Evening Star Newspaper, December 25, 1921, Page 19

THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., DECEMBER 25, ACTION, NOT TALK, |THE STORY THE WEEK HAS TOLDIAMERICAN REPUBEICS LOOK TO CON EUROPE’S BIG NEED Statesmen, Now Alive to Demands of Peoples, Will Strive for Adequate Rehabilitati on PI'OCESSCS. BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. ORELY tried by the evil condi- tions prevailing in the economic and social life of Europe, and realizing that the policy of temporizing further cannot but react to the disinterest of alt powers on the owntinent, the movement toward quick dispatch of troublesome issues is gathering impetus. Statesmen, fecling the pressure of their home peoples, are beginning to awaken more than ever to the re- sponsibilities that face them. De- mands there are that the various sores In the political as well as eco- nomic H(e\ be curated at the earliest possible moment. Peoples of France, England, Italy and other continental} countries are insistently demanding that there be less preachment and more performance, the abandonment of dilatoriness for direct action, united endeavor and union of pur- pose. Financial interests in every 1and have been wailing for relief from the conditicns which have brought in- creasing burdens, ones which have tangled the skeins of progress and placed them in a maze of uncertainty, if not amidst downright reaction. * ok ok K Europe cannot prosper. much less progress, with uncertainty, anxiety and suspense prevailing. The atmo- sphere must be cleared and the men through whom the wishes of the peo- ple are reflected must act expedi- tiously in order that there may not be greater chaos than at the present moment. European nations—governments, at least—have been for more than two Years skating upon thin ice. States- men of various countries have given greater evidence of being able to cut fancy, graceful, political didoes for nationalistic purposes than they have of taking long, graceful, powerful strokes that would carry them and their peoples to safety. Those things that have been necessary for purpos ful accomplishment and the well being of the peoples of the continent at large have been left rotting. There is no question but that the approaching session of the supreme council at Cannes, in January, will be one of the most momentous gather- ings of allied statesemen since the treaty of Versailles was signed, pro- vided, however, there is not a lapse of purpose; provided the same spirit that prevails today prevails then. The conference of Premiers Liloyd George and Briand in London has done much to clear the atmosphere, remove misunderstandings purported to exist between their rspective na- tional policies and pave the way for concerted action at Cannes, when questions will be brought forward successful_solution of which will go far in righting conditions which are crying for relief. Unquestionably the German reparation question will beY; the first approached and acted upon, for it is upon reparations that at least two nations—France and Bel- glum—count upon for the equaliza- tion of their present unfavorable financial condition. The_reparations question cannot be dodged, but there is every indica- tion that the question will be broach- ed and handled in the spirit of broad fair-mindedness and with engaging frankness, for by this only can re- sults be achieved. The French view- point is rapidly veering toward the conclusion, long _since reached in other quarters, that Germany must be assisted to her feet financially if France and the remainder of the world are to be saved from finan- cial chaos. There are tens of mil- lions of people in central Europe, including Austria and Hungary, who today are idling and suffering for the lack of easier credit conditions and greater leniency in the enforcement of the dictates of war's victors. The allies themselves are more and more beginning to realize that it behooves them to aid the return of normalcy in the vanquished coun- tries in order that the labors of the 1 millions may be utilized in the com- mon purpose of rehabilitating Eu- rope. There is no disposition on the part of the allies, and justly so, to lessen the demands made upon those peoples responsible for the terrible conditions prevailing. Rather is there disposition to make the payment of all debts possible. In making such payment possible the allied powers will be aided financially, economic- ally and socially. The common weal is the predominent issue today. * ok Ok ¥ ‘Though it i3 not in the least sur- prising to see the allies make Ger- many’'s payment possible there has been occasional great surprise that the rehabilitation of Russia is among the problems that soon are to be undertaken. The supreme council itself will not strive to settle finally at this time the questions that are considered, but, if present plans to name a commission to study the various rehabilitution processes is named and immediately gets to work, as it undoubtedly will, 1922 may be listed among the years of wonderful accomplishment throughout Europe. be threshed out is so complex that it is exccedingly problematical as to what course will be followed. But any cours purpose must first of all consider the fundamental question, “shall or shall not the bolshevik regime in Moscow be recognized and steps taken toward strengthening its hands in Russia?” This unquestionably will bring about variance of opinion and probably sharp contlict of viewpoint, for the forcign offices and intelligence serv- ices of every nation constantly are made aware of the fact that the insidlous tentacles of the bolshevist octapus are constantly reaching out and endeavoring to undermine the very foundations of allied nations. Thege attempts were far-reaching during the earlier period of the bolshevik regime. They lasted a year after the peace conference to a point that they became not only nauseous, but dangerous. The allied govern- ments constantly were Kept on the alert. Since there have been several at- tempts on the part of various nation- als to bring about individual trade relations with the Russians, but after elaborate trade parleys in which bol- shevist envoys sought to perpetuate their doctrines and revolutionary propaganda in the countries which they approached, there came a lapse of effort. Since Lenin and Trotsky have leaned toward capitalistic coun- tries, admittedly for the preservation of the bolshevist regime in Russia. But there is a very definite view, and particularly in France, that a leopard cannot change his sposs, and the Mos- lcow regime is considered a leopard or distinctive marking. * X ¥ ¥ But objectionable as may be the bolshevist regime, it is nevertheless recognized by financial and industrial interests of the old world that the markets of Europe must be extended to induce the prosperity necessary for Germany's recovery, as well as’ that of Russia. The marts of Russia must be entered, the great natural, re- sources of Russia developed, and the nation once more made a bechive of industry. With a going Russia, one trading with the world, much of the vexatious troubles of the day would pass as the mists, and Furope could |Taake swift progress in the right di- rection. 1"“In any plan of rehabilitating Rus- sia Germany must be considered, and undoubtedly. there will be drafted | within the cou of the next several months tentative plans towards Ger- participation in trade and eco- | man, 5 3 nomic movements in Russia. Ger- fany will be able to assist Russia | materially, and through aiding her can in return help pay her obl!gn_; i | tions to allied governments. So is mot in the least surprising to see already disposition_to consult with |both Germans and Russians and D | sible admittance of their representa- tives to the commission arranging the the readjustment of allied and ! continental w e ord e “ERRAND BOY OF CONGRESS™ DOES MANY USEFUL STUNTS For Instance, He Plans to Keep Statesmen Good Tempered and More Efficient by Improving Their Food. UST the errand boy of Con. gress.” that's the way Rep resentative Clifford Ireland, chairman of the committee on accounts, describes his job. But the ladies point him out as the Beau Brummell, outrivaling Representativ “Nick” Longworth in the variety and good taste of his raiment. And the young red-blooded men among his colleagues call him *“a real good sport.” He's a “Mister Fix It” for Congress. The House restaurants were run- down and they turned the job over to him to get them going on a fitting basis again. The telegraph bill of members was getting extravagantly high and Ireland has reduced it more than 50 per cent. He has to approve all purchases of supplies for use by the House, including furniture, rugs, etc., for the members' offices. hig O K an o miscellancous pay roll of about $6,000 every month. Made for a Diplomat. Some day he is going into the diplo- atic _service, because somehow liff” Ireland has a smoothing man- ner that brings folks around to doing things his way. He is always calm, cool, unhurried, suave—but he gets things done that really mean a saving of thousands of dollars to Uncle Sam and more efficient conduct of govern- ment business. Every one knows that no man will keep good-natured if his food doesn’t set right, and for orderly and expe- ditious procedure in the lexislative chamber a majority of the 435 mem: bers must keep good-natured. —The improvement in the temper of the House is being credited to a consider- able extent to the improvements Rep- resentative Ireland has made in the restaurants where the members eat. These come under the Speaker—three of them, one in the Hou office build:ng, one in the Capitoi which is private for members, and one in the Capitol that is public. They had got € so rundown that the Speaker was | glad to get rid of them by turning them over to the committee oh ac- counts. Representative Ireland called into co-operation Elliott Woods, su- perintendent of the Capitol. Spent a Lot of Money. “We had to spend a lot of money, and had to stand for a lot of criti- clem, but_we knew we were doing a needed job.” explained Representative Ireland. “We have spent $30,000 and have just got another $22.000. We had to rebuild the lower floor into an adequate and modern kitchen and equip it properly. We moved a range that had never been used since it was put In the House office building over to the Capitol, and thus saved at one crack more than $7,000. We had to tear out big pillars as large as an ordinary room. We had to put in a| new sewage system. He puts ! all the members well satisfled with what they get to eat and the service. “They're the crankiest set and worst outfit in the world to satisfy,” was Representative Treland’s sole comment when asked what the members liked specially. He found it easier to tell what they were accustomed to find fault about than what they seemed to | like. *We aim to make the restau- rants operate on a cost basis, and as we get a little profit turn it into more or better food.” he said. While.he was getting the restau- rants in shape to feed 506 or 1.000 persons a day, Representative Ire- land was busy on another job. He was simultaneously saving Uncle Sam more than $50.000 to offset the money that was going into the new kitchen. During the war the bill for telegrams franked by the members grew to be tremendous. It reached its peak at $108,809. Now it has been reduced more than 50 per cent, and now it is well under $50.000. Telegrams Six Feet Long. Ireland admitted he had felt forced solicit the sympathic co-operation of his colleagues to do this. When he did go_before the House he exhibited several telegrams five and six feet in length, which cost more than $65 each, as glaring examples of how the iabuse of the telegraph frank had | grown. “Our telegraph business is now very _satisfactory.” he said. “There had been no system of check- ing and auditing prior to the time we took charge. We could not have reduced the bill as we have without the sympathetic co-operation of the embers."” “Oh, I'm just a messenger boy on all the jobs that the rest of the House do not care to do or _neglect for more weighty affairs of statesmanship,” he said, “when asked just how many jobs he had on hand. When_his colleagues noted a hand- some silver loving cup on his desk he said: “That was given to me in Pater- son, N. J., the other night—do you know when I drove more than 100 miles after 6 o'clock at night to at- tend one of our annual ‘Veterans' night' entertainments I didn’t know it was customary to give the national commander a present.” He is na- . tional commander-in-chief of the Sons of Veterans, and has been visit- ing a number of camps In New York state and New Jersey. Also when his_colleagues noticed a picture of “Cliff” lIreland all dolled up in a gorgeous gown and headdress they drew forth the explanation “that| was when I was potentate of Moham- met Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.—Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine—in his home town of Peoria. Il Then he let out that he is plan- ning to make a motor trip from Wash- ington to San ‘Francisco next June to attend the Imperial Council. He is rather expecting to be wel- cause after a three-year fight . @ The Russian question, which must that is to suceed in its ito go on the floor of the House and | comed at the Imperial Council, be-|rands. “we|ond worst golf player in the whole have just got a decision from the|United States—giving first honors to Now we have a ' internal revenue office under which|his good pal, Representative Fr: modern plant, and we're going to have we will have paid back about $240,000] Scott of -Michigan. 3 BY HENRY W. BUNN. HE following is a brief sum- mary of the most import- ant news of the world for the seven days ended De- cember 24. United States of America: “Happy the people whose annals are unin- teresting,” is a famous saying. If it is'true, then we of the United States must have been happy dur- ing the past week, for (the con- ference party apart) the daily press has discovered almost no domestic news of striking interest to report. The anti-nching bill has been before the House. It is thought that the debate thereon will gather heat when renewed after the holidays, The bill prescribes penalties as follows: A fine of $5,000 and a maximum of five years in prison for any state or municipal * officer who shall fail to protect a mob victim: a mini- mum of five years, a maximum of life imprisonment, for one who participates in a mob which fatally Iynches a victim; a county in which a fatal lynching occurs and a county through which a victim is carried to be executed by lynch’s law must pay $10,000 to the family of the victim. ' The bill is attacked as unconstitutional on the ground that it usurps state rights and that it will encourage rights, and it is attacked as vicious on the ground that it will encourage the horrible crime which is the usual cguse of invoking Judge Lynch. The Newberry case has engaged the Senate, which has also listened to a good deal of oratory in criti- cism “of the four-power Pacific islands treaty (not yet formally submitted to the Senate). Both House and Senate have passed the bill carrying an appro- priation of $20,000,000 for relief of the starving Russians, and it has been signed by the President. The agriculture block has been tryving to get Senate action on a bill which calls for a representa- tive of the agricultural interests on the Federal Reserve Board. A member of the Senate com- mittee which has just returned from a trip to Haiti and San Do- mingo, said trip being for the purpose of studying the results of American _military administration in_those republics, is reported as saving that he found conditlons in Zeneral satisfactory and creditable to the Americans concerned. * ¥ Xk k Ireland: The dail eireann went into open session on Monday to dis- cuss the agreement for association of Ireland with the British com- monwealth of nations, recently signed by the Irish plenipoten- tiaries in London. Mr. Griflith made the motion for ratification. The debate was fast and furious untit Thursday evening, when adjourn- ment until January 3 was voted. It goes without saving that few debates in the world's history have been more interesting or more momentous. The leaders for ratifi- cation are Griffith and Michael Col- lins, the former a great statesman and the latter a singularly attrac- tive figue, frank, bold, touchy on the point of honor, the idol of the republican army, deservedly a pop- ular hero. If ratification is defeat- Keeps Nation's Lawmakers In Conds tion for Tasks REPRESENTATIVE CLIFFORD IRELAND. in taxes collected from us during the war.” He lets the revenue collectors down easy by pointing out that “it was due to a mistaken notion that we were not a philanthropic, charitable fraternity. They held the opinion that we were simply a soclal associa- tion.” | ‘That proposed trip to 'Frisco lets iyou in on the secret of how this self-styled “errand boy of Congress” gets his best enjoyment out of life— behind the wheel of a gdod automo- bile. “My best diversion is a motor car. 1 am never quite so happy as when I am behind the wheel of a good car.” he says, and estimates that since the automobile first came out he has “averaged better than 30,000 miles a year,” excusing this small figure by stressing the fact that he is so closely contined by his duties at the Capitol that he “don’t get as much time for motoring” as he would like. “For a couple of years I have not been on a railroad train” he said. “l make all my trips home in my car, making the run of about 900 miles im two days. The last trip /I ran from Cumberland, Md., to In- dianapolis—460 miles—in one day. n the early days of the automo- bile I was in the racing game, most- ly in the west, but I quit before I got married. That was before the days of organized racing. Since 1911 all races have been under the sanc- tion of the contest board of the American Automobile Association of Which 1 have been a member, but have just resigned.” He made it em- { pnatic that his resignation stands as i such. This “errand boy” describes him- self in his official biography In the Congressional Directory as “a farm- er and lawyer.” He practiced law before coming to Congress and ad- mits that he was and is “fairly {active in politics in the state, but never a candidate for office and never intended to be before I was precipi- tated into running for Congress.” Wife, Two Children. He is forty-three years of age, but looks much” younger, Wwith jet-black hair and vigorous, trim physique. He is married and has two children, and _ed, De Valera will-be responsible. In'the secret session he submitted . an alternative instrument of agree- ment, but he refuses to disclose it to the public before action on the document now in debate. His critics have not hesitated in the open session to call him a “quib- to declare that the instru- ment’ he would substitute offers Ireland no more than does the signed agreement; that for the sake of hair-splitting technicali- ties he would risk renewal of the war. One fails to see why the voting of the dail eiraenn on the London_instrument should be af- fected by the withholding of De Valera’s substitute proposal from the public gaze, as the dail eireann has seen and discussed the latter. One does see, however, how a plebiscite on the London agreement might be determined (so imagis ative are the Irish) by the ascrip- tion of fabulous virtues to such a secret document. My discussion is getting a little fantastic, but so seems Mr. De Valera's attitude, as John Milroy bluntly told him. It iooks ike _ratification, but con- fidence thereof is not justified. R Russia: An Associated Press re- port quotes Col. Haskell, director of the American Relief Adminig- tration work in Russia, as follows: “Where a few months ago the people were dying by hundreds, they are now dying by the thou- sands. In a few months they will be dying by hundreds of thousands. One of the relief men, in a trip covering more than four hundred miles, found only two places where food could be had for love or money. In the Saratov district they are dying so fast that bodies «re literally being hauled away by the cartload.” Some people will be asking: “Why, then, should not Congress, instead of appropriating only $20,- 000,000, appropriate $100,000.000, say, or even twice that amount, toward staying a calamity so hor- rible as to submerge all political considerations whatever?” The answer to that question 1s to be found in my last week's paper. Mr. Hoover says that the disorganized transportation system of Russia cannot convey more than about 22.000,000 bushels of ~grain _(of Wwhich the estimated cost is $20.- 000,000) to the famine region in time to be of avail. * K ok k 3 “Germany, ete.:—On Moénday M. Briand (attended by M. Loucheur, minister for the devastated regions, and by other experts) met Lloyd George at No. 10 Downing street, and the two remained In close conversation until Thursday after- noon, when Briand returned to Paris. That admirable German, Dr. Rathenau. was in London during those days, but whether he was invited to participate in the con- versations of the premiers, 1 do not know. I think it likely that he at any rate conversed with his old friend Loucheur (they are joint authors of the Wiesbaden agree- ment), How lofty .or how wide a flight the conversations took, I cannot say. German reparations finance was, of course, the chief topic _of discussion — the _cris: caused, “or_rather marked, by Chancellor Wirth's announcement of partial default in respect of the gold payments due in January and February. It was decided that the supreme council shall meet at Cannes in the first week of Janu- ary. The premiers discussed the idea of an European financial con- . ference to follow the meeting of the supreme council, and it is thought they are agreed to advo- cate such a conference at the meet- ing of the supreme council. There is no doubt that Britain would be willing to make great sac- rifices toward the economic resto- ration of Europe, if she could have reasonable assurance of their ef- fectiveness. It is alleged that the British are seriously considering some such program as the follow- ing: To write off the war debts due Britain from allies receiving in re- turn German reparations sums held by those allies; to forgive Ger- many the reparations sum due Britain from Germany; to give France a military = guarantee against German aggression; to ratify the Wiesbaden agreement: to make a ioan to Germany. Thus the German reparations total would be reduced to an amount that Germany could carry without discomfort In return for so mag- nanimous a program Britain would demand (among other things) withdrawal of allied (i. e. chiefly French) garrisons from German soil the which would lift a heavy financial burden from Germany; and ironclad guarantees from Ger- many of financial and fiscal re- forms. Perhaps Lloyd George, not willing to be outdone by Mr. Hughes, is planning to sur- prise the world with some such proposal. Perhaps he isn't, but the speculation is not fruitless. Something in the grand style is clearly “indicated,” for the London program of reparations finance has petered out. It is up to Lloyd George, for France can't, won't and shouldn’t forego the repara- tion pledged to her. The above sketch is, 1 grant, impressionistic, not to say cublst, in style, but I see no other way to deal with so vast and curious a subject in so brief space. * ok k% China—Chang Tso-Lin, inspec- tor general of Manchuria, is in Peking. He has ousted the old cabinet and replaced them, if re- port is correct, by a cabinet of reactionaries. This coupy may or may not be helpful to the Chinese cause at the Washington confer- ence. On the one hand. Chang Tso-Lin is a strong man and China needs a strong man at the head of affai on the other, he has an unsavory reputation and seems to deserve it. However, if he could unify China almost any thing might be forgiven him. But Wu Pei-Fu, reported the most de- cent and patriotic of tuchu holds aloof. The coup may, i stead of unifying, added the dis- sensions of China, * ok ok ok The Conference.—On_ December 14 the committee on Pacific and far eastern questions adjourned in order, it was officially announced, that its members might devote themselves to the naval discus- sions and to the (extra-confer- ence) dual negotiations on Shan- tung. It so happened that on that very day Dr. Wang had presented the argument supporting the Chi- nese demand that the Sino-Japa- nese treaties of 1915 and the Japa- nese leases of land, railroad. etc., in Manchuria be abrogated. There was doubtless no connection be- tween Dr. Wang's extremely able THE UNKNOWN SPEAKS I am the son of all bereaved sires. All sorrowing mothers; and I am the spouse ~ Of every faithful wife that waits for me, My sweetheart knows that I am in this flag That clings as fordly round me as her arms Clung in that last embrace before I went. Brothers of mine are all brave men; and all Pure women are -my sisters. T am unknown when all men know me theirs? There is a deity in common dust ‘When it is lifted on the cross of pain, And gives its life for all who need its aid. There is a glory in the broken flower Surpasing all the buoyant blooms of spring. Tears are the dews of the celestial fields Where the immortal lilies bend and sway. The rose is dyed with blood, and the great morn Of Resurrection is one flower the more That blooms from out the darkness of the grave. O hearts of men for whom I gave my heart, O sisters, wives and mothers, brothers, sires, And sweethearts, and—a nobler name than all— My countrymen, my fellow-men of earth, I am not parted from yo With you in all your musings, all your prayers. 1 struggle in your struggles to be free. ‘Who can say ; I am one Our Father is the same one God of all; Our Savior is the Savior of the dead As of the living, and the Holy Ghost Is the same friend and comforter of all in spite of the many other calis on |nis time is quite well acquainted with his family. He is rated as one of the very well- to-do_in Congress, and when asked how he made his money, said, in an embarrassed way, that he ‘“never made very much.” Just about that time he volunteered that he was president of the Western Live Stock Insurance Company from 1911 to 1920. Representative Ireland keeps him- self in good shape by plenty of exer- cise—besides running Congress’ er- He admits that he is the sec- Who wait the last resounding trump in hope. There are not two worlds, brothers, there is one. And that is why your prayers have found me here And lifted me an arm’s-length nearer God. Pray for me ever as you did this day And I shall soon be with the saints in bliss, Borne on the mighty wing-beats of your love Even to the summit of this mount of pain, And through the gates of heaven. Mother of God, Receive me now, and bring me in good time To the torn feet of-thy de#tr Son and Lord. Pray for me, Mary! Brothers, pray for me, For by your prayers am I made it] And you with me and you snd T o ™ WENDELL PHILLIPS STAFFORD. Experts Make Sacrifices To Help on Hoover Plan (Continued from First Page.) markets there, part of the time as resident engineer for the American trading company at Kobe and part of the time making extensive investi- gations for the bureau of foreign and domestic commerce throughout the far east. He has been connect- ed with the Worthington Pump and Machinery Corporation and a num- ber of other American engineering concerns. He is a graduate mechani- cal engineer from Cornell University, and 2 member of the American So- ciety of Mechanical Engineers. Rubber—Paul L. Palmerton: He comes to the byreau from the Rub- ber Aasociation of America, Inc., where he was manager of the foreign trade bureau. Before that he was in the export departments of some of the rubber manufacturers in_Akron, Ohio. He is a graduate of Indiana University. Shoes and Leather—Arthur B. But- man: He is well known throughout the shoe and leather trade. He was connected with a leading trade jour- nal and later was appointed statisti- cal expert for the National Boot and Shoe Manufacturers’ Association. Fol- lowing this he was head of the hide and leather statistical division of the census bureau. He has had experi- ence in shoe manufacturing and has conducted trade investigations in Eu- rope, Asia, South America, the West Indies and Mexico. Specialties—Carl H. Greene: He came to the bureau from the position of secretary to the Export Managers’ Club of New York. Previous to this he was sales promotion manager of the Federal Export Corporationand its affiliated shipping, manufacturing and financing subsidiaries. Still earl- jer Mr. Greene was connected with the advertising and sales department of the American Exporter, and later ‘was sales manager and export coun- selor_for the foreign department of the National Association of Manufac- turers. His work has brought him 1into -close . contact _with .the, export & R e e S . sales plans of manufacturers of American specialties. Textiles — Edward T. Pickard: He came to the bureau from the position of export manager of the Textile Manufacturers’ Alliance, Inc. He has made a trip around the world in- vestigating textile market conditions and - establishing branch offices in certain commercial markets. Before | ! 1921—PART 2. paper and the adjournment of the committee. The committee has not since met, and so what many consider the most important ques- tion before the conference—that of Manchuria—has yet to be debated and decided. One could not blame the committee for feeling in the presence of the Manchurian ques- tion much as Charles Lamb felt in the presence of the baby in long clothes. “Nice baby, nice stuttered Lamb, “but where does’ the d-d-d——d little thing leave off 2" The Shantung negotiotion has been adjourned and the latest Chinese ~ proposition concerning the railroad has been referred to Toklo. Apparently other mat- ters were settled to the satis faction of China, but the im- portant matter is that of the rail- road. One cannot but infer from press reports that the Japanese delegates were determined that Japan should retain an impor- tant interest in the railroad, whether financial or administra- tive or both. Perhaps the Japa- nese premier, who is reported to entertain very liberal sentiments toward China, will instruct the Japanese delegates to accept the Chinese proposition regarding purchase of the railroad without vexatious conditions attached, and so rid the world of a pesti- lent problem. The French naval demands have embarrasséd the conference. This, the most interesting episode of the conference, deserves more notice tiran I can give. M. Briand, appealed to by Secretary Hughes by cable above the heads of the French delegation, readily con- sented to Mr. Hughes' offer of a capital ship tonnage total of 175.000, instead of the 330.000 the French delegation had demanded. But it is not likely that M. Briand, appealed to a second time by Mr. Hughes, will be so complaisant regarding auxiliary combatant craft. The French demand a sub- marine tonnage total of 90.000, the same as the allowance of Brit- ain and the United States. Their demands respecting other craft have not vet been presented. The French press is showing u good deal of annoyance over Mr. Hughes' second cable. It is to be hoped that this situation will get itself amiably straightened out in the near future. The President quite inadvertent- 1y caused much excitement and clack of tongues the other day by remarking that the expression “in- sular possessions and _ insular dominions in the region of the Pa- cific ocean.” as used in the four- power treaty, was not intended by the framers of the treaty to include the islands of Japan proper. Tn the course of that same day the President discovered him- self mistaken. He issued a state- ment to that effect, and added that “he has no objection to the con- struction” of the framers. Later he declared very sensibly that the point is of no consequence. ‘The nference is now deep in ussion of the submarine. The discussion began with a very able argument .by Lord Lee for total abolition of the submarine. The argument for retention of the submarine is well presented in a report by the advisory committee of the Amerjcan delegation. There does not sedm the slightest likeli- hood that the submarine, -will be abolished, nor that there shall be limitation of its size. (Copyright, 1921, by The Washington Star) New Chinese Premier Is Organizing His Cabinet LIANG SHIH YI Has been named premier of China, in Yun-Peng, who, the Chinese government, and the new premier will form a cabinet embrae- ing all factions. fields and how best to%go after that {and co-operation of the New York Ex- trade, regional divisions along geo- | port Managers' Association and the Ex- graphical lines have been established with highly trained men in charge of the work for each division, as follows: Latin American, Philip S. Smith; for eastern, F. R. Eldridge; western Europe, Alan G. Goldsmith; eastern Europe, E. Dana Burand, and near eastern, James A. Robertson. These geographical\ division chiefs are now making survdys in their respective quarters of the world. To show the caliber of men who have taken charge of this, take Dr. Durand. He was_former director of the census. He handled the Polish reliet work, and in heading up the situation in eastern Europe his duties center around much the same kind of ac- tivities, The foreign offices of the bureau of foreign and domestic commerce have been pretty well reorganized, and the bureau now has trained and respon- sible agents in charge at Berlin, Brussels, Bucharest, Buenos Aires, the war Mr. Pickard was manager of | Constantinople, Copenhagen, Havana, a large American domestic and ex- port textile house in Manchester, England, and during the war acted as trade adviser to the War Trade Board. i Transportation and communica- tion—Eugene S. Gregg: He had been connected with Vhe American Inter- natfonal Corporation of New York as adviser on shipping conditions. He is a graduate of Austin College, Tex. He took the graduate course in transportation at the University of Chicago. During the war he was connected with the shipping section of the general staff of the War De- partment. He is author of numerous articles on shipping subjects. * ok k% As an illustration of how these di- visions are functioning. Mr. Gregg, when asked regarding the scope of the transportation division, said that the first work was an intensive study of ocean shipping, with a view to de- termining the minimum amount of ship tonnage needed for given ports of the United States, and in connec- tion with the maintenance of estab- lished trade routes and the estab- lishment of new routes—this work to be done in co-operation with the Shipping Board. The division is aiso considering niatters relating to export rail rates and co-operating with business men in seeking the establishment of such rates on com- modities as will business men to compete with for- eign business. In order that the bureau of for- eign and domestic commerce can best advise American business men concerning the economic conditions and _trade . opportunities .in. .forelgn. enable American | the country most interest l ‘The Hague, Johannesburg, London, Lima, Madrid, Melbourne, Mexico City. Paris, Peking, Prague, Riga. Rio de Janeiro, Rome, Santlago, Shanghai, ‘Toklo, Vienna, Vladivostok and War- saw. These foreign offices are in charge of trade commissioners and commercial attaches. ‘To show the extent to which the reorganization has gone in safeguard- ing American interests, it may be noted that Charles E. Herring has been sent as commercial adviser to Berlin. This actually moves a branch of the federal bureau into the Ger- man capital, because Herring, who was formerly first assistant chief of the-bureau, goes there with the poli- cies and program of the bureau as a second nature, so that he is prepared to meet conditions as they arise with- out having to wait while he can ask for and get instructions from the ‘Washington headquarters. Another illustration: Walter Tower, commercial attache at London, comes from one of the great steel corpora- tions and is recognized among big business men as an especially strong and able overseas trade representa- tive for this country. * k ¥ % Technical divisions have also been established, headed up by men chosen after their qualifications had been passed upon by the consensus of opinion among the busin special line of work, as follows: Foreign tariffs, Henry Chalmers; commercial laws, A. J. Wolfe; re- search, G. B. Roorbach; statistics, John Hohn, and commercial intelli- gence, H. .W. Gruber. When an 15 made-of the | ! i i | | |tae quality of specially ! try, resigmed sev-|tnis new classitication of all commodi- eral days ago. The appointment is in}ties. Mr. Roorbach is a very umusually line with the mew liberal policy of|efficient man for tais work, Secretary men of |A, Young, tod in their |of the dlvision of economics and sta- jtry to lead the way to another con- {retary of State. 3 NCE Gathering Along Lines of Washington Arms Parley Among Possibilities of Early Future. BY BEN McKELWAY. HE settlement of American problems by Americans is a policy so firmly enunciated b; this government that its theo- retical application is beyond dispute. | But when one after another issue arises concerning the American re- publics alone and a practical agency or method for their solution remains to be created, the time iy seen ap-, proaching ®hen the Monroe doctrine’ must take its place either among vague traditions or present-day real- ities. For this reason there are many who profess to sce in the forthcoming Pan-American _conference the most important gathering in the history of the Americas. If present indica- tions bear out, it will be the first meeting called for thé express pur- pose of deciding definitely on the| adoption of a method or the creation | of an agency to settle questions con- cerning the inter-American policy of the American republics. * %k %k ¥ The attitude of South America to- ward the conference an the limitation of armament denced by its rep- resentatives in Washington, may be described as “watchful walting.” They are watching for the outcome of a conference among nations to dis- cuss questions relating to their mu- tval welfare; they are waiting for some move on the part of ti | exclusive discussion ference for the c There is lit- of American problem: tle evidence, as far as can be gath- ered, of any jealousy or hurt feelings on the part of the southern American republics at having been left out of the present conference. They realize the scope of the conference does not | include South America or its prob-! lems. But there is noticeable a feel- ing of interest on their part as to whether the results of the arms con- ference will justify a gathering of the American republics for a discus- sion of their own problems. It has been indirectly reported re- cently from various quarters that President Harding is_considering a conference of the American republics. And there are those who believe he decided on the next Pan-Ameri an conference as to the agency U bring it about. The date, place of meeting and the program of this con- ference are to be decided at a meet- ing of the governing board of the Pan-American _Union here, and as chairman ex-officio of this board Sec- retary Hughes will take a prominent i part in framing the agenda. * % ¥ & The governing board of the Pan American Union must choose one of two policies in framing the agenda for the conference. The members may either decide to bring before the Pan American conference some of the conferences is the Pan-American Union. This institution has relig- eously kept its skirts clear of qu tions which involved the diplomatic elations of the American republics. and has concentrated on developmer of commercial intercourse and friend- Iy contacts, a commendable task which is in the way of being success- fully accomplished. Without involving the Pan-Ameri- can Unfon, the dutles B¢ whicn snouid not be broadened to include the dix- cussion of diplomatic questions, the Pan-American conference has before it an opportunity to fll a real need in Pan-American relations today. * ok ok * President Harding’s appointment of Secretary Hoover as chairman of the United States section of the Inter- American High Commission is e plained generally in a desire to re- lieve Secretary Mellon of part of the great burden of pressing business under which he now labors. But the appointment is highly approved by Latin American diplomats in Washington who believe that Secre- tary Hoover's energetic organization and administrative ability will be used (o excellent advantage in put- ting new life into this important in- stitution. Secretary Hoover takes the helm at a time when the United States section of the commission is per- forming an important task, and one which may have a striking effect in Latin America. Last week the va- rious sections met in their capitals, and in response to a call from Se retary Mellon set about preparing suggestions for the economic bet- terment of their countries. These suggestions and recommendations ill_be received by the United States section, which may adopt. from their study, some plan for aiding financial and economic conditions jn Latin America, * ¥ ¥ ¥ American interests are buying large petroleum fields in Bolivia, according to dispatches reaching the United States by way of Argentina. The investment is said to be heavy and to include “the complete installation lof private lines. Bolivia has been able to attract foreign interests, of which all South American countries are in need, and hin the near future s expected to have petroleum fields of great po- tential production. The petroleum discovered in Bolivia is said to be of an exceptionally high grade. * ¥ ok * Colombia is furnishing an increas- ing source of supply and market for the United States, and since 1910 America’s share her _imports has increased from 27 to 58 per cent. Despite the economic depression which has prevailed in Colombia for the last two years, she has main- tained her credit abroad by prompt remittances on loans. * ok ok * important issues of the day in Latin} . America—such as the adoption of a| (Great interest marks the reported uniform policy for the American re- {discovery in the province of Tara- publics in their recognition of de|paca Chile, of large nitrate beds, facto governments; or else they will map out & program which will mean little more than a social gathering for | the delegate: i The first policy will be an attempt to create within the Pan-American conference a body which may deal with issues between the American The second will be more a repetition of past Pan- American conferences, where every- body became inbued with the heralded “Pan American Spirit,” shook hands all_around and went home. The Pan-American conference was originated in 1580 when representa- tives of the Latin American repub- lics gathered in Washington at the call of James G. Blaine, then Sec- Since the first meet- ing three have been held, one in| Mexico City in 1901, another in Rio! de Janeiro in 1906 and another in!} Buenos Aires in 1910. The fifth con- ference was to have been held in Santiago. Chile, but the war indefi- nitely postponed the gathering. The next meeting, however. probably will be held in Santiago next summer. The principal outgrowth of the four where no other nitrate has ever been found. The government has sent & mining expert to the region to in- vestigate and make a formal report. The government has signed a con- tract with the prospector who made | the discovery granting him the choice of a tract of land within the new district. While the nitrate industry in Chile is now at a low ebb, any new discoveries of sources of nitrate supply are important because of their potential value. * k k * The committee of fifteen appointed by the commissioner of education to investigate educational preparation for foreign service reports that sev- enty-one colleges and universities in the United States now offer special training of this character. The total enroliment for ten institutions, which have 100 or more pupils enrolled in foreign trade courses, is 2,225. The University of Washington, in Seattle, heads the list, with 407 students, and the University of New York is next. with 401 students. Dr. Glen L. Swig- gert of the bureau-of education is chairmen of the committee of fifteen. —_— organization with the men who have been called upon to “help Hoover.” it will be seen that seven of the com- chiefs came from outside s and that such men as Lund- quist. Oxholm and Rastall came out of the government's own organiza- tion because they had the right kind of experience along their own special medity B. Rcorbach is a good example of trained men with initiative whom Hoover thought essential in the technical divisions for carrying out his plan. Roorbach was responsible for the reclassification of all commodities in foreign trade which soon to be put into effect. The Treasury Department is working with the bureau ¢ foreign and domestic commerce on Hoover feels. In_getting these men to help Hoover, the Department of Commerce has given great weight and value to the advice porters Round Table of Boston—both powerful associations. * ¥ ok Xk Rut the Hoover heipers have gotten entangled more or less in government red tape. They haven't allowed it to impede thcir work—because they cut the red tape by the simple process, costly to thelr own pocketbooks, of per- sonally paying out of their own pockets the difference between what the govern- ment allows and what their actual ex- penses are. This means that the better one of these big business experts does his work for Uncle Sam and for the gen- eral welfare of the country, the more it costs him personally. Some of taese men have found that it costs them one-third of their salaries to do this. They have been accustomed to liberality in expense accounts. As it is they generally take the flat $4 a day allowance of the government rather than waste time doing all the book- keeping and signing of vouchers neces- sary to get $5 when they actually spend $R or more. As the duties of taese men keep them on the road much of the time, keeping in close touch with busi pess, it can readily be seen that besides sacrificing big, salaries to come and help Hoover they have been called upon to do more than they bargained for by paving a big share of their own ex- penses ort the road. * % *x In the bureau of the census a very Interesting thing was done in the process of reorganization. A con- sulting committee of economists had been set up there by Director Wil- liam M. Steuart. The American Statistical Association and the Ameri- can Economic Assoclation had formed this joint committee on the census, consisting of the following: William S. Rossiter, chairman, formerly chief of the United States Census; Carroll W. Dpten, professor of economics, Massdchusetts - Institute of Tech- nology:; Edwin F. Gay, president of the New York Evening Post, and former dean of the graduate school of business administration, Harvard University; Wesley C. Mitchell, pro- tessor of economics, New York School of Social Research; Edward R. A. Seligman, _professor of _economics, Columbia University; Walter F. Will- cox, professor of economics and sta- tistics, Cornell University, and Allyn Harvard University, chief tistics, American commission to mne- gotiate peace, 1918-1919. ‘When Hoover found these men act- ing as advisers to the census he made them an advisory committee for the whole department. They enlarged themselves and formed a fine back- ground for the President's confer- ence on unemployment, so that as any faction flew off at a tangent this com- mittee still held the conference firm on a foundation of fact. That is an illustration of how Hoover, by bring- ing in men who are experts and know the facts, has been able to do busi- ness a good turn when some one started something on opinion, or what he thought, rather than on well-es- tablished facts. Similarly the National Manufac- turers’ Association has appointed at Hoover's suggestion a general ad- visory committee to take up ques- tions of policy as between industries —for example, when questions arise in the government's reorganization work that affect the manufacturers, this committee is avallable for con- sultation. This is in accord with Hoover's philosophy—Ilet business tell you what to do rather than you tell business what you're going to do. ‘The newest division established in e Hoover reorganization is that of implified Practice.” It is headed by W. A. Durgin, who was first assist- ant to the president of the Common- wealth Edison Company, in Chicago, and was lent by the company on an indeterminate leave of absence to head up this work for Hoover. It was very difficult to get a man for chief of this glivision with the back- ground of engineering knowledge and equipment, with a business sense of what ought to be done, and to get such a man to come to the depart- ment for $4,500. MANY NEW VICE CONSULS ASSIGNED TO STATIONS Recent changes in the United States consular service include as- signments of newly appointed vice consuls to stations as follows: ‘Willard L. Beaulac of Rhode Island at Tampico; Richard P. Butrick of New York, at Valparaiso; Edward W. Caffery of Louisiana, at Bucha- rest; Arthur H. Cawston of Illinois, at Cape Town; Harold M. Collins of Virginia, at Dublin; Alexander I Cruger of New York, at Marseille; Raymond Davis of Maine, at Aden: Howard Donovan of Illinois, at Lon- don; Julian C. Dorr of New York. at Prague; Raymond H. Gelst of Ohio. at Buenos Aires; F. P. S, Glassey of Pennsylvania, at Helsingfors; Albert Halstead of New Jersey, at Munich; Charles T. Hearin of Alabama, at Naples; Carlton Hurst of District of Columbia, at Bremen; Robert Y. Jar- vis of California, at Warsaw; Julian L. Pinkerton of Kentucky, at Loan- da; Edwin A. Plitt of Maryland, at Sofia; Harold Shantz of New York, at Calcutta; E. Talbot Smith of Conn- ecticut, at Tientsin; Frederick L. Thomas of New York, at Bombay; Maurice Walk of Illinois, at Ham- burg; Fletcher Warren of Texas, at Havana. ‘Thomas W. Chilton of New York, has_been detailed as consul general at Barcelona. Albert Forster of the District of Columbia, clerk at Berlin, has been appointed vice consul there and Willlam H. Pickford, also of the District of Columbia, vice consul at Nassau, has been transferred to Bern. Felix Cole of the District of Co- lumbia, consul at Bucharest; Carl C. Lumry of Iowa, vice consu) at Naples and William J. Burke of New Jersey. consular agemt at Bocas del Toro, have resigned from the service. b