Diario las Américas Newspaper, April 2, 1958, Page 10

a Inter - American News for English - Speaking people 5th YEAR ea SAN ROMAN 8. SMITB President Viee President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Vice President Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Managine Editar &. W. SMITH Vice President Publishea dally except Monday ~ Entered as gecond class matter a the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. on February 8. 1950. EDITORIAL DOCTRIN L_ ORIENTATION Democratic leaders who, for some reason, are deposi- taries of public trust, have the political and civic duty to spread their ideas and programs, so that the people may know why they follow those leaders, and which are the fundamental reasons of their concern and activities as citizens. In this manner, it will be avoided to a great extent that political activities and movements are concentrated around personal leaders, since each citizen, besides the sympathy and respect that individually he may have for those leaders, will have something more transcendental: the ideological program. Some times it is not intentionality that the leaders disregard this aspect of their mission, that is, to define the position of the party and divulge its political ideas. But the fact is that, for one or several reasons, there are peoples who follow with enthusiasm the line drawn by their leaders, knowing very little which are, in the doctrinal field, the reas: for that conduct. Democracy, in order to function properly, in order to fulfill its high philosophical. mission, must be strengthened in the conscience of each individual. For that reason, the citizen affiliated to any party has the right and the obligation to know what is the real ideal of his group, what it is looking for, how it is adjusted to his way of thinking and feeling, ete. And in order to have each citizen conscious of what his party ideologically represents, so that he may feel responsible of his conduct within the eee pe, group, he needs a clear explanation from the aders on the fundamental purposes of the party. This campaign of divulgation should be made in a methodical manner, adequate for the different intellectual levels of those forming the party groups. It is not suf- ficient to have a booklet printed with the Declaration of Principles, because it is also in a position to do so, engage necessary that those who are in explaining to many simple people, with sincere and clear words, the meaning of those Principles. The more ideological understanding there is among members of a political party, ed within its ranks, and much more cohesion will, be achiey- better will be the democratic results among the people in the field of electoral struggles and in that of establishing civic actitudes. * *. * Latin Ameri ee Ok can Finance and Trade News Reports WASHINGTON. — Speaking to Newsmen prior to his return to Ar- gentina next week, Ambassador Maurio L. Yadarola declared his} plan for oil production in Argen- tina is not against the nationalis- tic tendencies existing in his coun-| try. “The plan is a fundamental change from the old, discredited | system of concessions and replaces it by a simple contract for the lease of services. perty”, he said. Argentina imports approximate- ly $300 million of petroleum an- nually. If the nation were to pro- duce enough oil to meet her re- quirements, ‘this dollar exchange could be used for the purchase| of machinery with which to in- crease industrial production and| thus improve the standard of liv- ing of the people. This dollar ex- change could also be used to me- chanize agricultur& which is the economic foundation of the coun-| try, but whose importance is not) always recognized by those living in the cities, according to the Am-) bassador. “President-elect Dr. Arturo Frondizi accepts the collaboration! of private enterprise in the ex- ploitation of oil, and that is pre- cisely what I maintain in my Plan”, he continued. “I hope that my) country will become convinced that through the Plan which I ha-| ve conceived the serious oil pro- blem can be solved”. : Ambassador Yadarola mention- ed that at leat three major U.S.| oi] companies have contacted him with observations which have been taken into consideration when preparing his Plan. Those same) companies, he said, would be wil- ling to operate in Argentina un- der this “contract’ for services” system. The Ambassador feels that Ar- gentina could produce enough oil to meet her requirements within’ three to four years after imple- mentation of his Plan. The Ar- gentine Government Oil Fields (YPF) have conducted studies of all areas where oil is to .be found, | and the problem now is to go di- rectly into drilling for production. | YPF is also constructing several} main pipelines to transport the oil from the fields to points of con- sumption, so transportation would The oil wells, would continue to be State pro-| not be a concern of the oil com- panies operationg under his Plan. “Although his own political par- ty, the People’s Civic Radical Party, has yet to commit |to support his Plan, Dr. Yadarola |affirmed his decision to “conti- | nue to struggle until the Yadarola Plan is known to everyone and everyone understands that it is a) plan inspired by the highest moti- vation of national interest”. “My plan does not interfere at | tie feelings that might exist, and if my Party feels that the oil wells should be Government- owned, my! plan is not against that. The plan} covers only the production of oil”, feels it is against my ideas — I will keep my ideas and leave the | Party”. Speaking generally about U.S. | private investments in Argentina, the Ambassador said that his “mis- sion here in the United States; has been most satisfactory insofar as I have found many, many very important companies wanting to |take their industries to Argentina, which would mean bringing capi- tal to Argentina, opportunities, and a reactivation of the whole ‘economy. The way is open for this and it can be done in the future’. He added that “the companies would find the ne- |cessary juridical protection in Ar- |gentina, regardless of the color of the political party in power”. Among the industries which have expressed a desire to establish in Argentina, the Ambassador in- \cluded such as the automotive, agricultural machinery “so neces- sary to our economy”, plastics, | chemicals, ete. His personal plans, Dr. Yada- rola said, were to return fully to! | his normal activities, his legal pro- | fession,’ and to the Fatulty of the University of Cordoba as Professor of Commercial Law. The Ambassador concluded by |saying that he “wanted to point out the manner in which the Gov- ernment of General Aramburu had | fulfilled its promise. of bringing the country back to a constitution- elections. titutional Government will be inau- gurated and we all hope that the nation will enter a period of peace, work and progress, with complete freedom safeguarded by justice”. |slywFronuUth upe br pa 5 Cents—Outside Metropolitan area, 10 € cents, ec ee ee Nafional Union BOGOTA, April 1. (UP).—Lau- reano Gomez, dynamic conserva- the political situation, proposing as candidate for the Presidency of the Republic Alberto Lleras Ca- margo, head of the Liberal Party, which has been the traditional ri- val of conservatives. The name of “Lieras was sub- mitted by Gomez as national union candidate for the term beginning August 7 and ending in 1962, the fizst in which the two great Co- lombian parties will have equal representation both in the Gov- ernment and in Congress. gested the name of Lleras as a so- lution of the crisis provoked in, the choosing of a candidate for President. The letter was reveal- ed after three days of intense po- litical activity, during which G6- mez and Lleras had several con- ferences, These conferences were strictly | secret and they studied the man-! ner in which they may choose a candidate to replace Guillermo Le6én Valencia, a conservative, whose name was vetoed by Gomez since last year. Know thy itself | | all with even the most nationalis-|2nd the recipient for more than| he said, adding that “if the Party | increasing job) | jal norm through free and clean) Gulf. About fifty miles of its length Shortly the new cons-| eighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ CUBA.—Since its settlement in 1515 by Diego de Velazquez, San- tiago de Cuba, capital of Oriente | Province, has played a very impor- tant part in the history of the} country. Father Bartolomé de las Casas, the great defender of all} oppressed Indians of the New| World, lived in Santiago. There also lived Hernan Cortés, and made his fortune, playing a prominent | role in the city’s affairs, before | he embarked for the mainland to} begin the conquest of México. In the old days, Santiago, besides | a stronghold of Spanish power and the wealthiest town in Cuba, was also a center for the arts dnd | education. The first school of the | Island was established there 1522, and the city is justly proud of having been the scene of the debut of Adelina Patti, one of the world’s most honored singers. The fact that José Maria de Heredia, | one of the most illustrious poets | of Latin America, was born there, | is another reason for the natives | lof Santiago to be proud of their city, About ten miles from Santiago | in| is El Cobre, whose copper mines | are the oldest worked by white |men in the New World. Another | attraction for visitors there is the | Shrine of Our Lady of Charity of El Cobre, the Patroness of Cuba, | three centuries of many costly gifts from the faithful who flock there to worship and to be healed. East of Santiago is Guantanamo | Bay, with its splendid harbor five miles wide and ten miles long, where the United States maintains |a naval base. This was the scene | of the most active fighting in Cuba during Spanish American War, | | when U. S. forces landed there and } routed the Spanish soldiers who | were in charge of protecting San- tiago and the surrounding terri- | \tory. The countriside, which is a rich coffee-producing ‘area, is | among those of most scenic beauty | |in the Republic. Baracoa, the most easterly of | }Cuban ports, has the distinction | of having been the first town esta-| |blished in the Island by the Sparniards, in 1511. In spite of | the fact that it is a fascinating | spot for explorers, hunters, fisher- men and naturalists, it is probably the least visited and most isolated of all Cuban ports. In the southwestern part of | Oriente Province is Manzanillo, an} important seaport located in the | curve of Guacanayabo Gulf, which is formed by a promontory jutting out boldly into the ocean from the southern shoreline of the Island, Manzanillo derives her im- portance from being the outlet for an active agricultural and dairying ! district, the center of which is Ba- yamo, twenty-five miles inland. This little town has historic inte- rest because of the part it Played | Re in Cuban’s wars for independence | and the fact that Tomas Estrada Palma, first Cuban President, was | born there. | Not far from Bayanio, the island’s largest and most important river, the Cauto, empties into the is navigable for small steamers, and a sightseeing trip on this fine waterway rewards the visitors with a Vivid panoramic view of tropical jungles teeming with rare plants and animal life. (Spanish Version Page 3) In a political letter, G6mez sug-} | which al conservative congressmen | |over the Liberal Party. | tion due to a division between Ga- jand made a Government of na- | tional | elections held were praised by both} | nization of American States, a post | |of resistance to Rojas, and that |he later prepared the country so | be pressed into service. THE AMERIDAS DAILY For a better understanding | between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, , FLA, “9 EDNESDAY, | APRIL , 1958 | The text of the letter was re-| jvealed at the National Liberal| tive leader, gave a new turn to} Convention, formed by the mem-| |bers of Congress elected for that’ party on the March 16 elections, | which gave Lleras complete power {to negotiate with Gomez had already received simi- lar powers from conservative con- | gressman. Therefore, the two | leaders of the parties acted with | special powers. | | Lleras is said to have insisted with Gémez to write a letter ex- | pressing his wishes that Lleras be} |the candidate, when G6mez sug-| gested it. Gémez then wrote the |letter proposing Lleras, with the !eondition that the next presiden- | tial term —1962-1966— a conserva- | | tive is elected, in accordance with the bipartisan policies. Gomez says in his letter that, in case Lleras. is not accepted, | they can choose from a list inj are included, with ten additional | ;mames. However, political circles} believe that this will not be ne- cessary and that political events| will consolidate soon the position} of Lleras as only candidate for the} Presidency of his country. Lleras revealed at the conven-| tion of his party the contents of Gomez’ letter and one in which} he repplied to the conservative leader. In his letter, Lleras says | it is up to the conservatives to| release his party, the Liberal, from the commitment in which liberals agreed to vote for a con-| servative candidate for President. At the same time, he reaffirms the policies of national union, of which he has been the most in- fluencial leader, and insists in his desire to retire from public life. Lleras enjoys immense prestige! both among liberals and conserva- tives and indisputable authority | All po- | litical cireles coincide in point- ing out that he is at the simmit| of his political career and that he | enjoys the good will and respect | of conservatives, to whom he turn- ed over the Government when his| party lost the Presidential elec-| briel Turbay and Jorge Eliecer} Gaitan. Lleras was President until 1946 union, during which the parties. After that, he was elected | Secretary General of the Orga-| he held until he resigned to re-| turn to Colombia to head the bi- partisan movement which ousted the dictatorship of ex-General Gus- tavo Rojas Pinilla. Both liberals and conservatives agree that Lle-| ras master minded the movement that civilians ,could take part in |the congressional elections last | month, MEXICAN MOVIE STARS INJJURED IN CAR ACCIDENT MEXICO. (UP) — The car where the movie pictures producer, Ra- mon Pereda and his wife, the Cuban dancer Maria Antonieta Pons, were riding from México to Acapulco, overturned, Both escaped from injury, but | Mrs. Pereda’s secretary, Franco was killed. The local artists, Maria Garcia Ledesma, Trinidad Flores Gémez and José Gallardo were badly in- | jured, The car was totally destroyed. The injured and the body of Mrs. Franco were taken to Aca- Petra | 6mez a formu-|' la on the presidential candidate. | | | Miami | minutes late. Ninety minutes after 'World’s Oldest Man! |urday, and had to be fed. intra- | but he also managed to bop one of Lleras Nominated by Gomez as| Guinza Pox Has Candidate for| Mi 1958 - 62 President of Colombia High Praise For Honest Election in Argentina NEW YORK. (UP). — Dr. Al |berto Gainza Paz, editor of “La Prensa” of Buenos Aires arrived here from Montego Bay, Jamaica, where he attended to the meeting of the Inter American Press As- sociation. He was accompanied by two Bra-! zilian newsmen, deputy Antonio Chagas Freitas, President of the Newspapers Owners Association | jof Rio de Janeiro, and Nascimen-| to Brito, owner of “Jornal do Bra- sil”, Dr. Gainza spoke high of the) honesty in the recent presidential | | elections in Argentina, saying they are one of the cleanest realized in the country. He added that President-elect | Arturo Frondizi, has not made any | promises to the Peronistas, in| spite of their statements that ‘they| were an important factor in the| victory of the Radical President-| elect, Gainza said also that Argentina | will enjoy a long period of. stabi- lity. The editor of “La Prensa” said| he will stay about two weeks in| United States, and that before re-| turning to Buenos Aires he ex-| pects to attend to the meeting of the International Press Institute, which will take place in Washing-| ton April 15. Chagas Freitas and Brito, who} have come for business, will stay four days in New York. The plane in which-the three | prominent newsmen flew from arrived one hour twenty having left Miami, the crew notic- ed some oil leaking from the four motors, but the pilot closed the contact and continued the trip} jwith three motors at a lower! | speed. The plane with more than 50 passengers, landed without any) difficulties in the Idlewild air- port. Dies in Colombia MONTERIA, Colombia. (UP).— Javier Pereira, whe may have! been the world’s oldest man, died) at an estimated age of 168 Mon- day in this north Colombian cow- town, which he had left only once| in his life. Pereira fell ill two weeks ago and was taken to the Monteria hos- pital. He became very weak Sat- venously. The aged Colombian, a wiry lit- tle man of Indian extraction, spent a few weeks in the United States in 1956 under observation by doctors interested in his ad- vanced age. U. S. physicians | agreed that he could be more than 150 years old. Pereira retained his faculties to the end, cracking jokes and flirt- ing with woman visitors. He had flirted with virtually every pretty woman he saw dur- ing his 1956 visit to New York, them on the nose. The old Indian became annoyed at the lights and! confusion of ‘a press confere aa and began flailing wildly with hi fists. When a woman reporter be gan posing with him for a picture, he accused her of trying to steal his ring and swung, grazing her | Bayfront Auditorium office. judge the entries. |feature international sport titlists face. | bulco, HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Briet HIGHWAY PATROL REINFORCED FOR HOLY WEEK CELEBRATION MEXICO CITY. (UP) — The Department of Communications an- nounced that all highway patrol- men will be held: on duty during Holy Week to keep order on the ment’s Highway Patrol School will MEXICO’S PENAL CODE MUST BE REFORMED MEXICO CITY. (UP), — A Me- xican Supreme Court Justice said that the City’s penal system of the past 50 years must be reformed if any good is to be realized from the city’s modern. new prison at Justice Juan José Gonzalez Bus- tamante called specifically for the separation of convicted prisoners from those awaiting legal proces- sing, placing of criminals in blocks according to their crimes instead of mixing petty thieves with mur- derers as was done at the old pri- son of Lecumberri; and doing away with the old practice of letting the prison’s shops come under the control of entrepreneurs who ex- ploited prison labor. He said the shops should be used for rehabilitation of priso- ners with proceeds from the com- modities manufactured going to a cooperative of inmates. The jus- tice also asked an end to the bribe and special privilege system that prevailed at Lecumberri during its Tztapalapa, 58-year history. ' Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 228 Dulles Promises Help to Latin Americans to Solve Their Economic Problems Americas Flag Contest Entries Arfiving From Latin American Points i Lig Flag of the Americas contest | it, best to help the Latin Ameri-| songs and other musical works of entries have been pouring in to the Festival of the Americas of- fice from artists as far south as Pert, as far north as Canada. | With the April 15 deadline still two weeks away, the Festival! already has received art submis-| sions from 12 countries. In ad- dition to the above named coun- tries, Educador, Cuba, Dominican | Republic, Bolivia, Brazil, Hondu-| |ras, Costa Rica and Venezuela | have contributed designs for the $1,000 top award. The winning standard, a symbol | |of the close ties between the peo-| ples of the western hemispheré, will not only fly over all Festival activities during the gala June | 13-22 period but also is expected to be adopted on a world-wide seale. The contest is open to all Uni-| versity and Art. School students | of the Americas, between the ages | of 18 and 23. ‘Entry blanks may | still be obtained at the Festival's! Chairman Dr. Ralph Boggs, di- rector of the University of Miami international affairs department, | has appointed a five man panel to} J. Neville McArthur heads the} committee which includes Dr. Vir- | gil Barker, City Manager E. A.) | Evans, Miss ‘Edna Coll and Eduar-| |do Hernandez, Consul General of | Cuba. Their choice witl be announced | on May 1, Jack Houghteling, Director of the Festival, has announced that the Beauty Pageant and entertain- ment by leading U.S. and Latin entertainers, will be at Dinner Key Auditorium, site of the West-) ern Hemisphere travel and trade exhibitions. In addition the Festival will in soccer and swim meets, water-| ski and golf tournaments. Will Speak to OAS Council During Celebration of Pan American Day WASHINGTON, April 1. (UP) | In the night of April 16, Euge- Secretary of State, John Foster/nia Ravinskaya, Argentine con- Dulles promised that U.S. will do/ tralto will sing a serie of classical can counties face’ the dollars} Spanish and Argentine composers, shortage caused by the drop in| in the Hall of the Americas of the price of the raw materials, and) Pan American Union. basic products in the International; On the 18, the Mexican National | markets, | Symphony Orchestra, and the Wa- Meeting the Press today, the Se- | sington Symphony Orchestra will cretary said the U. S. Government) start an Inter American musical is well informed of the tough pro- j festival for three days dedicated blems the Latin American raw| to contemporary artists works of materials producers are facing,| the Western Hemisphere. Pana- and that the American govern-| manian pianist, Roberto Caamafio. ment is considering this situation | the Julliard String Quartet an with the purpose to find out the| Puerto Rican pianist Jesis Maria ;means to solve them. Sanroma, will take part in the Dulles made this statement] program. when he was asked by the United! Luis Herrera de la Fuente will Press about an inquest among the| be the mexican National Orches- Presidents of the Latin American| tra conductor. |countries, which demonstrated that all of them wish a more vigor- | ous aid from the United States. He was also reminded of the} great concern that the Latin Amer- ican countries have because of the} H |effect in their economy that He for M. Echandi drop in prices of raw materials | NEW YORK, (UP). — Robert and basic products could have as|F. Wagner, Mayor of New York, well as the fear that U.S. could| offered a reception in honor of raise the tariffs. on the import Mario Echandi, President elect of Holds Reception |New York Mayor . |cial proclamation, has requested) of Latin American products. | Meanwhile, it was learned that) Secretary Dulles-, will make a speech at the Organization of the| American States (OAS) Council during the special meeting this | institution will hold on April 14, Pan’ American Day. Eduardo A. Garcia, the Argen- tine diplomat, who is President of the Council, will also, speak. | This meeting will be the first of) a series of acts to be realized with the purpose to celebrate Inter American friendship. President Eisenhower, in a spe-| from all civie and educational or- ganizations in the U.S. to observe the period April 14-20 as Pan American Week. April 16, Carlos Sanz de Santa- maria, the Colombian Foreign Mi- nister, will speak in the Council) to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the signature of the charter of the OAS, in Bogota, during the Inter American conference in| that capital. Costa Rica. The reception took place in the “Garden Room” of the Waldorff- Astoria hotel from five to seven in the evening. The United States Pan Ameri- ‘ean Society, presided by the ex- | ambassador Spruille Braden, of- fered a luncheon in honor of | Echandi in the Metropolitan Club. As requested by Echandi, no speeches were said in both occa- | sions. Echandi will leave for Boston to negotiate with the United Fruit Co. in connection with the agree- ment of that Company with Costa Rica. Authorized sources say that Echandi will talk also with the United Fruit in behalf of the gov- ernments of Honduras and Guate- mala. Echandi, who requested to end | his Official visit to U.S. when leav- ing Washington, expects to conti- nue his private tour to Los Ange- les, San Francisco and perhaps Houston Texas. IAPA PRAISED FOR ITS STRUGGLE FOR PRESS FREEDOM IN HEMISPHERE BY THE N. Y. TIMES NEW YORK, April 1. —(UP).—| “The New York Times” publishes today an editorial about press ‘freedom in Latin America, in| which it says: “Freedom of the press is a prize} that is never safely won or ever permanently lost. It is like a bat- tle one must go on fighting, some- times attacking, sometimes de- fending. “Here in the Western Hemi- sphere we have had some notable recent. victories. They were brought out, and much credit rightly claimed, by the Inter- Americans Press Association at its semi-annual meeting this past weekend, “The press is now free in Vene- zuela, This is the first time in many years that such a declara-! “CONEY ISLAND” PLANNED IN SAN JUAN, PTO. RICO SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico. (UP). — Rep. James Roosevelt (D-Cal.) arrived here to confer with gov- ernment officials on a projected $,2,000,000 ‘“‘Coney Island” amuse- ment park here in which he has a financial interest. The 30-acre entertainment center is being planned by the Carolinas Amusement Corp. Besi- des Roosevelt, the project’s « back- ers include Rep. Herbert Zelenko (D.N.Y.) and a group of Washing- ton, D.C; and Texas investors, ac- cording to local officials. Kt will cover a beachfront area in the Isla Verde section of San tion could be made. The revolu- tion in January and the ousting of} the military dictatorship of Gene-| ral Pérez Jiménez, in which the newspaper world played a coura- geous role, has come as one in a series of downfalls of dictator- ships. “Argentina, Peri and Colombia also have freedom of the press now, This could not have been said three years ago. Even in Ni- caragua, which long suffered under the oneman dictatorship of Gen. Anastasio Somoza, it can now be stated that there is consi- derable improvement. “In only three of twenty Latin- American countries is there com- plete censorship of the press to- day. In a fourth, Bolivia, grave injustices to certain newspapers | MEXICAN MUSEUM GETS FAMOUS PLAQUE COPY MEXICO CITY. (UP)—An exact copy of the famous “Plaque of Leyden” oldest art object of Ma- yan culture found in México, will hang in the National Museum of Anthropology and History as a symbol of Dutch-Mexican friend- ship. The original plaque was unear- thed near México’s east coast in 1860 by a canal digging team head- ed by a Dutch engineer named Van Braam. He took thé carved jade piece to Holland with him, and it eventually was obtained by the Museum of Ethnology of Leyden. and their owners which have never been rectified have led the 1.A.P.A. year after year to de- nounce Bolivia as a country “where democratic life is not the rule”. “Of the three others, the Domi- nican Republic is considered the most hopeless case since Generalis- simo Trujillo retains his iron grip. In Paraguay, too, it was necessary to say in the I. A. P. A. report that “there isn’t even a shadow of liberty of the press”. Finally, Cuba, under General Batista, re presents “the most dramatic situa- tion that the press in our hemi- sphere is facting’—one that-is “ut- ~ terly intolerable”. However, the press and a great mass of the Cu- ban people are fighting back and if the great trend toward demo- cracy in Latin America continues Cuba will have freedom of the press when the L A, P. A. holds its annual conference in Buenos Aires next October”. ed figures on both sides, and a small hole on the top and on the bottom. The: styling of the hiero- gliphyes resembles that on Mayan monuments found in Tikal and Petén, Guatemala, The copy, in fine American jade, -was presented to. Museum- Director Dr. Luis Aveleyra y Arro- yo de Anda by Guillermo Mier y Landa, Manager of KLM Airlines in México. The ceremony was at- tended by Dr. Reynier Flaes, Am- bassador of the Low Countries in México. We ee Subscribe to the Dutch anthropologists deduced from hieroghiphyes that the piece Juan, near the eity’s international airport, was carved around 320 B.C, The original, and the copy, have carv- Americas Daily (: