Evening Star Newspaper, November 13, 1921, Page 49

ALLIES’ SHARP CHECK ON SERBS NIPS WAR Whole Weight of Allies Marshaled Against . Unwarranted Aggression in e " Albania. BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. TOP it!" Thus the allies have spoken to Serbia in regard to unwarranted invasion of Albanian territory. The in- sistent demand made by Lendon, Paris and Rome that ‘the Belgrade government immediately set in mo- tion steps to halt further aggression in the Balkans—aggression which undoubtedly is laying the foundation stones for future conflict—wijl have Dbeneficial effect in maintaining equi- Nbrium throughout southeastern Eu- Tope. The larger powers have placed their stamp of disapproval upon a movement which propagandists in America bave sought to defend with an eye single to cloaking Serbia’ ideas of aggrandizement at the ex. pense of weaker nations. The com- bined voice of the larger powers has stated emphatically that this spirit cannot longer be tolerated. If Serbia were not an_unfair aggressor there would have been little occasion for the sharp demand emanating from Llayd George that the council of the league of d the Albanian invasion and subsequent steps .to frustrate Serbian desires, which have grown apace since the Parjs peace conference, -the decisions of which gave Serbia preponderent strength in the Balkans. The allies, although having given Serbia ample rewards for war effort, do not intend that this power shall be abused to a point endangering the welfare and interests of the continent as a whole. * * k X Notwithstandéng efforts made by the Serbian government = through its agents the world over. and particu- larly in America, to make it appear that the Serbians were acting within|sfon of-Montenegri their rights in the Albanian invasion, { something for Which {lha:h\'ln:r:z:fi;g the council of ambassadors has spe-jpeople .have fought for time im- eifically announced the boundaries of ' memorial, will be -sufficient to keep the new Albania, and the Serbians|the Serblans busy in future years. - are on the wrong side. There have| This feud, along with {ts political been few modifications from the line |ramifications,” is sufficient. to keep of 1913, notably in the district of |trouble brewing, but if the Serbians | Ligue, which has been given to Al-|Were permitted to absorb Albania the bania’ with commensurate regard to)danger would be even greater, for Serbia 'in the reglon of Dibra and|%ooner or later the Serbs and Greek: Striga, where they have been Eiven|¥ould come into direct conflict over < the Bixh road as & strateglc measure. | the question of territorial jurisdic- More security is granted in the region | ton" . - of Prisend and Padgoritza, but these | Greeces recent incursions in south. changes are insignificant. It may be | Albanla and the formulation of stated that the line is practically the ands dispatched to allied coun- % tries undoubtedly were inspired b; me a5 in1913. While the Serblan|in.® ggeression of " th y government was heatedly stating that [ Greeks Lnswing there wouly Lo HEne these boundaries did not exist. the |chatee of dealing dircet it tre Sor council of ambassadors several weeks [ bians shoud theo tatier ihone Ser- succeed in ago_announced that the line -would |bringing to pass a. d'Annunzloesque be practically the same as in 1913.[sityation involving Durazzo.. Serbian Invasion, however, has ,con-| Possibly Grecian demande hastencd tinued. Serbia cares little whether | England’s request that the powers: she is awarded large slices of Al-|act immediately in halting Serbian banian territory if between those|ageression in the face of known al- slices the port of Durazzo is not|lled desires. At any rate, England nestled. The Serblan government, in |has spoken, and with her the larger Paris and since, has lost no oppor-|allies, and’ it may be expected that tunity of pressing claims for an out- the Serbians soon will be established let on the southern Adriatic. in proper metes and bounds and the There is_no port as desirable as|integrity of Albania perpetuated. Durazzo. With it Serbia could aspire Gregt interest is shown in the pos- to the domination of the Balkans and | Sible conflict between the larger allies |- Lo the domination of the Bawans and| rogarding Jugoslavia, Inasmuch as potential menace to Italian control | FTalce has been sponsor for the en- of .the Adriatic. which is made mors | 2r8ed Balkan kingdom ever since it certain by treatfes and agreements in | a5 Tecreated. France, it is known, effect. The Serbian movernment, after | SLI05t constantly has shown disposi- et e Serblan movernment, after | tion to favor Serblan demands in and contentto work In accord with the | Aosront Shcuedpunclis, but Serbia’s Itallans toward the development of flagrant dfsobedience and ignoring of |- the northern tretches of the Adrintic | soneonary ey mraioania possibly has as to meet Serbi: Ontlets convinced the French that they can 2 do nothing else in order t v farther south have the 'dignity of the peace. treaties and desirable not only. for. commercial|the league of natlons than join with ‘réasons.” but: military and. naval as|Italy and England. Tell. Naturally, Italy han protested * Ok ok x Sxninat Serbifn sswrdeston France's co-operation with the al- nuat 2ot the first to take sioay|1ies in prompt demands upon Serbia. otest. In a large way Serbia has | 7 SPite of past affiliations, may do Been sesking to estamiinh falt me. | mor ghan any other thing to infu- k o compll in Albania. ‘much as d'An-) St statecraft in the future. ¢ ieant: n Flume. and then. | France's stand, Serbian proj t eo;e:.:m:fl:'; r"\;mhar of lh; Tea=ue | protests , to . the - contrars, lfigflmfg . e nowers, w! P K e oy oS- hat they | prove thAt Serbla has not played in ers. fortunately for the salke of neace and advancement of Alhania and the of the council of the leagile of na- tions to meet' the 18th of this month in Paris to decide definitely what sSteps shall be taken to enforce allied dictates, Serbia undoubtedly will be fcrced to bend to ‘the preponderant weight of old-world opinion. at least |, diplomatic “maneuvering. _There no longer is the excuse that “Serbia does not know where the boundaries will be.” Definition has been dispatched to Belgrade. Neither can the Serbian government, to cloak its motives, de- sires and ambitions, state that the forces operating against the Albanians are composed of irregulars. Allied agents have determined that the Jugoslav forces operating in Albania are decidedly regular, regular to the point of receiving governmental ra- tlons, munitions, guns and other|” equipment deemed essential to suc- cessful military operation. d * ¥ % Albanians have resisted atoutly the Seyblan aggression. Reverses for the armies of Belgrade are reported dur- ing the pnst week. With Serbians. ignoring allied. dictates and the coun- cil of the league deciding that there must be some force shown to prove to Serbia that she is not playing first violin in the concert of European na- tions, there may be more than re- verses. for the Serbjans. In faot. it is intimated that drastic action will be taken to enforce the dictates of the allfes. > = It Is an interesting fact, buf less im- portant, that the Montenegrins are again showing their teeth. These peo- ples, who for hundreds of years re- sisted ‘the barbarous Turk, may yet join in the conflict to overthrow Ser- bian domination. Sporadic outbreaks are reported in Montenegro, where through packed elections, ‘moral suasion and even Intimidation fealty to the Serbian. kingdom was vot but it is not expected that the Morite- negrins will succeed in their efforts at this time. The perpetual suppres- 113 good faith in regard to Albania Should the council of the league act . co-operated fully with the conferenc BY HENRY W. BUNN. ¢ (Copyright, 1821, by The Washiagton Star.) HE following 4s & briefgsummary of the most important news the seven days ended. November 12: UNITEB STATES OF.AMERICA:— The jnjunction issued by Judge Anderson of the federal district court at Indianapolls, Torbidding executioh of the contracts under ‘which coal, mine operators engage to collect from miners their union meémbership dues and-turn them . over to officials of the' United Mfne. Workers - Union, has been-temporarily suspended by the " federal court of appeals at Chicago. In conse- -quence the “check-of” " continues, ‘of soft coal miners has not spread, and most of the Illinos miners who struck have gone . back to work. FY : The tax revislon bill, much amended since it Jeft the House, was by the Senate on the 8th. Offered amendments proposing & . sales tax and a_soldiers’ bonus were voted down. The bill s passed by the Senate pro- poses an appreciable reduction ‘of -the burden of taxation. For example: It is estimated that under its provisions the yleld from -federal taxes during the fiscal year 1923 would ap- proximately (be $2,725,000,000, ‘whereas under existing law it would be approximately §3,340,- 000,000, The public wil much appreciate rid- dance of “nuisance” taxes. The bill now goes * to conference. - The bill carrying a grant of 375,000,000 to supplemént state appropriations’ for road con- . struction ~nd improvement has been signéd by the President. Secretary Hoover has written a letter to . © Mayor Thompson of Chicago, rebuking him for refusing to accept and act upon the recomimes dations of the natlonal conference on unemplo; ment. - “The' mayors of every citx of impor- tance except yourself,” gays Mr. Hoover, “have The usual enthusiasm was displayed at the - * Kentucky eléctions; ten dead, seven wounded,- On Friday, after ceremoniés in which the most distinguished throng ever gathered on . American soll participated, the body of the unknown American soldier was placed in fits sarcophagus in Arlington cemetery. . * * k- . THE WASHINGTON CONFERENCE.—The . conference on the limitation of armament was formally opened Saturday morning jn Continen- tal Memorial Hall (the building of the Daughter’s of the American Revolution) with a speech of welcome by President Harding. in his speech at the London lord mayor’s banquet the other night, Lloyd George in.his" happy way stated &5 follows the extreme hope entertained of the Wavhington conference:- - “Every man and woman of British blood has been taught to regard a serious quarrel with America as unthinkable, and that atti- tude of -mind is-in itself a guarantee of peace between these two powerful communities. __“This conference, held under the auspices of the President of the United States of America is . an inculcation of similar attitudes toward and be- tween all peoples of the world, and when that Js achieved, and if it.is achieved at this as- sembly at Washington, the conference will be~ the greatest event the world has seen for nfne- teen hundred years.” * k ok .k < i IRELAND.—The king has proroguéd parlia- ment to January 30. Of course parliament can be reconvened at an -earlier date should Irish or other developments.make it necessary. In the Guildhall speech from which we have already quoted, Lloyd George said con- cerning Ireland: . “Last year I ventured here at this table to extend an invitation on behalf of the pepple of Great Britain to the people of Ireland, that they should quit the path of blood-drenched ferocities inevitable in all raclal feuds and come into the free partnership.of the.British empire as equals. . 1 cannot reveal any of the secrets of the conference room; that is the way to bring a confererice to naught. What I can say it this: There is a better prospect of that invitation being heeded today than at-any time . for years. ; One wonders whether .the premier spoke altogether advisedly about ‘the Irish business; whether the cheerful circumstances of- the * BY FRANCESCO NITTI ¢ the world-for the - strike - provided they be divided and shat- lord mayor's banquet may not have given' a rosy tinge to.his speculations. i + In a message to Secretary Hughes, Lloyd George expressed regret that the “intersely deli- .cate state of the lrish negotiations” prevented his presence at the opening of the Washington, * conference. Thu mere fact that the conference ° on Ireland continues after De Valera's miessage to.the Pope is sufficient proof -that the ‘Irish . - confereesare willing to concedé the principle of Irish allegiance to the British crown pro- vided they obtain sgtisfaction on other heads. The conference is Mbw stalled in the mire 6f thé Ulster question. Can a compromise be evolved which shall reconcile and atbne the prineiples of Irish alleglance. to the Erifish crown; of naval and military security of the empire; of Irish unity; of Irish independence, except for a shadowy allegiance and naval and military guarantees: of absolute security for Ulster, against coercion by the south, religious, fiscal, of whatever sort? That is’ the Irish * question, still unsolved. The king, In. his, speech proroguing parliament, recognizes that thé negotlations are in- an “intensely delicate state,” and exhorts, “the leaders of all parties n Ireland and all those in whose hands lies the power to, influence the ‘negotiations and discussians now proceeding to exercise. patience and_moderation.”" : » (A.dispatch just.received informs us that the ‘Ulster cabinet, now in%London, have emphati- . cally rejected tentative proposals offered -for their consideration by the British government, these proposals presumab'y ‘being .such as . has-been ascertained the Sinn Fein would ac- cept. . The Ulster cabinet will submit counter _proposals to the British government.) | Yo * ¥ ¥ ¥ q . GERMANY.—-Payment of the reparation- in- stallment of 500,000,000,000 gold marks due November 15 sgems to be assured through a loan from the great industrialists, (the repara- tions commission consented to postponement of- ‘the date'of payment to December 1), bit the gravest, doubt is felt about the next install- ment, due January ,15. In consequence of an alarming report from the allied comimlittee on . guarantees (whose headquarters is in Berlin,’ and whose function it is to follow closely financial, industrial and commercial develop- - ments in Germauny), the entire reparations commission (including its very immportant.ug:- official- member, Mr. Boyden) left Paris for, . Berlin on Monday to study the situation; to determine through what measures, if any, Germany may come up to time: to investigate that mysterious phenomenon, the depreciation of the German mark; to ascertain how &ar the apparent German difficulties are genuine, how far due to sabotage. 3 i Reports which hive come in sincé the above was written® cause doubt whether, after all, the “loan from the industrialists, which4s esseftial to meeting the November obligations, will be put through. The conditions laid down by the industrial ieaders. are expressed in cloudy language. According to some interpreters, for the government to accept them would be for the governmeht to vassalate itself to Stinnes,’ ‘Stresemann & Co., and -to abandon the ex- periment of state socialisq. Should the govern- ment refuse the conditions and the negotla- tions fall through, there would indeed be a serious crisis. Sundry reports allege the Germans have ac- quired ownership of important small arms and artillery manufactories in Holland, Switzer- land_and Sweden; especially Sweden. It is al- leged, also, that a large alrplane. factory in Switzerland {s owned and operated by Germans. e * k % * HUNGARY.—The Hungarian' ‘national as- . sembly passed the bill submitted by the regent,. Hotthy, which declares Charles of. Hapsburg dethroned and the house of Hapsburg-excluded for all time from the Hungarian throne. - Charles and the ex-queen, Zita, are mow on a British cruiser en route to Funchal, the capital * of the Madeiras, their future home. Czecho- slovakia has begun to demobilize, apparently satlsfied that the council of ambassadors will fulfill its promise to disarm Hungary as per the Trianon treaty. One should like news of de- velopments in the Burgenland, and’ assurance that Hungarian chauvinism has been perma- nently cowed. A, * % k k ALBANIA.—The council of ambassadors has at last reached a decision concerning ‘the Plans for Creating a Greater Armenia | reach as far resurrection of .greater Armen s Trebizond with im-|the se Albanfan boundarics. It " finds ~for ' Albanian claims agalnst those of Jugoslavia and Greece, * réstoring (with very slight modifications) the - boundaries declared and guaranteed by ~the powers at the London convention of 1913. The . councit of ambassadors has notified. Jugoslavia and Greece of its decision and.ordered ‘them to -evacuate Albanian territory: Jugoslav invad- ing_troops were, it is reported, almost within sight of Tierana, ‘the .Albanian capital, -when the ndte® ordering withdrawal ‘wassent to Belgrade. There is a possibility of unpleasant complications before the Albanian probiem, one of the- meanest of Balkan problems, is. finally- settled; but presumably ‘the Belgrade govern- ment will act seusibly, SO e - * % K o % * NEAR AND MIDDLE . EAST.—The new Franco-Turkish nationalist agreement has caused. great pain in London. It is also al- leged in some quarters that it caused surprise; but that Is nonsense.. The fact that Franklin Bouillon, who negotiated - the previous agree- ment which was rejected by the Angoran as- sembly, has ever since that . rejection con- tinuell in negotiation with the Angorians, making his .restdence chlefly ‘at Angora, was well known to the British. The British press ‘is very bitter. “France has tried to jump all sorts of claims by taking {solated action-of her own.”™ told the supreme council at its last meeting that the treaty of Sevres mo longer existed. With its demise Krance was no longer wunder any absolute obligation to acgord her policy respect- ing the Turk-with Britain's. been quite frank and open In the business. The rejected agreement, from which -the one mno; concluded does not eventually differ, was made in London with the full Knowledge of and without protest from the British government. ‘1t is stated that Lord- Curzon hds. sent a ‘note of protest to Paris, which will be cabled to Briand at ‘Washington. Briand will doubtiess have* sufficlent answer ready, and the Brigish goverhment, being sports, will acknowledge that _they have, been beaten at the diplomatic_game, and let ft go at that. It is a pity that French , ‘and British policies regarding the near and middle east are sp far apert, but such Jas been . and is' the fact, known to everyhod. . 3 -One .point made by the ‘aggrieved British. Jourpslists really deserves notice. May a mandatory, they ask, chuck its mandate with- out reference. to_the league of natiops? If so, what bedomes of the mandate system. ahd, for that matter, of the league of nations? I leave the question unanswered. . "One must regret that France should .find - it necessary to give up Cilicia. The plain of Tarsus is one of the most fertile districts of the world. Its fertility will_count for little in the future, as it has courited for little in the past, under-the Turkish rule. And despite’ the guarantees of the rights of inorities n the new agreement, one must be apprehensive concerning - the fate of the remnant of those Armenians who sought shelter in Cilicia because France had accepted the mandate therefor. . (I notice a dispatch just receivéd . which throws some doubt on the authenticity of the reports on which the above gs based, but T incline to believe those repofts substantially - accurate.) -* ¢ e . It is reported that the Greeks are pleading for allied mediation. in their war with'” the Turkish nationalists.” ' - > * %k * k- JAPAN.—It ig devoutly to be wished that the situation created in Japan by: the murder of Premier Hara: will- settle itself quickly, happlly and firmly. Prince Saionji, one of -the three elder statesmen, is being.urged to ac- .cept: the premiership; he'is especially desired hecause of the conmfidence felt thaf’'he could hold together the present cabinet.- The prince hesitates, chiefly. on-account of his great age (he is seventy-seven.) Were Admiral Kato of the - Japanese delegation at Washington now in Japan he would doubtiess be the choice for premier. Happily, there is little likelihood of the opposi- tion party displacing the present government. It is readily seen how.such a change might. have a lamentable effect on' the Washington . conference. . The murderer of Premier Hara is not, as the first reports gave out, a Korean, but the son of a samurai, one of-a rather numerous class of malcontents who'have inherited the pride without ‘the privileges and emoluments of their forefathers. - - - - TOLD Quite’ true.. But Lloyd George himself - The French have o pnd to -had been devised without-an outlet to without the vilayet of Krze- REPUBLIC OF PANAMA HIGHLY PROSPEROUS ' Fiflénées.in-Gooa Condition and Tax | Are Low—Other Latin American - Nations Sl'_lqw In'lprovem.ent. BY BEN McKELWAY. INANCIALLY and economically sound, with her native indus- tries and natural regources de- veloping under the guidance of & sympathetic administration, Panama, ofters great opportunity for the desir- able immigrant, according to' Dr. DON | entertained .at the Brazilian embassy Eusebio A. Morales, minister of|The mission was also received by offl finance of Panama, who is here to|clals of the United States Chamber o taio ap with: government sad bank- | Commerce ~ and the *'Pan-Americas Cnion, ing officials questions relating to our| Santos, the port of Sao Paulo, througl fiscal relations with the isthmian re-; Which approximatel$ two-thirds of th- public. world's ‘supply of coffee passes, sen D : this mission to the United States t “Panama is very sound economically | negotiate _better commerciah under and financially,” Dr. Morales states.!standing between .coffee men in th: “The country is gradually Increasing{United States and, Brazil. The vist - | her iwealth as a result of the success-| will 'be returned the first of next yea: ful operation of the .canal, and -her|by a mission composed of Americat native resources receive a new impulse | Breen coffee men, roasters and retailers every day. During the three | who will sail for Sao Paulo from Nev vedrs the treasury has accumulated | York some time in January. 2 surplus of mearly $4,000,000, which{ The Brazilian mission is now on 4 fow 15 being uped in'the construction | ShOrt. tour of the United States. whicl B s, Wyatem of E0od roads,|includes New Orleans, §t. Louis ant We have a fund of $6,000,000 invested The nlgls:;onwxmgg;? 3, Car in New York, bearing interest at 5| ¢ ot the per cent, 1o which may be.added the, thamber, of commerce of Sagto; 0! 13250000 "annuity paid by the United|berto de fHloac, secretary of the cham. ber; Achille Israel, one of the directon Shates uidgeriho ferms of ‘the canalio¢ fhe Santos chamber and president o e v 10w, |the Americah Chamber of Commerce ‘Taxafidn: in Panama is very 10W.|(here, and Brenno de Camargo, secre Estimating the yearly average ex-ltary of the mission. Accompanying the pense of government maintenance atimiggion on its tour are Sabastiao Sam- $4,500.000 and- deducting receipts fl“"'“lpalo. commercial attache of -the Bra- mvestment and the annuity paid by !zijlian embassy here, and Theodore Lan- this country, the balance to be ob- taimed from taxation is only $3.200. 000, or 36/40 per capita. This low per capita tax Is one of the big @duce- | ments to foreign immigration. _ - “Panama's prospects are Wight. With ‘the full assurance now that we: are not to be involved In war or revo- lution, the country is growing stead- ily, property is becoming more secure, credit is used more and more and values are increasing. e have land of-every description, from sea level, where the climate is hot and damp, 105,000 and_ 6,000 feet above sea level, where the climate is like perpetual spring. We need immigration. We: need agriculturists, catile growers, fruit growers; and we are willing to furnish the land. e hope the con- struction of good roads will do much to0 open the way for good, hard-work- ing white immigrants. “We have had in Panama in opera- tion since 1904 a monetary agreement with the United States which has been very beneficial to our commerce and to our industries. .When in al- most_every. country today the dollar is at a premium,: we can tramsfer money from Panama to the Lnited | German chiefly—is directed largely to States at the nominal_rate 6f one-[investment in the petroleum industry. fourth of 1 per cent. But our silver|. The success of recent American currency disappeared during the war|loans seems:to have made a good im- on account of .the high price of the!pression in Brazil, and business is re- metal, and we have.been using your |viving, sales showing a marked in silver currency and notes, which, ac- | crea cording to our agreement with the| Chile shows no immediate prospects United States, are not legal tender in|of staging a_revival in trade. al- Panama. The situation requires some ! though the improvement noted modification in our agreement, and:September and October has _con- this is one of the questions I hope to | tinued, Commercial Attache McQueen settle while in the United States” ireports from Santiago. Foreign Dr. Morales came to Washington di- trade is inactive, he reports, although rect from Mexico, where he repre-|imports are gradually increasing sented his government at Mexico's | Mr. McQueen urges Americans to re- centennial celebration. He states the | main in the fleld, although the send- government there has every indica-{ing of representatives at present may tion of being firmly established. He|prove unprofitable. The future should : | has only pragse for President Obregon | be considered, however, he states, and and his cabinet and believes our plans made to take advantage of the recognition of the new government is|revival in business which.is on its . very desirable. 2 < i * ok xE The Ecuadorean minister visited the State Degartment last week and pre- serrted to Undersecretary Fletther nd Sumner Welles, chief of theLatin American ‘division, L. A. Dillon of Guayaquil, .manager of the Com- mercial Bank of Spanish America, Ltd. Mr. Dillon states that excellent opportunity -exists for investment of American capital in Ecuador and calls attention to the present rate of ex- change, which, he says, is advanta- geous to such investment. Labor in Ecuador is very cheap, he says, and Ecuadbrean money is sound, Public works offer the best inducements, he states, to investment by American with New York bankers and exporter in regard to the present investmen and trade, situation in Ecuador. * ® ¥ ¥ A - Brazilian coffee mission, ‘sent 8 the United States by the state of Sa Paulo to attend the national coffee con vention in New York, came to Wash irgton last week and was received an representing the the B de Menezes, Brazilian _Society for . Promoting Use of Coffee. ¥ kK ¥ The mission representing the state of Guatemala, Honduras and Salva. dor.of the United States of Centra! Ameriea, sent to this countr: recognition by the United S the new republjc, reached Washing- ton last week. It is composed of Xr Francisco Lima of Salvador. Jose Malos of Guatemala and Dr. Vincente Mejia Colindres of Honduras. * Ok kK Recent reports of the United States Department of Commerce show a gradual but continued improvement in economic conditions in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Peru, aithough ex- ports and imports in those countries show no appreciable increase. In Argentina German activity is marked and, imports from Germany continue to’ increase with a corre- sponding decrease in_imports from the United States. Foreign capital in Argentina—British, American and way. (R ‘A marked increase is shown in the establishment of foreign branches and agencies other than the United States, he reports, which shows that European competitors are preparing to develop good will and make their plans for the future. The proposed -loan of $50,000.000 to Peru, to be guaranteed by customs Teceipts, under American supervisio: has done_much ‘to brighten the situ- ation in Peru, according to Commer- cial Attache Dunn, reporting from Lima. A committee of New York bankers is due int Lima the latter part of this month to negotiate for the Toan and for the establiishment of a national bank of issue. to which op- position, at first manifested by local banks, is said to be diminishing. tered, nothing else matters.. German (Former Premier of Ttaly). Austria, reduced to a minimum, may HE two wards of the Entente, Poland and Greece, and inore especially Poland, find them- selves in a situation which gives rise to the gravest- anxiety. Even an excessive.love of. parents for their oftspring .may prove harmful and eventually lead -to the ruin of those very children whom they wished promptly and should Serbia be forced | * to abide by dictates arrived #t by tre league and foreien offices of allied governments individually another big stride will have been taken toward convincing the smaller countries of Europe that the league is a going concern in 8o far as Europe is con- Ie::;.'o:& (04 junwarranted = actions 0 eventual st 3 leading ¢ rife will not. be capitalists. * Mr. Dillon will confer ans, have acted before Serhia has had opvortuni: 14 hag had oEm ty of carrying out portant outlets on the.sea and-to|roum and without the territories in comprise - the vilayet of Er:emum.rwhlch the Armenians do ndt really : é ity, > where the Armenlan now consUtule | Moula mot only hive recognized the I HOW MONROE DOCTRINE istakey. : . new state of Armenia, which the MAY BE AFFECTED BY THE ARMS CONFERENCE So, nobody any 'longer mentioned g:ver have. much difficulty in doing, (Continued from First Page.) never be united to Germany owing to of its. members. Will this be the Monroe doctrine of. the far east, and will it be upheld by the European and |South American members of “the league? Will it serve Japan's pur- pose? 3 ‘What will be the attitude of the United . States toward the American Monroe doctrine on the one hand and the Monroe doctrine of the far east on | the other? ‘If the purpose of the ad- * ok ok % And, with the warnings of the al- led ambassadors in Belgrade; with 5 the announcement that boundary lines of Albania shall continue practically as they were in 1913, and the calling ticipants in the league of nations. There are important German calohtes in ghe Baltic republics, and well oVer | the small Armenian state, round the but they would have respected it as Lake of Van, a secure haven and ret- [ Such. . uge for Armenians, but only greater | But In the case of the Turks, as Armenta, In opposition to her foTer the poiicy has been deliberately fol- . 5 -] lowed of “depriv em of as much t'is a pity,” wisely remarked Mon-| torritory as possible; the wards of 000,000 Germans in Poland. Czeko- slovakia, too, without the least need ing them, has 4,000,000 Germans out As a result, Czekoslovakia is in the throes of deep internal trouble, and manufacturer's future, ' «cornucopia. et aeta * k ¥ % ‘When Dan A. Sutherland, delegate from: Alaska to the United States House of Repreésentatives, went on his honeymoon eleven years ago he Capital Sidelights| BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Most members of Congress seem to think that one of their first duties in ‘Washington is to boast loudly and not always too conscientiously about the greatness of their home district. Sen ator Park Trammell of Fiorida has the advantage just now over most of his colleagues,.for he can quote from official records—a book just gotten out by W. A. McRae, state commis- sioner of agriculture, and well known here—to prove the following claims that “Florida Is First:” In diversity of food products, in value per acre of farm products, in untilled area that is tillable, in num- ber of growing days, in phosphate production, -in naval stores produc- otion, in fullér's earth production, in fishing industries, in area of standing timbBer, in muck solls, in - length of | Mog C0'0 PaVe had to care for the coast line, in variety of trees, in va- 200 miles in nine days from Nulato, a little settlement on the Yukon. to trip from’ Washington to Massachu- sotts and through the Berkshire mountains, about ten times ‘the length of their heneymoon trip, in less time. ‘When Mr. Sutherland was elected ture of the territory of Alaska he walked from his home camp, Ruby, to the capital at Juneau, a matter of 610 miles, and Qid it at the rate of twenty-five miles a day, although lhe' thermometer was registering from 50 to 60 degrees below zero. He explains this long walk by saying it was easier than going by \dog team. since | og’s. It's a far cry from the slumberin little city of Salem, Mass., made faE mous by Hawthorne, to the farther- to favor. < s Poland and Greece are crushed -un- der the weight of. territories which they cannot possibly maintain or as- similate; but as their political educa- tion is fundamentally mistaken, they 1 and his bride journeyed by dog team | quite\ disregarding the decisions of the peace. treaty, Upper 'Silesia _in the ‘face of the ple- Iditatod, a new mining camp. This|biccites and Vilna, summer they made an automobilejof the treaty; Gr jand aims at reducing to a minimum the power of the Turks in Anatolia, which should be the last otfoman haven of refuge. - As much has been granged to them, even beyond their wild eight vears ago to the first legisla- | Poles belleve that their kafety lies in further ‘expansion. signs_ prove_ successful, would be a_Polish republic, in which Poles would be in the minority. ‘Also. otlier countries. such as Czeko- slovakla, and responsible persons, damaged. rather than benefited by certain excessive concessions. Hatred for the Germanic-peoples as a whole has become 5o intense that, clamor for more territories, Poland demands in open deflance e wants Smyrna Should their de- the result though governed. by serious have been * * ¥ most northwest, whence Sutherland came to Congress, but twenty-three years ago he was In charge of a re- tail fish business in that quaint old Massachusetts town that still smacks of colonial days and sailing vessels. He heard the call of the new Eldora- do and started for the gold field to make his fortune. It took him sev- enty-one days to make the trip from Sitka to St. Michaels in a flat-bottom river boat that with extreme good luck weathered the high seas. Likej the famous Aeneas, he was “much tossed about both on land and sea.” Tt was in 1902 and 1903 that Mr. Sutherfand made a comfortable for- tune from a placer mine at Council, which he worked with hydraulic equipment. * % % * Here's a little story that is. being told by members of the House appro- priations committee as illustrating the high cost of untangling govern- ment red tape and explaining why some business men do not want to take government jobs. A couch in the office of a district attorney im .the middle west needed repairs. The at- torney notifled the custodian of the building, who was also collector of in- ternal revenue, who in turn notified the Treasury Department, and finally the supervising architect in Wash- ington notified the custodian to adver- tise for bids. It cost $39,60 for the advertisements. When the bids were forwarded to Washington, the con- tragt let and the.work done—the .re- pairs actually cost $3.94. But an in- spector had to go out and approve ‘the job. It dldn’t sult him, and he got into a row with the contractor. Then the chief inspector took a trip out to settle the row. The job done on the couch looked good to him, and nine 8 the | months later the contractor got Uncle ya. Sam’ eck for: $3.94. 1t. took se, the. filim-maker’s | Uncle nearly a year and cost him homeseeker’s - goal, the 'more than $500,to spend that §3.94. n sisal hardist's lotus opportunity,’ the ances a year, the world, the- fisher- man's - dream,”.the Visitor From Panama sion Here on Fiscal Mis; and_developments ocon! under way presents a tusity for the right sort tion.” Dr. 3 Pap- ama at Mexico’y recent celebration of her cemtenmial, - - LT opper- of immigra- hopes, the |1 will never sicceed in digesting her Germans, who are not only geograph- ically and ethnically, but for reasons of sentiment, indissolubly bound to Germany. . Purely German_ towgs, such as Pllsen, Karlsbad, Reichen- berg, etc. selves to b a slovaks. They have progressed 100 far to permit others to tread them under foot-and assimilate them. The casual manner in which Ger- mans and Magyars have been as- signed here and there is and will con- 'tinue to_be one of the fundamental causes of the instability of peacé. * kK K will neyer w them- @ clause in the treaty which required the unanimous consent of all the par- r al H e absorbed’ by the Czeko- whp took an open stand against Italy the Fiume question, laying stress upon and exaggerating all the argu- ments calculated to harm her cause, could lpok upon the partitioni of Ger- man .and Magyar peoples with the greatest indifference. Never as in this case were his fourteen points so open- 1y denied! s But one of the most characteristic nistakes of the entente has-been tha of talking about a “greater Armenia’ without first reconmstructing even & “little Armenia.” : During the war the .entente had never mentioned Armenia, as it was afraid_to offend Russia, rhich, far from giving up anythin; ant to go as far as Constantinople, The col- lapse ‘of jmperial Russia has been a fortune for the civilization of “the world and above all for the future of Italy. What would have.been Italy’s fate had Russia occupled the straits, thus controlling the Mediterranean with Jugoslavia as an advanced sen tinel at Fiume (accotding to the-pact of London) .and in the Adriatic? Not even Wilson, in his famous mes sage of June 8, 1918, which.embodied his program, had thought fit to men- tion Armenia. S . R T But, all of a sudden, certain relig- ious _societies and philanthropists started a vast movement for the con- stitution .of a free ‘Armenia {(which was an excellent 'ided) and for the " OFFICIAL U. S. GUNMEN. Secretary of Agr!gl{ltn!a Has Squad That Shoots to Kill. ment of Agriculture—although few realize the fact—has under his com- .mand an organized band of guninen. This is a band of triinéd hunters of wild animals tl roam. the western | lion, about $1,000 worth of live stock; stock. Uncle Sam took up this work. in 1915 and the total‘kill of predatory animals durtng <the six-year cam- paign is: Four hundred and six bear: 17,842 bobcats and lynxes, 133,604 coyotes, 668 mountain.llons and 3,630 wolves. The average arnual destruc-. tion by these animals is estimated to ‘or, -each ~wolf and mountain about $1,000 - of live stock; coyote and .bobcat, $50 warth, each stock-killing . bear, about | $500 worth. - The famous Custer wolf, recently killed, dastroyed .more “than’ $25,000. worth ‘of cattl Tion, each and of a total population of u.on.uo.l A We cannot conceive why Wilson. | talgne, “that ome géts a.headache after being drunk; if the headache were to. come before, nobody -would ever get drunk:” It is the same ‘with dreams of greatnes: 28 Turkey was to lose all her European possessions ‘with' _the - exception -of Constantinople and its territory (such is the line of Ciatalgia); later she was to lose in Asia Minor, Smyrna, namely, 45 per_cent:of her revenues; she lost practically’ the whole of the Arab population: Cilicia, _Syria, Meso- potamia, Palestine. What. was left to her? Nothing but the barren ter- ritory of Anatolia.’ " the entente, namely, the newly found- ed states, are either struggling with the: greatest difficulties, as witness Poland and Greete, or do not succeed in emerging at all. After so much has been said ‘and written in favor of Armenia, we have arrived at a point when no -one will - accept. the mandate.for Armenia, not the entente powers of Europe,” not the United States of Americh, not even Norway, which, on being requested, flatly -re- fused. And thus, wishing to found a greater Armenia, we have not -even.| succeeded in founding® a little "Ar- menia, and the Turks, after having R lost nearly everything, are obliged At to ask themselvés if a state of per- Now, the formation of a greater Ar-| manent revolt does not represent : n e to pre s ‘situa 'of Erzeroum, which. Is the center of | tion " which wears out Turkey less Turkish nationalism inhabited, - ac- than it does her enemies, and If it cording to reliable statistics, by 676,- | be not the most adapted for a' suc- 000 Moslems, 4,800 Greeks and léss | cessful islamic policy. 3 ; than 135,000 Armenians - : Moderation s a great sourcé of Tarkey 13 used o bear and be pi-| GreEiE Bt O e rereive one tient, but a people. robbed of “"y_! uals, but. to.states. An excessive Iove thing is pushed to desperation. Gl‘lll“‘doflvel from an_excess of hatred for or.Armenla, as outlined -by Eresident | th ished, h o O S etalcion not only s | e e, b o s ien Turkey, but also to Georgia and Azer- | those which the ententé had-in view. bajan, which_ will' elther once more (Copriiat: 1881 form part of Russia or become auton- omous states. During, the conference. of San Remo, over which T presided, President Wel- son addressed a message in the form of a reminder, if not of .3 reproof, to the European powers of the-entente because they had not yet proceeded to constitute the state of Armenia, based on the program of a greater Armenia. The Armenians are a mercantile, rather than a warlike race; to. con- stitute Armenia, as one of Turkey's obligations, according to the treaty of Sevres, is well and gobd. But the obligation must be sanctioned. Now not one of the European states has consented to accept the mandate for Armenia, and the United States < s of America after having, through Wil- &l son’s message, advocated a Ereater Armenia, were even more unwHling than the others,to have any direct participation’in the matter. =~ Ax k- k k. 3 Probably if 8 new. Armenian state Poor Peer Wnb Only . Acres of Land 7,000 Species From Kew Botanic Gu'dan Expected to Prove Valuable. Secretary Wallace of the Depart-|' “Jack and his famous beanstalk” are still puzzling the agricultural ‘sci- entists. Prof. C. V. Piper ‘of the United States Department of Agricul- ture says that he. is' close on’ the trail of newysvalusble specles. -He has borrowed all of the dried specl mens-of thé jack bean and its unu‘ NEW BEAN STALK FORJACK ! froin the royal .botanic garden at oD Tt ota worid ana | - teen’ species.’in the old world 38 more thar thi in’ the new, world, he| fHigh-tazstion and the high cost of explains.’ I(I:g of -the dried g;zl. Iiving is the réason given by Rt. Hon. mens collected by-old-exploring:éxpe- { Okaries Robert ‘Spencer, “sixth Earl ditions are as-much as 100 years old. | Spencer, for-hix pleas of poverty. The The study which Prof..Piper is con- | earl has decided to close for an'in- tinuing has distlossd that an entirely undescribed: species.with larger seeds than any other known.is cultivated in. certain-districts in Africa, and efforts are.being made'to secure fresh seeds, 28 it looks valuble: ¢ - e <iyini s Kew, London. !d\‘mr policy, on the ground that reports ! 1shii” si iMr Lansing admitted that he feared for some newly born countries, which | ministration and the American dele- gates to the arms conference § in- terpreted cotrectly, Ambassador Har- vey meant that the conference:chal- lenges neither the league of nations nor the Monroe doctrine. The former is Furopean essentially, the latter American. Cannot both live and serve 2 _useful purpose? _ ° 1s the American Monroe doctrine in danger in the face of presemt prob- lems? Will it give way to what Woodrow Wilgon, at Mobile in 1913. called “a epiritual union”? Will the moral factors which have gustained the Monroe doctrine in the past, be.. sufficient to sustain it in the future? Is it true that the doctrine is as strong as our Army and Navy? Is so will it disappear with limited arm2 ment and _perhaps disarmament These are questions the future miu - . answer. . WOMEN ARMS WRITERS T00 LATE FOR OPENIN- Z revealed when former Secretary of Btate Lansing appeared before the Senate committee on forelgn affairs in July, 1919, and illuminated the Lans- ing-Ishii ent of November, 1917. Mr. Lansing ‘explained that® the agree- ment ‘was made “to reafirm the open were being spread as to. the purpose of Japan to take advantage of the situ- atiorf created by the war, to extend her influence over China—her political in- fluence.” it “gpecial” or “Paramount.” Mr. Lansing testified that Viscount uggested -the use of the words Japan's_special interests” in the far east, and urged that there should be a “Monroe doctrine for the far east.”” Viscount Ishii and Japan understood “spectal interests” to mean “paramount. interests.”: In his note to the Japanese ambassador, Mr. Lansing stated “the United States recognizes Japan has spe- clai - interests in China.” The colloquy between Mr. Lansing and several senators on this delicate and.- important’ matter, is interesting and- illuminating. It Teveals Japan's state of mind concerning the American ‘Monroe doctrine and a possible *‘Monroe doctrine for the fdr east.”” Wil] this complicate the arms confreence, when The far east problems are reached? Not entirely dissociated’ with this matter, perhaps, is ‘the famous Anglo- 'Japanese: treaty,.'under the of Which: England and Japan agree to come to each othens assistance “if ‘an unpro wvoked attack or aggressive action on either” occurs. .In case of war on either by a third nation, Bpgland and Japan “will conduct the war in common and make peace in mutual - The avowed purpose of the treaty is “the' consolidation’ and maintenance of peace in eastern Asia and l‘ndlf';hEnxi - apan’s s n India an :v‘::‘mm;h: fi'fi.nd"?m fensive and de- |the delegates gathered. e fomevie backing In the new relations| Nothing daunted, however, the: which -Japan es toward Asiatic |Scribes of the gentler sex remaint ountries. at their posts on the steps of the con ference hall determined to gain ad mittance. 5 Bach tried one method to get by the guard, and when it falled sh. waited awhile and then essayed other means. . Bluff, argument, sweetness, jollying winning ways, smiles and gruff de- mands all fell flat on the soldier at the door. that Many Ways to Gain Admittanc But Soldier Is Firm. Among those present at the fi meeting of the arms conference’yest day ‘was a strong contingent of wom’ newspaper correspondents, admitted there to get human Interest sid lights on-the parley. Some came i taxis, some in limousines and mor on foot, but most of them arrived D. A. R, Hall late, and this w. u function where a late arrival lookc tmportant, for the doors were" clos to all, even with passes, shortly afte - Delicate Situation. This -is: the delicate situation_in- volvad in the far east problem. It is still further complicated by the po- litical division of Chida; and Japan maintains that it will- be imppssible to secure._the- “gpen, door” 4n a eommercially until China is united. Will Japan clam the privilege and| e S00% \ 1po great thron he is very proud. It was sent to.hing by his mother, who is a famous D. A. R-ter. Although ninety-six years of age, she neatly hemstitched this bit the right to unite China politically? (¢ "gaiting. alons the sidewalk for What will be tho ultimate effect com-| 5 giimpse of the celebrities rematked the far east develop into a new “Mon- | meeting of the powers had started g S RSty M supplying a brilliant bit of it Hotiros doctrine jeopardised; if at all Yoemselvon : by the east on thé one hand an: e west on the other?. rnhm OF HIS HANDKERCHIEF Obviously Americs must enforce the doctrine or absndon it Abat | Herbert D. Brown. chief' of .the nt seems: impossible. at leastiUnited States bureau of efficiency and npopular. Such a cpurse would !directed by President Harding in an arouse public sentimént as it was|executive order’ to establish an effi- aroused in 1919, when the doctrine|ciency -rating for government em- Was overlooked-in the original dratt Capital, is - of “the le: of ns, and pro- tected in'as -flm-m-m« ‘way,- after Protests from patriots, £ ‘As to » Monroe doctrine of the far east, can that exist in harmony with the policy of olih-"‘am floo‘r"'f .v‘:un "'a"fl:? uvlm.h I-E:dumw’-‘um-n nations, . daintily, worked..a one G ievs *eXternal meornur. She ‘'was an fowa 3 be- ty]fore thé days df the that opened up the great west. X { Those Who Are Locked Out Try - -