Diario las Américas Newspaper, April 10, 1958, Page 10

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people Sth YEAR @ A SAN ROMAN W. SMITH 8. SMITR President u. Viee President Vice President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Viee vresident Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Managine Editor Publishea datly except Monday — Entered as second class mater wt the Post Office of Miami Springs fla. op February & 1950 EDITORIAL CUBA'S POLITICAL TRAGEDY Undeniably, the Cuban nation lives now through a sorrowful chapter of its history, facing a situation that has all the characteristics of a true political tragedy. The open and determined struggle between large opposition sectors and the Government’ has developed into a fight which bleeds the country and impairs all activities in whichever way they mean progress and well being. The political nature of the regime, whose authority fundamentally originated in the coup of March 11, 1952, determines this institutional crisis, which the great majority tof the people reject, because the Cuban loves liberty and wishes to live and enjoy the advantages of democracy. In the past few years, particularly during 1957 and during the current year, the whole island has been the stage of bloody events, of persecutions primitive in form and consequences. It is no exaggeration to say that in Havana, as well as in the other provinces of the country, particularly in Oriente Province, there is absence of tran- quillity, of peace and order, even if some commercial and social activities still go on. It the middle of such political confusion, of constant perpetration of acts of violence by both the opposition and the Government, the necessary feeling of public assurance, of respect to the property and the dignity of the individual, cannot exist in Cuba. It is not the case of a minor alteration of public order, but one of sustained rebellion of many sectors against the Govern- ment, and in which the official response has always been in tints of violent repression and measures that could hardly lead to the patriotic solution of the problem. _ It is no secret that in Cuba the situation that prevails is absolutely abnormal and offers no hope for an early return of tranquillity, unless there is a more or less radical change in the political rolls of the country, especially in what pertains to the Government. As is known, the op- position forces demand the immediate change of the pub- lic authorities, and the total eradication of all traces of Batista influence in the spheres of government. For those who have respect for liberty, to whom democracy offers the only reasonable form of Government, who admire and love'the noble Cuban nation, the present state of affairs in Cuba is mighty saddening. Everyone in America wishes to see the generous land of Marti emerge successfully from the present crisis, with the: republican institutions rightfully restores. Ke KK Ke OR Latin American Finance PON ee Le 5 Cents—Outstde Metropolitan area, 10 cents, | of burning incense, danced around D by All The Ameri SANTIAGO, Chile. (UP).—The| American governments, including that of the United States, unani- mously ratified a decision to create a Latin American common market, and recommended to the Economi Commission for Latin America (ECLA), to give priority and the greatest possible impulse | to the studies it is realizing with that purpose. ECLA’s committee ended its| days of sessions here with the ap- proval, witheut discussion, of a motion submitted by Chile on the matter, During the last session, repre- sentatives of the labor organiza- tions recognized by the United federation of Christian expressed fear about possible un-/ favorable ‘consequences for the workers with the creation of the Know thy t Neighbo By ANTONIO RUIZ MEXICO — The majority of the many and varied Mexican popular | | dances are a mixture of the abori- | ginal and the Spanish, the first veiled in mystery, while the se- cond is penetrated by European and Moorish influences; in both, the manifestations closely related to native traditions are the. most interesting, There are no complete records of the aboriginal dances. According to the Spanish priests, | the only historians during colonial | times, the:dance among the Aztecs | and their neighbors was an official | institution with a dual religious purpose and military function. The main choreographic-expressions of the earlv Mexican Indians were staged in honor of their deities. In them hierophants, or religious leaders, breathing fragrant clouds | Nations —the World Labor Fede-| ration and the International Con-| Unions— | jfor Dallas, Texas, after a week| For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA,, THURSDAY, APRIL 10, 1958 ecision fo Establish a Latin | American Common Market Ratified can Governments - Domiciano Soto, of the World Labor Federation, leftist, asked if creation of a regional market would not be a capitalist solution, affirming that workers should par- ticipate in ECLA’s work, with the right to vote. The Secretariat pointed out| that only the governments have] vote within the organization, ac-| cording to the by-laws. Soto spoke for a long time about the depression in the United States, and said that it is fortunate that Chile, Argentina and other} | nations are trying to intensify their | trade with the communist coun- tries, Chile and Colombia submitted a motion reflecting in part the fear of the labor representatives, in the sense that the Secretariat, in its work, takes into consideration the workers viewpoints. The resolu- tion was approved. A’s work ‘onomic | that for It considers that EC is oriented mainly in the and social field, and sa that reason it is of special im portance for worke and, as a consequence, it is convenient that their viewpoints’ are taken into consideration by the committee. Ratification by the government on the studies made until now to establish the basis for the Latin American regional common market, is of special importance for ECLA, which now will be able |to dedicate its maximum efforts to the matter. The second meeting of experts which has already formulated twelve points for the establish-) ment of the market is scheduled for the end of this year, and it is possible that then a final draft} is approved, to be submitted to the consideration of the govern-) ments. Washington Visit Result Satisfies Chilean Deputies WASHINGTON, — (UP). — A delegation of Chilean Deputies left THE AMERICAS DAILY ’ Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 234 Shooting Breaks Out in Downtown Havana, as Bomb Explosion Near Minister Office Causes Blackout ? Seek U.S. Asylum unites Press Staff Correspondent) ports said the insurgents captur- Four More Cuban Airline Pilots By FRANCIS L. MCCARTHY | Rebels Invade Radio Station, Force Announcers to Say “Strike is on” | | Reinoso in Camagiiey. These re- HAVANA. (UP). — Widespread) ed some arms at Cascorro, but no By UNITED PRESS shooting broke out in downtown Four more Cuban airlines pilots; Havana today and a bomb blast) sought political asylum in the U,S,| °pposite the prime minister's of-| after flying a C-46 cargo plane fice knocked out all electric pow-| here from Havana in a daring| &- | escape, It appeared rebel leader Fidel | Castro’s long — heralded all-out) Capt. Fuasto Gémez, leader of) offensive against the government| the group, said he talked a ‘and Trade News Reports lion, with most of the increase occurring in the first six months. Commerce Deparment Reviews | | the huge statutes of the gods. Or | they performed war dances to the | beating of gigantic drums, and us | ed the suund of shell-horns to kin- | dle the fighting spirit in young re- cruits. Distributed throughout the year, dances celebrated all the visiting government officials, Con- gressman, and Diplomats, and they! said they were very satisfied for the frankness in which they dis- cussed the economie and financial Cuban army major into releasing the Expresso Aero cargo plane on the pretext that it was needed for a “training flight”. “We had the plane’s two en- ines going full blast until we w Florida, Then we relaxed”, said Gomez, Somé 26 Cuban commercial pi- lots have now sought asylum ‘in Miami since April 3, when they say they were ordered drafted into the Cuban air force to fly guns from the Dominican Repub- lic into their strife-torn country. Capt. Gomez said he and his three co-pilots were the last Ex- presso Aero crew members They took off from Columbia military field, near Havana, Tues- day afternoon, and ‘arrived at Miami International Airport about) 5 p. m. The co-pilots included Humberto Blanco, Domingo To- res, and Fernando Alvarez. they were kept under constant surveillance by ment officials. “Even when I went police put on bathing suits and followed”, he said. He added that the Cuban air force had fighter planes at Co- | lumbia field. “But,” Gomez said, “I radioed them that this was a local train-| | ing flight and they did not bother us”, Before they left, Gomez said | Cuban _ govern-| to the beach with two girls, the} jof President Fulgencio Batista was| | under way. At 11 a.m. rebel raiders invad-| ed a radio station in suburban | Vedado and forced announcers to run a record proclaiming that “the general strike is about to} | start”. One bomb exploded near the) United Press office in the areade of the Hotel Sevilla Biltmore. WORKERS FLEE Banks in the area immediately closed their doors and workers) | fled for cover. Shops in the area |also were closing. Police with tommy guns and | in| army intelligence agents took over) o¢ american newsmen —including |Cuba, and their plane was the'the Prado, Havana’s main street,) John 1, Skelly of the United company’s last remaining craft. |and began a block —by— block press on a tour of prisons and | hunt for rebel gunmen. | The blast near the prime min-! ister’s office was preceded by an apparently unsuccessful rebel at- tempt to raid the national armory in old Havana. | The shooting was only a block from naval headquarters on the} waterfront. Naval guard fired) short bursts of machinegun fire | to clear the streets. This dispatch was telephoned | to the United Press in New York. | The sound of sirens and gunfire | was clearly audible over the tele-| phone. | Despite the rebel — enforced ra- dio announcement that the gener-| al strike “is about to start”, there | further details were available. In Santiago, long a center of rebel violence, a blast believed to have been caused by sabotage wrecked two warehouses belonging | to the American-owned Cuban Air | Products Company. A watchman is| missing and three passersby were slightly injured. The two buildings, used to store cylinders of gas intended for me-| dical or industrial use, were a} total loss. Exploding cylinders of} hydrogen, oxygen and acetylene! gas hurtled several hundred feet} through the air like missiles, and! a steel door was hurled onto a} roof top 80 feet away. I Cuban Air Products’ compres- sion plant in Santiago was des-| troyed several weeks ago by rebel) arsonists. NEWSMEN TAKEN ON PRISON TOUR In Havana, police took a number captured rebel hideouts intended | to offset “the lies printed in your papers”, The newsmen were shown a! printing plant which police said) had been turning out “war bonds” for the communists and for Fidel Castro’s rebels. They also were allowed to talk to a number of prisoners, includ- ing Luis A. Martin, who said he} had been a communist for 20) years, Martin told the newsmen} that the reds an the rebels are working together against Presi- dent’ Fulgencio Batista. Martin, who said he had visited} Moscow and various other iron-| curtain capitals, said the party| paid him $120 a month to hand out rebel literature and offer pro- paganda aid to the insurgents. | was no indication that it had ac-| tually begun. It was speculated that the rebel terror tactics were designed to) keep people off the streets. The bombs were thrown from problems of their country. Trade With Latin America The FOREIGN COMMERCE WEEKLY, the U.S. Department of Commerce official magazine, re- viewed in a recent issue U.S. for- | eign trade for 1958. ' According te the report, states | Marion A. Leonard Manager of the ) Miami Field Office, U.S. foreign Althougs petroluem investments were mainly responsible for the C,jendar which was known as | recent upsurge, activity in other pomalemat!, or Paper of the Sun, | industries also has been greater | nq were expressions of the pea | than in most earlier periods. | sant’s hoves when planting seeds, | FOREIGN COMMERCE WEEK. | their anguish when the rainy sea- | LY, states Mr. Leonard, may be SoM Was delayed, or the general re- | obtained from the Miami Field Of. | joycing in the spring or at harvest fice, 316 Post Office Building, time. , 300 N. E 1st Avenue. Paradoxically. the most savage feasts recorded in the Ceremonial | | trade will be buoyant in 1958 al- though it will not match the un-) precedented boom of 1957. | | With respect to Latin America, | | weakened prices of principal ex: | | port commodities, the business | slowdown in the United States, | and political uncertainties, com- Dollar Shortage Hurting U. S. Exports fo Latin America PHILADELPHIA, (UP), — A prominent banker, upon returning bined to create a less favorable outlook tor Latin American mar- from a trip to South America said that “a shortage of dollars” in | from the area of petroleum, iron ‘kets as the first quarter of 1958 | Latin American countries is hurt- drew to a close The heavy export ing U. S. exports to that region, surplus of the U.S,-in 1957) amounting to $4,000,000,000. | in its trade with Latin America, : ii amounting to $910 million, Aidan A. Potts, Presiden: of though financed in large part by |‘M€ Philadelphia National Bank, loans, grants, investments, and said “the problem is so critical tourist expenditures, resulted in that Colombia has sent a delega- the drawing down of the exchange tion to this country to take mat- reserves of several of the larger tt up with business men and countries notably Argentina and 8°vernment officials”, ‘ I es tate ee aetna | Potts declared that the dollar in in imports, especially from the dot. | the Latin American countries is lar area. Despite these bearish fac-|V¢TY Searce and that for years it) tors the trade outlook is not un- favorable except in comparison with the peak levels of 1957. U.S. exports to the 20 Latin American . . : r republics rose to a record of $2.4|may have its origen in various billion in the second half of 1957,|Phases, including the temporal de- 6 per cent over the first six | Pression in U. S. and the increase | months of the year, and 21 per|in price of imported goods and the cent over the second half of 1956, | drop in price of exported raw ma- Imports from the region totaled | terials. | $1.8 billion, a decline of 5 per, cent from the previous half year, | |has been worse. The only coun- \tries which are not affected by this crisis are Venezuela and Cuba. The banker said that the crisis | Potts suggested, as a possible| . buf an increase of about 6 per S°lution, an increase in the invest-| ent over the second half of 1956, Ment of capital in Latin America. | Shipment of automobiles to Lat | He explained many American com- in America declined during the se-| Panies are already investing more’ | gd of 1957, but were above capital in that region. _ the average. Exports of ma- MEXICO EXPANDING chinery, metals and manufactures, POWER FACILITIES _ civilian ae and chemicals _were up The volume of coffee} MONTERREY, México. (UP).—| purchased by the United States|The “Grupo Industrial” es | | generating company will invest 40,-| increased in the last half-year, but in a ore and zinc were up, but copper purchases slackened. the value declined, U.S. imports | 000,000 pesos ($3,200,000) | project to add 500,000 KW to its) | present generating capacity of 77,- U.S. private investment in thel vot? | Latin American Republics grew at | a record rate in the pust two years, | Possible with the aim of complet-| x, | Work is proceeding as fast as and ferocious celebrations are found side by side in that calendar with the most poetic feasts in hon- or of the flowers. for which the warlike Aztecs showed an over- | whelming love and admiration, In fact, flowers, feathers, and emer- | ald-green jade were praised by| them as the three most precious, things ir the world and deemed even more valuablegthan gold. The dances in honor of the Flower Goddess Xochiquetzal, and of the! Five Flowers of Macuilxochitl, the god of music and therefore of the dance, were the most popular and picturesque festivals of the whole year. been preserved until modern Only a faint shadow of the ori- ~ginal sp:endor of those dances has | times. But an idea can be had of their size and character when visit- ing the buildings at Yucatan, Mit- | 14 and Teotinuacan, with their spa- cious courts for the performance of pageants, and their extensive terraces on which the whole popu- lation of the vicinity could be as- sembled| Such open-air auditori ums far surpass any modern sta dium in size and capacity. In qua- lity as well as in volume, modern native dances are but a poor ves- tige of their originals. Nothing of the original customs and ways of the indigenous popu- lation was encouraged or preservy- ed, not even tolerated, by the) Spanish conquerors. who destroyed | many things regardless of their | aesthetic or ethical value. How. | ever, thev evidently considered the | dance in a lightly different light. In it they sensed a vital instru- ment for esoteric religious expres- sion and attempted to use it as a/ part of the Catholic ceremonial. | Thus, native elements were turn- | ed to alien interests. And thus, too, | native subjects were impregnated | with the Spanish spirit. in place of the exploits of the | Knights of the Eagle and the. nights of the ‘Tiger, there ap- the survey reports In 1956, $800| ing the project before the end of| peared, with rather grotesque re- million was added to direct invest- ments in Latin America, raising | the total book value to $7.4 bil- |jfion by the beginning of 1957, | Data for 1957 are still tentative, but the increase for the year is es- fimated at slightly over $1 bil- & i qi |the year, officials said. The new plants will go a long way toward solving the power sults, the heroic feats of Moorish and Spanish paladins who, under the patronage of the Saints, help- | sion, both in the political as in the ' States”. All the members of the group said they have noticed a sincere interest on the part of the Amer- ican officials to solve the economic crisis that Latin America faces as a result in the price drop of ba- sie products. The Chilean Deputies ‘declared | that they left very well impressed for the liberty of eriticsm among} the various branches of the gov-| ernment of the U.S. They also praised the Repub- lican and Democratic parties for) the ways in which they cooperate | in matters as the foreign aid and| jthe economic depression in this} country. Héctor Correa Letelier, Presi-) dent of the Deputies Chamber, said: “T believe our talks have contri-| buted to the mutual comprehen- economic. We leave with a better understanding of the genuine dem-) ocratic leadership of the United Cuban Consul in Caracas Resigns CARACAS, (UP), — The Cuban Consul in this city, José Rodri- guez Valdés, resigned stating his health condition is not good and because of the political situation | ‘oft his country. “I have a bad heart, he said, and I, am very discouraged with the last events in my country”. He sent a cablegram to Havana Government resigning, after 10 years as first class Consul in Ca- racas. His daughter, Carmen Teresa,| who was a Civil Attaché in the Cuban Embassy in Venezuela, also \resigned declaring “she was not ‘in agreement with Batista’s po- licy”. Rodriguez was visited by the 26 of July Group after his decision HEMISPHERIC, EVENTS was known, Latin American ‘DOMINICAN NEWSMAN. GRANTED ASYLUM BOGOTA, (UP). — The Colom- bian government sent orders to the Embassy in Cuba to grant po-| litical asylum to Dominican news- paperman Pablo Martinez, who is Havana maintaining he is perse- cuted by the Dominican Republic Government. Martinez was arrested days ago y the Cuban police, according to reports received by the National Press Commission, which initiated steps before the Government for asylum, The Commission was informed \that the Cuban police tortured Honduras, nor that any clashes have occurred. Rumors have spread in the last days inthis connection, and for some days Nicaraguan planes have been flying over the border, to observe any movement of Somo- |za’s opponents. In spite of the calm in the bor- der, the government is on the | alert. President Somoza returned to Managua from the farm “La Fun- dadora” where he spent the Holy | Week. MEXICAN WORKS FOR COSTA RICAN RADIO MEXICO. (UP). — Twenty five moving cars. | The power blackout affected the! United Press office which sealed | its windows and continued work-| ing with light from storm lamps. Guerrilla Warfare Grows in Provinces' ONLY LATIN AMERICA HAS MILITARY CZARS: EISENHOWER DECLARES WASHINGTON. (UP). — Presi- dent Eisenhower meeting the Press| today said that in these modern) times there were not military Czars, certain Latin American | countries excepted. HAVANA, April 9. (UP).—Gue-| He made the statement denying rrilla warfare was reported today | that in his program of: military | to have spread from rebel-infested| peorganization for the United) Oriente to two more of Cuba’s six) states, there was no sign that the |provinces — Las Villas and Ca- Secretary of Defense could turn | Magiiey. into a military Czar. The army announced that four rebels were killed and a soldier) In the course of the discussion, and a policeman injured “when | the President said he would like }a communist-led group seeking to) jalter public order” tried to burn | |several homes at Quemado de |Quines, in Las Villas. Private reports which could not immediately be confirmed said | small rebel forces attacked army) ‘outposts at Cascorro and Alvaro! News in Brief VENEZUELAN INVITED TO LABOR MEETING CARACAS. (UP). — The gov- ernment of Venezuela received ,an | ipvitation from the ‘International abor Organization for the Labor International Conference meeting in Geneva next June, Venezuela recently re-joined the ILO, after having been out of it for some years following instruc- tions of the ousted Pérez Jiménez regime, Pérez Jiménez withdrew on account of strong criticisms to his then government policy with the workers made by the Organiza- tion when it met on a ‘conference in Caracas some time ago. to say something about what he considered common deceit regard- ing the danger of the military) leaders to change to Czars. Modern history Czars have not been military leaders, he said, ex cept in certain Latin American countries. | | | | | MEXICAN TRYING TO AVERT POWER STRIKE “ MEXICO CITY. (UP), — Nego> tiations were resumed here be- tween the’ Mexican Electrical Worketrs’ Union and the Mexican Light and Power Company over economic clauses of the workers’ proposed new contract. The union has threatened to strike tomorrow if an accord is not reached, leav- ing the center of the republic without, light or power. Discussions broke down Satur- day when the union held to its demand of a 40 hour week. Union representative Agustin Sanchez Delint conceded that the 40 hour week would cost an added $80,000 Martinez and that it is intended |broadcasting stations of Costa Ri- MEXICAN DECORATED to deliver to the Dominican Gov- ernment, SOMOZA DENIES REVOLT RUMORS MANAGUA, April 8. (UP). — shortage faced by industrial plants’ ed to vanquish the foes of the or- | President Luis A. Somoza declar- in this manufacturing center of northern México, “Grupo Indus- trial” eftieials said, thodox faith. \ (Continued tomorrow) ~ Spanish Version Page 3 ~ ed there is no foundation for the Tumors that there are Nicaraguan revolutionaries on the border avith jea will transmit soon a serie Me- xican radio works, as the Costa Rican broadcaster, Guillermo Her- nandez Guerrero, who is here to buy some radio scripts. He added that the “Radio Co- lumbia” broadcasting station of San José, Costa Rica, will be the main station to transmit the Me- xican works beginning in May. BUENOS AIRES, (UP). — In a ceremony of the Army Ministry, General Education Supervisor, Gen- eral Carlos Toranzo Montero, awarded the Order of May for mi- litary service, as Commander, to Col. Roberto Yafiez Vazquez, Mi- yearly to the company, but said this was nothing considering Me- xican light’s gross annual income of $52,000,000, i The workers have asked a 40- hour work week, a company fi- nanced housing program, retire- ment with total pay, and full pay TEMPERATURE wg centigrade The Unfortunate Revolutions of Latin America In almost all instances, mili- tary revolts have sunk many of the Latin American Republics into a sea of desperation and chaos, Unless- the action is one for national recuperation, the polit- ical vietory resulting from inter- nal turmoil has always adverse- ly affected democracy, because those who govern as a result of military treason know the real origin of their power, and in discharging their official duties they do not have the country in mind, they do no effort to exalt the institutions of the Re- public, and much less do they concern themselves with assur- ing all political guarantees to the citizen. They know they have reached the top through the use of armed violence, that the people have not contributed to their victory and that there has been no doctrinal inspira- tion of a democratic nature, That is why they are only in- terested in all that means their continuation in power, being careful to maintain their: back- ing of bayonets, which was the kind of support that elevated them to the highest offices of ” the Republic. Any time there is an unjus- tifiable revolt, if the citizens stand valiantly in civil resist- ance, rejecting military domina- tion, making use of all available means to disavow the authority born out of armed rebellion, the military bosses would hardly be so willing to throw themselves into the adventure of a revolt, because it may be easy to win a skirmish or a battle in the military field, but it is not as easy to win over a whole nation that, conscious of its political destiny, stands at least in civie resistance against the usurpers. The circumstances that sur- round military coups not always leave much margin for action against the collective force of a democratic nation; of people that as soon as the offense to the Republic takes place, as soon as the constitutional order is altered by those who have the obligation to respect it, raise civilly and decorously against those who with the use of bayo- nets try to submit the Nation and make a plaything of their own and for their advantage of ° the public ministries they will hold for the duration of their tenure. Hf the people do not act fast against any coup or any anti- democratic move, it will cost, them later many more sacrifices to rid of the dictatorship. For that reason, every citizen should be fully aware of these situa- tions, so that no special coordi- nation may be necessary in the event of crisis, Every one should know beforehand his po- sition in the defense of the institutions of the Republic. And in these cases, that defense has to at least correspond to a~ movement of civil resistance, | When the people make use of | this resort, the military rebels find themselves much more powerless to achieve, if that is ever possible, the annihilation of democracy. Argentine Envoy to Moscow Quits MOSCU. (UP). — Emilio del Ca- rril, Argentine Ambassador, left < for his country which he repre- sented in the Soviet Union for two years. ; Del Carril, one of the Western diplomats” most respected here, was farewelled -with a luncheon offered by the Mexican Ambas- sador Alfonso de Rosenzweig Diaz. Some high officials of the govern- ment attended the luncheon, among them V, Kuznetsov, provi- sional Foreign Minister. Del Carril left for, Praga. Subscribe to the litary Attaché from México, who ceased im his work. for vacations instead of sent 76 per eent. the oy | k: