Evening Star Newspaper, September 11, 1921, Page 31

“ 1o get a sane balance as between agri- EDITORIA NATIONAL PROBLEMS SPECIAL ARTICLES L PAGE Part 2—12 Pages FARMERS NOT TO GET A CLASS PROSPERITY Agricultural Bloc in to Program Which Lo"oks‘ tb,‘Better Times for Whole Peoplg' BY WILL P. KENNEDY. NY program for legislation de signed to beget a permanént, stable prosperity for the farmers must be in accord with a legis- Istive program for gemeral industrial Pprosperity. This is the corner stone on which the joint commission of agricul- wyral inquiry will build its report to Con- &tess. The first section of this report ! Il be ready for Congress when it re-: assembles, and the other section is ex- Pected to be ready by December 1. t The findings of this commission, which Bas been giving intensive study to the general industrial situation since July 1, are principally and primarily designed. | contrary to general expectation, to pro- \note a general, gradual, dependable im- provement in the whole industrfal and | economic situation, rather than in class legislation for the farmers. Little Legislation Needed. The most important fact that this in- ‘westigation has developed is that outside of legislation which will remove the ob- stacles that now stand in the way of successful farm organization, and that will affirmatively give the farmers the same credit facilities that industry gen- : erally has, there isn't much that legis- lation can do. The commission will emphasize that it | must be kept in mind that the country | is prosperous or unprosperous as. a whole. While you can temporarily leg- islate improved gonditions for one class | or another in relation to the whole, you can’t havé agricultural prosperity un- less you have general prosperity. In order to make the farmer prosperous, in addition to doing those things that will afford the tarmer adequate facilities for doing his business, for which the gov: ernment can properly furnish the ma- chinery (such as credits)—you make the farmer prosperous by doing things that make the country as a whole prosper. Way Open to Prosperity. That means that the joint commission finds that something has to be done about the railroads, as something has already been done to facilitate exports; something has to be done on tariff, to reduce government expenditures, to es- tablish confidence on the part of in- dustry and agriculture, both. The éom- mission finds that the situation has now developed so that industry and agricul- ture can go forward with some confi- dence that the conditions will not be changed by any wild fluctuation in) prices. So. to be makd definlts, thié COmmis- sion will recomniend: * First—The pagsage of a bill some- thing like the Volstead-Capper bill, affirmatively aythorizing farmers’ co- operative unfons. Second—It will recommend legisla- that will set up machinery for shing the farmers credit for six nionths to three years or more 50 as to iill the gap between the long-time credit furnished by the national and- state banks and the farm loan organi- , zations, including the farm loan asso- ciation, and the short-time credit now jurnished by the national and state Lanks. The Volstead-Capper bill is already in"the works. Representative Sidney Y. Anderson of Minnesota, chairman of the joint commission for agricul- tural inquiry, is drafting a bill to cover the credit features which he! will press for action when Congress | reassembles. Seeking a Same Balance. There will also be other minor recommendations in the form of a proposed agricultural p: m, the whole question being considered from the standpoint of industry as a whole, 1 1 culture and industry and the relative importance in any future scheme of agricultural development of wool, cattle or wheat raising. This is very important at this time, for it'is pretty clear to the members| of the joint commission and to other | specialists who have been studying conditions that the people of the United States will never again eat as much meat per capita as they have during the last three years. The limits of range, the tremen- dous losses of the cattle men suffered during the last eighteen months or two years, the relatively small per capita of cattle on the farms now— all point to a meat shortage. On the’ average meat prices are apt to be so high that meat consumption will ! be relatively smaller than it has been heretofore. “We are being trans- formed from a meat-eating nation to a nation of bread eaters,” Chairmin Anderson ‘says his investigations show. Kept to Major Lines. The resolution under which the Joint commission has been conducting its inquiry is very broad, s¢ that it could make a study of almost sny- thing under the sun. On account of the time limit the commission has to confine its inquiry to the major lines on which it seemed possible to reach some conclusions, as follows: (1) The present condition of the farmers and the factors that caused this condition. (2) Adequacy of the credit machin- ery of the country from the stand- point of agricultural production and marketing. (3) Adequacy of transportation facilities, reasonableness of transpor- tation rates, from the -viewpoint of lowering agricultural prices. (4) The question of distribution (which comprehends the whole scheme of getting the products of the farm tc the ultimate consumers), including the proper field of co-operative organ- izetion. . ‘The inquiry covering the first and cnd items in this program has been sleted and Chairman Anderson _}uquiry on the third and fourth items jother as they may:affect the relative | Has His Eye on E-Sé;t Congress Cominittesl ¢ t port when Congress comes back. The is still progressing and the regort will probably not be made before De- cember 1. It is apparent that the pecessary dig-up on which to arrive at conm- clusions could not be: made on the basis of original investigation or Te- search. So the joint commission had to make points of contact with the departments of thé government, such as Agriculture and Commerce, with various industrial and commercial as- sociations, farm organizations, rail- road and shippers’ organizations, and establish in these’ organizations cer- tain committees which ‘were' asked to furnish certain ' spe¢ific information on the basis of questionnaires. For example, in the case of the rail- roads, more -than ninety question- naires have been sent out, based on this transportation analysis: (1)- The relation of freight costs to—(a) the price received by the agriculturist for his ‘product, (b) the price paid by the agriculturist for his' necessities, ' (¢) the price paid for agricultural prod- ucts by the ultimate -consumer. (2) The relationship of freight cost (to- tal) of one agricultural product to the difference in the .prices received by the producer. Sorvice—(3) The relationship of sup- ply and shortage to'the prices re- ceived by the agriculturist. Dollar relationships—(4) What -re- lationship exists between the purchas- ing power of the. agriculturist’s ‘dallar, the railroad dollar and the railroad employe’s dollar? " (5) ,A study of in- land waterway transportation—its present and potential relatfonship’ to agriculture and the railroads. (6): A similar study of motor transportation. (7) a similar, study of coastwise traf- fle. (8) A study of the voluie of ex- ports and imports of. agricultural products. (9) Does .normal or “in- creased volume of rallroad.traffic in agricultural prodtcts . mean' that freight rates are, or-are .not, .“more than the traffic will bédr”?.7(10)° To what extent are the existing leVels of freight rates responsible for:the Je- flation in prices recetved by the agri- | culturist-for his prodnu? 3 Summary—(11)- ing; first, that rates must, of necéssity, be related to the tremd .of econgmic and market conditions; and, second; assuming that at_present ratés ‘oihot bear théir proper relationghip to economic-con- ditions and price levels, what factors impede proper readjustments? - (13) Turnover as: .related to lofl and through rates, ‘While the joint commhllon has had practically no personnel of its.own, in this way it has had thousauds: of expert statisticians employed: by the railroads working- on ‘the answers -to these questions. ‘Similarly it has had hundreds of experts worklng(nn the credits problem, , . Good Already lu-na. St So that the commission’s réport will show statistically just what the-in- dustrial situation is and where each cent went all along ‘the line between the producer and the consumer, each agency in the economic scheme—the railroads, the grain elevators, the market men—all along the line, have been checked, each against the other, to get down to the real facts for the first time. The report is being work- ed out with great economic detail. Already the work of the commis- sion along this line has borne good ! fruit, for men who thought they knew all about their own business when called upon to answer specifi- cally in these questionnaires found out_they knew very little and have set about reforming .their own busi- ness in the light of their new concep- tion. In this way many things have already been eliminated which were brought to the surface by the inquiry of the Anderson commission. It must not be lost sight of that one of the big facts which developed immediately when the commission set to work was the absolute neces sity for additional éredit to market crops, both here and abroad. - That situation was temporarily taken care of by emergency legislation amend- ing the war finance act. * In the Senate Chamber | - WASHINGTON, ' D. ' C. . SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER_ ‘11, 1921. Congress Dlscbvers the President - To Be. aF 1rst-C1ass Fi BY 'N. 0. MESSENGER. RESIDENT HARDING. has had a hard summer, ds far as work and responsi- bility go, but nobody would ever know by reasén ‘of complaining on his part, and he is at this time getting ready, for a busy fall and & hard winter. If he can get in one motfe short spell of vacation and rest before Conatess reassembles, September 2T, he will be ready for the rigors of the game-of statesman- ship—world and domestic—and. fit ito takeé on all comers. He has worked harder and played, less than- most Presidents, but he has been compensated for his industry by receiving the plaudits of the nation for the record of his administration. as a fixed policy. to take the place of - pire next June. ‘the wisést' measures ur ‘with want and starvat workers to these * % % X One of the chdracteristics of President Hayding is his tenacity.of purpose in ‘“follow- ing up” projects once started.upon. He does not propose an :undertaking, take unto himself the acclaim of the public, and then let the af- fair languish or drop, and turn to smother. He has the faculty of carrying on with more than one subject at the same time, and in the midst of energetic efforts in behalf of a current proj- ect he ‘will swiftly turn about and speed. up energies of departments on other pending ques- tions of public import. There was the case of the economy. drive in public expenditares. . When he put Gen. Dawes at the head of the budget and announced, that the general and his associates. would make slashing. reductions in Uncle, Sam’'s outlay, some.of the doubting Thomases wagged their beards and predicted that after 3 little flurry of, energy, economy would be dropped and the departments would go on as usual, spending, all they cculd get and asking for more. rush of immigrants far, apd that before of ment Gfllll outside * hitherto have opposed labor. The allen in more conspicuous durk loyal participation in > record, “the ‘undesirab] more glaring colors. * % ¥ ¥ : But it didn’t turn out that way. The pre- dicters did not know their Harding nor their Dawes when they made those cynical foreca: The President and Gen. Dawes kept right after the.spenders with a sharp stick, with the re- sult that it finally. dawned upon the open- handed dispensers of appropriations that the President . was in earnest. Onme can almost visualize a2 smile on Mr. Harding's face as he penned the lines, in his letter to Senator Mc- Cormick: “Moreover, I am happy to assure you that the administrative departments are now in full sympathy with the program of rigorous and ' unremitting economy, through which, I belleve, we will be able in the next year to cover back into the Treasury so large a sum that the aggregate of taxation may be reduced to $3,500,000,000 a year.” possible, Is expected The debate the treaty. One would * %k % % ‘K«n em Vdown"’ is‘the watchword of the administratioh Yor estimates by the ‘depart-e ‘ments ufl spmpd.ulm by Congress, with the dent—that is to say, of lowdring. the..taxea” . Fpus.months . 1y Dol ‘parfunctory, 19 he sxpected and q,nmmmmm that ‘much could P u:nf:h mut::e. P dond in “Keeping- them down,” but ‘ ' Congressmen coming to recognize the ovants pvomwmmhm Schwab Sées an Era Ztk)f Good’Tlmés ‘Ahreéd But Holds Readjustment Must Come First BY.O. E. McCREARY.. . , | réfised to accept s new wige HAT any sudden- returnto . prosperity is decidedly un- likely was the opinion ex- ‘pressed by .Charles M. ‘ Schwab, president of the. Bethle- hem Steel Company, in an inter- view granted the writer. Although the steel magnate ex- pressed his belief that America has ahead of it an.era.of unbounded prosperity, the immediate future does not-give forth- any promise of a revival in business or let-up of the present depression, he as- serted. Prospects for the coming winter, he believes, are far from being bright. Responsibility for a great part of the present industrial depres- sion, one of the worst through which the country has ever passed, Mr. Schwab placed upon the rail- roads in their failure to relluce freight rates. . He sald: “The railroads of the country must bring the. cos{ of transportation . down before the present industrial conditions ¢an be made much better. The railroad rates are a big factor in determin- ing industrial conditions. -For ‘ex- ample, some time‘before the war pig iron at Bethlehem was'selling at §14 a ton. Now it costs $14 a ton for freight alome. ' Personal Initiative Lacking. “The big trouble with the Ameri- can raliroads -under - the - present system is that they are unable to put into_their operations that per- sonal initiative that means ,so_ mich to the success of any large concern. ' In my Bethlehem -plant =ll salarles are supplemented by a° profit-sharing- plan. - The incomg of each employe is regulated; to a great extent, by the earning power of the plant. Thus .thére.is an in- - centive to efficiency and maximum plant’ production. * The railroads &re unable to adopt’this ‘system. . AllL questions of wages, .rates and other matters affecting the varions lines are regulated by a board of supervision—a slow, slow.process. “I am not telling Congress n attempting to tell Congress where: in the remedy lies; Mr. Schwah . plainied, “but - this condition must be changed if' we would witness a return_to national prqu'ltl" “It is evident,” he’ oollfilm-! *that the “raiifoads’ will ~only. " seek’ to. stimulate {Heir business atter they have put iato’ doeta Feduction n . \rates. “Not . only 'th uflm& and the retiroad uui. but “eyerything ' jn, ére ldle. Only Way 1- Proserity “I would rather ‘have my Beth- lehem steel . plant running-in full than on the present- curtalled schedule. So’ would the manage- ment of the other industrial plants throughout the country.- Under present conditions, however, this is impossible. To bring about na- tional prosperity the freight rates MUST be reduced. * “The cause of the business de- pression all' revert back to the cost “of producing.. The fact re- mains that the big factor in man- ufacturing is the cost of labor. For ‘this reason, in the much talked of return .to normalcy, . labor must be the chief item to be considered. We hear much talk of the high cost of materials and supplies for manufacturing. This has little bearing on the subject, however, for the cost of supplies is regulated mainly by the price of labor at the source of supply. “At the present ‘time mno steel mill in the country is being oper- ated ‘at a profit, and .in the face of the enormous losses being borne by’ the’ capitalists, ‘it is unfair ‘to say that the American laborer is bearing the brunt of the burden in the period of reuh\lnmenm - An_equally large part of the load has fallen upon.the. shoulders of capital. These-are times of stress .for the executiyes of any. corpo- ration. Production and sales have shrunk to the point where organ- tions myst be reduced to & level where disorganisation be- gins—a very costly process. Workers Make Mistake, . “The groups of workers who are unwilling to ° accept , reductions, who seem to feel that' the'in- flated * war-time -‘conditions . can continue forever, are sadly mis- taken. In the most unsettied bus- Iness period for ‘eighty years, with nearly 100 -great .corporations . listed_on the New York Stock Ex- change suspended, dividends and agricultural and - industrial ;prod- uets heing sdcrificed, it Is a' mis- coopetate in nu.kl.n‘ & returnto .safe, sound, mnomlu mndudl. “Corporations are cmmfinly be- lieved.to have no_soul but'l kno‘w mt the officers -nd dqumn of the Bethlehem Bleel Company, 'll sibility for the employes who' nkve 0 faithfully.served them for years. ' *“The present dot-fik- has ‘af- - fucted the manufaciurer and, the ‘and the administration is determined upon this kK K + When Congress reastembles, the immigra- tion question, is to come up as a live issue. pormanent immigration law must be framed which is now in operation, hnt which will ex- It is admitted on all sides now that one of thé act restricting immigration to certain fig- e2ch month. With unemployment in this' country”at’ the alarming total it has reached; tries in Europe and driving thousands of shores, that there would have been an overwhelming number of applicants for .each available job and swell the list of the unemployed. « It is estimated that the law now in force has kept 250,000 aliens out of the country thus will have barred a million and a half. : LKk K K . No one can.doubt. the existence in Congress ¢ disposition toward more restrictions upon immigration than ever before, and this senti- the question of competition with American foreign-born résidents will ever be a glorious ~How 'to winnow the unwanted immigrant ~ . from the welcome “prospective citizen and na- tion builder is the task which the Congress will . take up this fall- and labor with at this and the _regular session to follow. * % % % The peace treaty with Germany, President Harding desires ratified as soon as daily time of the Senate upon the reconvening. A fortnight of discussion is.the outside esti- mate of the time required to allow the oppo- nents of the treaty ‘to vent their indignation at the separate peace to be made with Germany. is expected to be academic and political, but there is thought to be no doubt of the ou!come—«.he ratification of * %k k % e wise not to put too much credence in this talk of resentment of Congress against alleged encroachment of the executive. The- fact is, Congress rather likes the team work between the two houses and the Presi- party in Congress, .And when you get right down to it, the indignation of the democrats against asserted executive interference is large- Prest@ent as having & “very Aevel head” on his take for the workman to refuse to shoulders. sense and practicality, served, which they can understand, feel that he sympathizes with them and their A problems. the emergency measure passed .by Congress was fon menacing many coun- it is inevitable to further Increase the it éxpires next June it don't ypu of those circles which thing?” immigration solely upon our midst became much ng the war, and while the the war of the sons of ! L depicted in e allen was depic e which pregident to take up much of the to “make largely * kK k President Harding’s natural aisposition and suavity of manner would make it impossible for him to be autocratic or dic- tatorial in dealing with the legislative branch. He is not that kind of man, though it must not bé understood that he is lacking in firmness once he has taken a position the justice of which thoroughly convinces him. in dealing with Congress is not to say, this. thing,” but rather, “Let’s talk it over, ynd Congressmen have lenrned further there {s not one of their number so incon- spicuous in his first term of public service that” he cannot get a welcome at the White House and find there a friend with whom to talk .over his troubles of legislation, cares to take them up with the chief execu- The President, himself, in consulting with the rank and file and learn- ing what the inconspicuous congressman thinks of legislative problems, as leaders and men.of commanding position.in House and Senate think. pleases them immensely. have in the back of their minds—a close sec- ond to their sense of duty to their country and their constituents—the natural human desire He thinks.in terms of common it is frequently ob- and they Yhey are disposed to admit that perhaps they do not possess all the foresight and wisdom in the world, and are glad to get the viewpoint of the President, which Is also reflective of the thought of the big men of the cabinet, -for whom Congress has great respect and admiration. It is to be noticed, too, that invariably when Congress gets into a jam, a deadlock over some proposition, through the contending views of men of many minds, it is very glad to have the President step forward and take a little of the responisibility of decision. geniality of His attitude “Do think it would be Ilel to do -his that if he takes pleasure well as what the * ¥ % % Republican congressmen are finding the to be & good politician, too, which All these statesmen good on their job” and to receive vindication by renomination and re-election. They also desire the republican party to re- main in power and are keenly alive at all times to the political angles and bearings of great questions before the Congress. ' There have been Presidents who were in a of course, the dominant to ing power of farmers has been cut to about 67 per cent. The market- ing group, howeyer, is still about '75 per cent active and is fighting the . readjustment is completed prices will drop, and people will be able to buy much more with .slowly but surely, be restored.”" Germany Chief Competitor. possible influence’ of European manufacturers upon the trade of the United States, Mr. Schwab ex- only Germany to fear, “The Germans,” he explaiged, cane. In their present struggle to reorganise their cou§try and place it once mere- upon& firm basis, ing the great principles of: econ- They are re- entering with grim determination China and South America, partic- waging a determined fight to get merce which was theirs beton the “We in America must Ie‘rn to .and meet it successfully. Until we the trade which we have built up and which the foreign firms -are to regain.” Neot Real Loss to Laber. Referring to the recent cut in the belief that the reduction in earnings will not mean a real loss to the American laborer, but that the order of ‘things will be'equal- ized. The dollar, he explained, which would purchase only about November, had risen to about. 60 cents in April and is still rising in value as the prices of food;, coal ‘hard to maintain its profits. “When their‘wages. * Production will then ‘When questioned ooncerning the pressed the conviction that we have ‘work and lve for leas than Ameri- omy and efficiency. the markéts of the world. In ularly, the American trade has al- of the German ‘firms. Theéy “are back - the great volume of com-’ world -war.: meet : this' German . competition— do so0, we ‘cannot hope to retain making such a determined eflon ‘wage rates, Mr. Schwab expressed other—conditions will change and 48 cents: worth of esgentials last and other commodities return to changeable for -00 cents’ worth of the necegsities of life. * “The spirit of economy,” “hé 8dded, “will ‘teach us to"become accustomed u ‘the ‘new ohlar‘ +events. . Bpeaking . o2-the-: nmnl b\ul- neas ‘and industrial outlook; Mr. . Schwab sounded a hopeful :note. In ‘order to bring. this_new . en sbout. however; economy hn.e- degree scornful of politics. remains a government by political parties, the executive in sympathy with the political aspects of public questions i#' likely to be popular with his followers in Congress. At any rate, they are disposed to admire a leader who "anu back” when the party is at-. tacked by the opposition, and President Hard- ing, it is sald, is showing a cheery disposition take up SRy quarrely of -3 partisan nature foisted -upen him’ by an 'alert' and aggressive opposition, and to himself lead the way iInto the scrimmage. (Copyright, 1981, by The Washington Star.) they have learned-and are apply- ready begun to feel the presence . normal. Eventually, §1 will be ex- : But as long as this real basis “of efficiency.” ' Our growth-will not-be of a mushroom type, but steady and reliable. We canpot expect ‘to jump- from a panic into:.immediate prosperity. Canmot Change Basie Facts. “We cannot change the law of supply ' and demand—we cannot alter the basic principles of sell- ing price. Of course, I want to see the mills and factgries run- ning in full operation, turning out their -maximum production. I want to see this depression at an end. “Above all things,” Mr. Schwab asserted earnestly, in concluding the interview, “I do not want to see the American laborer reduced to the same level as the Euro- pean workingmen. I want to see him a well paid, well lived, satis- fied -being—living contented and happy. But he must learn to be of & more efficient and a higher type, returning e fair day's work for a fair day’s pay.” In addition to his large_steel works at Bethlehem, Pa, Mr. Schwab_controls a. steel mill in Germany for the manufacture of pneumatic tools. Through the ,operation of this plant he.is kept * in close touch with labor and in- dustrial conditions in Europe. In this foreign plant he can turn out steel much cheaper than at his plant in Pennsylvania. SENT TO CHITA, SIBERIA. '\ ferred to Observe Conditions. yestérday by the State Department. Mr. Caldwell will maintain contact with_its chiet officials.” It was stated that Mr. Caldwell’ lh.r ln Chita. will be only temporary. U, S. TREASURY PLEASED. American Council in Japan Trans- Dispatch of John K. Caldwell, ‘American consul at Kobo, Japan, to Chita, Siberia, for the purpose of ob- 'serving afid reporting on develop- ‘ments in that region, was announced “Mr. Caldwell's presence in Chita,” the statement said, “will not in any way imply recognition by the United States 'of the so-called far eastern republic, which has its headquarters in that city, but it is expected that formal A uflmrv mmu to the Treas- ury’s combined offering of $600,000,000 STATES- PUSH PLANS TO HELP THE JOBLESS ghtlng M an| Governors and Municipal ! Offi¢ials Descnbg Steps Being Taken to Give Work is Toom for them and thelr labors in’ Connecticut at this time. This is & ‘warning note sounded by other state and city officials, too. What they de- sire to see are plans developed in al¥ & to the Uncmployed. 25 BY G. GOULD LINCOLN. ITH the approach of the unemployment conference called by Secretary Hoover of the Department of Commerce .at the instance of Pres-|the states and industrial centers ldent Harding, much interest at-|¥here unemployment is measured in taches to the plans now on foot,in|larée figures, so that the various i the various ‘states and municipalifies | COmmunities may take care of their of the country to stém the tide of|{OWN unemployment rather than force’ unemployment. Governors of states|Men and women to move into sec- and municipal officials, it appears,|tions where the authorities and the m" been aroused-to the danger of | PUsiness interests are doing their ut- | the situation and have begun to act|most and meeting with success in on thelr own hook—though anxious|OVercoming the unemployment prob- for the co-operation of the federal gov- { 1™ The Connecticut governor says ernment in meeting the problera. BEURS SRS, A number of dispatches from these| “New ' Haven, Bridgeport, Water- officials have been received in Wash-j PurY. New London have plans undert ington within the last few days|™a¥ for meeung present problem of which give more than an Inkling as| o Cnpioyment, but not large projects to afford special relief. Some im- i to the manner in which the situation is Leing met and plans that are being provement is noticed in some sections, but the situation is not such as to developed to prevent suffering among | et e e i | warrant men owming to Connecticut | from other states.” Portland’s Comprehensive Plan. * South Problem Not Serk Not the least interesting and en- George L. Baker, mayor of Porthnd‘ e s “n: 5 Ore. The officials and the business|o 0V O Hhompoymer n.l iy men and workers in that city heve pISDN (BF S0P OMIR; 5 For instance, Gov. John M. Parker taken hold of the situation appar-| "7 O¢ ity it o strons hand and & de.]Of Louisiana has wired that no great t inati Tve th) oblem—a/ amount of unemployment exists in i O o e Pe be. 3o | Loulsiana. Furthermore, he states: that Loui: i rious. Mayor Baker wires: BLisoniaians [[Ehis. yenr s wenl 3 crops of sugar and rice and corn and “The Portland unemployment Plan; .o yo angicipates “no serious lack provides for five directors of various|oo" 0 BT EPE TR S0 e want phases of work. All diréctors are| e work~ New Orleans and Shreve- influential business men. Ome MaSi,,t ar¢ the only large cities in the charge of public employment, E€tnE’ giate, and the governor is of the opin- governmental agencles, ‘including|jon that “with a fair reduction in state, city, county, state highWaylyages” tire problem of employment department, school board, etc.-to 40 |can be met successfully in those all possible public improvement work | municipalities. during the winter. At a recent! Gov. Kilby of Alabama wires conference these bodies have agreed.|that he is not advised any cities of “Another director has Industries|Alabama have plans in prospect or and will organize plants to do all|underway for meeting present prob- possible winter work, and if neces-|lem of unemployment. This may be sary co-operate in general plan for|interpreted to mean that no extensive dividing up employment so that un-|problem of unemployment exisis employment will not be confined to|there. On the other hand, it may one group all the time. mean that so far the industrial cen- “Still another has charge with as-|ters of the state have not felt thé sistance of. the Red Cross of provid- | pinch of unemployment and so have ing and creating work for women. |not yet taken up seriously any plans “A fourth director has charge of! for meeting such a situation if it establishing emergency relief, includ- | should develop during the coming ing @ public fuel wood yard, where Winter. men - without families will be given In the Middle West. work, chopping wood for board ami| Out in the great middle west, the room. We have belected an abandoned | gispatchs indicate, there is an earnest mm"“mnm:-“wm“"‘“"fl- effort in many of the big cities to handle their unemployment prob- “The ‘Méydr iq:the BTth AIreotdr | ioms. For Iaptance, Gov. Warren . and he wiil be general supervisor. A|McCray of Indiana writes: rock pile will be opened for the! <«The industrial board of Indiana won’t ‘work class.. operating state free employment ser- “Publicity will be used to Warn|vice, has instructed managers of em- against influx of men.’ We have .co-|ployment bureaus in Indianapolis, operation and support of ~govern-{Terre Haute Evansville, Muncle, mental agencles, organized .labor,| Hammond, Fort Wayne and Lafay- business and industrial interests and|ette to call upon chambers of com- press which is abdolutely essential|merce, civic bodles and county trus- for succéss. Simflar plans in other;tees, securing their co-operation in citles would help us yery materially.” | calling upon manufacturers and busi- Msssachusétis Authoritics Busy., |ness men. to devise ways and means Chani . _lof creating temporary employment “g:v.m 5 ':,",;::;:9:;:‘:,‘::'::,"“ and to aiternate employes if full time shows that the. Bay. state.authorities | CARROt be allowed. The Indianapolis have put thelr sioulder to_the wheel | DUreau reports increased inquiry. for and are making earnest efforts to|workmen” stem the, tide of unemployment, and | /¥he industrial cnmmin‘mdof ‘:1,; also holds out the hope that the sit- | COnsin has roported that Racine, Mil- uation in the state is already on the | Waukce and Madison, of the Wiscon- mend. The Massachusetts governor|Sin cities are well under way In says: “mapping out plans for dealing with “State and municipal authorities|the problem of unemployment next? has recom- are co-operating to make plans for | winter.” The governor starting ‘ necessary public® improve- | mended immediate attention to thid ments and works wherevér possible. | Problem by all. Michigan cities, too, Private employers have been urged to | 8Te mll;ln: vll‘;nl to prevent bread give part-time employment to the|lines and the Jike. . greatest number possible and indi-| Gov. Small of Iinois is m‘thol"- viduals have been urged to begin re-|ity for the statement that ’on‘ - pairs and improvements now. Figures | cago seems’ to be the only city in available show slight increase in|lllinois where conditions of unem- number of émployed and that busi- | Ployment require attention.” A com- ness in many lines is showing im-|mittee, he says, is now investigating provement. So far as advised, no city | conditions there with & view to has found it necessary to institute |améliorating the present situation. Missourl, Gov. A. M. Hyde, detailed plans to meet Ilnmlfl ‘ment at llreu:'." 4 reports that it, too, has only one city Plans where plans for meeting the unemploy- Comaecticut. = ment situation are now under way—that From Gov. Everett J. Lake of c ticut word that the big| " o ¢ ‘onnecticut comes wo! e cities of that commonwealth have e e plans to meet the unemployment sit- uation well under way. He, too, speaks of a certain amount of im- provement-in recent weeks. . But he issues a warning that because there has been some improvement, it must|liam D. Stevens, says: men| 1 am advised by state uendu e e o 3 which deal with labor conditions thag tates that the: o‘“‘"" sorkin other tates the = unemployment in California has not Re-tu of Good Times- yet reached the stage of & problem. rn It is estimated that in another six or Halted by R. R. Rates fornia and Washington, the gover- nors wire reassuringly that the un- employment situation has not becomse atute. The Governor of California, Wilv eight weeks situation will “develop which will require attention. While conditions 'are being watched and considered no special provision has been made as yet in any community. I have asked our highway commis- ston, which has more than thirty mil- lion dollars.to expend in road build- ing, to prepare for as extended pro- gram of construction as possible dur- ing coming winter. My ‘expectations are that this can be made an Impor- tant factor in meeting the problem that séems immineni.” “Gov.. Louis- F. Hart of Wash- ington .sends. the report .that infor- mation received from mayors of the larger cities is.to the effect that the unemployment problem is not acute there, but officials are making plans to meet any emergen=- cles thait may arise. Seattle, Spo~ kafe, Tacomas, Ydkima all report, says ‘the 'governor. that they have plans in prospect for dealing with the” situation’ mu it become mens in government obligations dated Sep- R “llber 16 is indicated in preliminary 3 “Treasury. officials declared reports, . lant night. ' Attention was called by mu-uunmuutmn-um rats on the one-yehr certificates is| unemployment conference, when It ‘meets _here ‘m.hh the next “tw® 5% pmmmtlmm ¥ /Arréheousty’ From the Pacific coast states, Cali-"