Evening Star Newspaper, September 23, 1928, Page 25

TELL HOW T0 SEND 1 PICTURES BY WIRE. Likeness Should be Clear for Photo-Telegraphic Dispatch. BY HOWARD W. BLAKESLEE. Associate Press Science Editor. | NEW YORK (#).—How good is your | Photo-telegraph signature—and what s | the best way to send your photo- tlegraph face to a friend? These are questions which have been taken out of the research laboratories . and laid on the public’s show case, now that either messages or pictures may be filed at telegraph offices for wire trans- mission. The answers given here have been gathered from the photo-trans- mission laboratories of the telephone | which are | and telegraph doing this work. Some Not So Good. If your signature is done in a big masterful “fist,” 1t is not altogether good for photo-transmission. The big signature can be sent just as readily as + any other, but not without cutting out some of the space available for other information in the same message. For the photo-telegram is limited to what may be set down clearly on a 5 by %-inch photo. That is much when type written, but many a sample of chirog- raphy would not do so well. For your photo-telegraphic face, if your purpose is to give a very clear idea of your appearance, the file shouid be a close-up, preferably with the lights and shadows well defined, that is, not too much of the twilight effect. But if some necessity compels sending your face when you do not care about having its details too distinct, then file a pic- ture which has plenty of background, such as relatives, friends or trees or group photos, and be sure to specify | that the background be included in the ~ wire transmission. This again is all because at the pres- ent stage of development 5 by 7 is the largest size transmissible, and the mov- ing finger of light which paints this ‘wire picture can do wonders with large figures close up, but not so much with details that are too shall. How Photo Is Sent. Two fingers of light. one in the send- ing city and one in the receiving city, with an electric current between them, do the photogram work. An ordinary photo is first made of the message or picture to be sent. This photo is de- veloped on transparent celluloid film, which is rolled into cylindrical form about the size of an old-fashioned phonograph cylinder. This film is re- volved, with a tiny beam of light, one one-hundredth of an inch square, shin- ing through it. The needle of. light Easses over the cylindrical film until it as scanned every part of the surface. This beam is bright or dark after it penetrates the film, according to the objects in the picture. A photo-electric cell catches the varying light, changes it into an electric current, the current is then amplified about 16 times, and transmitted by wire to the receiviug city. There another tiny light finger scans another cylinder, but this time the cylinder is an unexposed photo- graphic film. The receiving light passes through a small aperture which 1s epened or closed by a ribbon. This ‘ribbon receives the electric impulses from the machine in the sending city, and they cause it to vibrate. The vi- bration permits light to pass through the aperture and fall upon the unex- posed nesative in the exact proportion of the light from the original picturc, which is thereby reproduced. _ MANY HIT LIMIT ON CHAIN PROGRAMS | Listeners -Protest Commission’s Order Curtailing Net- work Broadcasts. companies Many protests against the restric- tions p’llcgd on chain broadcasting are included in the flood of complaints and commendations pouring into the offices + of the Federal Radio Commission since announcement of the new allocation of There is a saying of the theatrical where Forty-second street Broadway in New York, one will meet every one in the show business. Traditions are not established in a vear and for that reason there is no tradition about Fifth avenue and Fifty-fifth street—site of the New York studios of the National Broadcasting Co. Yet were one to stand in_the lobby of the N. B. C. Building on Fifth avenue, one would eventually see all the great way to give their best to the insatiable microphone. Within the past year the greatest stars of opera have entered the N. B. C. | studios, among them Galli-Curci, Mary Garden, Lucrezia Bori, Tita Ruffo, Mme. Schumann-Heink and a host of others, the microphone. Elsie Janis, Otis Skinner, Al Jolson, Mrs. Fiske, George Cohan and on and on through the list of names usually seen in electric lights on Broadway. Stars of the concert stage have trav- eled to the Fifth avenue studios to give their art to millions. Mischa Elman. Seidel, Spalding and others with their violins; Josef Hofmann and Friedmann {to pianos—even George Gershwin, who !turned jazz melodies into classics. Veterans of the circus, notable among them Bob Sherwood, last of P. T. Barnum's clowns, have done their stunts before the “mike.” Ragio dramatic productions have attracted the players from stock and repertory companies. Names of stars of a decade ago may be found on the casts of radio plays. While hundreds come each day to take part in some radio production, thousands call in search of radio jobs. In the files of the N. B. C. production department are listed the names of al- most every person in opera, musical comedy, drama and vaudeville—and a record is kept on the radio qualities of the voices. There are records, too, of bands and of individual instrumentalists. ~The man who went over in vaudeville be- cause of his ability to get music from a saw has demonstrated his ability to the radio program makers. Through the National Broadcasting and Concert Bureau it is possible to recruit an entire opera company, in- cluding a chorus of 50 voices, on short notice. Or, if needed, a dramatic stock company or a complete bill for a vaude- ville performance may be obtained. The door of the radio studios is al- ways open to persons who have the ability to entertain with sounds and N. B. C. s\aff members find time to test the voices or instrumental ability of hundreds of persons every week. While unknown persons with little ability and less desire to work hard for success find RADIO GOSSIP AND NEWS world that if one stands long enough | the person whose heart is in his art | crosses | will eventually get a chance to display | between the Literary Guild of America | number of the books chosen each month | At | by the Literary Guild for distribution people of the amusement world on their | 1o it5 55,000 members. | THE SUNDAY STAR. TWASHINGTON, it difficult to obtain a radio audition. his talent. Book Broadcasts Arranged. Arrangements have been concluded | and the Eveready Hfl\lr.vlt is announced, whereby the latter, a pioneer in broad- casting radio programs, will broadcast a The plan, which provides for putting | “on the air" all Guild books which lend | themselves to broadcasting, is consid- | ered to mark a distinct forward step in | the progress of radio broadcasting to a piace of distinction among the cul- tural arts. l Crooner to Broadcast | Stage stars, too, find their way to| It marks the first definite step by a national broadcaster to take advantage of the wealth of material for broad- | casting contained in modern literature | It also marks the first move by a lead- ing publisher to enter the homes of both the book-reading and non-book- | reading publics through the medium of | radio. In the main, books to be pro- duced over the Eveready Hour, which | reaches a national audience through 20 | of the most important stations, will be | | the current offerings of the Gild. STATION BREVITIES KNX, Los Angeles, reports that it has lost several of its prominent radio stars to the “talking movies.” WRUF. Gainesville, Fla,, new State- owned station on the campus of the University of Florida, is to begin opera- tion apout October 1. Ventriloquism has been added to the radio entertainment list. WSAIL Cin- cinnati, presents Boss Herbert and his dummy each Monday evening as an- other radio fad. All of the home games on the Uni- versity of Chicago foot ball schedule will be described on the air by WLS. The scries is to start September 29 with a double-header. ‘Two more stations have been added to the Columbia chain. WLBW, Oil City, will _take all of the programs, while WBBM, Chicago, will be in the hook- up on Tuesday and Thursday nights. Foot ball, play by play, is to be the subject of a series of chain broadcasts by N. B. C., starting October 13 and end- ing Thanksgiving, November 29. Two games are to be given each week end. Graham McNamee will describe one game and. Phillips Carlin the other. By the Associated Press. Whether the radio station owner who uses his microphone to sing the praises of merchandise he is selling serves the public interest still is a moot question with the Federal Radio Commission. The commission from time to time has received numerous complaints from listeners who disapprove of long talks extolling the virtues of a particular brand of overalls, seeds, household uten- sils and other wares for sale by the broadcaster. Some time ago the Iowa Press Asso- ciation petitioned the commission to prohibit direct selling over the radio. The newspaper men contended that the regulation limiting the number of sta- tions resulted in giving the merchant with a radio outfit an unfair advantage over his competitors. The view of the commission on this question is given in a report outlining its attitude on the principles of public service. “Where the station is-used for the tions. Listeners as well as affected broad- casters have expressed opposition to the order limiting the broadcasting of net- york programs. ‘osompe l?suners. members of the com- mission say, R?vm’enbly have the erro- neous impression that the regulation applies to all classes of stations. ‘The commission points out that the small- powered local and regional stations may transmit chain programs at all hours they are on the air. The order which rohibits simultaneous broadcasting of dentical programs for more than one hour between 7 p.m. and midnight ap- plies only to_stations operating on the 40 cleared channels. This will affect many stations now on the big networks. An exception to the ruling is made where the transmitters of these high- powered stations are separated more than 300 miles and where such stations are operating on the same frequency. Further concessions will be made by the commission in case of programs of ex- traordinary national interest or of such & nature that public interest would be served by duplication. The commission then will grant special permission for broadcasting of the same program. The commission explains that the ruling was made in the case of the cleared channels in accordance with the radio act, which authorizes regula- tion of chain broadcasting and to meet the demand of the listening public for a variety of programs. . PARIS POOR FOLK GATHER WEEKLY FOR ABLUTIONS Three-Cent Shaves and Five-Cent Haircuts Interesting Spectacle for Summer Tourists. PARIS (#).—Three- cent shaves and five-cent haircuts, in full view of the public, provide interesting sights for Summer tourists around the Cathedral ©of Notre Dame. 5 Down on_the quay, on the opposite =t4e of the River Seine, the poor of the quarter gather Monday forenoons for a general cleaning. Barber shops close + on Mondays, and so do the public mar- kets. where most of the men work, so the holiday is the time of the open air barber shop. Barbers, working at half price, come with scissors, razor and the shaving an which the customer holds under g!s chin. The men, while waiting their turn, if they have only one shirt, as is often the case, take it off and wash it in the river. The sun dries it for them, and after a hair cut and a shave they start another week “as good as new Riddle Ages 0ld Solved. To French archeologists has fallen DIRECT ADVERTISING BY RADIO PROBLEM BEFORE COMMISSION broadcasting of a considerable amount of what is called direct advertising, in- cluding the quoting of merchandise prices, the advertising is usually offen- sive to the public,” the commission says. “Advertising ‘should be only incidental to some real service rendered to the public and not the main object of a program. “The commission realizes that in some communities, particularly in Iowa, there seems to be a strong sentiment in favor of such advertising on the part of the listening public. At least the broad- casters in that State have succeeded in making an impressive showing before the commission when the matter has come up. The commission is willing to concede that in some localities the quoting of direct merchandise prices may serve as a sort of local market and a service may thus be rendered. That such is not the case generally. however, the commission knows from thousands of letters which it has had from all over the country complaining of such T y You will appreciate this new Great Eighty—8 tube, all electrie, sing| control radio. The cabinet beauty of this set is convincing at a glance, its tone quality is outstanding at a demonstration, and its periorm- ance is guaranteed, for the Freed- Eisemann laboratories have never parted from their quality standard. le The Great Eighty embodies all the experience gained in making fine « Radio since broadcasting began, aud al! the crowning achievements of modern radio engineering. t and Cabinet has the beautiful appear- ance of hammered silver. Specially designd output transformer assures perfect tone reproduction, 8 tubes guarantee power and volume, four variable condensers operated by a le tuning drum make for selec. and ease of operation. Walnut hand decorated and colored sets are also available, CARROLL ELECTRIC CO. ‘ Introducing MILDRED HUNT, Contralto, who croons her melodies. She wil] be heard during the “Roxy” broad- cast tomorrow night through WRC and associated stations. | PACIFIC COAST HITS DAVIS ACT RULES Western and Southern Units Protest “Equality” Rat- ing for Zones. “Amend the Davis amendment to the radio act and thereby make amends for the wasteful restrictions in the number of broadcasting stations forced upon the Pacific Coast and Southern radio zonesy” This is the howl now being| heard from broadcasters, listeners and | members of Congress from these areas. Since the promulgation a fortnight ago of the plan for reallocation of broadcasting facilities pursuant to the equalizing law the Federal Radio Com- mission has received scores of com- plaints against its close adherence to the Davis amendment provisions that | restrict the larger zones to the same number of station assignments as can be jammed into the smallest of the five zones. Much unfavorable sentiment has been aroused among the congressional delegations of the States involved, and there is every indication that a fight will be made at the forthcoming ses- sion of Congress to eliminate this| feature. Caldwell Criticizes. | Radio Commissioner Caldwell repeat- edly has criticized the amendment. In an ‘address today before the Roger Bab- | son conference of business executives, he characterized unsound, unscien- tific and wasteful.” It should be amend- ed at the coming session. of Congress, ' he_said. Discussing_radio from the economic standpoint, Commissioner Caldwell de- clared that the equalizing of wave lengths is fundamentally sound. But the provisions of the amendment to re- strict the use of these wave lengths by zones and States so that all are re- duced to a common level regardless of natural facilities, he said, work great injustice and hardship upon the geo- graphically large zones and are econom- ically unsound. 315 Towns Blocked. Commissioner Caldwell explained that the Southern zone is drastically limited in the number of small stations render- ing a local or community service as eaker illustr; Model 345 ulm:fll: orwalnut, $35.00. May be had in_colors at «alight additiona) cost. | static reproducer, is one of the addi- | compared with the great numoer it might operate with entire satisfaction and without interference because of the Davis amendment. He estimated that as a result of this provision 315 South- ern towns which might have broadcast- ing stations up to 100 watts without interference are “artificially” prevented | from obtaining licenses. This is be- cause the Southern zone can. have no more stations than can operate satis- | factorily in_the geographically small first zone, which is about one-ninth the area of the Southern zone. In the fifth zone, which includes the Pacific Coast and the Rocky Mountain territory, about two-fifths of the United | States, " the commissioner stated that | | both the larger and smaller stations will | have to divide time and double up on | wave lengths. Stations in_this zone | | heretofore have been using 66 different wave lengths and might continue to do | iso without any disturbance to the rest | | of the world, "he said. But under the radio act these stations will have to | rivide time on 37 wave lengths while | the adjoining wave lengths stand idle. 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