Evening Star Newspaper, September 23, 1928, Page 4

) SVITH RAPS G 0.P. ON WATER POWER Raps -Hoover on Utilities Propaganda—Asks Speed on Beulder Dam. (Continued from First Page.)_ they are owned by an individual State they should be under the control of | that State, and where they are owned | by States jointly they should be under the control of those States.” “This does not mean,” he explained. “that the Government—National or State—is required to engage in the business of distributing electrical energy, but it does mean that by virtue of this ownership, both of site and of plant, the Government shall have a contractual as well as a regulatory right to insist upon reasonable rates and equitable distribution.” Discussing, in connection with his charge that there was an organized effort to discourage public ownership of water power sites, testimony offered at the Federal Trade Commission inquiry, the Democratic standard bearer in his prepared text said the evidence dis- closed that the “prime purpose’ of these propagandists” was to defeat the Walsh resolution and to defeat meas- ures for the construction at Boulder Canyon and Muscle Shoals. Greeted With Cheers. Gov. Smith received another rousing welcome on_his arrival here this morn- ing from Oklahoma City. He found Union Station and city streets deco- rated for the Grand Army of the Re- public Encampment, just ended, and thousands of persons massed about the terminal and along Seventeenth street. through which he rode in an open auto- mobile to the Brown Palace Hotel. A National Guard plane had escorted the campaign special from Colorado Springs. and a battery of Artillery cut loose with a governor's salute as the nominee detrained. The Democratic standard bearer was acclaimed as his automobile moved slowly through the thronged business section. He waved acknowledgments with his famous brown der] The governor spent most of the time before going to the auditorium resting in his hotel suite. He also held in- formal conferences with a number cf arty and labor leaders and editeis who had come to Denver from all sec- tions of the State to greet him. Mrs. Smith and her daughter, Mr. John A. Warner, were fguests of honor at a lunchecn attended by Democratic women of the State,” and later they attended a reception arranged for them. Except for the press section and 100 chairs on the stage, every seat in the euditorium had been put on a “first come, first served” basis. More than three hours before Smith was sched- uled to begin speaking, with a Nation- wide radio hook-up provided as for his other %o addresses. crowds gathered in adjoining streets. When the. doots were opened there was a wild rush for scats, but there were'nt enough to go 'round and a throng was left on the outside listening in ‘over amplifiers. Those in charge of arrangements estimated there were 10,000 people jammec into the hall long before the &peaking started. g e HOSTESS AT MONTICELLO, PRO-HOOVER, TO LOSE JOB Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foun-| dation President Will Not Coun- tenance Antipathy to Catholics. By the Associated Press. —'.. NEW YORK, Sepferiber 22.—Stuart G. Gibboney, president’of the Thomas Jefferson Memerial Fouhdation, tonight disclosed that ‘the board of governors of that organization has' asked for the resignation of a host at Monticello, Jefferson’s home, who W charged with having announced to a‘Visitor her pref- erence for Hoover as President “because you can't trust a Catholic in politics.” “Officers and the board of governors of the memorial foundation are not interested in their employes’ politics,” Mr. Gibboney said,” “but will not for the moment countenarice any person connected with the foundation express- ing such an un-American sentiment, and particularly at the home of Thomas Jefferson, the father of.religious free- dom in America.” DR. POLING DEFENDS MRS. WILLEBRANDT Says Drys Will Not Be Silenced by Intolerance and Intimidation. By the Arc~cisted Press. Commenting on Gov. ‘Smith’s Okla- homa City speech, Dr. Daniel A. Poling, president of the Worlds Christian En- deavor Union, declared in a statement last night that the dry opposition to the Democratic candidate would not be in&;}mod “by intolerance and intimida- Dr. Poling defended Mrs. Mabel Wil- lebrandt, who was criticized by the New York Governor for a speech she made in Ohio urging ministers to use their pulpits against -Smith’s candidacy. “It is a mistake.” said Poling., “to hold her responsible for sending preach- ers to their pulpits. On prohibition and law enforcement, they have never left their pulpits. ANTI-SMITH DEMOCRATS DECLARE FOR HOOVER West Virginian Group Denounces Smith and His Stand on Dry Law. | the case may be, find itself in a position " TEXT OF By the Associated Press. DENVER, September 22.—The text of Gov. Smith’s speech, as prepared for delivery here tonight; follows: One of the very important issues of this campaign, to my way of thinking. is the policy of the Government with respect to the development of water- power. * In the past I have stated that there is a lack of understanding of the whole subject by the people generally which makes it easy for public officials who do not hold very strong views on the necessity of conservation of natural re- sources to turn them over to private in- dividuals for private profit and private gain. Electrical energy is developed two ways. either through steam generated by coal or from falling water. Through- out the United States today there is sufficient water running to waste to generate without the use of a single pound of coal electrical energy suffi- cient to meet the needs of large sec- tions of thi country. Falling water has often been referred to as white coal. It is possible to exhaust the .resources of a coal mine, but it is reasonable to suppose that water will flow on forever. Possibilities of Water Power. Let me give you some facts and fig- ures that will bring strongly to your attention the possibilities of water-power development. At Niagara Falls in the State of New York the Niagara Power Co. in a three-story .building covering a little more than am ordinary city block, with a minimum of expense for operation, generates 700,000 horsepower. In order to get an idea of what 700,000 horsepower of electrical energy means, Jet us take the city of New York, with its many industries using electrical energy, its large number of department stores, residences and the- aters. In fact, all of the electrical energy used on Manhattan Island south nf Fifty-ninth street. and from the North to the East Rivers is supplied by the New York Edison Co.'s water- side station at the foot of East Thirty- sixth street. It is estimated by electri- cal engineers that on the 2ist of De- cember the peak load of electrical en- ergy is carried. This generating sta- tion is an eight-story building, covering two full city blocks, and on that day produces 375000 horsepower. Bear in mind that the energy so produced re- quires the hauling of coal from the mines of Pennsylvania to tidewater and presents quite some problem in cost of maintenance and operation by con- trast with the small plant where the wheels are turned by falling water and requires but the necessary number of men to oil the machinery. It must, therefore, be apparent that electrical energy generated from falling water should be sold to the ultimate con- sumer at a much cheaper rate than the same amount of energy generated from steam. Many Possible Power Sites. ‘Throughout the United States there are great possible power sites. I view them as God-given resources of the country. I make the claim that the benefit of their development should ac- crue to the people themselves and that we should not permit them to fall into private hands for private development, which means private gain at the ex- pense of all the users of the energy. That private monopoly has its eyes upon these possible developments there can be no question. My own State of New York offers an example and I am reasonably certain the same condition prevails throughout the country at every possible source of power develop- ment. Private power eompanies drained Niagara Falls until the scenic beauty of that wonder of the world was threaten- ed, and as far back as 1905 the Federal Government entered into a treaty with the Dominion of Canada to limit the diversion of water from the Niagara River above the Falls in order to pre- vent it from being despoiled by the private water-power corporations of New York State. Horace McFarland, president of the National Civic Federation, speaking of New York's record with regard to her water power before my administrations, said that “the State itself had jobbed out all the sacred glories of Niagar: for no return or recompense what- ever to the people.” Combines Sought Control. ‘The great power combines, balked by the Burton act in 1907, sought control of the possible power developments of the St. Lawrence River by the incorpora- tion of a development company under special act of the legislature. After practically giving away the great power resources at the St. Lawrence, the State in the same year adopted a policy of public development under public con- trol and public ownership. The story of the desire of privates to gain con- trol of the State’s water resources is too long and too detailed for me to recite to you tonight. It suffices for me to say that today these power resources are the property of the State of New York, because of my insistent demand over a period of 10 years that develop- ment be by the State itself under State ownership and State control. Develop- ment has been halted because of the insistent demand of the Republican party in New York State that the water-power resources of the State be leased to private individuals under long- term leases. In my speech of acceptance T set up what, in my opinion, should be a defi- nite policy for the future with regard to these water-power resources. I claim that where the{l are owned by the Gov- ernment they should remain under Fed- eral control. Where they are owned by an individual State they should be un- der the control of that State, and where they are owned by States jointly they should be under the control of those States. By contro] I meari absolute re- tention by the owership of the power itself, by owning d controlling the site and the plant ai*_he place of gen- eration. Only in this way can the Gov- ernment agency, State or Federal. as to provide fair and reasonable rates to the ultimate consumer, and insist upon a fair and equal distribution of the power through contractual agreements with the distributing companies. Favors Public Development. The cost of electrical energy gener- ated from water power is largely de- termined by the cost of the money used for the development. Private develop= ment involves a larger rate of interest By the Assoclated Press. CHARLESTON, W. Va. September | 22.—A resolution was made public here tonight on behalf of the West Virginia | anti-Smith Democrats formally indors- | ing the presidential candidacy of Her- | bert Hoover and denounmcing that of | Gov. Smith. Democratic nominee, and | his stand for modification of the pro- | hibition laws. At the same time the resolution | pledged the support of ‘the anti-Smith Democrats to support the congressional, State, district and county nominees of the Democratic party in West Virginia. | The resolution was made public upon | authority of R. Hugh Jarvis of Morgan- town, chairman of the executive com- mittee of the anti-Smith organization. VENIZELOS HONORED. Greek Premier Reaches Rome for Signing cf Amity Treaty. ROME, September 22 (#).—Eleuther- | 10s Venizelos, prime minister of Greece, | was received with special honors when | Be arrived here this evening prepared 0 sign a treaty of non-aggression and friendship between Italy and his country. He is to have an audience with Pre- | mier Mussolini tomorrow morning and a banquet will be tendered him at the Excelsior Hotel in the evening. If that straw hat is beyond wear you can cut out the top and bind it with | their decision on the 6th of November. on the underlying securities than does public development. And it is fair to| assume that private companies will fol- low their practice of the past and give to the bondholders of prospective de- velopments a stock bonus. That means an obligation on the ultimate consumer | to pay rate for electrical energy that will meet the cost not only of operation and maintenance of Rlant. with depre- ciation, but also the higher cost of the borrowed money. For the State of New York, and it would apply throughout the country, I suggested the creation of a quasi-pub- lic corporation. municipal in character and clothed with the authority to issue its bonds, exempt from taxation, to carry on the development. Following the suggestions of farm relief that I made at Omaha on Tues- day night, I urge that the citizens of our country should study the platforms of both parties, as well as the speeches and statements of the candidates, in order that they may be able to make 1 shall take up first the Republican platform in so far as it states anything relative to the water-power develop- ment. The platform reads: “The Republican party has been forehanded in assuring the development of water power in accordance with pub- lic_interest.” I see no evidence of that. What does that mean? What plan has the Republican party for assuring that de- HE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, SEPTEMBER 23, 1928—PART 1. GOVERNOR tention for power sites on public land and power privileges on navigable streams and the public domain. ‘This part of the conservation plank of the Republican platform seems to me to be in line with the attitude of the Republican party in the State of New York with regard to water powers that are the property of that State: they have always declared for public retention of power sites, but at the same time they pirepare themselves to lease these same power sites for 50 years to private companies for private opera- tion. To my way of thinking, a 50-year lease is equivalent to the alienation of them. The principles which I have an- nounced apply to the proposed dam at Boulaer Canyon. The special need with respect to Boulder Canyon, however, is action, and immediate action. Lands of priceless value, farmhouses and human life in parts of Arizona and California are in imminent danger of destruction from the annual floods of the Colorado River. To allow this situation to con- tinue s a travesty upon government. The floods of the Colorado River must be harnessed to protect not only property but human life and make the torrents of that stream not the enemy but the servant of mankind. There must be no further delay. It is true that all of the seven Colorado River basin States have rights to the use of the waters of the Colorado River. The States should enjoy such benefits con- sistently with the right and duty of Congress under the Constitution to reg- ulate navigation and the flow of nav- igable streams. When legislation finally passes through Congress I want to see it produce a dam and not a controversy. Agreement Is Vital. Tt is vital, therefore, that the seven Colorado Basin States come to an hon- est and reasonable agreement as to their rights in the Colorado River. At the same time, it is the duty of Con- gress under the Constitution in such a case to build levees and such impound- ing dams as may be necessary to reg late the flow of this river, with inc dental protection against the destructive forces of floods. Likewise, there is an engineering and an economic problem. A board of distinguished engineeis and geologists has been appointed un- der the authority of Congress to survey, study and report by December 1, 1928, upon the problem relative to the con- struction of the proposed Boulder Dara. With that report the States may in- telligently co-operate and agree. If, in the light of that report and the attitude of the several States involved, it shall appear that the speediest and most ef- fective way to bring about this great improvement is to have the Govern- ment build it, and Congress should so determine, it would be the duty of the President to abide by that decision and hasten the work upon that dam. If I should be elected President be- fore action had been taken by Congress upon this great question I would imme- diately submit to Congress the avail- able data on this subject with the re- quest for immediate action. The situ- ation demands the fair co-operation among the States themselves and be- tween the States and the Federal Gov- ernment. But however this dam shall be constructed one thing is sure: the site of the dam and the machinery generating this water power must be preserved in public ownership. Never should this priceless right be given away for private exploitation; and, in whatever form the power generated at Boulder Dam shall be distributed, pub- lic authority must -retain the con- tractual right to control the rates to be charged to the ultimate consumer and to control by contract the fair and rea- sonable distribution of the power to be generated. New York Problem Similar. Let me say a personal word on this subject. I have had similar problems %o this in my own State. The port of New York includes not only the State of New York, but much of the sur- rounding territory, including the ‘waters adjacent to the Jersey shore. ‘We have had the same kind of question there involving the relations of one State with another. The‘r:atrmge silence of the candidate and the meaningless plank of the Re- publican platform indicate, to say the jeast, a sympathy with the widespread propaganda against public ownersbip spread throughout this country by an organization known as the Joint Com- mittee of the National Electric Light Association. Two recent steps taken by the Re- publican party clearly show its attitude foward this important problem. The first is the appointment by the Presi- dent of Mr. Roy O. West of Chicago as Secretary of the Interfor, and the second is the election of H. Edmund Machold as chairman of the New York State Republican committee. Mr. West for almost a quarter of a century has been closely identified with important power companies. If con- firmed by the Senate he will be a mem- ber of the commission which will study the engineering problems of the Boulder Dam project. He will also serve as an ex-officio member of the Federal Power Commission, which issues licenses for power development on navigable waters and which will have to pass upon ap- plications for licenses by companies in Which Mr. West is or has recently been interested. Alleges Unfriendliness. Is it not, fair argument to assume that such an appointment indicates a spirit of unfriendliness, if not hostility, on the part of the Republican party in the Nation to those who stand for public ownership and control of the God-given rcsources of the Nation? Does not such an appointment show a leaning toward those seeking to exploit these resources for their own private gain and profit rather than in the interests of the peo- ple themselves? In the State of New York updoubtedly the most important line of cleavage today between the two great parties is the problem of how to deal with the State’'s waterpower, That is, perhaps, the paramount issue in the compaign being waged there. And what does the Republican party in the State do? It selects as its State chairman, H. Edmund Machold, former Speaker of the Assem- bly, the most bitter opponent of public ownership and control of waterpower, who used all his influence and strength in the Legislature to oppose the adop- tion of a constructive, forward-looking program of State ownership and control and who, until the very day he was selected State chairman, was affiliated with many of the largest private water- power companies in the State. greatest waterpower States in the Union, chooses as its leader the greatest enemy in the State to the development of waterpower in the interest of the people. 5 ‘The Federal Trade Commission, in its Investigation of public utility corpora- tions, has developed some facts which indicate that Mr. Hoover knew of the existence of this power lobby intended w influence congressional action and legislation. The lobby's executive direc- tor, Judge Davis, was formerly Assist- ant Secretary of Commerce under Mr. Hoover at a salary of $6,000 a year. He resigned this position to accept $35,000 as executive director of the joint com- mittee. Cites Gadsden and Clapp. In the testimony it was brought out that Philip H. Gadsden, vice chairman of the committee, also vice president of the gas improvement group, speaking in Chicago about the selection of Judge Davis, said the followiny “Until June 1 he was counselor and Assistant Secretary of the Department of Commerce. At the special request of Mi. Hoover he was released by our committee so that he could act as chair- man of the international radio com- mission, but from now on he is going velopment in accordance with public interest? What is their idea of public interest? tape for use as a table mat for hot dishes or under flower receptacles.— Fhiladelphia Public Ledger. All that the platform does beyond that is to say that there has been as- sured a policy of permanent public re- to be with us.” It is worthy of note that that man named Paul S. Clapp became secretary “of the joint committee. Mr. Clapp was and is the executive officer of the Na- tional Electric Light Assoclation, at a N SMITH’S ‘What can the people of the Nation expect from a party that in one of the ! salary of $25,000 a year. The National Electric Light Association is one of the three groups which make up the joint committee, the other two being the American Gas Association and the American Street Railway Association. Mr. Clapp testified that before he was employed by the National Electric Light Association he was a secretary of Mr. Hoover's, and was the secretary also of Mr. Hoover's Eastern super- power conference. It is also significant to note that upon the recommendation of Judge Davis former Senator Lenroot was retained by the joint committee. Senator Learoot was Mr. Hoover’s coun- sel at the Kansas City convention in the contest over Southern delegates. Why did this committee build up this expensive organization and why did they hire elaborate quarters in the city of Washington? What was the neces- sity for the expenditure in the year end- ing June 30, 1927, of $993,000 with a budget for the current year of $1,079,- 190? Development Discouraged. The unquestioned purpose of this or- ganized effort was to discourage public ownership of water power sites for the development of electrical energy and the defeat of pending bills at Wash- ington appropriating public money for such developments. It was accom- plished in many ways. The evidence discloses that the prime purpose of these propagandists was to defeat the Walsh resolution for an in- vestigation of utility corporations, to defeat measures for the construction of the Boulder Canyon dam. and to de- feat legislation for the construction of Muscle Shoals. * The payment of $7,500 was made to one well known writer for a booklet on Boulder Dam. Ex-Senator Irvine Lenroot was retained as local counsel at a retainer of $20,000 to oppose the Walsh resolution. It was frankly ad- mitted that advertising was inserted in certain newspapers in order to secure from them the printing in their news columns of propaganda against public ownership and against congressional legislation deemed hostile to the power interests. To such enormous proportions did this reach that one of the officials testi~ fled: “We discontinued the practice of complling any figures on the amount of newspaper space obtained for the reason we were afraid they would be- come public and might be misunder- stood.” $175.000 wa? spent to circular- ize 900.000 holders of public utilities stocks in an effort to cause them to communicate with their Representatives at Washington urging opposition to the measures condemned by the utlitiy companies. So-called boiler plate ma- terial was sent out from their head- quarters to newspapers all over the country. Schools Were Invaded. “The schools were invaded. The people of the United States might well sit up and take notice when the min- utes of the National Electric Light As- sociation show a plan to have so-called properly qualified men prepare text books for use in classes and libraries, and by having men prominent in the industry give lectures before the classes in order that the view points of this industry's leaders “may be presented to the oncoming generation.” The dean of a university, on leave of absence, was put upon the pay roll at $15,000 a year to ascertain what edu- cational work having a bearing upon the public utility field was being done in schools and colleges. An effort was made to curtail the freedom of speech of university professors by exerting pressure against them. One of the of- ficlals wrote: “The infernal trouble is that these very extension lecturers and chaps who purport to do university service are least likely to be thoughtful and com- petent men.” He added: “We can be charged with no inter- ference with academic freedom if we step on it by any honest means in our control.” . I think the gentleman was wrong. I think he can be charged, and that he is charged, with interference with aca- demic freedom. Quotes U. S. Commission. The Federal Commission points out that as far back as 1923 a director of the National Electric Light Association. speaking before their convention, had the following to say: “I would advise any manager here who lives in the community where there is a college to get the professor of economics interested in your prob- lems. Have him lecture on your sub- ject to his classes once in a while. It will pay you to take such men, getting five or six hundred dollars or a thou- sand dollars a year, and give them 2 retainer of one or two hundred dollars for the privilege of letting you study and consult with them. For how in heaven’s name can we do anything in the schools of the country with the young people growing up if we have not sold the idea to the college pro- fessor?” The idea they were seeking to seil to children and to college professors was the idea of discouraging public ownership of water power. It was testified that one of the prin- cipal activities of the educational com- mittee of the National Electric Light Association was the censoring and prep- aration of books for the public schools. Witness after witness at the hearing of the Federal Trade Commission testi- field to the nation-wide effort to reach the mind of the child in the public school and in the high school. An example of this is shown in the testi- mony wherein it was brought out that in one year 65000 pamphlets were dis- tributed to 289 high schools in New England.- Most of these pamphlets went into the question of national legis- lation and thoroughly condemned the Walsh resolution, the legislation relating to Muscle Shoals and Boulder Dam. Sought to Impress Children. These men were so much afraid that public ownership and public develop- ment would decrease the price of elec- trical energy that they spent their money to try to plant in the minds of children, as well as grown-ups, sup- posed dangers and supposed irregulari- ties that grow out of public ownerships. In other words, it was an altermpt to ison the mind of the American pub- ic. Even if they honestly believed in the validity of their arguments the methods used were despicable. I am about to read to you an address by Mr. Hoover delivered before the | forty-eighth convention of the National Electric Light Association held at san Francisco in June of 1925. Speaking of the men that are responsible for this propaganda, he pins a gold medal on them, in the following Janguage: “The majority of the men who domi- nate and control the electrical utilities themselves belong to a new school of public understanding as to the responsi- bilities of big business to the people.” 1 preter to take my stand with Theo- dore Roosevelt, who, speaking of the movement toward monopoly, said as far back as 1909: “It is still in its infancy and un- less it is controlled the history of the ofl industry will be repeated in the hydroelectric industry, with results far more oppressive and disastrous for the people.” Quotes Theodore Roosevelt. On the whole question of the conser- vation of our waterpower resources let me further quote President Roosevelt. In a speech in the city of Watertown only 13 years ago, he said: “¥ou have in this section a most valuable asset in your natural water- power. You have elected too many men in ths past who have taken what be- longs to the Nation. Coal and oil barons cannot compare to waterpower barons. Do not let them get a mo- nopoly on what belongs to this State. There has been a persisteht effort to | give private corporations control of the waterpower in this country. There has been an effort to give that control to the aluminum trust. If the alum- WATER-POWVER SPEECH inum trust makes its money fairly, all right. But when it gets money and power by taking the natural resources of the State it is time for us to object. | Do not give up your waterpower for a promise of quick development. We are poor citizens if we allow the things worth most to get into the hands of a few." There are pending for consideration two important special water power de- velopment projects. One is at Boulder Canyon on the Colorado River. The other night at Omaha I wrote out my prescription for the ills from which the farmers of this country are suffering. I would like to put my prescription for Boulder Dam in writing, too, so that there cannot be any misunderstanding about ft. On the question of ownership, of the power plant for the purpose of “control of rates to the ultimate consumer by contractual agreements it is silent, and all the benefit of cheap development through the use of public money is en- tirely lost sight of. Refers to Hoover Speech. Let us pass from the platform for a minute to the speech of acceptance of the Republican candidate. It contains not one single word on the question of water power development. The Republican candidate says that “nearly ail of our greater drainages contain within themselves possibilities of cheapened transportation, irrigation, reclamation, domestic water supply, hydroelectric power, and frequently the necessities of flood control.” That is his water power policy so far as he stated it in his speech of acceptanc. He simply speaks about the poss bilities of hydroelectric power, how to develop it, how to control it, how to keep it in the hands of the people themselves that own it, he offers no_program. By contrast let us look at the Democratic platform, which declares specifically that the sovereign title and control of water power must be pres served respectively in the State and Federal Governments, to the end that the people may be protected against exploitation ot this great resource and that water powers may be expeditiously developed under such regulations as will insure to the people reasonable rates and equitable distribution. Interpreting that platform plank in my speech of acceptance, I have de- clared for a guarantee of reasonable rates and equitable_distribution, for the ownership by the Federal Government or the State, respectively, of the power site and generating plant, and that the sovereign power must control the switch that turns on and off the power. ‘Would Have Regulation. This does not mean that the Govs ernment—National or State—is required to engage in the business of distribut- | ing electrical energy, but it does mean that by virtue of this ownership, both of site and of plant, the Government shall have a contractual as well as a regulatory right to insist upon reason- able rates and equitable distribution. Following the speech of acceptance by the Republican candidate there was widespread disappointment _expressed that this speech contained no reference to any plan with regard to the devel- opment of water power, and there was forthcoming a promise that it would be dealt with in a later speech. Consequently, at Los Angeles, on the 17th of August, Secretary Hoover at- tempted to get forth his water power views, but he dealt with nothing but the Boulder Dam development, and all he said was that he would approve the highest dem that the engineers would recommend. He then spoke of the number of people who had come to live in Southern California. He spoke about the city of Los Angeles, its growth and its climate. He spoke about a water supply for California. He spoke about the great national asset of the Colorado River Basin and predicted that in years to come it would be the scene of hun- dreds of thousands of new homes, and voiced his hope for mutual co-opera- tion in the development. He thanked the people for their gracious reception and their countesy. This is the only water power policy that he has an- nounced. ‘What is the difficulty standing in the way of public development? Inaction on the part of the Federal Government. Accomplishment Desired. The desirable thing is accomplish- ment. I brought about results in the Port of New York, by being able to sit down with representatives from the two States and talk reason and justice to them and get reason and justice from them. If this question is not settled by the time I take the oath of office as President by that method I am confi- dent that without delay I can succeed in letting you sce the men at work building the Boulder Canyon Dam. As to Muscle Shoals, I believe that the Government should continue the full and complete development of that plant, retaining it under Government ownership and control. The construc- tion of Muscle Shoals was a war meas- ure. Its purpose was to produce nitrates for_explosives. The Republican national administra- tion evidently does not consider this matter of any great importance. In his message to the Sixty-ninth Congress in 1925, President Coolidge said: “The problem of Muscle Shoals seems to me to have assumed a place out of all proportion with its real importance. It probably does not represent in mar- ket value much more than a first class battleship, yet it has been discussed in the Congress over a period of years and for months at a time.” “I_disagrece most emphatically with the President. The principle involved in the proper disposition of Muscle Shoals means more to the people of this country than one hundred first class battleships. Only at the last session of the Congress a bill dealing with the problem in a forward-looking manner was included by Mr. Coolidge among his pocket vetoes, not even being worthy, according to his notion, of any explanation for its rejection. Pledges Shoals Operation. As T stated in my speech of accept- ance, it would be the policy of my administration to develop a method of operation for Muscle Shoals under Gov- ernment ownership and control which would reclaim to the Government some fair revenue from the enormous ex- penditure already made for its devel- opment. The development of this plant should be completed so that the Na- tion may be reimbursed, agriculture re- ceive the benefit of cheap nitrate pro- duction for fertilizer purposes, and the surplus power distributed fairly to the people of the 10 States which this plant could serve at rates which should remain under the control of the Gov- ernment. I have done my best to Jay before you tonight what in my opinion is & great national issue. I have, as clearly as I can do it, define my own views. I am giving you also the benefit of & study of the Democratic platform. I firmly believe that I have shown to you that the Republican platform is meaningless. I have demonstrated that the Republican candidate for President expresses no views on the subject. But you cannot escape the conclusion from the testimony that he is in sympathy with the men who attempted to spread throughout the country propaganda against the progressive idea of public ownership and control of our great waterpower resources. It is to be hoped that before the cam- paign progresses further the Repub- lican candidate will clearly define to the people of our country his stand upon this issue. I await it. Meanwhile, from the public records, from the platform planks, from the speeches of acceptance the friends of public ownership and public control must cast their lot with the Democratic party. Study of the platforms and of the speeches of ac- ceptance on all other issues, as well as upon water power, demonstrates that the intelligent forward-looking progres- SMITH DISCUSSES EVERYTHING FROM MODERN YOUTH TO RADIO| Reaction to Western Tour Is Favorable, He Tells Repo Quizzing By the Associated Press. DENVER, Colo., September 22 —Gov. Smith expressed the opinion here today that reaction to his tour of the West thus far had been very favorable, and that the enthusiasm of the crowds at all cities visited, including those along his train right of way, had been 100 per cent. Receiving more than 50 newspaper men in his hotel suite for a press con- ference, the Democratic presidential nominee submitted to a rapid fire of questions, chiefly from Colorado news paper men. He reiterated that no one issue, in his mind, stood out above any other in the presidential battle and an nounced that he would discuss the Swing-Johnson Boulder Dam question in his water power speech tonight. The governor had no comment to make on the statement made in Wash- ington by Horrace A. Mann. Republican campaign official, that merely as an ac- comodation. Republican headquarters there had furnished the telephone num- ber of a Washington publication to a women who had called to the head- quarters four times seeking anti-Smith literature. Health “First Rate.” “That's his explanation and I will have nothing to say,” the governor replied to the first question put to him. “How is your health standing up?” he then was asked. “Pirst rate,” he replied. ‘The governor then was asked a series of lighter questions by a local reporter which had no bearing on the campaign. | and which the questioner said probably would appear facetious, but neverthe- less would be interesting should Smith be elected. “What is your favorite color?” hc began. “In hats—brown,” the governor shot back smilingly. “Your favorite dish?” “Haven't any.” “What do you smoke?” “Nothing but cigars. “Do you prefer blondes or brunettes?” “Well, I'll treat that as a joke.” “Do you believe presidential candi- dates ever will stump the country in aigplanes?” “Here's one that won't.” Radio Called Help. Asked if he thought the radio was an aid or a hindrance to a campaign speaker, the governor replied: | rters—didesteps on Tarl& “I believe the radio is a great help. If a man has a real message to deliver, he can get it on the radio and the re- sponses a man gets clearly indicate it is a good thing.” “What responses did you get from vour Oklahoma City speech?” *‘About half a carload.” Asked about Democratic prospects in the country he has visited, the nominee said he was talking about them in his speeches. He explained that he had declined to answer the series of questions put to him in a full-page newspaper advertise- ment in Oklahoma City because he was “not going to permit the Republican national committee to pull a red her- ring across the trail of real issues.” “What do vou think of the modern college youth?” asked a young man who said he was one of them. “What do you mean?” the governor returned. “Well, do you think he is going to hell, or do vou think there is some hope for the world after all?” “If you go to the local public H- brary,” the nominee replied, “you Wfl} find out the answer to that question.” To Discuss Tariff. Gov. Smith declined to amplify what he has already said on the equalization fee and in answer to another question as to whether he thought the Inter- state Commerce Commission should as- sume control, instead of the States, over motor bus and truck transporta- tion, said he would have to study that question before he could answer it. ‘Will you discuss the tariff?” T'1l take that up later on.” “What is your idea of handling labor disputes which we are having here in Colorado?" “That's in my acceptance speech.” “Then you favor conciliation and arbitration?” ' “That's it.” Informed that Norman Thomas, So- clalist candidate for President, in a statement issued in Denver Thursday, had outlined a series of eight ques- tions for him to answer and asked if he would like to have a copy to answer tonight, the governor refused and said he would not reply to them. He said hewould take a good rest before his speech and attend church tomorrow morning before leaving at 11 o'clock under a revised schedule. DRY LEAGUE IN CHURCHES TODAY IS FIGHTING SMITH AND SUPPORTING HOOVER (Continued_from_ First Page.) how the interests of the dry cause may be best protected and advanced in the choice of candidates for office, the league has issued a statement on the presidency. 5 “On September 23, which is temper- ance Sunday, this statement will be presented to the people in the churches that co-operate with the Anti-Saloon League all over the United States. On| the same day a leaflet on ‘The Next President and Prohibition,’ containing a detailed statement by the Anti-Sa- loon League on the fssue involved and the records and declarations of the can- didates, will be distributed in twenty to thirty thousand churches.” The league's leaflet points out that in the coming election dry voters again will be given an opportunity to choose officials who are for prohibition from among the candidates of both the Democratic and Republican _parties. The leaflet _emphasizes that the most important ‘official will be the next Presi- dent and defines in detail the powers the Chief Executive will possess. Text of Letter. The letter of the local league, signed by Andrew Wilson, president, and Al- bert E. Shoemaker, executive secretary, is as follows: “Dear Pastor: “Temperance Sunday, September 23, affords a fine opportunity for an effec- tive Nation-wide appeal to church voters to rally to the defense of na- tional prohibition on November 6. The Anti-Saloon League of America, by its campaign committee and with the co- operation of the State league, is appeal- ing to every co-operating pastor in the country to present the facts about pro- hibition and the Presidency to his con- gregation on that day. “The outstanding issue of the cam- paign, made so by the Democratic can- didate for the Presidency, is prohibi- tion. Gov. Smith is an enemy of pro- hibition, Secretary Hoover is a friend of prohibition. The issue is sharply drawn. p “The importanceé of voters being in- formed promptly about the situation is manifest. We do not vote in the Dis- trict of Columbia, but there are from 50 to 60 thousand persons residing in the city who can vote in the States, 33 of which permit absentee voting by mni}. and some permit registration by mail. “The District of Columbia League now lays this important matter before you with the earnest request that.you bring it to the attention of your con- gregation next Sunday, particularly emphasizing the importance of register- ing wherever required by State law. It is suggested that information and blanks required by voters will be fur- nished at Republican State head- quarters, 823 Fifteenth street. “For your convenience, we are en- closing & copy of the leaflet, “The Next President and Prohibition,” prepared especially for the occasion, together with other documents. “The result of such a nation-wide simultaneous appeal as planned for next Sunday cannot be measured. The votes for Mr. Hoover that are cast from this city may be of the highest importance in determining the result all friends of the eighteenth amendment so ardently desire, Yours for the integrity of na- tional prohibition.” When this letter came to the atten- tion of Mr. Costello, he issued the fol- lowing statement last night: “The churches of America have been appealed to by a letter from the Anti- Saloon League to declare from the pulpits on Sunday, September 23, that Alfred E. Smith must be defeated. “To my mind this is the greatest calamity that ever happened in the political history of our country. The spectacle of Hoover and his manager, Work, issuing statements disclaiming any part in the reign of un-American bigot: and fanatical Constitution destroying intolerance becomes pitiful when an appeal like this is made to every Protestant pastor to preach against Gov. Smith from his pulpit and at the same time admonishes them to lead their flocks into Republican headuarters so that their votes may be STRATON DEFENDS SMITH OPPOSITION Upholds Bolters and States Smith Introduced the Religious Issue. By the Associated Press. OKLAHOMA CITY, Okla, Septem- ber 22.—Charging that Gov. Alfred E. Smith, Democratic presidential nom- inee, “deliberately and with calculated purpose dragged the religious issue into the presidential campaign,” Dr. John Roach Straton, New York minister, to- night defended party “bolters,” for leav- ing the Democratic fold. He also launched a bitter denounciation at Tammany and its activities in pelitical affairs. - Dr. Straton, in his second addre: here in two days, spoke in the sa auditorium in which Gov. Smith, Thurs- day night had addressed an audience which jammed the Coliseum to the bursting point. Branding America as “the most lawless nation upon the face of the earth,” the New York divin asked “what earnest and thoughtful man can deny the assertion that in the | nominee of the Democratic party we have & supreme illustration, almost an .nnca;nluon of this spirit of lawless- peh Accuses Machine. “It is notorious,” Dr. Strafon as- serted, “that the Democratic machine has tried for many decades now to pur a mere politician into the presidency of this Republic. In every instance they have signally and ignominously failed, and in only two cas®s where they have stood out, in the final test, for righteousness, and bided their time untl they had a really great man to present, they have gloriously succeeded; namely in the election of Grover Cleveland and Woodrow Wilson. “Any real Democrat—whether North or South-—is fully justified in cutting the head of the Democratic ticket squarely off, even while voting the re- mainder of the ticket.” ‘Turning to the question of religion, Dr. Straton took up that portion of Gov. Smith’'s Thursday night speech. “Gov. Smith, in_his address here in Oklahoma City, himself deliberately, and with calculated .purpose, dragged the religious issue into the presidential campaign,” he said. “se o« It is evident that Alfred E. Smith, the Tammany candidate for the presidency, is making his bid for three groups in this country: First, the liquor crowd; second, the Roman Catholic Church; third, the machine politicians and their camp followers. “Just as we have had to take up the gauntlet thrown down by him, brazenly and boldly, on the liquor question, so now we will have to take up the gaunt- marshaled against Smith. This type of appeal for votes, coupled with the contemptible tactics of the Ku Klux Klan, scems to be the sole reliance of the Republican party for success in November. “The founders of our great Republic first agreed on one fundamental prin. ciple without which no nation could stand—religious freedom. We now have the Republican party being propped up by the two most freedom-destroying organizations imaginable — the Anti- Saloon League and the Ku Klux Klan. ‘They are supporting for President of the United States a man who was for long years a resident, if not actually a citizen, of Great Britain. “Can any straight thinking, loyal, patriotic, logical American—Protestant, Catholic, Jew or non-believer—afford to see this election won by such forces and under such leadership?” UTILITIES PUBLICITY WILL BE PROBED | Federal Trade Commission to In- vestigate Activities in Pacific Coast States. By the Associated Press. Publicity activities of power utilities in Pacific Coast States will receive the attention of the investigation being con- ducted by the Federal Trade Commis- sion during the week of October 7. Although no definite dates or list of witnesses have been made public, the commission announced yesterday that California, Oregon, Washington and perhaps other Western States would be covered soon after the inquiry into utilities affairs in the South is com- pleted. The Southern phase of the investiga- tion, which will cover Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee and North Carolina, begins next Tuesday. . SENTENCE SUSPEIDED. Man Says Woman Permitted Him to Take Suit Case. Found guilty of attempting to take packages from a person on a street, Garrison Galloway, colored, giving his address as 1736 Trinidad avenue north- east, was given a suspended sentence of six months by Judge Robert E. Mat- tingly in Police Court yesterday. Policeman Levi McKinney of the sixth precinct told the court that his precinct had received several complaints about men trying to take baggage from travelers. Galloway had been seen, the ofl‘lfer l:;flfled. attempting to carry a suitoase for a woman in front of City lrost Office. o Galloway said the woman had asked him to take the baggage to a hotel. He admitted he had been convicted before of the same offense. Consuls Transferred. Recent changes in the United States Foreign Service, announced at the State Department, include the transfer of Robert O'D. Hinckley, District of Columbia, vice consul, fr¢m Panama to Colon; the resignation of Richard C. Dutrow, Maryland, consul at Manaos, Brazil, and the appointment of Gran- ville Oury, Jackson, Mich., as vice con- sul at Durango, Mexico. Col. Learnard Retired. Capt. Ralph K. Learnard, Field Artil- lery, at Joliet, IIl, has been placed on the Army retired list on account of disability incident to the service. Capt. Learnard is from Illinois and was cited for gallantry in action while serving as a second leutenant in the Organized Reserve Corps during the World War. He reached the grade of captain in the Regular Army in July, 1920. Says Race Of Advanc Here From 15.000 to 20.000 Years Ago By the Assoclated Press. NEW YORK, September 22.—A race of Indians differing in culture from any now known lived on the American con- tinent between 15,000 and 20,000 years ago, the International Congress of Americanists was told at its closing ses- sion today by Barnum Brown, curator of fossil reptiles at the American Mu- seuf of Natural History. In fossilized and Buffalo bones dis- covered near Folsom, N. Mex., several arrowheads unlike any so far known in Indian lore were found. Brown said. sive citizenship of the country will make their decision on November 6 in favor of the Democratic party. N The bones were the remains of a food kill and were preserved by debris as left by the Indians. ed Indians Lived The arrowheads are fluted an workmanship which the speake?f ‘;’u: equaled, if 1t did not surpass, anything heretofore discovered in America. The fossils were excavated by the ! American Museum and the Denver, Colo., Museum. Experts from that in- stitution have been working on the de- posit for two years. Sixteen arrows | of the lost people were discovered dur- | !n%qlhesqulrr%ml. h | r. Brown declared that the find in- dicated an idea in archery flmgr:?n from that of any modern Indian, but :fig‘:::‘cgrtdhby !lge HODQ“'!H people, al- a refinement an superior to the latter's. i becyian let thrown down on the religious ques- tion.” Denies Prejudice. Dr. Straton said the Protestant lead- ers of America have not played upon religious prejudices, and he dealt at length with illustrations in an effort to bear out this contention. Dr. Straton read an article published in the New York Herald Tribune “and the other New York papers,” June 3, 1928, in which Mayor Walker was said to have been asked by a friend, if Gov. Smith were elected to the presidency whether he would take his orders from e “Mayor Walker was quoted as re- plying,” Df. Straton said, “‘I hope to God he does.’” Dr. Straton next took up the ques- tion of whether the presidential nom:nee is a drinking man, asserting: “If Gov. Smith will come out and say that, de- spite the fact that he does drink per- sonally and with his friends, he has never been partly or wholly intoxicated on any public occasion the Nation will believe that and the talk about those matters will certainly stop. He is the only one who can stop them, and he owes it to himself and to his candidacy i to stop them now." 'ALABAMA DEMOCRATS |UST ANTI-SMITHITES Two Members of Party's State Executive Committee Are Removed From Posts. By the Associated Press. BIRMINGHAM, Ala., September 22. —Ham P. Draper, head of the State convict board of administration, and Judge Hugh Locke of Birmingham, both ardent advocates of the anti-Smith movement, were removed from the State Democratic executive committee at a special meeting of the committee here today. R. T. Milner was elected to succeed Draper from the fifth congressional district, and Clarence Mullins of Bir- mingham was elected to replace Judge Locke. An unofficial report from the com- mittee room was to the effect that the move to purge the committee of mem- bers unfavorable to the candidacy of the New York governor lacked only two votes of being unanimous. Col. Blyth Transferred. Lieut. Col. James Blyth, U. 8. In- fantry, has been detailed to duty as secretary of the Petersburg Military Park Commission with station at Petersburg, Va. He will report to the quartermaster general, War Department, for temporary duty under instruction He is now on duty with the Organized Reserves of the 8th Corps Area, witl station at Denver, Colo. . . Authorized to Take Course. Lieut. Mauricio Tellez of the Guate- malan army, now in the United States, has been authorized by the War De- partment to pursue the course in gen- eral mechanics at the Air Corps Tech- nical School at Chanute Field, Rantoul, 11, without expense to this Government. It is not necessary to have had an Ac- count at this Bank to Borrow. $540 $45.00 $1,200 $100.00 PLAN BANK Under Supervision U. S, Treasury