Evening Star Newspaper, June 20, 1926, Page 67

\ SCIENCE IS DEFEATING EVIL GENIUS OF CARBON Development of ‘New No-Knock Fuels Prevents Preignition and Overcompression. BY WILLIA Carbon knock, enemy of engine efficiency since the days of the “one-lunger” of automobiledom, at last is beginning to retreat before the heavy artillery of m of better engines and motor fuels, the “ping-ping” of this ancient foeman’s weapon grows weaker point to its complete silencing automotive engineer and the min Carbon knock no longer is t ply is the result of conditions that now are understood by increas- ing thousands of motorists. In winning recruits to this motorists, it is not amiss to poi great misconception concerning ordinary engine. The inexperier of black substance that so chokes an engine that valves and in} tons are thrown out of position. This 1s erroneous. An engine with the most efficient valves and pistons e a knock if too much carbon in the firing chamber. irbon in this part of an engine oc ibles space that should be filled with mpressed gas. In other words, higher compression is ereated Compression Causes Explosion. o-knock” fuel is designed to per- mit quiet and easy operation of an engine whose firing chambe been reduced in size through an cumulation of carbon tive, or “go off,” of their own a cord under compression, so it is read- ilv seen that if ordinary gas is com- 1 the point intended ine it is bound to offer what the engineers call “detonation,’ which is the technical term to de scribe the “ping” of a burning g in too rapid combustion. A better understanding of what happens in the cylinders of an engitte exists today and the introduction of many new kinds of fuels and fuel dopes is offering the motorist an ex- cellent opportunity to study the sub- Ject of carbon in its action. Many are discovering, for in- stance, why it is that the same en- zine operating with the same kind of cul will knock more at one time-than another. They have 'd the an- s to why ‘wer, ‘bet- ne ofte ock more than old one in n even With & prop park, and if seceleration ine may “pir steps ot much c. with all under similar Aids Running When the individu considered the answe engine may be new and t with the result tha pression is high even when cold carbon within its firing cha rafses compression to a point a lurge volume of gas, as in ersting, will break into deto Whether the engine is cold or hot In the other instance theve is con- lerable leakage of normal compres sion the engine with the result that the earbon serves the er hett by 1 the : ht-fitting, its normal com- The 1bers chere | ccel- 1 old ctu ne operate <tarting o a his older perha gine will begin to knock as the parts | 2 up and compression is held inst leakage. If the newer, bet- ier engine is properly adjusted it should not knock a great deal more after being in operation for a while, unless it begins to heat up on a hill. Then the carbon within its cylinders becomes incandescent, acting as spark plug to preignite the incoming rases bhefore they are fully com- pressed. This causes a back action | on the t 1 and the most familiar | on knock. however. ol inferior en- are find e offers nues ¢k line. provided w they uit of e If exhaust ith too little ta may not clos that compre: hill. will be have | Gases tend to | ation to engine | sing the compression | »ud notmal | M ULLMAN. odern science. With the coming' and weaker, and indications now as the next great victory of the eralogist. he mystery it once was. It sim- ever-growing army of educated | nt out that there still remains a | the development of carbon m the iwced pictures carbon as a deposit | | “Ping” is missing in many old en | gines because their pistons and rinzs leak badly and because there is suf- ficient ofl pumping to keep carbon deposit softer and therefore less | prone to preignite. “Rainy Day” Attachment, It is from such apparent inef- | ficiency, however, engineers have de- | | veloped'a type of accessory that will keep carbon from being such an an- noying tmitation of the spark plugs. | On the market there are several de- vices that permit the engine to suck | in an oil vapor. This is designed to give that “rainy day” action of the engine and keep carbon deposit | soft The best plan in fighting carbon is | to use a no-knock fuel and oper: with the carburetor as lean as pos- sible. If the ofl is watched carefully there should be no fear in using the | choke. It is better to use the choke | 10 times a day than to use it once | nd run on a rich mixture. Carbon | | Is the result of the carbonizing of | junburned and unexhausted hydro- | | carbons in petroleum fuel, plus dirt and the residue from burned engine | oil that pumps past the pistons. The | hydro-carbons that are mnot com- | bustible present the big nuisance, and | |dhis condition is greatly increased | | when the gas preignites. | { “If one uses an anti-knock fuel one { postpones the time when there will | be preignition through exces: e | compression or the incandescent con- | dition of the carbon deposits, and, in addition, continued use of an anti knock iuel serves to provide a gas | that will operate without detonati in cylinders that are choked with bon. The anti-knock fuels simply | change the rate of combustlon to meet the abnormal engine conditions. High-Test Not “No-Knock.” Motorists must learn to use Whe | right kind of fuel for their engines in their struggle to outdo carbon. | They must learn, for one thing, that | a quick starting, a dry or mileage gas is not nece: knock-killer. It will prevent the for- mation of excess carbon ni most en- | gines, but it will not stop a carbon knock nor remove carbon. A higher | test gas is not a “no-knock” g | In the main, the that is richer an in the other in- the best “no-knock.” | Fuel dopes of the better kind are safe enough to use. despite the ad- | vice of many repairers, who warn mo- | ts against knock killers, but fuel | dopes should he used regularly and started right after the engine is new or following a thorough cleaning. This is because they usually have a scouring action, and loosened parti- cles of carbon are risky when they get caught under the valve head: Tt is better to buy fuel dopes ol- ready mixed with gasoline. The next best thing to do is to pour the dope into the tank before adding the | gasoline. The force of the gasoline | rom the pump serves to mix it thor- oughly with the dope. 3 The trend is all in favor of the new development in motor fuels and wise | motorists are keeping up with the | { subject. They know that carbon starts with fuel and it must end there too. a gredients makes (Copyright, 19 Motor Bus Increasing in Usefulness In Remote Parts of World, Survey Shows Use of the motor bus in the remote ms of the world for both pas. r and freight service is inc constantly, according to the notive division of the United States Department of Commerce. In a trade report just compiled, this fact is strik- ingly shown. The motor bus, the report discloses, is now carr passengers over the Arablan Desert, traversing the old biblical route from Jerusalem to Tericho and running up to the Temple of Heaven, in the sacred city of Pe- king. Names that are famillar in song and story appear in this report— Rangoon and Mandalay—Cairo - and \lexandria — Casablanca. Al these have their quota of motor busses. Ac- cording to the report there is a bus line which conducts a regular service across the Gobi Desert, in Northern China, connecting Kalgan with Urga nd covering a distance of more than 00 miles. Even on the Sahara Desert the modern motor bus is gradually usurping the place of the picturesque and cumbersome camel. In the Phil ippines the motor bus has proved one of the outstanding agencies for civiliz ing the natives of the remote villages, enabling them for the first time to have adequate means of communica- tion with thelr neighbors. According to the report there are today operating in Asia, Afri Oceania about 17,000 busses. Rritish Malaya and French Morocco head the list of individual countries, with 2,000 busses each; India and have each a little less than t ber. while the Philippines and Japan have 1,700 and 1,600, respectively. With few excaptions the bodies of REPAIRING ALL MAKES HUDSON and GARDNER SERVICE A SPECIALTY T. J. CAMFIELD Rear 1118 13th St. N.W. Main 5917 Tires and Accessories | all these busses are built locally, only | | the chassis being imported. Most of | the busses are of the smaller types, carrying from 10 to passengers. | The standard truck cha the one usually employed in building these busses and few bus chassis have been | imported. It is estimated that ap- | proximately three-quarters of all the | busses in operation in the Orfent and Africa have American-built chasis. FINDING OIL HOLES. Some Car Owners Puzzled as to Where to Apply Lubricant. If there is no oil hole in the cover of the horn motor, the car owner sometimes is puzzled as to just where te put a few drops of oil when he un- covers the motor and wants to give it such attention. By not knowing where o oll the bearings many own- ers have oiled the commutator and found themselves in trouble. Obviously the bearings of an_electric motor must be at the ends. In some | horns there is a small felt washer at | each, end of the horn shaft. These| should be oiled. They hold the oil and | feed it as needed. BONITE “You will prefer EBONITE because it's really different.” Why? Because “It’s shredded oil.” The world’s finest gear lubricant. At_dealers’ in five-pound cans, and _serviee stations from the Checkerboard pump only. | be in effect all | i | oiled | outside of the c | nearer " THE SUNi JAY “STAR. WASHINGTON, D. €. JUNE 20, PART 1926- MOTORIST GIVEN ADVICE ' ON STOPPING CAR NOISES Squeaks and Rattles Readily Located by Simple Tests—Remedies Are Described. | [ | | BY FREDERICK C. | Why are <o many cars sufferit | RUSSELL. rom squeaks and rattles? Study of the business of keeping cars quiet seems to indicate that the motorist’s methads of ric the ear of unwelcome noise- are sadly in need of crutches. It appears that there are too many squeaks and rattles in car care methods Squeaks and rattles tell only part of the car develops other than those resulti defects can be extended to incluc crunching sounds and A true thing to find 1se 1t move i thr ener | and from <ide to sid | car while it is standing still, and 1 [lend an ear the trouble is easily | remedied, but that is another stor Where iction, i the probler more ditfic is is the fact that such noi | the car through the convey it I mechanical SO on a simple caus 1 ways Al bec: is Gose. Ca 1p and dow three motions ome one else t so easily a moment. eals the shal owl is located not te throu tal p whi onc particu of th+ Floorhos a complicated by | perples ravel \m It fairly good round an 1rds s rather Often the removing them in Sometimes between creak where ied ther i ha han to their g hle can be re: htly remov will sometinme is a rule to look fa is find rving 1o rey nt pe of stop ssis or body noi soards ann & the been | noises. In Board welled es is | found Dianr not demonstrates the d art est noise. | e the lou per- | aced ind oved drive he Jiexing pon the continual it may Great fran shield ) ion type there | the car in a 1 sidewise movement | it dry in t ee 1o move a lit- | swollen joints ut with the halves \\w\ — s racer batns B 4-19-20 s I ather VIRGINIA ROAD MAP HELPS MOTORISTS | Detours Are Shown as Well as Sections Being Oiled Throughout State. Information of value to Washington motorists is contained in a road map just issued by the Virginta Highway Commission indicating where detours may be expected in the State and showing where oiling is under way at present The detour, it also is indicated, will Summer. According to the map, there is now detour from a point a few miles out side of Fairfax to Buckland, a distance of about 21 miles. .Another detour between Luray New Market and is perhaps 10 miles in length. On the road tc Richmond from there is a detour, or rather two of them, one about 28 and the other about 38 miles in length. The 38-mile detour starts below Fredericksburg and ends a few miles beyond Hanover, while the other detour is by the way of Spotsylvania and Coatsville. Detour From Petersburg. A 15-mile detour is found from Fe. tersburg to Carson, while in this same region another short detour is countered between Lambs and Temple- ton. -In the west central portion of the State there is a detour on the road from Lynchburg to Appomattox by way of Rustburg. a portion of the main direct highway being under r pair. This detour is about 10 long. On the road from Redford to Lynchburg a 12 or 15 mile detour encountered. In the western part of there is a detour of about »m a point outside the town of Grows to a polnt bevord it, while a detour of similar length stretches out from the town of Chr iansburg About 15 miles of road is now being between Powhatan and Rich mond, and nearer the former place A stretch of about the same length being oiled on the road from Rich- mond to Amella, starting a few miles pital of Virginta. Oil ing machines are at work on a 10-mile piece out of Goochland, a town about 36 miles from Richmond. Oiling Various Roads. A short stretch a few miles long outside the town of Surry and to the south of that place—located in the southeastern portion of the now being oiled, while a similar proc- ess is under way on a I5-mile length between Smithfield and Suffolk, and the former community. An other 15, or more, mile stretch is being oiled on the main road out of Suffolk golng south, beginning about 5 miles out of the city. ‘Work will soon begin on a 30-mile plece of road between Strasburg and New Market, while the same holds true for a _shorter stretch between Louisa and Negro Foot, starting 10 or 15 miles outside of the former town. Virginia 15 miles The population England, contains many women as men. NE of Nottingham, four times as Motorists to the Seashore AVOID DELAYS—save 60 miles and several hours. Avoid traffic in large cities. Cross {l new Ferries at upper end of New Castle, Del. big capacity boats. Frequent Extra Service Week-ends and Holidays WILSON LINE’S NEW FERR THE UPPER FERRY IN NEW CASTLE The Shortest Route to South Jersen Summer Resorts en- | miles | is | State—is | CASTLE,DEL. JERSEY On Famous Califor With the completion of a bridge over the Klamath River fornia’s only ‘“orphan” county been mothered by the State. Del Norte, most northern of the 59 counties of ‘the State, virtually was isolated by the ever-surging Klamath | River. The giant redwoods, majestic | ring fishing streams | were accessible to motorists only by | | ferry until the bridge was completed. | Owing to the Klamath River at a high altitude 1n the | lountains, it flows almost its entire gth through deep, rugged canyons | and virgin forests of giant trees. It bridged in but few places, these | bridges, for the most part, being of the suspension type, and the usual method of crossing was by means of | antiquated ferries, operating only in | fair weather. | In honor of Dr. C. H. Douglas, who huge | ¢ Cali has % Klamath River Bridge Closes Last Gap nia Redwood Roac life to it has Memorial his o devoted the last years of promoting the construct been named the Doug ridge. The bridge is 1,147 feet sisting of 5 main arch span feet long. with 21 feet of way between curbs, 51 feet aho water surface. Two years were re quired to construct this connecting link between California’s orpha county and the remainder of th State. The bridge is of speclal interest to motor tourists, since it closes the last bad gap in the famous Redwood high way, which is the main thoroughfare traversing the last remaining giant redwoods in the world For more than 100 miles the highway pene trates groves of these leviathans of the forest, the oldest living things on earth long, con 21 'MARYLAND PREPARED ANNOUNCE DETOURS ; Washington | Heavy Traffic—Oiling Part of l Upkeep Program. { | _ | Maryland, prepared to grest thou: | sands of tourlsts this season with well | conditioned roads, has completed ofl- ing work on several much-traveled stretches. Outfit No. 1 has finished | the Solomons: Tsland road in Anne Arundel and Calvert Countes from | Mount Zion to Owings Station and is at present oiling from Owings Station to the Chesapeake Beach road. After completing this it will continue to be- | w the Lower Marlboro d. The | Chesapeake Beach road has had the | tirst application. | Another unit, working in Carroll | | County, has finished the Emmitsburg | pike from Westminster to Fountain | | Valley. Union and Liberty streets in | Westminster, Westminster to Gamber and two sections between ew Wind- <or and Uniontown. This completgs s schedule. A stretch Plains, in C from La Plata to White | arles County, has been | completed by still another outfit, and this unit—No. 5—is at present ofling La Plata street in that town. Considerable work has been done in Baltimore County, including the fol- lowing: York road from the Piney Hill road to Parkton, Séminary avenue be- | | tween York and Falls roads and three | sections between the Baltimore Ci line and Shawan. The outfit doing this work is at present ofling the guam stead road, in Baltimore County | following the completion of which it will oil through Montrose, Gwynn Oalk avenue, Old Hartford road from the | Baltimore City line to Cub Hill and the Bay Shore road from Sparrows Point road to Bay Shore. Curbs Used as Br;i{es. f It your brakes fail when driving | in the city, one way to stop that car | is to scrape the tires against the curb. | Drivers of heavily loaded horse drawn | vehicles have long used this method | of retarding thelr conveyances. when descending hills FERRY he Delaware River on the big, Four modern, service, no waiting. NEW CASTLE, DEL. PENNSVILLE, N. J. | much frequented by Washir | travel Roads Conditioned for Expected | State Road Commissioners Specify | Routes for Guidance of Wash- ington Motorists. Announcement of a number of de tours in that portion of the State gton mo. torists 18 made by the Maryland State Roads Commission ‘There are three Montgomery County. One from Damascus Browningsville is 6.4 miles in length and, according to official report, in fair condit mmission’s directions relative to this road are that from Damascus the motorist south of Ridge road to New Cut road, turning right to Kings Valley and then right again, going north to Hil ton Farm. Purdu then reached miles later Browningsville. a1d to Gaithersburg-Rockville travel, the commission advises th; due to congestion caused by the pr ent construction through Gaithe: burg, rederick-Washington tr: via Buckeystown. Dicker: Beallsville and Darnestown. Another detour announced tonsville-Woodfleld. ~ This 4 miles in length. Throu from Damascus to Layton o_via TOURING Haveyou changed your plugs within the last year? If not, your content- ment and satisfaction on tour will be insured if you install a full set of dependable Champion Spark Plugs before you start. o i AP in is Lay- is ther the Fordempacked P T5¢ Bach CHAMPION Dependable for Every Engine Toledo, Ohio to | TESTS SHOW COST * OF STOPPING A many miles vic That | Boulevard Plan Seen as Big | why “"f‘ n]\\,'nrz' is pe z"]' ed whe Expiense’ andi€onges« | o gppears. He tion Factor. ie rubbing of glass a the divid s rubber strip will set up a noise of its own. The remedy for such nois is simple enough Not so simpl no which originate at shield anchors, the points where me is fastened to the body of | car rese ancho wide: different makes 1 the give trouble he car deve cing t a nut on the it nz a sliver of en a body sill and a cross the frame the trouble can the | ¢ wind- | wood its | men Wooden however, are the ety bodies held together by The effec 1 pensat - weather in K This s and Doors come next rely body noises r on the doo; n somet conside is due to ng | also | The cost of frequent stopping of | cars, seldom thought | iten motoring. to figures by the eng ering depart ment of the Automobile Club of South ern California in with a study of the houlev A series of tests r engineers Indicated that motor vehicles of Los Angeles Coun ty make _approximately 11600 000 stops daily It was estimated fur- ther that th tops cause 43,240 ga ns of gasoline to be consumed daily hat otherwise would not be used. The cost of this quantity of $8,143, while the amount 1 does not 1ccount wear tear on brake linings and tires the ' the rubbi urfaces. 1 by stepping cars. gned to facilitate motoring, the | levard stop was initiated by the | itomobile club for use at heavily traversed intersections to avold acci- Proper “Toe-In” and “Pitch” of Wheels | dents, congestion and delox. The vian | Prevents Needless Big Wear on Tires | problems now fear that boulevard | are being placed effect where | ficiently heavy to | coming to a fu think to crawl down on the the ¢ th th used 1 the t when it closes. > be bought for the car and should b nstalled from time to time. Their life can be greatly prolonged, however, by smearing on a little vaseline occasion ally, bei AT to put on sc much as to soil ing of passer s who may brush nst the door jamb in gettin w out. Rubber bumpers can be made to hold the tighter by wedging tin pieces of m underneath them, thus forcing th out a bit and producing the effect a new and larger bu Window s in_the rattle annoyingly. This ¢ ped by tightening the h putting some pack of as a tangible | has been reduced |t When a car is ne he treated to ne oil so they « nd resist effc If it is suspected ates in or around can he olled hy 1shions, which a Bodies of door i I = t become rusty tighten them at noise origin these bholts they removing the seat exposes their connection rd stop system de by the club’s the 580,000 even steel This bodies, are lined ‘squeak insulator 1l be able originate n be stop- | by 1 a little . or by | wai til it works down between liminate an oors often in such and | cause; Dy | be checking of toein and pitch. and mo ich season, rub Do vour automobile tires “toe in"?‘ Many motorists are puzzied when |these should he checked by et hev hear this question. which is be- | torist at least once o the wholesale | coming increasingly common since the | ber experts application ¢ stem poini out |advent of the balloon tires When the will defeat the original purpose, ''€ans the difference in will tend to in fHe ments between the front s . wel | edzes of the front wheel o s T Tuals | OF “camber” is the di ind further exp ion | the distance o cars, | whe and While the promiscuous use of houle- | bottoms. The prope: vard stops is questioned v traffic ex- | Pitch of the wheels usy spec perts, the club is 1 motorists to | fied by the manufacturers of ali mo. »hserve reasonable precautions at all | tor ¢ and th ive vital bear- Intersections to avoid the necessity |ing on the prope ing of tires. of making a complete stop at all ¢ Wheels on which = ners. It is hoped in this way to pre- |sively have the effect of rubbing the | | vent the increase in gasoline con-|tire tread against tbe road. reducing | | sumption, which is found to result |its life by hundreds of miles. from frequently bringing a car to a| Special devices which are carried | halt. by tire dealers greatly facilitate the | warrant. motorists stop. Those who questior lare. toe-in does agree urers’ recomme: easily adjusted by ad rod distance to motordom. easure. nd_rear | “Pitch” | 1 ce between tops of the the nd Iy . but o nent rod pi exper con . to Indiv ¢ > in the ope ten sult in conditions w and more satisfactory tire w In e of d’ tread front tires alignment s be checked, as no other across these e-ir are i on OUGH-RIDING is the average motorist’s specialty. Hisone- ‘way shock absorbers may check the rebound but then let him fall with a spine-wrenching thud — thousands of times every mile. h And yet, he swears he has an easy-riding car and it prob- ably does ride as easily as most. That's why so many people don't believe there can be a device that drowns road shocks so completely that concrete boulevard and bumpy roads can hardly be told apart. Yet, HOO-DYE Hydraulics, which give this amazing comfort to such superb cars as Lincoln, Pierce-Arrow, Stearns-Knight, Cunningham and McFarlan and to twenty of the finest foreign cars, are now bringing it to all makes of cars, including the Ford, at prices within the means of every motorist. There isn't another shock-absorber like the HOO-DYE. First used to absorb the enormous recoil of the 75 Millimeter gun, firing 36 shots a minute. Controls spring-action in both directions, up and down. Liquid cushions smooth the sharp throw of the spring to a long, gentle, gliding The Houde Engineering Corporation, Buffalo, N. Y. I have used Gabriel Snubbers several years and can recommend them. “I find they greatly im- prove the riding qualities of our car and holes in the frames of Chevrolet cars accommodate their instal- lation.” BENJ. OURISMAN President Ourisman Chevrolet Sales Co. 610 H St. N.E. motion—HOO-DYES add dollars to the riding comfort of your car. Any one of our Service Stations will install a set on your car for 30 days’ erial. If you are not satisfied with HOO-DYE comfort after this trial, your money will be cheerfully refunded. Distributors of Chevrolet Cars The Clark Houdaille Co. | 1625 You Street Northwest Phone Potomae 214 The %{ld;Famom HOUDAILLE Gabriel Snubber Sales and Service Co., Inc. L. S. JULLIEN, President 1443-1445 P St. N.W.