Evening Star Newspaper, October 25, 1928, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR| __ With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D C THURSDAY.....October 25, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company ‘Business Offive: 11ty St. and Peansylvania Ave. New York ggc! 110 East 42nd St. D e s R i g 'lllllll!e Rate by Carrier Within the City. a- R.mm Star_ ..........45c per month e Evening and Sunday Star (when 4 Sundays) .. 60c per month ‘The Evening and Sunday Star (when 5 Sundays)... p day Star .. .. Collection made at the Orders may be sent in by mall Main 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. | Daily and Sunday....1 yr..$1000: I mo., 88 Daily onl. 1 yr. $8.00: y 1 mo.. 50c | Sunday only . . 34.00: 1 mo.. 40c All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday..] yr., $12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 Daily only 17yr. $8.00: 1 mo. ¢ Sunday only 1 $5.00; 1 mo., 50¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Prass is rxclusively entitlea to the nse for republication of all I ews ais- atches credited to It or not opnerwise cred: Recin (his paper and_ ais Al rews oublished herein. All T e .oc Jghts of cublication of special dispatches herein are also reserved The Fare Rate Increase Decision. The refusal of the Public Utilities Commission to permit an increase of street car fares at this time is distinctly in the community's interest. It is not material how this result is attained, whether by formal order of the com- mission or by the withdrawal of the petition for an increase by the railway company which submitted it, or by an agreement, between the parties. The effect is to postpone any consideration of street car fare rates while the street railway merger proposal is pending be- fore Congress at the coming session. By this postponement, or suspension, or denial of fare increase the commission leaves the matter of merger in shape for its final consideration by Congress without prejudice or embarrassment or complication. The conditions prevailing at the time of the submission of the application for an increase of fares made it imperative that the fare rate should be increased uniformly, if at all, as otherwise ob- vious and expensive injury would be in- fiicted upon thousands of car riders. An increase of the fare rate granted to one rallway without its application to the other would be demoralizing to both of the roads and harmful to the com- munity. In this present situation neither of the roads stood in actual need of an increase. Only one of them could even make a showing that it was pos- sibly entitled to an increase based upon the percentage relation of earnings to valuation, and this road had refused |Rothing but follow that system. in advance to accept an increased rate of fare unless the other company’s rate | against the Budget Bureau for confining 'was increased in like amount. In effect, the application was joint, asking for in- creases for both roads, and when it be- came clear that one of the roads was not entitled to an increase, no course was open to the Public Utllities Com- mission but to reject the application of both companies. The street raflway corporations de- sire to merge their properties and their operation. ‘The community wishes them to merge for the sake of more effi- clent and more economical service. The Public Utilities Commission has ap- proved the plan of merger, and it is now pending before Congress, by which 1t must be finally approved before it can become operative. There is hope and there is expectation that this question will be determined at the coming ses- sion, and that the merger will thus be effected upon terms that are fair to the public and that grant equitable benefits to the corporations. Certainly the post- ponement, as it may be called, of the fare increase question for the period of the session increases the chances of favorable action by Congress. The de- cision thus reached by the commission is sound and wise and safeguards the community’s welfare which is the pri- mary function of a public utilities com- ‘mission. —a—————— In politics a man has the right to change his mind. There should be in some cases something corresponding to a statute of limitations enabling a speaker to contradict, without prejudice, something he said several years ago. e e e The Norris Flop. As a matter of political dramatics, the declaration of Senator Norris of Nebraska for Gov. Smith has not been effectively staged. It has had too much preliminary “planting,” as the play- wrights say. In sound stagecraft there must be just enough of a hint of com- ing developments to whet the interest of the audience, but no more. In the case of the Nebraskan's shift of allegiance the audience has been tipped off so fre- quently by hints and suggestions ever since the closing of the conventions that the actual occurrence—which, indeed, has not yet taken place, but is merely scheduled to happen Saturday night— finds the folks in front rather bored and somewhat indifferent. If this long delay has been due to a struggle on the part of the Senator from Nebraska, with his long-established, but of late years rather strained, partisan allegiance, it is not to te considered now in the aspect of ineffective drama- turgy. It is, forsooth, quite possible that it has taken the Senator all these many weeks to make up his mind whether to indorse the nominee of his party, regardless of his failings from the farm-relief viewpoint, or to desert him for the standard of the opposition. It may be that it has taken all this time for him to discern in the parallel columns of Hoover and Smith declara- tions on farm needs a preponderance of promise on the side of the latter. Or it may be that it has needed this delay to permit a decision as between the farm relief and the prohibition questions. If 80, the struggle that has been raging must have been a savage one. Be such considerations and possibil- ities as they may, however, the fact re- mains that as a dramatic effect the an- nouncement, coming as it does several days ahead of the fact, despite precau- tions to prevent premature statement, is somewhat of a “fiop,” to continue the parlance of the stage. The campaign has reached the point at which interest centers almost exclusfvely upon the can- didates themselves. Converts have be- come rather out of the mode by now. To be sure, this latest convert is an im- lowing” remains to be seen, or perhaps may never be known, inasmuch as the intentions of the voters are by now fairly well “set.” % If Senator Norris' declaration for Gov. Smith in fact sways a considerable number of farmer voters from a reluc- tant support of Mr. Hoover to the sup- port of Gov. Smith, it may have an im- portant effect upon the result of the | voting November 6. But of late all| dependable reports from the “corn beit’ have been that the minds of folks were pretty well fixed, and that while there would be some defection in the Re- publican ranks on the score of the farm- relief question, it would not suffice to swing any of the normally Republican | States from the alignment. That judg- | ment may have been in error. The un- disclosed tendencies of the people may be the 6ther way. 1If so, Senator Norris’ declaration for Gov. Smith, though tardy and somewhat fumbled in per- formance, will doubtless be credited in the after-election summation of causes and effects as one of the determining factors of the campaign. ——crimtne The Budget. ‘Taking its place as only one of many itemized lists of estimated appropria- tions required to maintain the Federal Government for the fiscal year of 1030, the budget for the Capital City is now undergoing its annual scrutiny by the Budget Bureau. Already examined care- fully by the Commissioners, already cut and trimmed, the estimates now must justify themselves for the sec- ond time before they reach Capitol Hill. There they will undergo fur- ther study, first by a subcommittce of the House committee on appropria- tions, again by the full committee, again by the House, again by a subcommittee of the Senate appropriations committee, again by the full Senate committee and again by the Senate. Before March 4| néxt they will have emerged triumphant, | if tattered and torn, to receive the final approval of the President of the United | States. This is all as it should be. No amount of careful and painstaking examination should be spared where the expenditure of public money is concerned. And if | the Budget Bureau cuts off an item | here, another one there; decides that such and such an expenditure is not necessary this year, but may be neces- sary next, the Budget Bureau is func- tioning as it was intended to function and, on that ground, cannot be crit- icized. The Budget Bureau must trim the needs to fit a purse the contents of which have been arbitrarily set by Con- gress. As long as an inequitable, un- scientific and wholly inadequate system for meeting the needs of the District remains, the Budget Bureau can do Criticism and complaint directed the District estimates to those items which can be paid for by District rev- enue at the existing tax rate, plus a iimited lump sum appropriated by Congress, is therefore, a waste of breath, time and effort. But continued protest against a system of appropriating for the Federal City which throws an unfair pro- portion of its upkeep tipon residents of the Capital, allows needed improvements to go unmade and contains all of ths threats and injustices of taxation with- out répresentation, is not only the right, but the duty, of the District. o The Flying Fire Squadron. As a result of the tragic accident on ‘Tuesday, when a Fire Department auto- mobile struck two women after they had alighted from a street car, and other collisions between motorists and Fire Department apparatus, Maj. Hesse ‘THE EVENING conduits has more of them than any city of comparable size. Capt. Whitehurst's talk was both in- esting and instructive, but he neglected to make clear the reasons for the vast collection of assorted detours that made their appearance in Washington during the past Summer. The public is natu- rally Inierested in the fact that weather interfered with the progress f the work and that cuts for under- ground installations destroyed freshly laid pavements, but the main point of the entire matter s that a co-ordination of effort in the varlous departments of the District is necessary to assure the maximum of speed in completion of construction and it is this lack of co- ordination that Capt. Whitehurst did not sufficiently explain. Washingtonians, of course, want their streets kept in good condition. They want, however, the repairs to be made as quickly and eficiently as possible. repaved and then to have it torn up again for clectrical work or sewer work. They likewise do not want a series of main arteries under construction simul- taneously so that driving to and from the downtown section is like the solving of a Chinese puzzle. All of these things happened during the past Summer and it would have heen a golden opportunity for Capt. Whitehurst to explain the highway department's side of the case at the luncheon yesterday. That he did not is a matter of regret to all those who have followed the tortuous several months. mer must take into account all of the factors named by the Assistant Engineer Commissioner, plus the factor of mo- terist convenience which apparsntly was entirely neglected this Summer, The various District departments must co-ordinate themselves into a single working unit so that when a detour sign is erected and a pavement s torn up, all work can be promptly done and the street reopened for traffic at an carly date. Likewise, a highway pro- 8ram must be systematized so that only one main artery in a particular locality shall be closed at one time. This will provide necessary side streets and other highways for the normal flow of traffic. There is certainly a happy medium in street needs and motorists’ needs. It is distinctly up to the highway department to find it. ———— Radiorations are limited in time in a manner that prevents them from inter- fering seriously with popular education on such undoubtedly important subjects as care of the complexion, preservation of the teeth and musical culture. - Philadelphia authorities suggest send- ing for Billy Sunday to contribute his persuasive powers toward reformation. He is fervid in emotional appeal, yet has not yet shown any impetuosity in mix- ing politics with his religion, (- The really big day in election affairs is November 7, when everybody shakes hands and agrees that old friendships are more important than political differences. .- Politics has not yet brought the farmer a full measure of coveted pros- perity, but it has at least made him famous. ——e— " After a study of the betting odds, public sentiment admits that “money talks” as well as the campaigners. +oon Interruptions will persist although there is no instance on record of any “heckler” who became famous. ———————— Sunday has become, in view of reck- has determined to carry out with vigor the plan advocated by The Star more than two years ago by detailing motor cycle policemen to firehouses in order that they may follow the engines on emergency runs and arrest pedestrians who fail to stay on the sidewalks and motorists who violate the regulation which provides that they must instantly at the sound of the siren pull over to the right-hand side of the street and stop. These policemen have already been detailed to the fire engine houses where the majority of calls are re- ceived and will bring to court the re- calcitrants who ignore the safety regu- lations promulgated for their protec- tion. It has been obvious for many years that both motorists and pedestrians paid little attention to ambulances and fire engines When these muficipal vehicles ‘were on missions for the saving of life and the preservation of property. Mo- torists have continued on their way in the middle of the street disregarding entirely the screaming warning of the siren, while pedestrians, in many cases, stand idly on the pavement apparently believing that the thundering engines are sent out merely as a spectacle for their amusement. There is no excuse for either motorist or pedestrian to fail to hear the raucous warning. It can be heard when the apparatus is five or six blocks away and plenty of time is granted in all cases for all classes of street users to seek places of safety. Fire apparatus is heavy and unwieldy. It cannot be maneuvered with the ease of a small passenger car and it would its usefulness if it were compelled to obey trafic regulations in responding to calls. Speed is the essential and in order to make speed fire drivers must have undisputed right of way over all other trafic. A few arrests by Maj. Hesse’s flying squadron will probably serve to bring stupid and deflant street users to their senses regarding this most essentfal municipal service. ————— ‘When an orator “invades the enemy's territory” he almost invariably finds enough applause to obliterate any im- mediate impression of® enmity. ———— e Explaining the Street Program. Bad weather, slowness of contracters and the laying of uncerground conduits by the utilitles companies were blamed by Assistant Engineer Commissioner Whitehurst for delay in completion of the street paving program in the Dis- trict during the past Summer at a meet- ing of the Board of Trade committee on streets and avenues yesterday. Capt. Whitehurst told the committee that work on the strests had been only half completed for the present year and that the rest would probably have to go over until Spring. He also stated that cuts less motoring, a day of arrest. ————. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOENSON, Dreams of Avarice. “I Dreamt I Dwelt in Marble Halls,” 5o runs the good old song. He heard the Golden Siren’s calls, And then his way went wrong. In crooked deals he'd buy or sell, And hit the gangland trail. In Marble Halls he meant to dwell} But now he dwells in jail, Sorry, “In your long career you must have done something you were sorry for?” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “I once threw my support to the wrong ticket.” Jud Tunkins says “early to bed and early to rise” is out-of-date advice if you want to be down to the store listening to red-hot speeches over the radio. Voice of Hope. Although reforms seem rather late, ‘We hope, from day to day. There always is a candidate To cheer us on the way. Silence Preferred. “What do you think of talking pic- tures?” “There are many afloat,” sald Miss Cayenne. “Talking pictures are all right. But I'm glad there aren't any in the old family ancient tales be depriving the department of most of | album.” Difficult Assimilation, “What is your opinion of prohibi~ tion?” “It's a great idea,” said Uncle Bill Bottletop. “Like many another great idea, it became kind o' confused by getting mixed up with politics.” Individual Efficiency. “Efficiency” reward must win, As life goes on, through thick and thin, For any man with courage blest, Who goes ahead and does his best. “Every man kin give advice,” said Uncle Eben, “unless he has business enough of his own to call foh all de sense an’ judgment he h; Sheep Follow Sheep. From the Toronto (Canada) Daily Star Some people think they are making up their minds when they are only moving their feet following the crowd. o Wasteful Economy. From the Springfield (Chio) Daily News. In defending the economy of the p.cs- ent adminisiration there appears to b considerable waste of words. .o Far Is Too Far. in the streets for electrical work are the portant one. At least, he is so reputed. Whether he will swing to the side of his ! pavement's greatest enemy and that' ‘ nmew allegiance any considerable “fol- Washington because of the underground it is much too far, Fiom the Des Moines Tribuns-Capital. No matter how far you carry a grudge, / They do not want a street torn up to be | routes of the detour signs for the past | In any event the program next Sum- | STAR, WASHINGTON, DO It might seem the most reasonable proposition in the world to do good, but often one finds himself thwarted in it at every turn. He who takes particular pains to think of others, who is determined to emulate the good motto of the Boy Scouts, to do a good turn every day, meets obstacles thrown in his way. It mav be nothing more than a de- sire to loan a neighbor a half can of paint which the said neighbor seems in need oi. Perhaps it is a small job, such as painting ths steps of a back reh. “I have just the thing” says he who is ambitious of doing good. “Here is half a gallon of perfectly good paint of exactly the shade you need, and for which I have no further use. Take it and welcome.” Th~ other thanks him. but states that he cannot accept such a munifi- cent gift. Urging is a¥l in vain. He will not, he cannot, hs must not take the paint. He will buy his own paint, thank vou. So our good fellow is thwarted at ths outsat. His bucket of paint sits in the basement until a nice thick coat covers the top and the constituents be- come hard and gummy. Nobndy gets the paint, and it must at jast be thrown away, which causes tha owner some exnense, as none of the duly appointed receivers of waste prod- ucts from the home will accept a half bucket of paint. e “Do one good turn to somebody every day——." Ah. well enough, but in this machine age how can one do good deeds to others when they don't want 'em? One cannot force good deeds down throats; one should not insist on doing a good deed, whether or no; one does not find it expedient to offend others simnly to do good. What the world has agreed to In- clude under the word “good” is so wide in scope, and so tied up with every proper interest of human beings, that the determined doer of good, not evil, meets opposition at every turn. Perhaps this hostile attitude has not been given the consideration which it Jjustly deserves. Every one realizes that most persons resent having evil done to them, but perhaps few realize that many resent ioud being done to them. Social workers, who specialize in helping the downtrodden in our great cities, meet exactly this sort of opposi- tion. They find suspicion, jealousy, envy and all their brood, so that much preliminary work must be put out simply to brush away these feelings, before a single benefit may be con- ferred upon those whom the workers have come to benefit, under the rules and regulations covering such activiues. While such a state of affairs may be recognized as existing in such work, probably many persons would refuse to admit their existence in the ordinary walks of life. Yet nothing is more sure than that certain traits of independence, highly admirable in themselves, when com- bined with the modern attitude toward others, result in plain refusals to allow others to do good. Probably this helps account for the difficulty which is com- monly met with in this respect, when some one stubbornly refuses to accept a simple courtesy extended by another. * K % % There are, of course, brusque indi- viduals, whose native temperament is such that they merrily brush aside all opposition, and go right ahead doing good turns to the best of their ability. Such persons are to be envied by all those whose dispositions are not so tempered to the injustice of this world. Many who otherwise would do good are what are termed ‘“thin-skinned” individuals, who are easily offended, and who are hurt by opposition. The result of the lack of consideration on Hungary has closed four universities within the last few days because anti- Semitic students were rioting against the Jews. It is not alone the immaturity of youth which leads to this senseless at- tack upon the minority, but, in Hun- gary, mature leaders a few months ago proposed to convene a “public interna- tional congress of anti-Semites” at Budapest, and it is reported that, while they did not have the cournge to hold such a congress in public, they have held secret sessions. At these confer- ences it was decided to recommend to European nations that they should de- prive Jews of their citizenship and de- nounce them as “undesirable aliens.” There has never been, except in un- influentiel cirdles, any such sentiment against Jews in America, and it is hard for an American to comprehend what incites it abroad. It seems so preposterous—almost incredible, %N In a “Survey of Year 5686” (a sur- vey of Jewish conditions in the United States and abroad during April, 1925— March, 1926, by the Bureau of Jewish Social Research), reference was made to a social organization in Germany, for the promotion of German language and culture abroad, in which it was moved that the society rule “that in the future only those German men and women be admitted to membership who are in a position to establish their | German origin; applicants must be of | ‘pure German blood’ and they must not be related to Jews.” ‘What race is it that can claim “pure” blood? America i3 not the only “melt- ing pot” that ever bubbled and boiled. Defoe described the “pure-blooded Eng- lishman,” for instance, saying: “The Romans first With Julius Caesar came, Including all the nations of that name, Gauls, Greeks and Lombards; and by computation. Auxiliaries, or slaves of ev'ry nation. With Hengist, Saxons; Danes with Sueno came, In search of plunder, not in search of fame. Scots, Plcts and Irish from the Hi- bernian shore: And Conquering Willlam brought the Normans o'er. All these their barb'rous offspring left ehind, The dregs of armies, they of all man- nd; Blended with Britons who before were here, Of whom the Welch have blest the character. ¢ From this amphibious ill-born mob be an That 5a1n4 ill-natured thing, an Eng- lishman. “These are the heroes who despise the Scotch And rail at new-come foreigners so much; Foruett‘.l;‘ that themselves are all de- rive From the most scoundrel race that ever lived.” Surely Defoe's wrath at the English- man sounds very ludicrous, despite its basis in history, for almost equal would be found the blood mixtures of every other race upon earth—except perhaps the Jewish. Shall ths mongrel scrub in Arabia neigh at the thoroughbred? In the veins of most of us Americans En‘f’lhh blood now courses. ‘e once had a politizal party in the United States, opposed to all foreign immigrants, but.it was rightly named the Know-nothing party, and proved its goodness by dying young. Modern suc- ressors have never made much head- way. A few weeks ago, when the schools of ‘Washington opened for the new term, a young teacher was registering the very young puplls in her room according to their nationalities. One little girl re- ported that she was “American,” but the “wiss” teacher corrected her, she could not be * being no “Americans” except Indians. S0 the cher racorded the child as “English"—for she had never read De- foe’s genealogy of an Englishman, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELE. the other side is that these touchy men and women end up by forgetting the motto, “Do & turn to somebody every day.” They try this doing-good business, and d it is not workable, as far as they are con- cerned. It may do all right for Tom, Dick and Harry, but not for them. Gratitude, that precious quality, is what most people seem afraid of in this world. Their store of gratitude is very small, if one may judge from | the few times they have recourse to |it. As a matter of fact, it takes real character to show gratitude. Many people, both men and women, possess an utter inability to receive and be grateful. They can receive readil, enough, whether th? be physical, mental or spiritual gifts, but when it comes to the simple payment made with genuine gratitude they fail miser~ ably, owing to a twist in their charas ter which ecg« on inslsting that gra tude means that one has been helped. Gratitude do¢s presuppose help, of course, that is exactly where the trouble lies with them. They realize that if they are grate- [ful they must admit that some one else has been able to do something for them, Therefore, gratitude is exactly what they will not show. They are afraid of it. They will accept readily enough, but they will not be grateful. Now, as almost all human beings are basically alike in regard to these in- tellectual processes, these curious per- sons realize that the only way they can get out of showing gratitude is either to refuse the gift or, having taken it, to refuse the gratitude. So they refuse the gratitude—never the gift. The good they will take; they will allow the other to do his ridiculous good turn, if he wants to, but they will refuse him the only reward which he asks, and the only one which they might give. Gratitude, after all, is such an easy thing, it i§ a shame that more people do not show it! Often its demonstration amounts to no more too, these simply courteous to the donor would be to admit that he had done them a good, a benefit, a deed worth something. So what do they do? Why, they become discourteous! Nothing ~ could be simpler than that. It is one of the very few ways in the world in which one may eat one’s cake and have it, too. Those who relish demonstrations showing the fallacy of old maxims ought to study this one. “You cannot eat your cake and have it, too.” Well, you certainly can—if you know how. |1t is very simple. Accept a gift from some one. Thank him for it colgiy, or, | preferably, make him apologize for it. but still accept it. Then, after a few days, pick a quarrel with him, or treat him in such a manner that any human being would resent it. If you cannot think of anything more subtle, invite him to your home and then insult him. Oh, yes, that is done. It is one of the most efficacious methods, and one guaranteed to draw fire even from the mildest of mortals. Then, when he becomes angry, you are rid of the sap once and for all. You still keep the good he has done you, but are relieved, through the quarrel (which you so cleverly drew him into), of show- ing any gratitude thereafter. Thus your independence is preserved. If he has shown kindness to your children, seize the first opportunity when one of them hurts himself in his presence to intimate that if it had not been for him the child would not have hurt himself. The fact that no one, not even yourself, could have pre- vented the accident, makes no er- ence. The whole idea is to refuse the duffer the ordinary courtesy, so that this lack of gratitude on your part will offend him—and when he is once of- fended, no matter how righteous) y, you have him! You are free BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Who has proved that “Indians” are the ‘“original” Americans, or that in fact the red men were not actually from Asia—perhaps even from India? Recently scientific explorers of the Arc- tic have sent back word that they have found evidence that the Eskimos are not of the Indian race—maybe they only are the dyed-in-the-wool “Amer- icans.” Will not the little girl's teacher investigate? In Mexico there is a theory that the race preceding the Toltecs were the “lost tribes of ‘Israel.” * ok ok ok The writer has received the following protest against the recent designation of the young anarchist who was ar- Tested for distributing subversive circu- lars among the scldiers of Washington Army Barracks as a “Russian Jew": “Permit me to call your attention to something in your article of October 20, 1928. Speaking of Isracl Peltz, you take pains to emphasize the fact that he is a Russian Jew. “Kindly note that he distributed his obnoxious and seditious literature not because he was a Jew, but because he was a revolutionist. These radical gen- try profess no religion. This Peltz hap- pens to be a Jew by accident of birth, Would it not have been sufficient, then, to have referred to this man as a Rus- sian, or an agitator, or a revolutionist, or a sympathizer of Soviet Russia? Many patriotic American citizens would gladly see this dumbbell deported, for he clearly does not fit here in America. What hurts is your gratujtous fiing at theIJewu, “In my scrapbook I have your article of July 9, 1927, which you gorou when You were Ford made his retraction. n. There is enough preju- very kind thes dice as it is, from a man’ of uence, it hurts. your ability and Very respectfully, L BEN'.L. r:hanggsu. M. D" swer e above courteous protest, the writer of this column feels grateful for the fact that the 1927 article cited disproves any intention of reflecting opprobrium upon the race he so highly respects, and among whom are many of his sincerest friends. At the very moment when this| letter of Dr. Newhouse was being writ- ten the addressee was in close con- ference with his frlend, Rabbi Stmon, regarding matter which appeared in the Saturday issue. Of all the races in America the Jews have the least Justification for any feeling of an “inferior complex” or a reason for as. suming that the name “Jew” is a re- flection. “A man’s a man for a’ that,” and should be. judged only by the one measure of upright manhood. Have not the Jews proved their outstanding patriotism in every war and every crisis confronting the Nation? P * ok kK But it would not be fair to Jew or Russian to designate Peltz merely as a “Russian.” Russians include many races. Should one be described as an ‘‘American” simply because he was born in America? If so, then, is he a black or a white, a red or a yellow American? The child of a Chinaman, if born in America, is a “native Amer- ican,” but does that indicate his race? In Berkson's “Theories of Americani~ zation” is this: “In treating of the Jews as a foreign ethnic group, co-ordinate with other immigrant natlonal groups, such as the Italians or the Poles, the writer has not failed to realize that some objec- tions might be raised against such classification. It may be that all Jews are not immigrant in the same sense of the word. In addition to the fact that the Jews played an important part in the discovery of America, and that the first white man who set foot on the soil of America was in all likeli- hood a Jew, it is true that the settle- ment of the Jews in America dates from the earliest period. * * * Therefore, some Jews residing In America are native, in any sense that the term THURSDAY, OCTOBER 25 than a simple everyday courtesy. This, ' persons recognize. To be | 1928. |Richmond’s Shrine Praised by Visitor To the Editor of The Star: During a Saturdav afternoon ramble in Richmond in the company of one who was revisiting scenes that the associations of birth, beauty and educa- tion had endeared we came at length | to Church Hill and the cemetery of St. | John's. There the eye is arrested by a | gleaming monument of Tennessce gran- of Elizabeth Arnold Poe. The bronze plaque shows the beautiful and all-too- fragile face of a young woman. On the granite’s other face a second plaque reveals Poe's tribute as the son of an and the facts of the erection of the ‘memm’hl in 1927 by the Raven Society of the University of Virginia and the Actors’ Equity ofeNew York. Inquiry then led to the discovery that a few blocks away, on Main street near Nineteenth, there had been established the Poe Shrine, and our visit was such a great discovery and revelation to us that this short note is prompted. In a section of the city which is now dis- tinctly drab was acquired the little old stone building which began, it appears, as the Richmond office of Willlam Byrd of Westover, and later was one of the innumerable headquarters of Gen. ‘Washington. This is the portal of the shrine. Other property on the sides has been taken over. The result of the remodel- ing, rebuilding and landscaping is that an_interior garden, after the English feshion and extremely attractive with its ,walks of flagging and brick, its ivy, flowers and shrubbery, is surrounded by four small buildings of colonial time which house the Poeana. Many of the bricks end some other material came from the razed home of {i» Southern Literary Messenger. The visitor is, of course, delighted with the remarkable collection that brings back the memory of Poe. who, most of us now admit, was a good deal of a man, after all: he must also admire and take home in his mind the charming setting of garden, houses and their content. LESLIE T. GAGER. e British Immigration Figures Questioned To the Editor of The Star: In The Sunday Star of October 14 there was a news item under th2 head- line “British Fail to Reach Immigration Quota,” in which it was stated that the figures for the last year show a net de- crease of some 30,000 in the emigrants | from Great Britain, as compared with 1926 and 1927, and that in neither year has the American quota for British im- migrants been reached, and that these figures constituted refutation of reports to the effect that large numbers in the British Isles were waiting for permis- sion to come over. The article does not state just what figures are referred to, but it is difficult to see how they could be authoritative | or accurate, since a document issued by the State Department about a year 2go, giving the consul's estimated demands for visas for Great Britain as 202,364, for a quota of only 34,000, showing large excess of demand over available visas. I am informed at the State Depart- ment that the demand for July 1, 1928, figures for which are not yet published, will be approximately the same, or slightly larger. There can, therefore, be no larger number of vacancies in the British quota, except such as might oceur by people missing the boat, dying or changing their plans. It is thus evident that the British quota of 34,000 under the present tem- porary 1890 “foreign-born” basis is wholly inadequate to accommodate in- tending emigrants from the British Isles, and that the same will be true even with the enlarged quota, which will be granted the British under the national origins provision of the Im- migration Act of 1924 scheduled to go into effect July 1, 1929. DEMAREST LLOYD, Hon. Vice President Immigration Restriction League, Inc. ——— Denies African Pygmy Origin of Human Race To the Editor of The Star: In The Evening Star of October 18, 1928, page 1, appeared this news item by cable from Cape Town, South Africa: “The Cameron-Cadle expedition has been in the Kalabari Desert, Central South Africa, to get the complete story of the Kalabari's strange pygmies, the only extant people living in the stone age of civilization,” ‘This is an error since people, still in the stone age, were found in recent years in other parts of the world. Some of these are probably more primitive than those in Africa. Dr. M. W. Stirling of the Smithsonian Institution in exploring the heart of Dutch New Guinea, 1926-27, discovered pygmies in the new stone age culture which was reached by the ancestors of the white race 10,000 years ago. In the remoter parts of Australia and Tasmania aborigines have been found who are still living in the old stone age culture. Dr. Ales Hrdlicka of the Smithsonian Institution, we believe, saw some of these a few years ago. In Borneo pygmies were also discovered who live in nests in trees and who are in stone age cul- ture. Dr. Cadle also seems to be certain that Africa was the cradle of the race. This is, most probably, also an error, for the majority of the leading scien- tists, after studying all the facts, be- lieve Central Asia was the original home of mankind. Two main reasons justify this view. The oldest human remains, not less than 500,000 years old, have been found in Java, once part of Asia’s mainland. Roy Chapman Andrews, now exploring Mongolia, has unearthed relics of man 150,000 years old. DR. GEORGE S. DUNCAN, Professor of Egyptology and Anthropology, American University. 85 per®cent are either recent immi- grants of the ‘mew’ migration or the children of such immigrants. These are the so-called Yiddish-speaking Jews who hail from Russia, Poland and | Galicla. These Eastern European Jews, | who are thus the overwhelming ma- Jority, present the crucial problem of adjustment, for the Jews of the older migrations have, through intermarria and through complete taking over of the customs of the land (with the excep- | tion sometimes of a formal religious adherence), so adjusted themselves that that divergence between them and the general population is hardly to be noted.” Bernheimer, in “The Russian Jew in the United States,” says: “The cry raised by the Russian anti- Semite against the backwardness of the Jew in Megflng the tongue and the manners of his birthplace, in the same breath in which they urge the govern- ment to close the doors of thelr schools to subjects of the Hebrew faith, re- minds one of the hypercritical miser who kept his gate guarded by ferocious dogs and then reproached his neighbor with holding himself aloof. This coun- try, where the schools and colleges do not discriminate between Jew or Gen- tile, has quite another tzle to tell.” * ok K ‘The complexity of races in the United States is not alone due to the countries from which the people sprunf. Jews owe no allegiance to Russia, after they leave it, similar to the feeling for a fatherland, held by other nationalities. They are not “Russians” because they were in Russia; they, above any other race, retain their own racial characteristics. It would be truer, ethnically, to designate Peltz as a Jew than as a Russian, but in neither case would that have any bearing upon the worthiness of other members of the same race. As Dr. Newhouse pointed out in his letter, Peltz committed his l |ite, which on closer view bears the name | actress to his mother, who died at 24,) i The Duluth Herald adds in the same Stop a minufe and think about this' fact. You can ask our Information Bureau any question of fact and get the answer back in a personal letter. It is a great educational idea intro- duced into the lives of the most intelli- | gent people in the world—Amorican | newspaper readers. It is a part of thet best purpose of a newspaper—service, There is no charge except 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Get the habit of asking_questions. Address your letter to The Evening Star Infor- mation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, di- rector, Washington, D. C. Q. What can be done to keep windows from sweating?—W. W. A. The sweating of windows is due to imperfect ventilation and if perfect ventilation could be obtained it would probably give the most effective results. In many cases openings are made in the sash, top and bottom, so that a current of cold air may cover the in- terior side of the glass. In some in- stances, where the sweating of windows is not bad, 55 grams of glycerin is dis- solved in 1 liter of alcohol (63 per cent), to which a little amber oil is added. As soon as it is thoroughly mixed, it may be rubbed on the inside surface of the window with a chamois or linen rag. A thin coat of pure glycerin ap- plied to both sides of the glass will pre- vent moisture. » Q. When was the first aerial mail zm‘;cr_}"_ made in the United States?— A. The Post Office Department says that the first aerial mail delivery made in the United States took place in Sep- tember, 1911, when the first bag of mail was delivered to the Mineola post office. Postmaster General F.,H. Hitch- cock sent the mail and E. L. Ovington, pilot, delivered it. Q. Is the original cotton gin made by Eli Whitney still in existence?—G. H. A. The original cotton gin opuilt by Eli Whitney was stolen from Mulberry Grove and nothing is known as to its subsequent history. Whitney immedi- ately made another model, which was sent to the Patent Office in Phila delphia, then the seat of the National Government. His first 20 made for the trade were burned. Q. Do the bank notes of any country ever bear the portrait of a woman who is not of noble birth?—C. G. A. New bank notes of Italy, it is re- ported, will bear the portrait of Sig- norina Hilda Piccolo, a beautiful young Italian woman. From time imme- morial the coins and paper money of nations have contained the portraits of the kings and generals, the great men of the realm and queens and princesses. Even in the United States this tendency has been preserved. Oc- casionally, as a special mark of dis- tinction, the portrait of a private citizen might appear on a special stamp issue, but never on money. Itaiy’s premier wanted to make the bank notes of Italy beautiful and decided that reform was necessary in the prirting of the notes. He wanted to print on the bank notes the portrait of « beautiful woman of the Italy of today. He wanted to find the most beautiful woman in his coun- try, and her reward would be the use of her face on the paper money. The contest was won finally by Signorina Hilda Piccolo. Q. How many cups of tea are drunk annually in the United States?—J.E. T. A. In this country 30,000,000.000 cups of tea are consumed annually. Q. What Congressman was known as “Alfalfa Bill"?—M. E. M. A. William Henry Murray of Okla- homa was known by this nickname. He was a member of the Sixty-third and Sixty-fourth Congresses. ~He later founded the- Murray colony in Bolivia, South America. Q. What is Shamanism?—O. M. S. A. Shamanism was oflrmnly a prim- itive religion of the peoples of northern Asia and Europe, in which the’ unseen world of demons and ancestral spirits is believed to have been re- | sponsive only to the Shamans, ma- | giclans who also were mediums. The 9} Romantic and adventurous as is the Byrd expedition to the South Pole, these features, for all their enthralling interest, must not be allowed to obscure the fact that it is a pilgrimage in the interest of science. This is the con- sensus of American press opinion as the whaler Larsen plows through the waters of the Pacific on its long voyage. “Surrounded though this group may be by the glamour of an adventurous quest, they seek in the Antarctic ice exactly the same element that many a prosaic scholar toils after in the labora- tory or the study—truth,” says the New York Sun, holding that ‘“knowledge wrested from the ice will be doubly welcome, as it testifles to the gallantry of those who won it and to the more fundamental virtue of seeking it where~ soever it is to be found.” Similarly, the Nashville Banner de- clares: “It should be emphasized that there is nothing foolhardy about Comdr. Byrd's plans. It is a scientific expe- dition first and an adventure second.” vein: “This man who made a dash to the North Pole and who flew across the Atlantic to Europe is not now making a ‘dash’ to the South Pole. He will fly to the pole, no doubt: but more im- portant than that are his plans to study the Antarctic wastes and bring back to us news of what it has to re- veal of its composition, of its weather, of its biology and botany and of its mineralogy and geography."” “The South Pole is the last challenge to the explorer,” exclaims the Man- chester Union, and concludes that “man would never rest until that challenge was accepted.” The Toledo Blade finds “something strikingly appropriate, Whether intended or not, in fixing the date of departure on the anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus.” EE To the Worcester Evening Gazette the expressed sentiments of Americans as they have said farewell to Comdr. Byrd and his comvanions have had in them not a little of “awe,” as they have tried to grasp the magnitude of the preparations for the expedition and the results that it is hoped will be at- tained. Calling attention to the fact that “the whaler C. A. Larsen, with the commander on board, is the third ship of the exploring party.” the bark City of New York and the steamer Eleanor Bolling, supply ships of the e: pedition, having “long been the Worcester paper continues: “Comdr. Byrd has marshaled a fleet to assault 'Ph‘i icebound fastnesses of the South ole.” Paying a tribute to the foresight of Comdr. Byrd, the St. Louis Times notes that “no preparation previously made for a polar expedition has been half as thorough as that of this one” ‘and thinks that, if this is worth anything, “Byrd should be able to fly home on exuitant wings.” The length of time that the leader ANSWERS TO QUESTION BY FREDERIC J. HASK S term is also applied to any similar re- ligion, as that of some of the American Indians, where the medicine men per- formed the same function. Q. Will sun heat break the glass in a level?>—E. N. B. A. The heat of the sun in umanu latitudes would not be sufficiently ex- treme to break the glass in a level. If the glass is exposed to sudden changes of temperature, it is possible that it would break. Q. Were the national gtrlu popular to tourists this year?—J. B. C. A. The Interior Department says that a total of 3,026,273 persons visited the recreation grounds this year, compared to 2,797,840 last season. . Two_ million, five hundred twenty-two thousand, one hundred eighty-eight persons visited the national parks and 504,085 the na- tional monuments. Q. How can science prove the divid- ing line between the vegetable and ani- mal kingdoms when decayed vegetable gn%u turns to bugs and worms?— A. Decayed vegetable matter does not turn to bugs and worms. The eggs are laid in the vegetable matter, which is a provision of nature to use up the decayed matter. Generally speaking animal life is animate and vegetable life inanimate. Q. What should be used as a coating on windows to prevent them becoming spnmredswhen the frames are painted? A. It is not necessary to coat window panes before painting the woodwork. In order to prevent the paint from spattering the glass, the windows may be covered by a plece of clot. Q. Is it necessary to use clear lumber in making boxes?—S. M. A. Knotty lumber will make a box with short, thick sides more resistant to rough handling than clear lumber. Added to the other advantages of using knotty lumber in boxes is the lower cost of such lumber as compared to clear lumber. Of prime importance, also, is the fact that the use of knotty boards for boxes provides an outlet for low-grade lumber. 3, Kindly advise me as to the place and date of the origin of the ringing of the Angelus.—A. R. B. A. “The history of the Angelus,” says Herbert Thurston, “is by no means easy to trace with confidence. * * * In the first place, it is certain that the Angelus at midday and in the morning were of later introduction than the evening Angelus. Secondly, it is certain that the midday Angelus, which is the most recent of the three, was not a mere development or imitation of the morning and evening devotion Thirdly, there can be no doubt that the practice of saying three Hail Marys in the evening somewhere about sunset had become general throughout Europe in the first half of the fourteenth century, and that it was recommended and in- dulgenced by Pope John XXII in 131 and 1327. b i Q. Ts the timber of Yucatan hard or son; éa there much cypress there?— A. The Forest Service says that the timber of Yucatan, Mexico, is hard. There is very little cypress there, as this is mostly dry country. Q. How do the big hockey teams get and keep their players>—1. J. T. A. The players are sold just as those on professional base ball teams are. Q. What is the nam Glyn's husband?—E. N. G. A. Her husband was J. P. Clayton Glyn. He died in 1918. Q. What is the outlook for the poul- try and egg market this year?—C, B. A. A survey of 21 county agents throughout the United States :ndicates that there will be 50,000,000 less chick- ens going to market this Fall and 30,~ 000,000 less laying hens on farms next season. These estimates are based on 300 replies from 40 States, with a big grain crop and feed already declinirg and eggs advancing, e of Elinor Science, Romance and Adventure All Factors in Byrd Expedition Describing the terrifying barrenness of the Antarctic regions, the San Fran- cisco Chronicle reaches the conclusion: “Perhaps, after all, it is not right to call Antarctic journeying adventure. The word carries a tincture of gayety, and it is hard to picture anything gay about traveling over the dour Antarctic,” de- clares the Chronicle, as it describes the expedition as “just a job that Byrd has gone to do; a hard, bitter and un- comfortable job, with the only gay- ety that in his own heart.” In this “job” he will have plenty of company, according to the Flint Daily Journal, which points out that “the party consists of 83 men. Thoy are scientists, radio men, dog drivers, cor- respondents, cooks and a doctor.” con- tinues the Journal, and every on: among them “must be prepared to do | more than one thing.” | And not only plenty of company. but | an ample equipment to meet his every need. both of substance and of re- | search, is his, due to the generosity of his compatriots. As the Birmingham News says, enumerating briefly this equipment, the ships are carrying to the Antarctic “food suppiies sufficient to last two years, airplanes, scientific instruments, bedding and stores, even rtable huts to be set up on South lar ice when the Ross Sea shall have been reached.” Best of all, perhaps. for both those who are venturing forth and their loved ones at home, there is, as the Schenec- tady Gazette remarks, a ‘‘wonderful radio equipment installed on the three arranged for “reception as well as broadcasting.” and with the “sched- ule for the next four months alrea announced.” Not, 2s in previous peditions, will the party disappear from the knowledge of its fellow men, but, as the Gazette emphasizes, “every step of the way will be recorded and reported by wireless to the anxious hearts at home and to the listening public as well, and whatever occurs at home or in the world at large, which will be of interest to the explorer, will reach them also as quickly as it does the rest of us.” Hearing of this, one wonders if radio has ever done a better service than this, of connecting civilization with a brave band of men on the “vast ice as the Buffalo Evening News ex- cap. presses it. UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today. American forces win savage fight east of the Meuse, capturing great machine- gun nest on Hill 360. Repulsed five times, the sixth time our men were successful in clearing the promontory of the enemy * * * Belleu Wood, north of Hill 360, scenes of desperate fight- and his band of fellow scientists will spend in the South is considered further evidence of the serious nature of the undertaking. “It may be 18 months— it may be three years—before the party returns,” says the Pasadena Star-News, and to those “who may question the value and importance of an expedi- tion like this” the Star-News replies: “There should be no such questioning. The expedition and the daring adven- tures are justified. The additions that will be made by this expedition to the act, not because of his race, but because of his political creed. But an officer of the law, in seeking to overtake him, can might be used of white men in Amer- ica. On the ot hand, of the 3,000,000 Jews li in America, over sest identify the accused by his race,, rather than by his psychelogy. (Copyright, 1028, by Paul V. Collins.) sum total of human knowledge of sci- ence will more than compensate the time, the perils and the cost of the intensely interesting journsy. The im. ulse to expl uld not be repressed,” it concludes. " N | fighting on the Itall ing. Won and lost six fimes in three days, Pershing'’s men finally retain their grip on it tonight * * * Americans also make slight advance in the region of Grand Pre after meeting and re- pulsing four counter-attacks * * * British forces drive on and French also gain. Haig's army cuts Valenciennes-Le Quesnoy bring total of Germans captured on the Scheldt-Sambres front up to 9.000. French sweep on over a 40-mile front on the Serre and Alsne, take many villages and over 3,000 German pris- oners * * * Allies push ahead in fierce it and cap- ture 3,000 Austria; w e S . Thive hundred and fifty: casualties on list %flmn‘ today.