Evening Star Newspaper, June 26, 1921, Page 29

GREEK KING FACES A\THE NATIONAL UPHEAVAL| . Constantine Will Be Forced to Surrcn&er * Much of Territorial Spoils Obtained by Venizelos—Near East Settlement. ' BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. ' LLIED governments, alarmed by the increasingly grave situation in the mear east, have demanded in kid-glove fashion that Greece consent to ar- bitration of claims conflicting with the aspirations of the Kemalist gov- ernment at Angora. Greece, consent- bringing potential menace to Europe itself. There is running through the negotiations a strong suspicion that the Greeks will be beate any con- | flict with the Turks, and a result it ! would be much better to attempt im- mediately to bring the two factions together before the situation actually becomes chaotic. The Greeks must | curb tieir ambitions, Thrace may be | retained, but Kemal, in striking a bargain, may demand this territory. ing, the next move will be the approach | Lord Curzon, who conferred with Pre- . of Mustapha Kemal at Angora, and + possible eventual revision of the Sevres treaty. In this Greece faces turbulent times. The work of Venl- zelos in the peace conference will have been nulled and all under King Constantine. The great Grecian states- man_will have the satisfaction of see- ing his royal enemy fail miserably in maintaining_the historic Hellenic do- main after he had regained it. There s certain to be a tremendous reaction in Greece. It is exceedingly likely that unless the allies aid in a material way in_ strengthening the hand of . Constantine the but recently returned monarch will be forced to retire from the Grecian throne again. The return of Venizelos is exceedingly likely in such contingency. But even though the moparch remain, Venizelos will at least have the satisfaction of seeing himself vindicated in the eyes of his people. Undoubtedly he will go down in history as one of the most powerful giatesmen ever coming from the Hel- Power Built on Bombast. Constantine has endeavored to build his power upon the maintenance of the old Grecian empire, which Veni- selos obtained, but which act the Grecian people 5o easily forgot under the systematic and well organized be- guilement of the Grecian royalists. The monarch returned from Switzer- land and was greeted with great ac- + claim. Since then he has expanded upon the wonderful destinies of the Grecian kingdom, always emphasiz- Greece's preponderant influence in an affairs appertaining to the near east. He has emphatically stated that the Grecian flag never would come down in Anatolia and Smyrna. He has somewhat blatantly announced that he might remove his throne to Constantinople, there to_preside over the reclaimed empire. He has gone to lead his troops in desperate battle with Greece’s hereditary enemy, the Turk. Patriotic feeling has been kindled high in Athens and the whole peninsula, but this feeling evidently has not percolated so largely In the Greek army, which always has been. suspected of favoring Venizelos, even after ostensibly pledging its loy- alty to the returned monarch. Constantine finds himself today con- fronted by Turkish armies which he has little hope of defeating. Warfare in the near east has drained the Gre- clan exchequer almost dry, inflicting tremendous burdens upon the people of Greece. To o on he needs assist- ance and unless there be serious men- ace to Europe there is little chance of obfatning 1t, largely through inex- pediency of the allies striking for- ward on further military ventures at the moment. Constantine has found that there is a vast difference be- tween Smyrna and Athens and his vainglorious boasts have dwindled al- most to whispers. It is but natural then that if Constantine can find a way out of his dilemma and save even a small section of the spoils of war, which Venizelos dumped at the fee of his people. he will do so. Conse- quently jt is practically assured he will bow to the will of the allies when they sugzest arbitration of the Greco- Turkish differences. King Must Consent. Most recent dispatches indicate that Constantine realizes he must consent to the internationalization of Smyrna, and that the allies will continue to hold Constantinople, and that he is bitterly opposed by the French and Ttalians, who do not want more war in the near east. Even though he should succeed from a military stand- point, there would be increasingl; grave diplomatic_and political ques- tions hazarding Greece's future. But the giving_up of a single point obtained in the Paris deliberations is certain to cause gravest reaction in Greece itself. If the Venizelists are still as well organized as they once were there is little question that the king’'s tenure will become exceedingly shaky. if, in fact, his downfall does not come immediately. ¢ In their proposals of medtation the allies undoubtedly have come to the conclusion that the near eastern ques- tion must be settled. and that dilly- dallying for two vears has only in- creased darkening diplomatic clouds, mier Briand during the past week, ob- jects to the return of Thrace to the Turks, but there may be worked out some compromise, for if there is none, and the present situation is permitted to linger, the Turks may set out to regain the whole of the Arabic, Pales- tinian and Mesopotamian territories lost in the war. With the temper of Mohammedan peoples as it is, there is strong _possibility that they might succeed, notwithstanding the growth of British influence. England Will Gala Much. If the allies can preclude some such endeavor on the part of the Kemalists through treaty readjust- ments England will have gained much in the protection of her influ- ence throughout the near east. The French will be permitted to curtail their loathsome obligations in Syria and elsewhere, while Italian inter- ests will be safeguarded in the cur- tailment of Greclan territorial expan- sion. All the allies will gain by arbi- tration, although they must tem- porize with the Turks and return to them territories which Venizelos ob- tained for country during the deliberations of statesmen in Paris. The Turks may or may not be con- tent with the re-establishment of their control over Smyrna and Ana- tolia and with the grant 'of certain economic and financial privileges in Constantinople. There is question as to just how much the Turks will demand and, until the terms are ab- solutely known, the whole allied plan is subject to quick breakdown, which would mean the renewal of hostili- ties, which not a country in Europe desires, unless it be Russia and Ger- many. g In case there is a breakdown of negotiations because of the con- trariness of Mustapha Kemal and his followers, the allies, through the use’ of fleets and the blockade of Turkish Black sea ports have it within _their power to eventually bring Kemal to his knees. and, should the Turks refuse to arbitrate, this eventuality is almost certain to ma- terialize. The allies are bent on peace in the near east, and if it is humanly possible to realize this end it will come. Undoubtedy Kemal is coming to believe that some sort of compromise must be effected, for, even though he every rea. son to believe his armies can suc- ceed with the istance of Russia, the Kemalists have little except the word of the Russians to insure them against permanent bolshevi: occupa- tion of Turkish territories. And even the Turk has little faith in Russian promises and he desires to retain some degree of independent action. even though there be submission to mMmore onerous terms of one-time en- emies. Kemal has dispatched emis- saries to allied capitals in the hope of secwring revision of the treaty of Sevres at least to effect some agreeable understanding in regard to the near eastern situation. There seems at the moment every likelihood that Kemal will capitulate to arbitration terms such as are des- ignated by the larger powers if he may save his face in the curtailment of Turkish nationalist claims. But the Whole situation yet remains complex and everything or nothing may occur in the near east at any moment. But with the allies threatening to support Greece in case Kemal should refuse and threatening to continue the economic and financial boycott of Greece in case that country refuses to listen to reason and insists upon a do- main which she cannot maintain, with the allies once more agreed among themselves upon a fairly safe and expedient policy in regard to the near east, or at least one designed to lessen the friction between the Brit- ish and French governments. the near eastern situation looks hopeful. All nations desire to wash their hands of the whole near east busi- n ess. But it always must be remembered in giving consideration to settlements in this section of the world that the bolshevists contine to be a factor to be reckoned with and through agres- sion may muddle the whole situation, regardless of any and all agreements effected between the Turks and other powers. "THEIR HUMAN SIDE BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Vice President Calvin Coolidge is going to celebrate July 4. not only be- cause that date gave him independ- ence, but because it gave him life 1t self; not only because it is his birth- day, but also because it is his semi- centennial. Besides, his degree of A. B. from Amherst. the Vice Presi- dent h: an LL. D. degree from six colleges and universities — Amherst, Tufts, Williams, Bates, Wesleyan and the University of Vermont. But even with that record, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts sur- passes him, for Lodge has received the degree} of doctor of laws from Williams College, Clark University, Yale University, Harvard University, Brown University, Amherst College, Union College, Princeton University and Dartmouth College. *x xS win thl.’ the new Postmaster Gen- eral, is paying personal attention to encouraging and instructing his em- ployes how to humanize their cor- Tespondemce. Secretary Wallace of the Department of Agriculture has earried that same “human interest” fate thg publicity work of his depart- \ ' ment. Here is a sample of how he has it done: “Paint me a picture of oblivion.” Thus spoke the chief editor to the chief artist. And the artist, summoning all the aid he could find, began a picture—one that, if it realizes its full possibilities, should be one of the remarkable can- vasses of the world. Can you visualize oblivion? It isn't nothing. It is something that has be- come nothing. Looking at it in a lit- tle different light, it is the place to which something goes when it has be- come nothing. It is not chaos. It does not possess enough substance to become chaotic. It is—well, just ob- livion. Specifically, it is the place to which the United States Department of Agriculture is consigning the scrub sire. How will it look in colors? * ¥ % % Tourists from all over the country— and from fcreign climes—who have mad pilgrimage to the nation's shrine l: Mount Vernon. during the last sixty years. will be pleased to know that T. 8. Wright, caretaker and guide to the gardens lald out by.George Wash- ington 120 years ago, is still on the job although seventy-nine years old. He is called “Justice” Wright, and says that Lincoln was the only president who didn’t visit Mount Vernon. He describes Mount Vernon as a_*no man’s land” g“flpl,‘[' thl: war of fl!fi rebe&"on‘ ‘when e himself was a guide and acou the Union Army. e * % x % Why did the famous sculptor. Gut- son Borglum. fashion his bust of Abra- ham Lincoln, which holds honored place in the rotunda of the National Capi- tol, with the left ear missing? That bust has been in place for ten years, but no stir was ever made about the missing ear until now. Visitors from of the country are inspect- ing the Borglum bust and wondering. ‘The “discovery” of the missing ear seems to have been made Smith, from Petersburg, In policeman in the rotunda. * % ¥ % Representative Frank H. Funk of Ill- i or ! years actively en- gaged in farming and live stock pro- duction on the farm, Funk Grove, which his grandfather settled in 1824. Representative Willlam D. Boies of Iowa, was born on the firm that' his father homesteaded' in 1845, in Boone oounty, Representative Hays B. ‘White moved to Kansas in 1875, and as a pioneer rienced the hard- ships incident to that period on a Kansas farm. These are but samples— there are many others in Congress. Senator France of Maryland is proud of his ancestors, who settled in Balti- more before the revolution. His great. great-grandfather was Capt. Thomas Boyle, who commanded 'the Chasseur and Comet in the war of 1812. by Sam who is a ES .. THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. "STORY THE WEEK HAS BY HENRY W. BUNN. (Copyright, 1921, by The Washington Star.) HE following is a brief summary of the news of the world for the seven days ended June 25: UPPER SILESIA.—When I wrote my last week's article, for two days the cables had given no news concerning Upper Silesia. The weird silence was broken on Sunday, but throughout the week the news had been very meager. The French government continued to press Berlin to cause Hoefer, commander of the German defense corps in Upper Silesia, to with- draw, as ordered by the interallied commission. At last, according to a dispatch of the 22d, the Berlin government has “undertaken to ob- tain Hoefer's withdrawal”; a commission ha: left for Upper Silesla to “persuade Hoefer"; the behavior of the Foles is vaguely indicated to be satisfactory. The behavior of Hoefer has put a great strain on the Briand and Wirth gov- ernments of moderation. Fortunately for the peace, Briand trusts Wirth, appreciates his em- barrassments, abstains from threats; thus of- fending the French extremists, to be sure, but disappointing the German fire-eaters of their hopes. * k %k X GERMANY.—No news concerning the process of disarmament, that all important matter. Perhaps a happy inference may be drawn from the fact that demobilization of the French class of 1919 has been ordered, to commence June 25. The recent conversations between M. Loucheur, French minister of the devastated regions, and Dr. Rathenau, German minister of reconstruc- tion (both gentlemen of wide and generous views), upon details of reconstruction (espe- cially furnishing of German materials), have sweetened the air. Dr. Rathenau suggested a large co-operation of French and German in- terests. M. Loucheur did not repulfe this sug- gestion, but suggested in turn that Dr. Rathenau draw up a memorandum of practical proposi- tions. In general, the French press commented cordially upon these exchanges, though some cynics saw France about to be “done” by the wily and insinuating boche. One may actually read in French newspapers such expressions as: “A Franco-German reparation entente,” “an era of reponciliation through reconstruction.” * %k % GREAT BRITAIN.—“Economy or we are ruined” is the cry in Britain, and not without reason. Parliament seats are being won by the opposition on that issue. ' But it is easier to preach than to practice. The miners’ strike has crippled many Industries dependent on coal, throwing hundreds of thousands out of employ- ment. Three weeks ago there were. I under- stand, besides the 900,000 miners on strike, more than 2,100,000 unempigyed and upward of two million on part time. The government un- employment fund is almost exhausted. There- fore the government has presented a bill which would reduce the dole for men from 20 to 15 shillings weekly, and for women from 16 to 12 shillings, while increasing the contributions from employers and employes. But this is admitted to be a hazardous proceeding; prob- ably only the doles have prevented serious dis- . orders hitherto. Then there is the cost of the defense corps, still kept afoot, though the army reserve has been released. The railway deficit mounts fearfully (the railways still being under government control)! what will happen when, before long, the railways revert to private con- trol one trembles to forecast. But the desperate pass in which the govern- ment finds itself is most vividly illustrated by its resolve to ask repeal of the agricultural act, which act went into operation only Janu- ary last, and from which so much was fondly hoped. Full development of Britain's agricul- tural resources, which was the aim of the act, might justify the epithet of “tight” for the little isle, might save it from starvation in a future war. The act gusrantees minimum prices for agricultural produce and minimum wages for farm hands; it involves a present yearly subsidy of from twenty to thirty million pounds, and & measure of goverpment control. The farmers were induced to make consider- able outlays on the strength of the act. The act was not to be repealed without four years' notice. A good many think it a dublous act; but there seems to be a general feeling that its repeal at this juncture would dangerously impair confidence in the government. Some days ago the miners’ executive com- mittee issued an invitation to all unions which have wage grievances to join them in a general strike, but they have had no response. A resolution of the British labor party conference at Brighton, commending the spirit of the miners, will probably not cause the death of many of the latter, as excess of joy from good news killed Dionysius. the tyrant, and .Pope Leo X. It is reported that the miners' execu- tive committee, baffled of its last desperate hope, is now trying to reopen negotiations with the mine owners and the government. The imperial conference of the premiers of Britain and the Dominion and representatives of India began on the 20th. The chief item of discussion is the Anglo-Japanese treaty. Shall it be renewed? Probably it will, but amended s0 as to state specifically that the British Empire will not support Japan in a war against the United States. * k ok * HUNGARY.—Charles, ex-Emperior of Austria, ex-King of Hungary, has asked permission of the Swiss government to remain in Switzer- land until August. The Swiss government says all right, if he will behave. He says he will be going in August. Some say he will be going to Spain, others that he will try another little coup in Hungary. Admiral Horthy says that monarchy is the proper government for Hun- gary, and this seems to be the opinion of many competent observers. But not a Hapsburg—- not if the succession states know it. Don't be rash, Charles; somebody ought to speak to the Empress Zita, who s always egging Charles on. * X k ¥ LITHUANIA.—Of the problems now under consideration by the council of the league of nations the most important is the Polish- Lithuanian dispute. This dispute involves many elements, of which the most striking is the question what to do about that business of Gen. Zeligovskl. Last year, the reader will re- member, Gen. Zeligovski pulled off a little fait accompli, occupylng with a considerable part of the Polish army (“volunteers,” he called them, others called them “deserters”) the city of Vilna and much territory thereabout, and setting -up an independent state in the name of self-determination; ousting the Lithuanian government, for Vilna was the Lithuanian capital. Of course, the Polish government form- ally disavowed the business, but it made no pretense of being displeased. So in Vilna, Zeligovski remains today. The joke of it is (Mr. Ralph Butler is my authority) that Vilna and.its region (the old Russian government of Vilna) are in' population neither Polish nor Lithuanian, though the Lithuanians greatly out- number the Poles, the great majority of the population being white Russians. Nevertheless, the Lithuanians have a valid title to Vilna and its region. How long ago nobody knows, be- fore the tenth century anyway, their ancestors occupied that country. Perkunas had his shrine on one of the hills of Vilna, which was sanctuary. Later Vilna was the capital of a great Lithuanian kingdom which extended to Moscow on the east, to Odessa. and the sea of Azov on the southeast. Mighty warriors were the Lithuanians in these days. But they were not numerous enough to hold so vast a territory. First the crowns of Poland and Lithuania were united, and later Luthania became part of Poland. Most of the Luthu- fanian nobility disappeared and the Luthu- anian land was parceled out in great estates The great national god - - C., JUNE 2, 1937-PART 2. TOLDNICARAGUA IS LIKELY among Polish landlords. When Poland was par- titioned, Lithuania became part of Russia, but the Polish landlords held on. Part of them lost thelr estates by joining the Polish insurrections in 1830 and 1863, but still a great part of the country is possessed by Polish landlords. As I understand it, this is the root of the trouble between Poland and Lithuania. These land- lords fear for themselves the fate of the Baltic barons of Latvia and Esthonri; namely, ex- propriation of their estates for the benefit of the peasants. Therefore they desire that Poland annex as much Lithuanian soil as she may and dominate what is left of the “democratic peasant republic” of Lithuania. Pressure of the Polish landlords will very largely account for the Seligovski exploit, for the controversy over the Yolish-Lithuanian boundary in the direction of Suwalki, for the claim of Poland to control the Lithuanian army and Lithuanian foreign rela- tions. Well, the reader will be saying, if the facts are as stated above, the league council should have no difficulty about making a decision. It will, nevertheless. It is true that Polish land- lordism may be the ultimate cause of the Polish- Lithuanian difficulties. Byt full justice to the submerged Lithuanian peasant may have to be postponed to larger considerations growing out of the awful mess in central Europe; of which the chief is the importance of making Lithuania a solid part of the barrier against German drang and Muscovite pressure. * ¥ % NEAR EAST.—The governments of Great Britain, France and Italy have offered the Greek government their meditation with Mustapha Kemal. 1f Greece will not accept, she must continue to go it alome, with dubious pros- pects. The note does not intimate the basis of negotiations, but presumably Kemal will be of- fered terms much like those offered him at the London conference in March. It is said that the Greek government not unreasonably requires information on this head before replying to the allied note. Recent reports of a quite novel complexion attribute to Kemal an earnest desire for peace; alleging that he has sent his chief trusty, Samy Bey, to the allied capitais to negotiate terms; and, more Important still, that the connection with Moscow irks him. Not surprising the last, if there is anything in the rumor that Moscow has tried to procure his assassination, so that he may be succeeded" by that arch-fiend Enver Pasha, a man after Moscow’s own heart. If Kemal does make peace, say these strange new reports, he will demand as a condition thereof that the allies engage to protest him against the wrath of Moscow. 1f Kemal will accept the terms offered him in March, it seems very probable that Greece will accede. Greek army is not good; that the general staft is inferfor to the Turkish staff (both German- trained); that the Cretan contingent, formerly the backbone of the army, are disaffected, etc., etc. The estimate of the situation made by the Turkish commander at Eskishehr (as quoted in the New York Times) is as follows: “The Greeks are in the same position as a man who has started to sneeze and finds himself unable to do s0." I am inclined to think it a good estimate. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.—The Senate and House conferees at last reached an agreement on the naval appropriation bill. The total appropriation caeried is $417,000,000, in- stead of the $396,000,000 originally voted by the House. Two alrplane carriers are provided for; the results of the bombing tests off the Virginia capes insured that. The Navy personnel Is to number 106,000, instead of 100,000 voted by the House and 120,000 voted by the Senate. The Borah amendment s adopted. The conference report now goes to the House. The Senate has ordered an investigation of the Mingo coal fields disturbances. Now for a big fight on the bonus bilL ARMY AN THE ARMY In showing an increase during the past few weeks of several hundred ap- pointments in the Officers’ Reserve Corps, bringing the total to approxi- mately 70,000, indications point to a steady upward movement toward the 150,000 reserve officers which the War Department is providing for. /The pres- ent main reservoir of personnel is com- posed of officers who served in the world war. ¥rom inquiries recently re- ceived by the War Department it is ex- pected that a majority of former offi- cers will request reserve commissions in grades for which they are eligible. During the process of classification now being effected, transfers of officers are being made to the authorized sec- tions of the Officers’ Reserve Col selection of specially qualified officers for duty with the newly authorized gen- eral headquarters of the general staff is also being effected. Recent instructions provide that re- serve officers who hold National Guard commissions or who are warrant officers or enlisted men of the National Guard, will be carried” b{l curps :r::"v;r o‘}!el- partment commanders as re: . cers assigned to the guard of the state they are serving. Reserve officers who are warrant officers or en- ose outside the continental limits ::;!m'-:‘ United States, will be held for the Present as available for assignment by Chiefs of branches, who will prepare, from time to time, tentative plans for the use of such reserve officers in an emergency, with due regard given to the needs and missions of the three com- ponents of the Army of the United States, the Regular Army, National Guard and organized reserves. Appointment of Second Licutenants. All candidates within the conti- nental limits of the United States who took the examination April 25, 1921, for appointment as second lieuten- ants in the Regular Army are being notified by the War Department that the consideration of the reports of their examinations and the marking of papers is still in progress and that it will be several weeks before the re- sults of their examination can be an- nounced. Each candidate will be no- tified of the result before the begin- ning of the next final examination on August 22, 1921. No objection will be ‘made to candidates' who were exama ined in April to making application for the August examination. Those who will still be eligible for appoint- ment and those who falled only in their written examination will have another opportunity to compete for appointment and may be preparing t.hemui\vu for examination in meantime. The War Department places special emphasis on the fact that this no- tification should not be construed by candidates as any indication of the | result of their previous examination. The purpose is to remove any exist- ing doubt as to whether candidates examined in April will be permitted to file applications for the August ex- amination, and to make available to those candidates .who may feel that they may have failed in the written examjnation in April, the maximum possible time in which to prepare themselves for the August examina- tion, if they desire to take those ex- it Aim to Cerrect Physieal Defects. _ A far-reaching plan for the physical Betterment of young men attending the citizens” milif training camps is be- ing worked out officers of the medical de nt. - The plan will expert medical :.fid.?o 't:i an me en! ?mlflflon to dalflfll&l mr‘k’.“ de- ects, and w-u‘lhlnf le_work, exer- cise and play that will be helpful in re- moving the defect. The candidate when i l a “ I REAR ADMIRAL EDWARD EBERLE, Now in command of the battleship division 7 of the Atlamtic fleet, who has been appointed commander-in- chiet of the Pacific fleet, succeeding Admiral Hugh Rodman. rival at camp or will be administered free of charge by the nearest army sur- geon, if application is made before leav- ing for the camp. The heart, eyes and ears must be good and the teeth ser- Possessing the qualifications given above, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia or the District of Columbia who is able-bodied and free from disease_and bearing a good reputation, may make immediate application to_ the corps commander, Fort Howard, Maryland, and the neces- sary papers will be sent him. Demonstrate Aerial Photography. For the purpose of demonstrating the many uses of aerial photographs in farm management and agricultural ordered to proceed by airplane from Bolling Field, Anacostia, D. herst, Mass., for the purpose of mak- ing mosaics of the territory in the vicinity of the Massachusetts Agri- cultural College. the flight was: Bolling Field to Mitch- ell Field, Long Isand, thence to Am- herst, thence to Boston, Portland, Maine. The flight from |F. Washington to Portland was made in five hours, and the totad time con- in performing graphic reconnaissance was nine days from time of departure to return. Mosaics were made from an altitude of 12,000 feet for the Agricwftural at Amherst of 175 square miles of territory, the time consumed in shooting the photographs being two hours. Mosaics were also made of Portland ‘and of Boston showing PACIFIC FLEETS. of the fieet July 1, Academy at Annapolis. ————————————————————————————eeeeeeee? he leaves the camp will be given a letter stating the character of his physical de- fects, with suggestions and advice re- garding corrective or remedial steps to be taken in the future. It will be necessary for those who at- tend the camps to take the anti-typhoid- para-typhoid inoculation and - cinated against smallpox, if these have not been received within the last three vac: Il be given upon ar- any citizen residing in thorized for issue. development, First 'Lieutenants | extra gas and oil tanks. Capt. Eaker George W. Goddard and Howard K.|as pilot and Lieut. Longfellow as ob- Air Service, were recently | server took the air at 5:30 A. M., and ., to Am- boanga, Mindanao. og School at Comp Grant, al Tan e ooEin. Septimber 6. thence to Griffin, Frank the -photo- |A. Maher, H. Pollard, Edmund C. area and de that ph 829, D NAVY NEWS | It is said that the morale of the ° ADMIRAL HILARY P. JONES, Now msecond in command of the At- lantic fieet, who will assume command uceeeding Admiral Henry P. Wilson, appointed superin- tendent of the United States Naval the docks at both points. was done by the U. S. Army Air Ser- vice in co-operation with the Agri- cultural Department, Amherst Col- lege, and the Shipping Board. Utilising Non-Standard Shoes. In order to gtilize the large stock of various shoes on hand and to gon- serve the appropriation for clothing and equipment, there will be issued to each soldier three pairs of shoes; the service or garrison type for wear only while on pass, furlough or when off duty and at inspections or cere- monies; one pair of field welt and one pair fleld metallic or with hobnails for dismounted troops for wear on ex- tensive fleld service. Ultimately only one type, the service shoe, will be au- Passing Notes. Ten hours and 27 minutes in a De Haviland 4 was the record recently et by Capt. Eaker, acting air officer, Manila, P. I, in a standard De Havi- 1and 4, which had been equipped with did not land until 3:57 P. M. Test was made by Capt. Eaker in prepara- tion of a cross-country flight to Zam- Fifteen army chaplains have been se- itinerary of |lected to attend the Clmfill_nm; Service The chaplains selected are James L. Blakeney, Berton . Bronson, Ralph C. Diebert, Edmond J. B. Hart, Jefferson F. Isbell, Archibald A. Lancaster, Cornelius Francis M. McCoy, Thomas L. McKenna, Mylon D. Merchant, James Sliney, Edward L. Trett and Walter B. Zimmerman. otified on June 14 by tels h = Toes Bt Dy e rendition-of éfficiency reports on June 30! P. of each year instead of on December 31, WILL ‘SOON TAKE COMMAND ATLANTIC AND This work it command- y A et Mokl M A B AL BN o T L0 R RS o IR G T i ST SO T T8 . M L S S S as at present prescribed. The command- ers have been notified to take the neces- sary steps to inform all officers serving within the territorial limits of their cam- mands to this effect. Similar action will en by the adjutant general with regard to officers on duty within the District of Columbia. The Wm. Beaumant General Hospital at E| Paso, Texas, was formerly opened on June 15. Patients, personnel and the necessary equipment is being transferred to this hospital from the station hospital at Fort Bliss, Texas. The latter insti- tution will be closed. - g 1 A selection board for the supply corps personnel will meet on July 12 1o recommend the selection of 15 offi- cers for the pérmanent grade of cap- tain _and 35 for commander. The board will consist of Capts. John S. Carpenter, S. C., president, and Liv. ingston Hunt, John J. Cheatham, Wil- liam J. Littell and*Frank T. Arms, with Lieut. W. S. Hullfish as re- corder. * Increasrd Hospital Facilities. The coustruction of an enlarged hospital at San Diego, Callf,, in the near future at a total cost of $1,975,- 000, seems an assured facr, according to ‘unofficial advices. The temporary hospital with a capacty of only 150 beds i8 caring for more than 400 pa. tients. Tt 15 hoped by medical authorities that sufficient modern bulldings will be provided In order to dake proper care of the sick and Injured operat- ers, submarnes, stations and marine barracks. Additional land re- quired for the new hospital has been donated by the city of San Diego. Enlisted Strength Under 120,000 The enlisted strength of the Navy dropped below 120,000 in the week ending June 13, in that period 662 men being separated from the servicd. The strength of the enlisted personnl was 119,945, which includes 785 reserves on active duty and 1,466 men in naval prisons or under discipline. Re-en- listments are holding to a high aver- age, also first enlistments, but not sufficiently high to offset the separa. tions. The Navy now has 7,295 regu- lar officers and 755 reserves on lcgg duty status. The strength of midship- men at the Naval Academy isi 1,751. The Marine Corps is making a small but steady gain in enlisted strength and it stood at 21,950 on June 13, in- cluding 7 reservists and 295 men in prisons or under discipline. Assignment of Veasels. Three vessels will probably be des- ignated within the next few days by the commander-in-chief of the Atlan- tic fleet to represent this country at the centennial of Peruvian independ- ence, which begins July 24 and runs Rosvsh he IRk e s safen, attles] o has ben ordered v from the first line of the fleet, also will be de- clded in a few days. A celebration ‘which will be held at Plymouth, Mass., August 1 will be attended by Pres! dent Harding, the Navy being repre- sented by several war vessels. Ord - lers announce the detachment of Capt. Henry J. Ziegemeier from the bureau of navigation, where he has been in charge of the Navy reserve division, and to assume duty as gen- eral inspector of the new California, under construction. at Mare Island, with & view to command of that ves- sel when she goes in commission in August. Capt. mard R. Sargent has been detached from command of Squadron 5, destroyer force of the Pacific fleet, 4 wil command Squadron No. 11 of the same force, exchanging duties with Capt. Harlan !;:-rrnl. ‘who commianded ‘lq.nfl- ron - - withdrawn from the | TO JOIN UNION SOON Protectiomof Rights Under Canal Treaty With United States Chief Obstacle in Way. ‘ ‘ BY BEN MeKELWAY. LTHOUGH a growing popular- ity among the people of Nica- ragua for the Federation of Central America leaves little doubt as to the ultimate action of that republic in becoming a member of the union, Nicaragua will main- tain herrelf as an independent nation for some time to come, according to Gen. Emillano Chamorro, newly appointed Nicaraguan minister to States. Despite the popular sentiment | try, for the union, Gen. Chamorro states, the government feels the time has not yet arrived for surrendering its in- dividuality in favor of a merger with Honduras, Guatemala and Salvador. The Bryan-Chamorro treaty, the greatest obstacle in the way of Nica- ragua's becoming a member of the union, is held too dear by the gov- ernment of Nicaragua, Gen. Chamorro says, to risk the loss of its pro- ex; and natural reorganization while on an expedition Into the heart of South America. The Deruvian' govs ernment has announced it will afford all faclities poesible for the admission and transportation @§ the memorial into and through Peru. The Peru- vian government and the Bolivian government will be represented -t the unweiling excrcises, September 23, and Mrs. J. A. Sanford of New York. will repsesent the Vassar Alumnae Association. PR Dr. Carlos Chagas. distinguished the United | Brazilian scientist. visting this coun- received the honorary degree of master of sclence from Harvard Uni- versity Friday.. Dr. Chagas discov- ered the disease which now bears his name. He is director of public health in Brazil and director of the Oswaldo Cguz Institute. He has been promi- nently identified In recent years with sanitary and hLealth work in South America done in co-operation with the Rockefeller Institute. * % X ¥ The leading countries of Europe, ns by joining the federation. The ihp“' the United States and all the republics of South America have an- De! of the government incident to forma- | nounced their intention of being rep- tion of the union are other factors|resented at the Peruvian centenary of which account for Nicaragua's atti- tude. Regarding the provisions of the Bryan-Chamorro treaty, the minister states that Nicaragua’s hope for the! independence, which will be held at Lima July 24 to 31 next. The heads of most of the missions will have the rank of special ambassadors, and their reception will be marked with construction of a canal through her|the dignity and honor due their territory at some future date has | position. been brightened by the fact that if use of the Panama canal continues to increase at the present rate, the gonstruction of another Waterway through Nicaragua may become nec- essary. It is easy to see the benefits which would result, the minister states, and Nicaragua has no inten- tion of forfeiting them until com- plete assurance has been given that such would not be the case if she joins the federation. Assurances made so far, he states, are not con- sidered satisfactory. Nicaragua's stands on this_question, he said fur- ther, has not been influenced by the ‘ed States in the least. Nicarague, in company with other countries of South and Central Amer- ica. has experienced great difficulty in fnding a_ market for her products, which in Nicaragua's case. are mostly agricultural. This has produced an unhealthy business depression, with no immediate improvement in sight. The government, however, is taking remedial measures in the form of ex- tended credit to the farmers. while the construction of the railroad. financed by New York bankers, which will run from the Atlantic coast to the Lake of Nicaragua in the inte- rior. will have its good effects in bringing trade and furnishing a quick outlet to Nicaragua's products. The survey for the railroad now is under way, the minister states, and will be completed some time next month, con- struction to begin soon thereafter. Gen. ymorro is_well known in Washington, where he served before as minister from 1913 to 1916, leaving here to enter the presidential cam- raign which resulted in his election. He succeeds Senor Dr. Don Alejandro Cesar, who leaves Washington this week for Europe. % % great deal of significance has been attached to the re ks of Sec- retary of State Hughes at a dinner given in his honor here recently by Dr. Maximo H. Zepeda, Nicaraguan minister of foreign affairs, in which the Secretary expressed his approval of the Central American Federation. declaring that ‘if these proposals should meet with the acquiescence of all the peoples concerned it would, in the opinion of this government, be & happy result. as it would seem that important advantages would accure through united effort in the field of ccmmon interest.” The Secreatry’s statement has been interpreted to mean that ‘should aragua join the federation, she will do so with the full approval of the United States. And Mr. Hughes' re- marks are the first intimation of this country's attitude on the question. The provisional council of the union is now meeting in Tegucigalpa. Hon- duras. Guatemala, Honduras and Sal- vador are represented. Jose Vincente Martinez of (iuate- mala, has been made president of the council, and Francisco Martinez Saurez of Salvador, secgetary. One of the first actions of the council was the decision to extend another invi- tation to Nicaragua to join the fed- eration. Reports state that the consti- uent assembly will have completed its labors in time to declare the union organized on September 15, the 100th anniversary of Central American in- dependence. * % % % A memorial purchased by funds raised ,among tht students and alumni of Vassar college has just been shipped from this country to Peru. to be placed on a little island in Lake Titicaca to mark the g e of the late Prof. James Orton of Vassar, who died HOW DISABLED VETERANS ARE BEING RETRAINED (Continued from First Page.) sorporated in the developing of the aopastment of co-operation under the Federal Board for Vocational In its report to the Pres| dent. Gen. Dawes' committee recol mended “that such ‘humanizing ser' jces' be provided -in the district of- fices as will give the beneficiaries not only financial aid and medical and educational services at present provided for by law, but algo helpful helghborliness in their contact with the government as will make them feel that the whole nation is inti- matets concerned in their welfare habilitation.” And rehe the identical work which the department of co-operation has been developing in its personal service unit. The persoral service staff motto is “nospitality, friendship and cordial- It is responsible for doing any l.z:. ‘work necessary in order to get a disabled man into training, keep him in training and insure the proper ess in his work. It must thrash 2;:':’“)\ him his personal and indi- vidual problems, which are so vital a factor in the making over of a dis couraged, disabled, discharged soldier foto & heartened self-supporting citi- zen. To him the obstacles in the way of accepting training benefits too often seem insurmountable. Right here is the place for “humanising services,” and, anticipating the diffi- cultles, it is the duty of the personal service officer to have many long and patient talks with him and his fam- ily; he must be helped to arrange fox: the care of members of his _family while he is away, in case the form of training he elects takes him away from home, apd they must be reas- sured that he is not going ‘back into the Army.” The family must under- stand about the maintenance pay which will be received while the man e taking training; and must have some one to turn to ho“lgn:lfi‘el: mone ent for emers e The man must have suit- may arise. # able clothing to leave home, an to carry him enough cash in pocket to o M w weeks BYET i, "For draining Doy federal board arrives. Meeting Emergencies. - After the man enters training there are other opportunities for service, in order to keep him settled. He has trouble finding a place to board, or his insurance premiums fall due at an inopportune time, or word comes from home that his wife is ill. Or, perchance, his family, with the best intentions in the world, decide they will give him a pleasant little , and, packing up bag and , and sometimes furniture, it arrives at from the the | plication. Many of the delega- tions will go aboard war vessels which will participate in the centennia' cer- emonies. 3 Gen. Mangin will head the French mission, accompanied by a number of French army officers who will re- main in Peru after the celebration to assist in the reorganization of that country’s army. The Earl of Dundonald, a great- grandson of Lord Cochrane, one of the men who commanded the Chilean and Peruyjan fleets during the war for independence and who was a {prominent factor in gaining that free- dom. will* head the British mission. The Spanish mission will be h ed by Count de la Vinaza, a grandee of the Spanish court and one of the foremost statesmen of his country. Baron de Gros, a distinguished statesman and financier, will head the Belgian mission, and Archbishop Pie- tropaoli, special nuncio, will head a mission, representing the Vatican, the jother members of hiz party being Prince _Orsini of the Papal Guard, Count Borgia and Dr. Giovnanni. The papal delegation is now in the Unit- ed States on its way to Peru. Other countries have not announced their delegations. Special trips of interest to various parts of Peru will be arranged in hon- ior of the visitors and there will be an _international exhibition at the capital. The Order of the Sun, an institution created in 1821 for bestowinz honors bn distinguished men, but which later | was discontinued. has been revived. and this order will be conferred upon a number of the participants in the exercises. k% x The board of directors of *he Ameri- can Chamber of Commerce of Buenos Aires has approved a project for publishing an American monthly magazine in Brazil. carrving Ameri- can advertisements and devoted to the study of Brazilian-American trade problems. The magazine, it is said, will fill a long feit want for an offi- clal organ for the chamber. The first issue will appear July 15. * % * % The Chilean government announces that the census taken in 1920 re- vealed that the population of the country amounted to 3,806,320, an in- crease of 500,000 in the last thirteen years. * * * % A French and Italian aviation mis- sion under contract with the gov- ernment of Ecuador as instructors {and administrators in the new na- tional school of aviation has arrived {in Ecuador. Under its supervision, {airplane flights are being made daily to the outlying provinces and some of them across the main range of the Andes. The Ecuadorean governmont Dplans to establish shortly aerial post- o al routes to the inaccessible sections of the country. * % ¥ % Dr. L. S. Rowe, director general of the Pan-American Union, spoke in New York Friday at exercises held under the auspices of the Hispanic Society of America, in honor of the centenary of the birth of Bartolome Mitre, distinguished Argentine a- triot, historian and Statesman, Re- ferring to Mitre as one of the gremts est men ever produced by Argentiga. and a man who occuples & foremost position in America’s hall of fame, Dr. Rowe lauded his attainments as ex- amples which the American na- tions should strive to follow. training center, with no thought' of housing problems or anything else. " The case arises of a man who bag been cligible for training butwho 18 not taking advantage of it. It is the duty of the personal service officer to visit such man, clear up any misun- derstanding, family disarrangement or personal difficulties which may be keep- ing him from entering training. Again man who is In training comes to ask how to get his child to school. This is no special training difficulty, but a problem of a wayward child which needs attention from some one qualified to such service. Suppose & man in the hospital is worried_about his family because has had to give up training and take medical treatment; the personal service officer would tell him actually how he cqgld resume training when he is able, and could assure him that his family difficulties_would be met during his absence. This would relieve the ma: mind and make quicker recovery pos sible. Benefit of Personal Talk. There is on record the case of a man without much schooling who was recommended for a course at Michi- gan University. He thought it would be of no use for him and informed the board that he did not want train- ing. It was up to the personal serv- ice officer to chat with him and ex- plain that the course was a special one for which he had proper em- trance requirements. Another man wanted animal husbandry and refused to take training because his notifi- cation read “agriculture.” The per- sonal service officer was able to ex- plain to him that t{xe particular course in the agriculture college gave him snimal husbandry and he en-' tered training. Such emergencies as the following must be met by the personal service S officer. A man came late Saturday afternoon to the foderal board say- ing that he was a patient on leave' and that he had arrived home to find his brother very ill and wanted & doctor for him at once. The brother was an ex-service man who had nev- or made a claim for compensation, he had been out of the service for over s year and had never been well since discharged. Because he had not made a claim, the Public. Heaith Service could not send a physiclan; Home neither could the Red Cro: Service section send a vi . In fact there was no machinery under whose province this case fell, so the personal service scction sent an of- ficer to see the man, secured a phy- sician so that he might have immedi- ate treatment and at the same time goi him to sign his comDensation ap-: