergers of the rail carriers into great systems. to repeal old statutes restricting im- rtation of cigars from Cuba, which is ntended to bring about a new parcel ost convention with the island repub- ic and around which a warm fight will revolve if it is pressed. Many familiar measures remain in the committee stage. Among them the price maintenance bill, which, if enacted, would legalize resale price- fixing of competitive goods and thus do away with cut-price sales in the com- modities affected. Despite the limitation upon the life of this Congress and the time which it lmun consume necessarily in_enacting appropriation bills for the 1930 fiscel year, the Jawmakers may be expected : The House calendar also carries a bill | ti L) 1998—PART Capital Sidelights One of the greatest heroes of this; Nation, about whose exploits the pub- lic is woefully ill-informed, George Rogers Clark, under whose leadership the great Northwest Territory was ac- quired, out of which have been develop- ed five States and part of a sixth State comprising one-fifth of the population and one-fourth of the wealth and re- sources of the United States, is about to receive tardy recognition in the | form of a permanent memorial on the |site_of his greatest achievement and |a Nation-wide historical, patriotic and cducational celebration in commemora- tion of the 150th anniversary, February 25. 1929, of his capture of Fort Sack- ville, Vincennes, Ind. Senator Simeon D. Fess of Ohio has been made chairman of a commission arranging for this celebration and the commission is to meet here a weck from Tuesday, December 11. Presi- | dent Coolidge advocated such action by the Federal Government, during the last session of Congress. ‘The old Northwest Territory embraced the region north of the Ohio River be- {tween the Alleghenies and the Missis- sippi River. It now comprises the States of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Ohlo, Wisconsin and part of Minne- sota, ‘The principal feature of the proposed memorial is a hall of history, in which may be recorded the history of the de- velopment of the Northwest Territory down to the present day. Senator Fess emphasizes that the success of the military expedition or- ganized and commanded by George Rogers Clark in 1778-79, culminating with the capture of Fort Sackville, con- quering the alronf and well equipped British risons in the Northwest, is one of the most remarkable and out- standing achievements of the Revolu- tionary War. The British control and domination of the Northwest was ter- minated and this rich and now popu- lous region became American property by the treaty of 1783. Further than that, Clark’s victory prevented the materialization of the British plan of an Indian crusade in the Spring of 1779 against the border | .settlements. If this plan had been car- ried out, Washington's armies in the field would have been seriously depleted, as the sharpshooters from the frontiers, who made possible the victorles of Cowpens and Kings Mountain, would have been needed to defend their homes against the Indians. * k¥ X With the important minority office of “whip” about to be filled, owing to the recent death of Representative Wil- liam A. Oldficld of Arkansas, many in- | quiries have been made regarding the history and duties of this office. Rep- resentative Guy U. Hardy of Colorado has made a careful study and answers these inquiries as follows: The office of whip comes to us from the British Parliament—that is, the name does, and it has been used for some 200 years. It is probable that every legislative body, as long as there have been such bodies, has had some person who has acted in this capacity. ‘The whip looks after the membership of his party and endeavors to have them present to vote on important measures. When the vote is apt to be close, he checks up, finds out who is out of the city and advises absentees by wire of the important measure coming up. There are many hours of long debate when many members do not feel it necessary to be present and listening, and they go along attending to the! other business, which in many cases is Ehreuln, ‘The whip keeps posted on e dally program, and if someth: important comes up where votes wil be taken, he notifies the membership of his party. Occasionally members’ offices are notified by phone from the whip's office that “all members are de- sired on the floor immediately.” After such notice is phoned around, you will see the House gradually fill up with members. " The Republican whip has also a duty to perform in connection with the White House. The President occasion- ally seeks information from the whip as to the sentiment of the House on important administration measures, about the prospect of passage of cer- tain bills, and the whip naturally re- flects the President’s view about many things and is in a position to know the administration’s policy. ‘The Republican whip was formerly appointed by the Speaker, but is now chosen by the party caucus. Repre- sentative Albert H. Vestal of Indiana is serving as Republican whip at this time. He has served six terms in Con- gress. Some others who have rendered distinguished service as Republican whip have been Thomas B. Reed, James ‘Wilson, later Secretary of Agriculture; James E. Watson, now United States Senator from Indiana; James A. Taw- ney and John*w‘ Ewlfhl. | ket, Senator Ralph B. Howell of Nebraska, recently re-elected, who went abroad at the behest of Will H. Hays while the latter was Postmaster General to study radio-telegraphy and other ‘“communi- cations” when the administration was considering _the advisability of havin the Post Office Department change into a department of communications, under the plan of reorganization which is going before the next Congress, takes this long look backward along the way trodden by his ancestors: “Upon an occasion during the Revo- lutionary War Gen. Washington made his headquarters at the home of my great-great-grandfather. At that time my great-grandfather was a boy of 14 and it seems to have been officially noted that he voluntarily and at great hazard successfully carried dispatches for Gen. Washington through the Brit- ish lines. At that time my family were seasoned Americans, as the first Howell, from whom I am descended, landed on these shores from Wales in the latter part of the seventeenth century.” * ¥ X X Senator Harry B. Hawes, who when 29 years of age was president of the St. Louis Police Department, who during the World War performed notable mili- tary intelligence work both with the gnenl staf in Washington and in -ance and Spain and who subsequently was assistant military attache at the United States embassy in Madrid, has set up in his home in’St. Louls a com- plete Spanish room of the sixteenth century Erlmt It is furnished with titles, pal ung furniture and fittings brought from Spain. He has the largest collection of the work of Cervantes in e United States and has specialized in the study of that master’s great work, “Don Quixote.” His particular hobby is dogs, He was for many years president of the Mississippi Valley Kennel Club and a delegate to the American Kennel Club. Dog breeders and fanciers all over the United States consult and ad- vise with him about the breeding and training of dogs. e Christmas Deliveries. From the Sioux Ctiy Tribune. Postmaster General New announces that postal clerks are going to get their Christmas holiday this year even if un- delivered packages fill the post offices when December 25 dawns. When work is finished on Christmas eve, everything will wait until the day after Christmas —no matter who has to wait for his presents. This s good sense. Christmas has often meant a period of utter misery for the postman instead of a time of rejolcing. He deserves a little consid- enun‘x:. and we're glad to see he's get- ng There is, of course, a moral attached. It is: Do your Christmas shopping—and mailing—early. If you put it off to the last minute, you can hardly expect overworked clerks to give up their holi- a;;" 8o that your gifts may arrive on e. And if you are delayed—don't forget that the air mail will expedite delivery. to pass considerable legislation this Winter, including some measures not yet introduced, and thus keep up a rec- ord for work which was set at a high mark during the first session of the Seventieth Congress. (Copyright, 1028.) STUDYING THE ——— STOCK MARKET | 1 BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. For more than a year the daily news- papers have constantly reported news of sensational days on the stock mar- The volume of stocks traded in as & matter of course on a normal day of 1928 has been far in excess of out- standing big days a short time’ ago. Four and five million share days no longer are nine days’ wonders. But with all this highely speculative activity there have been fewer hard luck stories of disastrous losses on the exchange, of traders being wiped out in flurries, of suicides over the calling of margins, and that whole train of tragedies which for long seemed insep- arable from stock market trading. One reason is that for a remarkably long period the market has been a ris- ing one, but this steady and sustain- ed upward movement has not been without eddies, which for brief periods have caused strong recessions—precise- 1y the sort of eventuality which former- Iy caused quick losses. The real rea- son seems to be that stock market trading is carried on on a more scien- tific basis than ever before. Traders, even amateurs, have taken to studying statistics. The layman recolls quite naturally from so obviously dull a study, but experience latterly has taught him_that he will avoid losses and reap profits by overcoming his prejudice and applying himself to an understanding of the laws of supply and demand and the facts ooncami"nu those elements which have an effect upon 3 The day seems to have passed when trading is governed by stock market tips, doled out to favorites in secret, overheard in brokers' offices or hotel lobbies. In place of such tips the mod- ern trader is using statistics and with fortunate effect. W. M. Steuart, director of the census, in his annual report just submitted. says: “The United States ranks first of all nations as a compiler of statis- tics, these data covering practically every important phase of our business and social existence. During the last fiscal year the Census Bureau published nearly 3,000,000 items, each containing a number of figures representing some phases of our social, industrial or busi- ness activity.” When it is realized that the Bureau of the Census is but one agrncy of the Federal Government whicn compiles and makes public statistical data, it will be seen what a vast stor. of helpful material is available to the man who desires to be intelligently informed. Trading on Scientific Basis. Stock market trading is not a mat- ter of luck. Prices go up or down be- cause of certain c factors govern- ing the commodities represented by the stocks dealt in. The trader who equips himself with Information rey g these factors stands a vastly greater chance of winning in th> market than he who proceeds by guesswork, by vague tips and by hunches, For long the American public mind has m‘:""‘d of L'hl: stock mltrm speculator as a rather lrony b flashily dressed and bedight with 5&'- monds—a type but little removed from the accepted race track type. This has largely been changed, as witness two very interesting and by no means iso~ lated cases. One is the case of a qui somewhat self-effacing Middle . West ern college professor. He was a - er of economies and incidentally to pre] for his classes necessarily studied economic trends, production and consumption, wage rates, whole- sale and ref prices, railroad rates, and the many other factors entering into any modern economic picture. He discovered, almost by chance, that his studies put him in a tion to have S gl ely appen pri trends. Although lacking capital, he started experimenting with his theories and his Fifty Years Ago In The Star Fifty years ago there was a veritable “Indian problem” in this country which 2 perplexed the Govern- T prabiem, ity e et e anxiety an SS. e Problem. S2:*% s issus of No vember 27, 1878, matter: thus discusses the “Various circumstances have com- Indian bined to give the ques= tion a present interest, even greater than that which Its conceded impor- tance will al cause it to command. Indian outbreaks and the subsequent warfare of words as to the responsi- bility for them have not permitted the Nation to forget the existence of its wards. The proposal to transfer their management from the Interior to the War Department has sent a con- gressional committee on a I journey through the West to in: te the matter. This committee 1s now sitting , with the problem still un- dflt%enm. an ‘on Is‘ bable at the coming session of action, based upon the results of m labors, will be taken. “If the method adopted by Commis- sloner Hliv; in his annual report is not entirely satisfactory to those who looked for a bitter controversial docu- ment from him, it will be the more highly np?mved by those who have de- sired a clear statement of the actual condition of the Indians and new and practical suggestions as to the best policy to be adopted by the Govern- ment in their management. The com- missioner would reduce the agencles by consolidation to a very small num- ber, a plan which would decrease the dlnfler of conflict between whites and Indians, would lessen expenses and by the sale of the abandoned lands would provide funds to meet them. The title of the Indians to the lands provided them under the proposed arrangement is to be made permanent. A certain tract is to be given to each without the wer of alienation for 25 years. While e causes of Indlan war are thus largely removed or modified, the proba- bility of outbreaks is not overlooked, and to ald in such emergencies it is suggested that an auxillary Cavalry force of Indians be established. “The argument of the commissioner on this last recommendation seems to establish that if we can trust such an auxiliary force, as England’s experience with the Sepoys and our own experi- ence with Indian scouts would suggest that we can, the adoption of the plan would go far toward settling the Indian question. The control of the Indians would be then, as it is now, the func- tion of our national police, the Army, and their power to control would be strengthened and made effective. The | education and civilization of the In-| dians and the management of their af- fairs would remain as at present, with those to whom the peace policy has | confided them, but under conditions far more favorable to success.” 5 | * % The Hamburg-American steamship | Pommerania, bound for Hamburg from New York, was sunk e T T 3 , of Speed at Sea. Folkestone, England, and approximately 50 lives were lost. Thausur of November 29 thus com- ments: “‘Run down in a dense fog' Is the ist of the story. It is the story that likely to be repeated with still great- er loss of life, unless there shall be some means brought to bear to compel more care in runnln&thro h fogs in the seas crowded with travel, like the North_Atlantic and the British Chan- nel. The captain of the Pommerania was an officer of much experience, but, according to the reports, he must have been pushing through this dense fog at a considerable rate of speed, and the facts on the Stock Exchan two years r coll a llion dollars In about professor has made with a minimum of risk. ‘The second case s that of a man employed as & member of a lobby at Washington working for farm relief leill.h!lon. To carry on such work effectively it is necessary for the lob- bylst to study the economic background of the farmer and the relation of the farm industry to other industries. These studies revealed to him that a certain magic was hidden in statistics and he, too., tried the stock market He has resigned as a farm lobbyist. ‘These storles can be repeated over and over again. Wealth of Statistics Available. ‘The Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce issues a monthly Survey of Current Business, which gives index numbers and such data on production and consumption and the many other cogent facts relating to and governing business. The Department of Agricul- ture prepares all manner of data on crops. lese data are especially helofui. For example, the department has speclal report compiled mouths in ad- vance concerning farmers’ intentions to plant certain crops. To be sure, these intentions may change, but experience shows that they do not change very much. Then, of course, weather condi- tions will have an effect on crops which cannot always be foresene. Yet the country is so large that a fairly safe general average can be calculated. Nor does the department stop with statistics relating to American crops. Through foreign correspondents and through the International Institute of Agriculture at Rome, it obtains data on foreign crop Froanects and results. Statistics are constantly available on coal production, on oll production, on lumber production—indeed, there i8 no line of basic production which is not fully reported upon by the Government. In recent years the newspapers of the country have paid an increasing amount of attention to business news. Detailed statistics of a business nature are printed every day and diagrams and charts are laid before the reader. Space is devoted to the condition of various companies, their plans and prospects. Wage rates, the national income, the income by classes and by industries, car loadings, all changes in railroad rates, taxes, and every other factor affecting business enterprises are all set forth before the public. Government policies which might possibly affect business are fully and promptly reported upon. The National Industrial Conference Board, an organization which works in co-operation with Government agen- cles in the distribution of statistics, has just undertaken a new service in the collection and distribution of more detailed statistics from 17 of the most important industrial nations of the world to the end that proper comparison may be made between American sup- ply and demand and the rest of the world. The National Foteign Trade Council, a somewhat similar organiza- tion, has just completed a study of the fore! trade of 82 countries of the world and intends to keep this con- stantly up to date. The American sta- tistical system is frankly the envy of all foreign countries. While it is true that there is magic in statistics, that megic cannot be ad- van usly used without careful study and thought, Many factors must be taken into consideration. An apt warn- ing along this line is expressed by the famous Midland Bank, Ltd., of London, gehich, !ou& American hints, has 'gun paying increasing attention to :Jut'iu e ::k“mwuu f marriay istics are like proj 0 ge— they should be, but rarely are, studied and considered very deliberately, upon their all-round merits.” This and That By Charles E. Tracewell. Big Blackie shows up every evening ms l(:;clock ?n the litcllrlle'n 'tlmg“k- sill, hoping for a serving of Jac Spratt’s beefsteak. He sits on the outside looking in, only his gleaming eyes being visible. These shine with the usual phosphorescence of cat eyes, those mysterious orbs which l'-flk? mankind with terror when they are larger. Blackie is a true descendant of an- cient days. though thousands of years have passed since his ancestors trod the banks of the Nile, he is just as much of a cat as they were. Not for a second does he relinquish the vigilance which was theirs, the sub- the feline sixth sense, which guards soft body from harm, which permits it to spring lightly away if danger threatens. Blackie sits in the dark on the sill, !‘hflu into the lighted kitchen, where e knows there is a refrigerator, within whose mysterious depths exist profound chances for dinner. YThe ; 'tb;.J:: cat does not mee!m'::'!i ‘ou mig! e a prime cut of in front of the closed window, and r;: wn!uld not recognize it as something cat. Let him hear the rustle of paper, however, which he has learned to asso- clate dinner, or smell the actual odor of beef, then his senses would re- spond, he would begin to meow lustily. * ok oW ¥ When Blackie first began to visit Jack’s house, he would not enter the back door under any allurement. Not even a piece of meat dangled in front of him would induce him to set foot across the sill. Discretion, he thought, is much the better part of valor, or even dinner. “If I meow long enough, and loud enough,” he seemed to think, “they will throw it out to me.” Sure enough, this was exactly what happened, proving how canny the cat mind is when aroused by prospects of nourishment. In a week, however, Big Blackie got over being afraid. One cold night, when the red in the thermometer tube stood at freezing, he accepted the invitation to_step in. No sooner was he in the kitchen than he spied an iron door stop in the :mge of a white cat with green eyes. Blackie stopped short. His back began to arch, his fur to rise; he looked vengeance from his reen eyes, and spat vigorously at the ron cat. Then, as if percelving he had been fooled, Blackie turned to the immediate business of the evening. Carefully he rubbed his jaws along the handle of the big refrigerator door, thereby indicating to all and sundry his complete knowledge of the hiding place and the abiding place of plenty of good dinner. W When he had partaken of a plentiful repast, Blackie felt so at home that he decided a little tour of investigation would be in order. Moving stealthily, with many a side lance, so as to prevent himself from ing taken by surprise, the black cat prowled through the dining room, hall and living room. Against table and chair legs he rub- bed his back, expressing feline ap- roval of what he found. His purr was arge and ample. He was enjoying his trip. ?t was when he came back to the kitchen that he looked down the base- ment stairs, and there— There was Jack Spratt, himself, tiger :trlpu, white chest and gleaming green yes. “Good Lord!" exclaimed Blackie—at least, so his hiss sounded. “Let me out of here!” He got through the screen door just as Jack Spratt made a dash at him. at first officer, who was in charge at the moment of the collision, ‘declines to say whether the whistle was blowing at the time of the disaster." Long and Painful, Too. From the Montgomery Advertiser. The turkey gets his revenge on man when he is turved into ash. ’