Evening Star Newspaper, April 6, 1924, Page 43

EDITORIAL PAGE | 'EDITORIAL SECTION 5 i s NATIONAL PROBLEMS SPECIAL ARTICLES Part 2—16 Pages BRITISH DEBT TO U. S. AND SHIPS UNRELATED Competition of American Marine Cannot Be Held Responsible for English Inability to Pay. BY GOULD LINCOL S Congress is again about to appropriate for the upkeep and operation of the govern- ment-owned American mef- chant fleet, the cry goes up In British, and in some American quarters, that it Umreasonable to expect that Britain will be able t6 purchase our €0ods or to pay the debt to the United States incurred durifg the world war unless the British ships may have the carrying between the United States, British and many other for- eign ports. Is the payment of the British debt o the United States more to be de- wired than the maintenance of American overseas merchant marine? The proponents of the merchant marine say no. But, they point out also; vayment of the British is by no means foreclosed by the continued mainte- nance of an Americau merchant ma- rine. In fact, as a matter of prin- ciple, there is really no connection be- tween the payment of the British debt and the desires of the United States to have an adequate merchant marine. The United States has a per- fect right to a merchant marine, and, at the same time, to cxpect payment of the British debt. Whether the British will be able to pay the war debt to this country as roadgy while the United States con- tinues to operate an overseas mer- nt fleet as it would if the Ameri- can fleet were taken off the seas and the British allowed to all the commerce, or a great share of it, which is now carried in American bottoms, is another question Amounts Carried by Ships. is trade that the carry It appears that of a total water- borne trade amounting to $6.554,000. 000, the American ships are carrying 318,000,000, Eritish ships are carry- ing $2,411.000.000, and ships of other uations, $1,956,000.000. Freight rates, it is estimated, average about 7% per cent of the goods transported. There- fore. should the entire water-borne trade now carried in American ships be suddenly transferred to ships of the British flag from freight rates shipping would $173.850.000. to the be ‘an . additional | !ican goods, and so far as services are 1 |rine may I heav slate and lend the British money at a low rate to purchase American goods, it is contended. ° But an. unfavorable trade balance between nations always tends to bal- ance itself, and It is to be expected that this will happen between the United States and'Great Britain. In the United States there is toda a superabundance of gold, and the pos- | fon of large quantities of gold brings about an increase in prices. The country that lacks gold has lower pricés. If there were free trade be- tween the United States and Great Britain today Britain would furnish goods and services to the United States. where the higher prices main- tain, until the trade balance was mare equal. But the United States has sought to offset this economic law by tariffs for Amer- providing protective concerned, by operating the Ameriean mereliant marine ai government ex-i pense. Although the the government owned merchant ma- retard the readjustment. of the trade balance between the Lwo | countries, it is not believed that they | can entirely halt such readjustments. When United States Takex Lo~aes. “As an illustration that this is mm»‘ | pening, it will be found that the Shipping. Board suffering greater losses in all trades w! it meets | heavy British competition, Tne rout to the United Kingdom, Africa, Australia and India, for exampl which were formerly almost entirely ! British monopolies. are among the | est losing routes today. Booause | of the United States Trea: back | of the: government owned fiest, the | protective tariff and | ere ry | loss, the gross revenue |of the American ships. which British { be bo [, The s fleet can continue to be operated at a | but these losses probably will continue very heavy as long as the trade balance between the two coun- tries continues to be what it is. The greater number of American ships put into the carrying trade the lower the freight rates will be fore- ed. Naturally this will be hard on| British shipping, and also it will| make the deficit due to the operation | must ne by the Eovernment, hizher. pping Board and Emergenc: Fleet Corporation efficials are engaged be The British debt has been funded |in a study of just what American ton- on a basis which provides payment of approximately terest and amortisatlén. for the | nage $180,000,- | routes 000 & year to this country to coverin- | efficient is needed in the various trade, and what lnnllegfi is the most To flopd all,the routes with How much ! American tonnage and reduce the freight of the money %hich the British ship- | rates practically io nothing might well Ping interests would receive through an access of their! earrying trade | rying tradc bring a much larger s to American vessels. should American vessels suddenly be'(he other hand, it would result in forc- wiped off the sea its way into the British payments to would, in turn. find [ing the deficit to be met because of | the operation of these vessels to a| America in connegtion with the War | point where Congress might throw up debt is somewhat problematical. Cer- tainly not all of it, and probably a comparatively small percentage The British, it seems, are some- what hampered in the payment of their debt through the maintenan of the American merchant marine which means a loss of carrying trade to British shipping. But, on the other hand, they are not prevented from paying the debt As a matter of faét tiie British are hampered for more by the tariff wall | which has been raised by the Ameri- can government to protect American industries, when it comes to paying their debt and bringing about a bet- ter trade balance between the two nations. But therc seems little like- lihood that the tariff wall will be done ¥ with 50 as to permit the British to pay their war debt at the expense of American industries. Method of Payments. The British debt can only be paid in )14, goods or services. The British n only pay for American goods in gold, goods or services. Rather than sacrifice the American merchant ma- rine or American industries, it would be better to wipe the debt off the Awesome U. S. Desert Areas Paradoxical in Their Char OLITARY: and silent, a land of bright sunshine, of pure brac- ing air, wholesome and con- genial by day and awe-inspir- ing by night, the desert of the south- west yet bears within its charm a terror and mockery that becomes a stern, reality to the traveler lost with- in its wide expanses or the wanderer depending upon water who comés to a dry water hole. When all goes well the desert seems so wholesome and congenial a place that the visitor almost laughs 2t his preconceived fears, says the geological survey. But if at the end of a long day he and his tired, thirsty team of horses come to an isolated watering place that has gone dry or i+ Tis automebile breaks down miles irom the nearest water or human aid, or, worse still, if he losés his bear- ings, the delightful panorama that had impressed him so much becomes strange and bewildering. spiring scenery and cheery sunshine become a monstrous mockery. Then be realizes why the sandy stretches of the southwest became names of tarror to the overland travelers of the middle fifties. Weatures that impress ‘the tender- foot. become commonplaces to the man who bas lived long in the desert region, and fear ot the desert appears ansurd; yet the experienced desert man always takes precautions that would not occur o the inexperienced, and If the tenderfoot intends to make A trip into the desert without ad- equate information and equipment the old-timer will be quick to warn him of its dangers. The Gesert dreas—of--the - United The in-{ | w jroutes so low that they will { merchant floet its hands and determine to abandon th merchant fleet entirely. I Keep Rates Low. sh debt to this countr will really the cfect tablished British arry most of the trade on these routes regardless of anything that the government of the United States can do in reason to pre- vent it 3 This reasoning, lead to a conclusion that th should be abandoned, though it does give hope to the British | that eventually they must win through to better conditions. There is a piace | on the ceas for American vessels, and | they are needed both as an aid to our | commerce 4nd as an arm of the na-| tional defense. ¥rom the latter stand- | point it may be suggested ‘that it costs this country far more to maiatain | its Army ner man than it does France, | Great Britain, Japan and other foreign ! nations, and that it costs far more to maintain its navy per unit than it does | those nations, but the abandonment of | the Army and Navy because of that| The Brit is argued, of keeping rates on ¢ have does mot American however, | fact has not vet been suggested. rnt States aro included in a -great’ tri-| angle, whose base, 500 milps long, rests upon the Mexican border in Cal: ifornia, Arizona and New Mexico and Texas, whose apex s in north central Orego For many years the geological sur-| vey has been carrying on mvemm.} tions of the water resources.of this | arid part of the United Statés ~Most | of the water in this, as in other'dry | regions, lies below the surface. A | reconnaisance survey of this charac- ter Fas been made in the Salton sea | region, covering about 10,000 square ! miles in soutNern ‘California. .The Salton sea region, more than asy| other area in ‘the United States, has | the features of a genuine desert— a hot climate, great tracts of drift- ing sand, palm tree gases—all typical of the descrts of the old world. | This great area lies far below sea | level in a ciosed desert basiy that was at’ oric_time, s northward con- tinuation of the Gulf of California. In this region alio is the famous Imperial valley, one of the largest irrigation .districts of the country. Here man has made one of his most impressive encroachments upon the descrt. The valicy is bordered on the east by the Colorado riyer, Which: fur- nishes water in abundance to the Im- perial valley, but which in 1905 broke through its barriers and for a time poured- its great flood int6 the Salton basin with disastrous restits. Construction of various projects | comite des forges, | nitions and ordnance since the days | torpedo works at Havre, a cartridge | he Sunday Staf WASHINGTON, D. C, SUNDAY MORNING, APRIL 6, 1924, Three Acute French Crises Prevail; . Peace in Peace Insistent Demand BY FRANK H..SIMONDS. ARIS.—Never in tho various times I have come to Paris. during and since the war has the political situation seemed more obscure agd less easy to grasp. Actually, France i8°ig*the presence of thres agute criscs, any one 6f which would of ftself bé sufficient to concentrate national Interest and effort. Theso three crises are, quite ob- viously, that of the exchange, which is-finan- cial; that of domestic. politics, which ls due to. the approach of ‘a general election, and, finally, that of international affairs, which must come even more strongly into theglight with the Dawes commission reports. In some way the exchange difficulties are the most serious for people in their direct consequences. «The tremendous fluctuations of the franc in the first and second weeks of March brought a sense of insecurity and of apprehension which recalled some of the worst aays of the Literally, no one knew where he stood, whether it was the smallest purchaser of the necessary food supplies or the largest exporter or importer. Moreover, bad as was the fall of the franc, it was, in a sense, less serious than the remarkable and falls which kept everything in un- There was nothing which oné could quite call a panic, but there were many evidences, many signs that go with actual panics. Thus, all of a sudden, the dealers in preecious stones found a business hitherto undreamed of. People of every sort began suddenly to invest all that they could collect In diamonds and pearls. This, of course, is a wholly famillar phenomenon, which was noted both in Russia and in Germany when the crashes in cur- rency came. Blow at France Seen. The mass of the Frenchmen believed that the whole exchange episode was no more and no less than a carefully and deliberately or- ganfzed plan of the Germans to. weaken France economically in the presence of the approaching election and thus insure the de- feat of M. Poincare. Of course, this theory found, far less support in informed circles, al- though there was common agreement that much of the speculation was traceable to Holland, Germany and Switzerland, with the suspicion that much charged to the smaller nations was really German in disguise. Taught by the press and the leaders that the whole exchange matter was in reality a new attack upon France—a new Verdun, as the press daily announced—the mass of .the French people stood firm. There was little to popular citemen although at two all the luncheons, dinners. and’reunioms of men and women in public life the debate was always animated and keen. Once more there was thus disélosed the marvelously.patient strength of the bulk of the people of ‘this country, their capacity to endure, and to en- dure"Without 'complaint. / The old. inevitable weakening of the liberal classes is taking place. The teachers, the pro- fessors, the so-called Intellectuals of all sorts, every one who lives on a fixed salary, and the people who had Before the war lived respec- tably and éven with a degree of dignity upon small incomes from investments, are actually brought to the edge of starvation. This is what happened in Germany, in Russia and mude and continues to make comment in the world, but it also is happening in France and seems to make little comment. Vast sums are being made by speculators, by profiteers; the fall of the franc is bringing hordes of foreigners, including an incredible number of Americans. Daris, the hotels, the shops, the strects are thronged, animated The restaurants give the impression of great prosperity, although fewer and fewer French- men can afford to eat in them. But under the surface of & boom which seems a little fever- {sh there is a growing sense of uneasiness, of malaise: people are suffering in larger num- bLers and growing more and more anxious. Confidence Shaken. So much for the exchange crisig, to be charged, after all, not to any foreign manipu- lation mainly, but rather to the fact that as a result of treasury difficulties and domestic political combats a considerable element in the French population suddenly was seized with a fear that French money might go like German and rushed to in - forelgn moneys or solid wealth. Confidence was shaken, and with the loss of confidence the flight from, the franc began. Yet you must see that there was, at the moment, little real resemblance between the French situation, on the one hand, and that of Germany and Russia, on the other. France wils not ¢ngaged in a huge inflation operation. On the contrary, it had printed next to no money in a long period of time. The devel- opment ot i export trade had been phenom- nal in the last year, and, while there was still @ slight cxcess of imports, It was far more than counterbalanced by the relatively huge sums spent by tourists in France. Only the French budget remained unbalanced, but cven here, in the very first days of the ex- change trouble, the French government had dertaken drastic measures to bring in new: evenue and finally arrive at an equilibrium between expenditure and revenue. There was, then, no single outstanding fact which could explain the whole exchange sit- uation; that is, no economic or financial fact. French production, exports were above the pre-war figures. Unemployment did not exist. Hundreds of millions of dollars were flowing in annually as a result of the tourist trade; there had been a very good crop in the pre- ceding autumn. And yet of a sudden there arrived a. situation which lacked little—just a little—ot developing inté a panic. Political Sitmation. Now, If one undertakes to explain this— that is, save in térms of an economic expert— it seems to me one must analyze the facts, which also explain the second of the crises which I have noted, namely, the political. In May a new chamber of deputies will elect- €4 and this election will decide not alone the name of the next cabinet, but the character of the next chamber, Will it be conservative or radical, nationalist or pacifist? ©adly cnough, you have the odd and to the foreigner confusing fact that it is not Foifi- care’s forelgn policy which has brought him to the edge of defeat; nothing of the sort. The reason he has just managed to survive up to the moment I am writing lies in the fact that, on the whole, the country is not, ready to risk the effect upon foreign rela- tions of getting rid of a man whose domestic politics and methods are desperately unpop- ular and would, in any ordinary state of af- fairs, insure his overthrow instantly. Poincare’s forelgn policy, then, still holds the support of the French people, but, again, there is a point of confusion in this. That policy which the French people ascribe to Poincare is not at all the policy which is charged to him, either in London or in Wash- ington, at least among unfriendly critics. If the mass of Frenchmen still indorse the oc- cupation of the Ruhr, it is not—perhaps it never was—with any idea of permanent oceu- pation, much less of wrecking Germany. If Poincare cannot ultimately sell the oc- cupation of tae Rubr—that is, if he cannot finally demonstrate that the occupation was a necessary step in the long series to bring jermany to terms—his foreign policy will be rejected, for nothing seems to me more cer- tain today than that in their present temper there is nothing in the smallest degree mili- taristic or imperialistic about the French people. Frenchmen still believe that if the Ruhr had not been occupied Germany would have paid nothing, but they look upon that occupation as a seizure of goods, to be re- leased when payment is made. (Continued on Third Pags Meddlesome Governments Are Blamed For Chaotic Situation in the Ruhr BY DREW PFEARSON. RENCH and German steel man- ufacturers could establish a ! mutually profitable combine which would bring peace to the Rubr were it not for the meddle- some interference of governments. This was the verdict given me by Fugene Schneider, France's steel king, who controls French industry us Stinnes does German. Schneider was until recently chairman of the or committee of steel manufacturers His main plant| at Le Creusot is the oldest in France and has supplied her armies with mu- of Napoleon. Morcover, the war left | him with shipyards at Cherbourg, factory at Bordeaux, -an electrical | machinery plant ‘at Champagne-sur- | Seine. At one time a total of 182 plants were found to'be under his control. Within a week after the armistice these factories were being converted to a peace-time basis, and the plant which had been turning out the fa- mous French seventy-fives was mak- ing one locomotive per day. But post-war prosperity promised even greater possibilities, and Schnei- der pushed on to' central Kurope, where he engaged in a titanic con- test with Hugo Stinnes for no less a prize than the industrial control of the continent. Duel with Stinnes. Schneider bought the controt of one of the greatest steel corporations in Upper Silesia, and Stinnes practically annexed its rival. The same thing happened in Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, Rumania, Jugoslavia, Po- land and even in Turkey. As fast as the French magnate obtained control of some big industrial plant his Ger- man competitor snapped up another. !Probably only the two men themselves know the real extent of their hold- ings, but it can hardly be an exag- geration to say that they represent a total of industrial equipment such as never before has been controlled by two individuals. The occupation of the Ruhr dealt al smashing blow to German industry, | and started a widely circulated story that Schneider had backed the occu- pation as a desperate means of crush- ing his German opponent.” In the in- ner circles of big European business this s not credited. It is pointed out that Schrielder -rosigned-as chairman of the comite des forges as soon as the French troops began ‘to march, and it is ‘declared that at that time Stinnes and Schnelder had practically reached an agreement to suspend hos- tilitles and effect a combination. Now, keeping this in mind, come back to M. Eugene Schneider's spa- cious Paris office, where before an open fire he answered my queéstion, “Could not French and German steel men get together without govefn- ment interference and settle the trou- ble'in the Ruhr?’ German Pact Possible. “Yes,” was his frank reply, “I think ‘they could have dome and still may ‘be able:to do so. I have said that one suredly opergtion. agreement. in_ stabilizing Europe. intimates that these rumors are not without foundation. obtain interfiational co- - LI EUGENE SCHNEIDER. Eugene Schueider, the steel king of ¥rance, is one of the half - dozen uncrowned monarchs who are today masters of industrial Europe. Since the close of the war Schneider has been engaged in a titanic struggle with his German rival, Hugo Stinnes, for control of the vast steel and coal resources of eastern Europe. The extent ! of the combined holdings of these two men is knows only to them- selves, but it is commonly believed that they dwarf the possessions of even the greatest of American business magnates. It has been rumored for some time that secret negotiations were under way between the big French and. German industrialists. - looking toward an agreement which would have-a profound effect interview M. Schneider In the present “Can France and Germany ever live | the 1arge industrial associations. L.1gain S0 easily. In the old days when a bemb hit in one spot and killed Today, when airplanes can carry gas bombs over Paris in a few hours, war is another matter. It is absolutely | necessary that we be prepared. In | my opinion our forces are mot as strong as they should be. T. S. Cannot Understand. | *“You cannot understand that state- | ment,” perhaps, because you do hot | understand our point of view. T did not understand yours until I went to the United States. I heard you say, ! “We live peaceably with Canada along | a border 3,000 miles in length. Why & cannot you do the same? I began to see this point of view, and it has helped me in my work since T re- turned. It is a point of view as for- cign to us as ours is to you. | “There is a great deal in this mat- | | ter of the point of view,” M. Schnei- | der continued thoughtfully. “I got an | example of it the other day from my | boy who is in school in England. A | French boy, if punished by a whip- | ping, would consider it such a dis- | ETace that he would lcave School. ! But according to the English cods of" | honor, the boy who has done wrong | must and should submit to a cane, ' and recently when it was put to a; vote the' English boys decided to re- tain the cane as their form of pun- | ishment. There vou see the English | and French boys each have a different ' code, but each is correct, from his own point of view. “So it is natural that such a distant country as the United States cannot understand our point of view, and we cannot understand yours. In such cases it seems to me necessary that we should trust each other. These are times when mutual trust is most uecessary.” Marshaling Public Opinion For Tax. Relief Legislation' HIS is National Tax Reduction week. Its purpose the marshal- ing of public opinion through- out the United States in demanding tax relief legislation at Washington. Under the plan of the Citizens’ Na- tional -Committee in Support of the Mellon Tax Reduction Proposal, in co- operation with civic and industrial organizations in every state, hundreds of meetings for the discussion of the 2 tax situation will be held and thou- -| sands’ upon thousands of messages sent to-Congress.. Maj. Gen. John F. O'Ryan, chairman of the citizens’ committee, is in charge of the activities, aided by pro- fessional and business men and by “Every citizen should participate in only a few people, war meant little, | one German and work out a business | mén business men on one side and Frenchman should get together wnhl egreement by which there would be! marshaled the Frenchmen on the along the Colorado river, designed to | mutual profit. Without mutual profit i other, waved the flag over each side farnish water power to the territory adjacent to it, will at the same time contfol the floods of the river, which there could be no lasting agreement. If énbuigh individual business could get started working togethér in and commanded, men | M. Schueider paused significantly, and |inen coneluded, “Business and politics have ciused gréat lossés in the pust.-this-way;-weshould graddally but as- don't go to‘eth?rsllka‘ll?lh' ‘Come to terms. together as the Upited- States and ‘The chief difficulty.in the Ruhr|Canada do?" I interrupted. has 'been that our goyernment, has made the mistake of forcing a.mass 1t hasMined all tho Ger- “Canada and the United States are young ‘countri M. Schneider re- plied. thoughtfully, = “They, started without prejudice and grew up to- gether.’ i “France and Germany have fol- lowed separate paths through many centuries. France has been invaded three times during a' not very long period of years. We cah be invaded Tax Reductfon week,” Gen. O'Ryan stdtes. “All can do so very simply. Just send letter or telegrams to your senators and representatives telling just what you think of the delay in enacting legislation 6n. this most im- portant subject. Let Congress know once more, and much ‘more emphat- ically, what, the people are thinking. lu( national taxe: 'THE Work of organiaing Tax Reduc- tioni “week bas been @nanced by con- GERMANY NOW HEADED FOR MONARCHIAL RULE Nationalists, Citing Failures of Republic, Gain Great Impetus__Reichstag Control Means Dictatorship. BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. ERMANY- is headed straight for a monarchical form of government — constitutional though it may be. In the eyes of the most influential; elements of Germany the republic, has failed—has barely muddled | through difficult situations and, by international agreements and muss-| ing internal questions, retarding a restored, progressive Germany. The center party, headed by Dr. Gustav Stresemann and Hugo Stin- nes, with the national people's and German people’s parties, have shawn] thelr teeth to the present democratic, rule. A return to “One People, One Land. One Kaiser,™ is the watchword of the moment. . Instead of being| flouted it has flabbergasted the so-| cialists and democrats and in every quarter of Germany the adherents of the nationalists and centerists are gaining firm support. The socidlists, dominating element of the republic, prqfess to discount the rapld strides, now being made by the nationalist | clements who would go as far as to return the former Greman Crown| Prince Frederick Willlam to the| throne, but with constitutional limi- ! tations. But advices from Germany Jindicate that notwithstanding this) apparent indifference to the renew- ed and vigorous activity of the na- tionalists and Industrialists, who in reality hold the economic fate of Ger- many in the hollow of their hands, is feigned. Already there is visioned such progress for the right that in the forthcoming reichstag clestions { there will be seated enough support- ers of the nationalist creed to dom- inate in every respect. This would be jbut the first step in throwing the country into the hands of a na- tionalistic dictatorship from which would come a restoration of the old motiarchial order. Much Is at Stake. Ihasmuch as all future agreements with allied powers depend upon a sympathetic German government, it may be said truthfully that the fate of ‘Europe for the next twenty years depends upon decisions wrought in the German elections in May. For it is well known that the very founda- tion stone of nationalistic ereed fs resistance to the treaty of Versailles and the blocking of agreements with the allies which in anywise inflict upon Germany burdens which, the nationalists declare, Germany in her present state cannot bear. The nationalist movement has lain dormant ever Since the kaiser, In| ignominy, fled to Holand when' the | { German armies broke down on the western front and began their trek from France to points east of the Rhinoe. The nationalists, knowing that they could achieve nothing by maintaining control of the govern- ment, offered no great resistance to the formation of a republic through the medium of the socialists and left parties. Neither did they try to block adoption of the Weimar con- stitution. For, they argued, would not a republican rule maks it appear to allied nations that Germany had| had a change of heart and that pre- | vious determined ruthlessnéss was to| be pplanted by an era of democracy and compliance to allied dictates? Furthermore, there was much bitter- ness in Germany following the war against the regime and leaders that had brought Germany to her catas- tophic position. Ready for New Order. German people were ready for a new order. Had that new order made greater progress in,adjusting the problems of the hatiom, had that new order set Ger- many un her feet or had fought for the better protection of German interests in international counseis, then the people might have ‘been content. But, as a matter of fact, the nationalists point out, and they are not far wrong, Germany ' has floundered without definite policy, without decision in vital questions of in- ternal adjustment as weil as in foreign affairs. As a result of the apparent ! lack of all-wise leadership, economie, | social and financial conditions. in Ger- | many today are far from what they | once were. Justly or unjustly, people of | Germany compare the era of advance | Dprevious to the war with present un- tributions from the public, disburse- ments being held to a minimum, Gen. O'Ryan explained. Probably only "$37000 has been spent in clerical hire, Postage and telegrams, so Gen. O'Ryan clafms this week will set not only a fecord for economy, but for results. Améng the co-operating organiza- tions are the Retail Dry Goods Asso- ciation, several hundred chambers of commerce, the National Association of Life Underwriters, American Institute of Accountants, real estate boards, building associations, National Whole- sale Grocers’ Association, the Retail Grocers, women's clubs, National Fed- eration of Implement Dealers, em- ployers' bodies, North Dakota State Fair Assoclation, the shoe manufac- turers and retailers, and a_hundred other representative agencies. The subject of tax relief will also be brought” up &t meetings of Rotary, Kiwanls, Lions and Exchange clubs. There aré to' be addresses from the principal broadcasting stations of the country. 2 Ger. O'Ryan has recelved within the | separate government {man government will stable conditions, and as a result they lean toward the blandishments of thoss political elements promising a new and stronger Germany, one wherein pros- perity will reign. Inasmuch as the peo- ple know that the financial future of Germany rests in the hands of the moneyed interests, and these moneyed interests are allied with the nationalistic elements, it may be seen how far- reaching the interests of Stinnes and others will be aided in the coming elec- tions. Nationalists More United, When the former crown prince es- caped (?) from Holland and returned to Germany the nationalist cause was pro moted. though at the time there was Delief that the nationallsts misht be split in their choice between the crown prince and Prince Ruprecht of Bavaria. The schism existing between and Bavaria emphast: the Bavarian threat to withdraw from the reich and establish itself as a Now, however, there apparently is little chance of con- flict between the Hohenzollerns and the Wittlesbachs, for the nationalists have come to the decision that there must bo uriited front if progress is to be made in the face of the present republican Tegime, holding as. it does its advantage in ‘control of the government. was Gustave Stresemann, foreign minis- ter- of the republican regime, it is now known, initiated and carried out Frederick William's return to Ger- many. It was the foreign minister, at the people’s party convention in Han- over, during the past week, who de- clared for the return to the old order, the readoption of the old German colors and a nationalistic regime for the nation, he going so far as to re- pudiate the Weimar constitution. He still retains his position in the gov- ernment in Berlin, which is signficant. Movement Gains Headway. The German nationalistic movemen gains headway and it is exceedingl likely that the future of the Ger- be dominated by a kaiserist reichstag majority or by other means to be taken later un- less the socialists rally their forces, forget their own troubles and stand united. And it remains to be seen whether, at this late date, they can manipulate thelr forces to withstand the shock of the nationalistic flood tide. During the caprse of the coming week the report of the Dawes finan- cial expérts on .reparations will be submitted to the reparations commis- sion. Already there are signs in Ber- lin that the chief provisions of th agreement will ‘be resisted. At least they will be considered working basis for nmegotiation. The Germans, it is declared, will fight the idea of paying 500,000,000 gold marks annually for reparatons subsequent to a three-year moratorium. Germany will insist that 1,500,000,000 is all that Germany should be asked to pay. Furthermore, the present German regime proposes to raise other obstacles to quick agreement. These, in the face of ‘events, must be taken as sap (o al- lay the nationalistic tides, but the nationalists in Germany know, and every one else know that the reich eventually must accede to al- lied stipulations, if, indeed, the Dawes report is adopted by the reparations commission as a basis of settlement. It is not expected that temporary resist ance tp the Dawes stipulations wiil balk the nationaliets. It may be ex- pected that. the nationalists imme diately will initiate assaults against the Dawes report in order to preveit the government from signing. French Would Stand Firm. - Inasmuch as it appears that the na- tionalist regime is on the eve of gain- ing firm control of the governmental machinery in Germany, sufficiently strong grip for the time, at least, to hasten the day of an out and out monarchy, it cannot be expected that Poincare will modify his stand more in compliance’ with the Dawes fore- casts as he has indicated willingness to do. Most certainly the French, if the nationalists control Germany, never would consent to withdrawal of forces from the Rhineland and the Rubr or in anywise delimit the pres- ent scope of so-called “guarantees.” The one_saving factor in case of nationalistio progress in Germany would be the realization of the indus- trialists and financlers of the nation that in adoption of the Dawes report Germany would be permitted more and more, and, largely through the international loans, to gain her old- time industrial and financial momen tum with. consequent lessening of social-and *economic burdens of the people: But as long as resistance to allied reparation payments con- tinues to be the chief watchword of nationalist clique, it canmot be per- celved how German leaders, even though they be industrial, can square their consent to the Dawes report with their own rampant political in- dividualism. ~ « . e A young Austrian is given credit for having {nvented a device that will enable women to haye their hair waved by wireless. The invention will do away with the need of heat- ing and waving machines by electric | wires, and as the wireless wave used will never reach so high a tempera- ture, even dyed hair can be waved. It is maintalned. they will be safer also than the machines which use the ordinary electric current. e * Tungsten filaménts used In electric light bulbs and radio vacuum tubes. past two weeks letters from every vection of the country, and sald that very writer advocated a readjustment with sentiment overwhelmingly in favor of the Mel lon plan. says the Popular Science Montkly, are colls of almost Invisible wire only one-thousandth of an inch thich, wound on a core.of steel or brass ou'y four one-thousandihs of an iich through. 2