Evening Star Newspaper, October 24, 1928, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY. . .October 24, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newfiw Company nnssivanta Ave. : 110 East 42nd St ; er ™ ~e: 14 Regent St.. Lona-n. Engiand. i -5¢ per ccl d of each month. Orders may be sent in by mall or telenhone Main 5000 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ally and 8t 1 3r. 30008 1 ily only . T $6.000 lay only 1 1. $4.00: 1 mo. All Other States and Canada. -1 yr. $12.00; 1 mo., $1.00 Baily anfy Sunde:d ¥ tihte: ) mon Vit Bunday oniy 1 yr. $5.00: 1 mo. S0c Member of the Associatcd Press. The Associated Press is «xclusively entitlea to the use for republication of all 1 ews ais- atchos credited to it or not otherwise cred- ed 1n this paper and also the .Ocal rews published herein. All rights of publication of Sbecial dispatches herein are also reserved e e Our Necessary Cruisers. Belated publication of the Franco- British agreement by the London gov- ernment constitutes an anticlimax. Its myopic conception of the international naval situation had already been fully exposed in the course of the United States’ communication to Great Britain in September. The American note ruthlessly revealed the one-sidedness of the deal negotiated between the two European powers and its utter unac- ceptability as far as the United States is concerned. Were any other evidence required to complete an imperfect alibi, it is supplied by the official text of the 1ll-begotten Franco-British pact. President Coolidge does well at once to lend the authority of his name to the statement that further limitation of naval armament is now palpably impossible for the immediate future. He fixes 1931 as the earliest date at which that question can be practicably approached. The United States at- tempted to approach it in 1927 a Geneva. Its efforts were frustrated by the British attitude toward cruiser limitation. Limitation efforts now are balked by the joint attitude of the British and the French, duly proclaimed to the world in a stealthily covenanted pact— a transaction officially excoriated by America as having postponed, rather than promoted, the cause of disarma- ment. President Coolidge points out that Italy and Japan, though their ob- Jections have not been registered with that fullness of detail set out by the United States, share our hostility to the Franco-British scheme for feathering their own naval nest at the cost of the Italians, the Japanese and ourselves. Mention of 1931 is made at the ‘White House as the earliest period at which limitation of sea armament can be retackled, because the Washington treaty provides for reconsideration of the naval situation as it exists at that time. ‘Ten years after the assembling of the Washington conference, it was thought, would find naval science at such a point of development that a re- vislon of the 1922 pact. on strictly technical grounds if for no other rea- sons, might be feasible. Meantime, in the intervening interval, the United States has a plain duty. It is an inescapable duty. That duty is to provide for the construction of the fifteen cruisers uthorized by the House last Winter, but still awaiting approval 1 )’ ing regulation, even though framed and . THE EVEB’IfiG STAR. WASHINGTON. D. C. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1928.° them. In effect, therefore, the Govern- ment of the United States can, upon its own premises or those which it en- gages as tenant, maintain a nulsance or a dangerous condition and remain immune to prosecution. This, of course, is an absurdity. There is no reason for such a situation. The Government of the United States is not like the monarch of old, who “could do no wrong.” It can do wrong, and it sometimes does, and it can be haled to court in the person of the responsible official, and it can be punished, in that person. But only when it violates some statutory law. A mere police or build- promulgated specifically under the au- thority granted by act of Congress, will not furnish the basis of prosecution or punishment, be the infraction how- ever flagrant or harmful. If it is beneath the dignity of the Government of the United States to regard and respect the police and build- ing regulations adopted by the District Commissioners under their statutory mandate, in matters of life and death and public security, assuredly it should be the scrupulous and conscientious concern of all Federal officials to ob- serve such rules in fact, the more strict- Iy because of the theoretical immunity that has been assumed. Obligation fol- lows power. In this case the obliga- | tion to be law-abiding is the greater because by a strange hypothesis of in- dependence the Government is not strictly. compelled to be so. - A Deplorable Accident. Yesterday's deplorable accident, in which two women were seriously in- jured when struck by the speeding auto- mobile of a battalion fire chief just after they had alighted from a street car, should point the way to measures de- signed to *reduce the possibilities of such occurrences. These = measures should include an order from the Dis- triet authorities which places the auto- mobiles of chiefs of battalions in a sec- ondary class to that of the fire engines, a street-car regulation which would pro- hibit the doors of a standing car being measured by the high standards of literature. But it was a great story it measured in terms of public taste | and approval. It created a mode. It established » tradition. In the iwenty-seven years since “Graustark” Mr. MecCutcheon wrote {no less than forty-two novels, an aver- age of more than one and a half a 1yenr. After the first two, he produced for ten years two stories regularly every twelve months, twenty tales in ten years. They were not all of the same quality. Some were marked successes, some were comparative failures. That is the fate of all writers, especially the prolific oncs. But the average of suc- cess was high, and it is now estimated | that no less than five million copies lof the McCutcheon stories have been | sold, a truly remarkable record. ‘Then there have been the stage per- formances of the more popular novels, particularly “Graustark” and “Brew- ster’s Millions.” And of recent years the picture versions have carried the name of McCutcheon to enormous numbers of people, including a genera- tion that had to be told about the famous tale of the Balkans and that of the American youth who was sen- tenced, as it were, to the spending of a million dollars in a year. George Barr McCutcheon gave great pleasure to the people of his home land. He afforded them clean, whole- | some and, in a way, stimulating ro- mance to read. He was always mind- | ful of the fact that the majority of readers prefer decent matter in their books, and he gave it to them, with conscientious labor to make his stories effective and to invest his characters with the semblance of actuality. He was an expert crafisman and he well deserved his great success. e Advocates of higher street car fare are inclined to adopt the call of the old side showman; “Only ten cents! A silver dime! It will neither break you nor make you rich!” Which might be all right if a street car ride were as much fun as a side show. P T U Much importance is attached to the prospect of fortitude on the part of a | opened while a fire engine was passing and a general warning to the public that the street pavement is a dangerous place for both pedestrians and motor- ists when the screaming sirens of fire engines make their presence known in that vicinity. It is an accepted theory, and a logical one, in all parts of the world that fire apparatus should have the right of way over all other kinds of traffic. Speed in reaching the scene of a conflagration ‘may mean the saving of persons from 2 horrible death and the preservation of property. It is difficult to see, however, why this right of way should apply with equal force to the small cars of chiefs as it does to the fire engine apparatus. Certainly, if a chief’s car arrived even five minutes later than did the engines the efficiency of the fire-fighting force would not be lessened, as hose could be laid and machinery set in motion to receive the orders of the superior when he reached the scene of the conflagra- tion, if orders were necessary. It is axiomatic that the fewer speeding ma- chines on the street the fewer accidents. ‘The fact that the accident yesterday occurred on the wrong side of the street car—that is, the wrong side as far as ordinary traffic is concerned—does not serve as & means of fixing responsibility for the mishap. Fire apparatus not only has the right of way, but is permitted to violate all traffic regulations when on an emergency run. In nine cases out of ten it would be far safer for the driver of the speeding department automobile to pass on the wrong side of a street car which was discharging passengers rather by the Senate. The Senate should ratify the House's action. The ships should built, They could not all be built plans for laying them carried into effect. te must not be propagan- professional pacifists into be- the Kellogg pact for out- makes the maintenance strength an un- —————————————— A number of statesmen are running for office and even a presidential can- didete cannot expect to monopolize the admiring attention of an audience. Like base ball, American politics is the science of team-work. ————————— Government and Safety Rules. In connection with the inquiry into the death of a Department of Justice official, who was killed last Sunday by an elevator in the building occupied by that branch of the Government a fact develops anew which is to be taken into account in the determining of the responsibility for this fatality. The District Government, by authority granted by act of Congress, establishes yegulations for the protection of life and property. One of those regulations provides that all elevators in use in the District shall be so equipped that the cars cannot be moved if the gates and doors giving entrance and exit to them are opened. Had that regulation been observed in the building occupied by the Department of Justice the tragedy would not have occurred. But while the bullding is of private ownership, it is occupled as tenant by the Govern- ment of the United States, and that Government cannot be compelled to observe the rules laid down by the Dis- trict for public security. A question of law arises as to the responsibility for the accident as between the owner of the building and the tenant. That, however, is not so much a matter of public interest as the fact that the Fed- eral Government cannot be compelled to observe the regulations which have been adopted for the safety of the community. . This is an anomalous situation. The police and building regulations are adopted by the Commissioners under the authority of Congress. They have the force of law, especially when given the favorable indorsement of the courts in case of an appeal on the ground of reasonability,. If not challenged they are regarded as equal in mandatory and prohibitory power with a statute. The than on the inside, where the space was narrow with the discharged pas- sengers probably made nervous by the sound of the siren. It is obvious, there- fore, that no passengers should be al- lowed to alight from a car until the ap- paratus has passed the stopping point. Not only did these two unfortunate vic- tims descend to the street, but tgey walked in front of the street car, a neither pedestrians nor motorists pay the attention they should to the warn- ings emitted from the sirens of fast- moving fire engines. Instead of scurry- ing to a place of safety on the curb, pedestrians in many cases apparently ignore the warning of approaching dan- ger and stand where they are in the mid- dle of the street, while motorists, with seemingly the same complex of immu- nity from the menace of these unwieldy vehicles, blithely continue on their way. ‘The fire sirens can be heard for blocks, ahd ample time is given for all those on the street, either walking or in automo- biles, to attain a place of safety. ‘The public is shocked at such an ac- cident as occurred yesterday, and wants no repetition of it. With a slowing down of the fire-chief class of automobiles, a regulation which will keep street-car passengers inside the cars until danger 1s passed and the degree of co-operation from the public which has been so long denied, there should be no repeti- tion. It is a matter that concerns every resident of the District of Columbia, and its importance should assure the most earnest consideration. — e Some of the automobile crashes create a fear that “treating” as a pre-election practice has not yet been quite aban- doned. George Barr McCutcheon. Readers of romantic fiction will re- pine the stilling of a pen that has for many years been busy for their pleas- ure, a pen of remarkable activity, wielded by George Barr McCutcheon, best known perhaps by his first novel, “Graustark.” Yesterday this gifted author, one of the most industrious and most successful of all American writers, died suddenly in New York, being stricken fatally while at lunch- eon and expiring in a few moments. His work was left unfinished, for he was engaged in the final polishing of his story for 1928 when death came. Twenty-seven years ago McCutcheon began to write fiction, choosing the line of somewhat fantastic romance of modern times for his theme. He de- vised an imaginary kingdom somewhere penalties prescribed for their violation are imposed by the courts without dis- | stage for happenings that he depicted erimination, save that the Federal or- in the Balkan area and there set a criminal in facing capital punishment. And yet it may reasonably be regarded as the least significant incident of the entire transaction. B Ships of the air will carry many pas- sengers who desire to reach Washington, D. C. Arrangements may as well be made to dispense with long journeys and enable them to land here in the first place. oo So many topics are mentioned both aloud and in whispers that every cam- paign speaker is at liberty to choose an issue that best suits his temperament and‘ talents, vt In so exciting a political contest there is no saying how long the cheering would last if there were not a radio man at hand to recall the adage, “Time is money.” Telephone service has gradually grown more costly. Tearing up the di- rectories for purposes of delirious cele- bration is one of the incidental expenses that the subscriber is required to meet. Concert goers have often complained that conversation interrupts the music. In a radio campaign, the music inter- rupts the conversation. e —————— Bitter as political contentions may become, they at least serve to relieve the tension of interest in the bravado of the underworld. P Betting odds on an election are a helo to a citizen who wants to express his convictions without the trouble of a prolonged argument. — SHOOTING STARS, BY PHILANDER JOHNS/N. “It Pays fo Advertise!” There is a lesson very plain All politicians teach. Amid their praise and their disdain, A common point they reach. Their measure may be great or small. Regardless of the size, This is the lesson, after all; “It Pays to Advertise!” Of all the mottoes that we hear, Through ages handed down, This one forever is made clear In eircles of renown. While demonstrations may display Philosophies so wise, This is the watchword of today; “It Pays to Advertise!” Impressionable Crowd. “You seemed to convince your audi- ence.” “There was undoubtedly” laughter and applause,” replied Sena- tor Sorghum, “but I can't be sure, as yet, . whether my hearers were con- vinced or only entertained.” Jud Tunkins says honest effort beats loafin’, It’s better to make a few mis- takes than to make nothin’ at all. Passing Seasons. Nature's device Is ever cruel. Instead of Ice We'll pay for Fuel. Economist. “How are you going to vote?” “For economy,” replied Miss Cayenne. “I'm going to vote without arguing about it and so save a little share of valuable time.” “Our ancestors give us the same good advice,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of China- town, “which they disdained as it came from generations of ancestors before them.” Hot Waves. Listened for the katydid to say « That warmth could not endure. The Fall campaign came romping down the way To boost the temperature, “Time flies,” said Uncle Eben, “an’' it looks like we was all aviators dat has to take our chances.” + o Putting Ideals High. From the Louisville Times. So live that ybu can go into a gro- cery and buy a cake of yeast without established indisputably, The radi luldcm\ carried a greater or more pro- racket which for nearly 12 minutes kept Hoover from speaking. There were bigger “demonstrations” at the Kansas much | PO Dog paraders are not so much in evi- dence in Washington as they were sev- eral years ago. Once upon a time no evening came around without a procession of gentle- small dogs on leaches. They were sent out by their wives to “walk the dog” for a little much-needed exercise. PFido had to have his walk, no matter what elss went by the board in the household in question. So the leash was snapped to the col- lar and small Fido went struggling down the street, tugging until he almost choked in his eagerness. Along behind came Friend Hubby, doing his best not to appear foolish, and having a very hard time of it, seem- ingly. l!:)vhether he succeeded or not depend- ed, in the last analysis, upon the size of the dog. If l?gwere a big dog, the man holding the leash managed to n‘ake his job look at least interesting. If the dog were small, however, and especially if the man were big, the lat- ter generally seemed to be blushing un- der the impact. * k% % Hence many of the dog paraders of those days went out after nightfall, so that their humiliation would not be viewed by too many masculine eyes. We can recall one very large fellow who took over a very small dog. It was a fox terricr, if memory serves us right, but of the variety known as toy, much smaller even than the general run of this breed. which at its largest weighs not more than 20 pounds or so. This hefty ecitizen, weighing more than 200 pounds, sneaked out every evening with this small Fido, certainly of no more than 12 pounds’ weight. Fido made up for his lack of weight in canine “pep,” vigor, general cussed- ness, whatever one chose to call it. He pulled and he tugved and he vanked and he leaped; he jumped and he jerked and he sprang and he hauled; he jiggled, he joggled, he twitched and he_tossed. If there was any kind of a motion a dog might make on a leash, Fido made it, and he made it with a fiend- ish sort of energy no more common in dogs than in men. Fido was a super-dog. Passers-by often got the idea that this bench-legged mutt was trying to choke itself to death. Men, if they so thought, took pity on the man and seid to themselves, “It would be a good thing.” ‘Women, on the other hand, pitied the dog, and expressed the belief, some- times audibly, that the two-legged member of the team was “cruel to that r dog.” R e * ok ok % Today city dogs are mostly confined to back vards, where they languish out their lives in a species of prison, for no back yard ever made is big enough for any real dog. There are a few dog paraders still to be seen. Just what has become of the rest of them is a matter for specu- lation. Maybs mankind has grown brave, and refuses any longer to serve as perambulating anchor for man- kind's so-called best friend. The few faithful left, however, scem to walk because they want to. They are walking men's dogs, not women's dogs, and no doubt that makes a big difference. We saw a big, hulking fel- low going along one night with three dogs on one leash, a rather unman- WASHINGTON If “the home of llAl{ distinguished op- ponent” can give Smith himself a more vociferous welcome in Madison Square Garden on November 3 than it gave Herbert Hoover on October 22, New York City's reputation for noise will be lio has d din across the country than the ty and Houston conventions, but they Cil lacked the spontaneity of the New York tumult. are usually organized. When they give signs of dying down or out through nat- ural causes, somebody is vance to whoop 'em up again. There was nothing of that sort at Hoover's Madison Square Garden riot. Smith is, of course, assured of a fren- zied greeting when he stands before his home town constituents. Buf, they now Convention *‘demonstrations” told off in ad- Gov. have a high-water mark of frenzy to outstrip and will doubtless try to do it. Whatever tornado which loosed itself in Herbert Hoover's face is nor anybody who heard it happens, that long-ragin somethi neither he likely ever to forget. * % kX Hoover unquestionably was at the top of his fighting form in New York. His speech, as usual, was highly tech- nical in an economic sense. The Cali~ fornian divested himself of some pungent epigrams, but he has not yet mastered the art of popular expression when talking about tariffs, wages, Gov- ernment ownership, trade and merchant marine. “The full garage” is a New York Hooverism that may survive as the up-to-date successor of “the full dinner pail.” High-browed as the Re- publican nominee's speech was, there was enough punch in it to make it a vigorous attack on Gov. Smith's program. dictment Hoover levels at his op- nent’s scheme for Government-con- trolled liquor dispensation, Government- owned water power and Government- managed agriculture.. “Socialism” is still associated in the popular mind with. red flags. From that viewpoint, Hoover has probably dealt Smith an uppercut by stigmatizing the Democrat’s economic plane as “Socialistic.” ERE I Gov. Smith's “battle for the Atlantic seaboard,” which opens in Boston night, will see the New Yorker in the guise he is fondest of and at the task he's best fitted for—a whirlwind finish to a hard fight. Smith has always felt he would win or lose the 1928 élection in the States which lie between Maine and the District of Columbia. He has consistently reckoned on keeping the South solid and hoped for some border State and Middle West strength to help out, but realizes that without a big block of Northeastern electoral votes his cause is doomed, To win them the country is about to observe an Al Smith arrayed in such war paint as he has never donned before, He knows what's at stake for him and will conduct himself accordingly. His friends predict surprises—and results. Like John Paul Jones, they say, “Al's only begun to fight.” * ok kK No three men in the United States are rendering more practical aid to the rival political parties than a certain “Jim” and two certain “Bills.” The “Jim” is James D. ton, superin- tendent of the Senate press gallery. The “Bills” are Willlam J. Donaldson, su- perintendent of the House press gallery, and Willlam J. Collins, who helps to shepherd the scribes in the Senate. Donaldson, ever since the Houston con- vention, has been attached to Smith headquarters, in charge of the newspa- per men who “cover” the Democratic nominee. Collins functions similarly at Hoover hem%\‘x:mr& The two “Bills” travel everywhere with their respective candidatorial chiefs, More efficient, to- betraying a guilty look. ——— e Another Slant on It. From the Seattle Dally Times. with skill and dramatic vividness. A few more days before we shall know whether our politics may be trouble-taking men don’t exist. Their job is doing things for the correspond- ents before the correspondents think of asking for ’'em. “Jim” Preston, after a Summer and Autumn as official score- keeper at the country’s big golf matches, i3 about to chaperon the newspaper ganization is not regarded as subject to “Graustark” was mot a great story if classed as carnivorous or herhhxmu. men traveling with Hughes. men moving along paveménts leading ! THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ageable team unless one is a do{nl:m. This fellow was. He held that as neatly as if it had been one dog. Not a one of three tried anything fancy. Each walked along as sedately as you please. Two were shepherds, and the third a large-sized Spitz. Evidently this man's dogs were confined all day, as perhaps their owner was himself, the dogs in a yard and the man in an office. By the time he had his supper and had read the paper it was dark. Then came the best time of the day, evidently. He was to be seen every evening, taking the same path along the streets, He and his dogs took up most, of the sidewalk. Pedestrians who went that way at about the same time each evening got to looking for the “man with the dogs.” The man, in his turn, came to expect certain faces along his route. Always his keen black eyes fiashied recognition. Another man took a big dog along in the afternoon. Rain or shine, the pair appeared at exactly 3 o'clock. This dog Was on no leash, but was allowed to run, a privilege he did not abuse as much as most dogs do. There are a number of lady dog walk- ers, some of them to be encountered downtown, where they may be seen tak- ing dogs on and off elevators. It must be a terrible thing to be about a foot high, and to be crammed into a small room with creatures 6 feet tall crowding all around one. Dogs, under such cir- cumstances, behave very well. One of these walking dogs off parade once put on a neat show. Several men on the steps of the building v front of which a car was parked heard an automobile horn tooting loudly. Looking around, and seeing nothing but what appeared to be an empty car, the talkers went back to their talking. One, more curious than the others, finally looked again. “I think all that tooting is coming from that empty car,” he said. “Nonsense,” said another. “If nny',hing were wrong with the wiring it would blow continuously.” “All the same, that is coming from that car,” in- sisted the other. He went over to the curb, looked into the car, then waved his hand for the others to come forward. Doing so, the men saw what the curi- ous one already had discovered, a very small Pekinese, pushing the horn but- ton with his right forepaw, which he was barely able to reach, so that he was practically invisible from the sidewalk. * ok ok ok The fate of the city dog is a sad one in many respects; it is saved from utter gloom only by reason of the irrepressi- ble o%timlsm of the dog, which keeps him happy under any circumstances, just so long as he is allowed to share the life of his master. What matters it to a good dog whether he. has his racial heritage or not—that heritage which consists of the right to run as far and as long as he wishes? Deprived of that, a dog has lost one of the two things which it loves the best in the world. The other, which the dog still pos- sesses, is the love of his master. With the Old Man by his side, a dog is as happy as he would be running along the countryside by himself. Com- plete happiness comes to the dog in a field with his master along. Short of side, even if it involves staying at home in a stuffy room. Yet the pull of the great outdoors is 80 great on dogs that every day many of them stray away in great cities. The “lost and found ads” show new recruits to the wanderers every night. These “State Socialism” is the in- | dogs start a parade of their own, OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. One of the current campaign wise- cracks runs, “What's the first thing Al Smith will say when he enters the White House?” be Republican propaganda. ter of fact the New Yorker probably would say just that, even if he should enter the Executive Mansion as Presi- dent, for the chief usher and guardian of the portal there happens to be the veteran, “Tke” Hoover. * ok kK Senor Federico Alfonso Pezet, Peru- vian Ambassador to the United States from 1919 to 1923, and previously Min- ister, has been renewing old friendships at Washington in connection with the Ibero-American exposition * at Seville, Spain. next year. He came to interest the Noderal Government, which is erecting a_ $700,000 pavilion at Seville, in “The Book of Nations,” the monu- mental official volume of the exposition. The United States is the only non-Latin country to be invited to participate in g | the Ibero-American exhibition—a spe- cial compliment paid us by our sister republics of the Americas. Former Gov. Campbell of Arizona is American com- missioner at Seville and is now super- intending our gart in the show. * ok ok ok North Dakota, which is variously claimed by the Hoover and Smith camps, is rather more confidently count- ed on by the Democrats, because of the prohibition referendum there last Sum- mer. By a vote of 87,000 to 82,000 the State decided to sustain its original constitutional dry amendment. Not many Easterners know why the North Dakotans are wave! in their loyalty to the water wagon. hibition, it ap- cost North Dakota farmers $70,000,000 a year in barley which they used to sell to the liguor manu- facturing industry. Prior to Volstead- m an owner of nine grain elevators at Jamestown, N. Dak., declares that he shipped 41 cars of barley where he now ships 1. The price of land, the same 'authority alleges, has shrunk in North Dakota mainly for such reasons. He contends there isn't a grain-growing State in the West which hasn’t been hit by prohibition in the same way. * K ok X As the campaign winds up without loosing their tongues, Frank O. Lowden and William G. McAdoo are being nick- named “the missing links.” Now that Vice President Dawes has recovered his speech and spoken out for Hoover, some authorities think the spirii may move Lowden. McAdoo is not expected to leave his tent. (Copyright. UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR Ten Years Ago Today. 1928.) In ‘the face of flerce resistance the 1st American Army hit the German line two smashing blows today, one on either side of the Meuse. German shell- fire reached an intensity of 80 to 100 shells a minute during the fighting, and the American gunners responded in kind * * * Marshal Haig's men again push on and drive the Germans back on the whole front between the Sambre Canal and the Scheldt, about 17 miles. Since yesterday morning the British have taken 7,000 prisoners and more than 100 guns. Despite heavy German resistance numerous strongholds on both sides of Valenciennes are cap- tured * * * French forces win on the Lys. They increase their gains east of the river * * * Allies hail President's last words to Germany as and see an _armistice almost impossible under such drastic terms. Paris especially likes his idea of turning over armistice matters to military leaders * * * Austria reported near full surrender * * * Re- volt threatens in Hungary * * * Count Karolyl demands a separate peace and a new in Budapest liament ¢ ¢ ¢ §ix hundred and thirty-five casualties on list given out today, bring- ing grand total thus far for both Army and Marine Corps to 60,247. that, he prefers to be by the master’s | in rule, | b Politics at Large By G. Gould Lincoln. COLUMBUS, Ohio, October 24.— Years Booth Tarkington wrote a delightful story which called “The Gentleman from Indiana.” The Demo- crats in their “clean-up” campaign in the Hoosier State this year are suggest- ing that it is_time to revive the gen- tlemen from Indiana. Unkindly, they suggest that gentlemen in Republican ’| Indiana politics have been out of fashion. They point, not with pride, but with scorn, to a list of 24 or 25 Republicans, either office holders in th2 State or party leaders, who have been indicted within the last few years on various kinds of charges, running from violations of the banking laws and con- spiracy against the State to plain, or- | dinary political corruption. One Repub- lican governor was jailed, McCray, and the present governor, Ed Jackson, was indicted for conspiracy, along with George V. Coffin, Republican county chairman, for conspiracy to McCray, when he was governor, to ap- point their candidate county prosecutor. McCray, to his credit be it said, resisted the bribe. Jackson pleaded the statute of limitations when his case came up for trial and got off. So did Coffin. Clyde Walb, former Republican State chairman, is in jail now, having been found guilty of violating certain laws of the State, and former Mayor John Duvall of Indianapolis has been con- victed of political corruption, and his case is now on appeal. These are just samples of the conduct of some of the Republican officials which has made Indiana a byword for political corrup- tion. e o In Indiana, it has been said, all men are authors or politicians, and some are both. When it came time to clean up the city of Indianapolis, the people, in a non-partisan effort to better condi- tlons, selected Meredith Nicholson, widely known as a novelist and writer on public affairs,\as a member of the city council, and "he is functioning. to- day as a member of an entirely re- vamped council. . The council makes up the budget for the city and controls the money gs. It has nine members. About a year ago seven members of the city council were indicted for mal- feasance in office. One of them was convicted, five others pleaded guilty and were let off with the payment of fines and one was acquitted. These in- dicted councilmen had an arrangement with the prosecutor whereby they would resign from office and permit others to be named in their places. Those gentlemen chosen to fill the vacancies in the city council were elect- ed, one by one, by the council itself on recommendations from & city commit- tee which scoured the town for men of standing, irrespective of their party af- filiations. Mr. Nicholson, by the way, is a Democrat. The new council has functioned with great satisfaction to the city and its election is refurded as an important step in the clean-up pro- gram. x Kk K Louls Ludlow, for many years a correspondent for many Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana newspapers in Washington, is a candidate on the Democratic ticket for Congress in the seventh district, against _the Republican incumbent. Ralph E. Updike. Ludlow, formerly president of the National Press Club the National Capital, is campaigning ‘arduously in these final weeks before election. He has the support of all the Indianapolis newspapers, all of which also are supporting the Repub- lican national ticket. He is running in a strongly lumxbltcnn con; nal district, located Indianapolis. Up- dike served overseas in the World War and is making the most of his service record. But Updike was one of those Re- publican leaders who apparently fell under the domination of the Ku Klux Klan several years ago, when D. C. was the boss of that or- anization. It is charged now that gupnexwon's “black _box,” containing his private papers, held a letter, or con- tract, signed by Updike, in which Up- dike pledged himself to make appoint- ments “to any place that may be open,” in accordance with recommenda- tions made by Stephenson, including the postmaster at Indianapolis. Steph- enson is in jail, serving a life sentence for the murder of an Indiena girl under particularly brutal circumstances., Any The Stephenson “black box” is in the hands of the grand jury and the county prosecutor, Stephenson having ordered its surrender in the hope that he might eventually win a new trial and escape from his present imprisonment. Ac- cording to reports, there have been many qualms in Indiana breasts over what the “black box” might produce. But there is a suspicion on the part of some people in Indianapolis that be- fore the box was turned over to the lutl:orm‘::l wdr:m: of L::; contents had mysteriously disappeared. Indiana has be‘:n noted for its fac- tional Republican differences. As & however, the Republicans in na- tional campaigns have gotten together, and this seems to be the case now. Senator Watson, although he opposed the nnmln-tlor‘x’y th hHogvfi:x; vloglggu h.fcv): little to gain e 's Smith. If it did, who doubts but what the anti-Watson group would immedi- ately begin to chant. “Watson double- crossed” the ticket? Former Gov. Good= rich, an anti-Watson Republican, was one of the first of the Indiana Repub- licans to leap on the Hoover band wagon. Now, according to Repubican St&g headquarters in Indianapolis, Mr. Goodrich has been taken into the bosom of that organization, as least for this campaign. Watson has so strong a hold on the situation in Indiana that there seems little prospect of any real effort to_unhorse him, certainly at present. He has four years more of his present term as Senator in Washing- ton. * ok ok Up in Wisconsin the Demoorats are mEu the La Follette Progressive vote. In that State and in other States the Demoerats are making a play, not only for the La Follette vote, but also for the German-American vote. Some of the Republicans are saying that the followers of Senator La Follette in Wisconsin perhaps have forgotten the rough ride that Democrats gave the late Senator La Follette when -there was a demand for his expulsion from the Senate, in 1917, because of his St. Paul speech in September of that year, which his critics insisted was pro- German. When a resolution of the Minnesota Commission of Public Safety was lald before the Senate the expulsion of Senator La Foll ator La Follette delivered an add defending himself and the right of free speech. Senator Robinson of Arkansas, tg:e Democratic candidate for Vice President this year, was one of those who undertook to criticize Senator La Follette severely on the floor of the Senate. For _more than a year the resolution regarding Senator La Follette lay dor- mant in the Senate committee on priv- ileges and elections. Indeed, it was not until January, 1919, after the ces- sation of hostilitics, that it was resur- rected, and a report was made to the Senate by the late Senator Dillingham of Vermont declaring that the speech delivered by Senator La Follette at St. Paul did not justify any action by the Senate. The report of the Senate com- mittee was thereupon adopted by a vote of 50 to 21, 33 mmucm voting in favor of the resoluf and 17 Demo- crats, while 20 Democrats voted against it and were joined by 1 Republican, former Senator Smith of Michigan. The Democratic candidate for Vice President, the Republicans say, would have voted against the resolution and Senator La Follette had he been present. As it was, e was recorded as paired with Sena- tor Hardwick of Georgia, who was in favor of the resolution and would have supported it had he been present. — et Taxes Stand Alone. Prom the Olean Herald. Death and taxes have points in - mon, but in some cases death is less. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS - BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘The resources of our free Information Bureau are at your service. You are invited to call upon it as often as you please. It is being maintained solely to serve you. What question can we answer for you? There is no charge at all except 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address your letters to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D. C. Q. How large is the Zeppelin which recently came from Germany?—T. S. A. The Graf Zeppelin is 775 feet long. with a diameter of 100 feet. It can carry 20 passengers in addition to a crew of 40. Q. What is the nature of a fish's circulatory system?—T. McG. A. The circulation of fish is practi- cally the same as that of higher ani- mals except that the lungs are replaced bv gills. When water passes over the gills the blood takes up the oxygen. In some fish, in addition to gills, there are rudimentary Mngs, a supplementary circulation. Q. What is heat, and what causes it?>—K. M. A. Heat is a form of molecular ezer- gy. According to the modern kinetic theory of heat, the molecules of all bodies are in a state of rapid vibra- tion and any increase of the rapidity of this motion, from whatever cause, increases the heat of the body, while the heat is decreased if this velocity is diminished. Q. What country is the jujube a native of>—M. A. S. A. The Chinese jujube (Ziziphus ju- Jjuba) has been grown in Northern China since ancient times. It is one of the five principal fruits of that country, and many excellent varieties have been developed by the Chinese. The tree is deciduous, rather small, and somewhat spiny, with firm, shining- green, oval or oblong leaves 1 to 3 inches long. The fruit is a drupe, ellip- tic or oblong, up to about 2 inches long, with a thin dark-brown skin, and crisp, whitish flesh of sweet, agreeable flavor, inclosing a hard two-celled point stone. Although a few seedling trees were grown in the United States as early as about 1837, it was not until Frank N. Meyer, agricultural explorer, visited China in 1908 that scions of large fruit- ed varieties were introduced. As a re- sult of Meyer's work there are now established in California and the South- west, a number of the best and largest fruited forms of the jujube. Q. Is it true that by the use of colors in taking pictures, astronomers have discovered the period of rotation of the planet Venus?>—C. H. R. A. The United States Naval Observa- tory says that photographs of Venus taken in ultra-violet light, by Dr. Frank E. Ross, at the Mount Wilson Observatory, show details over the disk which are interpreted as cloud for- mations. The appearance and be- havior of these formations led Dr. Ross to assign a period of rotation of the planet of about 30 days as the best that can be estimated from the exist- ing data. Q. What made machine gun shoots with greatest speed?—R. O. N. A. The rate of fire of ‘the Browning aircraft machine gun, the fastest ma- chhi:xewxun. is 1,050 to 1,200 shots per minute. Q. What makes the leaves change color in the Fall>—F. P. A. The brilliant colors of leaves in Autumn are due partly to chemical changes in the decaying chlorophyll and partly to the exposure of pigment cells previously concealed an abun- dance of chlorophyll or " feature of vital activity. The leaf drops be- cause it no longer receives nourish- ment from the stem or twig. Q. Have any peoples other than the American Indians practiced painting t'he!l; bodies as a war preparation?— A. The ancient Britons stained and dyed their bodies and faces with the Juice of the woad plant, which was blue in color. The British women also used the dye on iheir bodies in certain reli- glous ceremonials. Q. Why is an English iceman called a bobby?—H. YFP. 7 A. The Metropoiitan police. force of London was organized by Sir Robert Peel, whence the nmame bobby for a policeman. Q. Please give me a brief history of the Petit Trianon—B. H. P, A. The Petit Trianon is & hand- some villa erected by Louis XV for Madame Du Barry at Versailles. It was a favorite resort of Marie Antol- nette, who, with her maidens, delighted to play at dairying, making cheese and butter. The Petit Trianon is regarded as the most finished model of the Louis XV style of architecture. It was com- pleted in 1768. The gardens surround- ing it are particularly noteworthy. Q. What is the average number of days a year in the United States when mAmcll{l refrigeration is not needed? A. The United States Weather Bureau says that on an average for the United States only 19 days provide safe natu- ral refrigerating temperature, Q. Who was the first universal em- peror of t;\e united provinces of China? —C. H. B. A. Shi-Hwang-ti. & Sound “Tavels In waves, ording: " vel wa ordina- rily invisible to the eye, W’:} reflection and distortion, ‘water waves, ject to “as are Q. What is meant by an “S" line in A- pninunxs:'—ls.' M. . The “S” line is so-called because it is made of a doube curye like the letter “S.” This is illustrated in John Alexander’s painting, “Isabella and the Pot of Basil.” The front outline of the figure of Isabella is an “S” line. Q. Is it possible to have 53 Sus in a year?—F. B. M. 5 A." The year 1928 will have 53 Sun- days. Both Presidential Nominees Under Fire in Tariff Debate As a feature of the later weeks of the campaign, tariff laws and protec- dobateollowing_spectnes " by o ebate, owing | v. Smith and Mr. Hoover. The subject, which has been uppermost in many campaigns, is revived with one new feature: The Democratic nominee is interpreted as departing from the &:mon of his party and ac- principle of tection. “Gov. Smith is a realist,” states the Omaha World-Herald (independent). “He stands for honest protection it and justify posed where conditions require it, just as bravely as he stands op] to permitting tariffs to serve ‘as a shel- ter of extortion and favoritism.’ He stands for scientific and factual tariff maki and against tariff m: reward favorites, protect create an illegitimate partne: tween politics and business.” on u‘: Republican side, New York Herald Tribune argues: “Mr. Smith suggests taking the tariff out of politics. That has long been the dream of grouj dissatisfied with the slow and awk- ward methods of cor building. It has gone unrealized because a function intimately affecting so vast a percentage of the population cannot well be taken away from esenta- tives and.Senators when the voters choose, and who, under the Constitu- tion, must impose taxes and fix customs duties. The country has seen tariff boards and commissions in operation, but it must be candidly admitted that in the broad sense they have never ac- complished un):.m:u‘o ‘lmporunu. ition, the tin (inde- As to Mr. Hoover's Philadelphia Evening pendent Republican) says ‘The pro- téctive tariff promised by the Republi- can platform and pledged by Herbert Hoover is the instrument to keep the Nation in economic balance, to the benefit of its industries and their workers. Intelligent self-interest dic- tates the logical choice between Demo- cratic theory so repeatedly proved un- sound and Republican practice which has consistently achieved national well-being,” In reply to Mr. Hoover, the Birming- ham News (Democratic) charges that his “retort to Gov. Smith's proposal that the tariff be taken out of politics is demagogic balderdash set out against an honest mind’s sound suggestion for sclentific treatment of the tariff ques- tion.” The News points out that “in the present Tariff Commission ampie authority, not unlike that Gov. Smith has in mind, is delegated by Congress and by the President to the commis- sion. Under the Fordney-McCumber tariff law the Congress lodges with this commission authority to recommend changes in the tariff schedules, and es with the President authority to e these changes effective by his approval of the commission’s recom- mendations.” Significance is found by the Colum- bus Ohio State Journal (Republican) in the fact that “the Republican party is joined to its idols and the Demo- cratic party has deserted its old standards”; that “the country is sold ‘on high protection.” The Charleston Evening Post (independent Democratic) remarks: “There is no question of morality nor even of consistency in- volved in a change of viewpoint. Whether or not Gov. Smith’ has made too complete a reversal of an old party doctrine is another matter. Doubtless ‘Cleveland Democrats,’ if any -survive, will shake their heads ruefully and wonder at what the new generation will do next.” o * ok ok ok “It- would meet the wishes of the Re- publicans more nearly if the Demo- crats, including Gov. Smith, were to abide by their party’s traditional tariff- for-revenue policy, but faimess compels recognition of the situation as it exists,’ says the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (Re- publican); while the Milwaukee Journal (independent) contends that “there is much in the Hoover tariff argument which ought to show the Democrats lg:; A'llpp!ry ground in a The Democratic) offers the view: as the welfare of the Nation, the indus- stability of it, is trial is no and doctrine that our Government should use its full force, thfough such matters as the tariff, to favor certain small groups at the expense of the whole ‘monopoly, 1'1‘: i Iohip be- | COrdin col nt), “he stripped this gue-uon of all useless Among the papers which commend the position taken by Mr. Hoover is the Chicago Daily Tribune (Republican), which presents the estimate of his Bos- pre . The grasp he ayed is ample evidence to support belief ;l;;tt u‘;:cr his administration as Presi- people, -individually and collectively, so far as the President can contribute to th: secul peaking in our oldest center of in- dustrial development,” states the Kan- sas City Journal-Post (independent Re- publican), “Mr. Hoover showed how the present tariff, which every Democratic Senator and Representative eight months ago sought to revise in a whole- sale way, had vindicated the hopes of its framers and routed its crities. 1t has not reduced the total im either the 70 per cent that enters free or those paying duties. It has not shut off the export trade: that trade has increased $1,600,000,000. It has not increased the local cost of living; that has gradually become less. Mr. Hoover displayed a mastery of the subject of tariff, foreign trade and the merchant marine.” * ok ok x “Mr. Hoover’s political and tariff op- ponents,” in the opinion of the Newark Evening News (independent), “will challenge his reasoning. He s not to be answered on theoretical ds. Ci figures of actual can{:t‘:lln 1o sustal - hl:m point, he nu.ku“ou‘ a strong case for prac protection which his o] ts who have aban- doned their toric tariff views find it hard to combat.” - In support of Mr. Hoover, & protest against bureaucratic control of the tariff |is made by the Detroit Pres Press (in- dependent) and Boston Transcript (in- dependent). & Less favorable to the Republican can- didate is the comment of the Chicago Daily News (independent), which re- fers to recent de for tariff revi- |sion, and adds: “Mr. Hoover’s able and | ingenious address on the tariff and for- eign trade has cleared up some obscure points in his previous ‘The jcase_he has made is not able. ‘Hu wu} have to m‘:et pe! cflt; cisms from authorities on problems o foreign trade who find his ning unconvineing.” The News- + Leader ( dent Democratic) holds that “it is ridiculous to say that there is no difference between Republi- can _and the Democratic view of the | tariff. mn_fl h‘fl; the difference be- tween partiality and equality.” The New York Wofia (independent) argues: “Mr. Hoover is clearly not im- pressed with scientific re: . He prefers the loose and slo thods | of Congress, which are no based on log-rolling and through which some md.gamu fln ;-rmmouv cufin‘ they need and others ‘enough.” On the other hand, -] w Spokesman-Revie {serts: “The tarift party came Albany Evening News (independent Re- publican) is convinced that Congress and fl;;‘:nmnm ht mfilt:.uu"me only comm] which can responsi ble to the electorate.”