Diario las Américas Newspaper, March 22, 1958, Page 10

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people 5th YEAR SEE 5 Cents—Outside Metropolitan area, 10 cents, » osha : pene Tosa u. @ A SAN ROMAN : Vice President FRANCISCO AGUIREB Vice President and Publisher Ww. SMITH 8. SMITH President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vive President Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Publisheo daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miam! Springs Fla. op February 8 1950. EDITORIAL HU DIGNITY AND MATERIAL PROBLEMS An exaggerated, romantic concept of life makes some persons believe*that problems of material order affecting communities in general and individuals in particular are not so important, nor should they be the object of concern, study and efforts for solution in the part of those affected. It is evident that, above any merely material interest, the spiritual should. prevail, since within it human dignity and everything inherent to it has priority. For any person conscious of his legitimate destiny and high mission, of his spirituality, this is a discussed. truth that cannot even be Human dignity includes all the elements which consti- tute the essence of personality: the values of morality, culture, of proud and honest politics, ete. But also includ- ed within that dignity are other elements which, although in lesser degree, contribute to maintain a level of decorum in the human being. _ And those factors are of material “type. Everything that is of interest in the field of physical comfort and well being, logically must be a matter of concern and efforts by the people and the individual. Indifference in the face of those aspects of life cannot be justified by a disproportionate sense of spirituality, 'be- cause one should not interfere with the other. One can, and should, primarily pay tribute to the high and perman- ent values of the spirit and straight morality, without this meaning unconcern for the problems of material type, because some times that unconcern can result in a mani- fest irresponsibility harmful who, in one way or another, to those who practice it and depend on them, whether it is in the community or in the family. Those who are leaders of a community or a family have the duty to pay attention to economic matters, for example, because the reality of life demands it. What can never be justified, of course, is that economic matters overwhelm or exclude those which, we repeat, is above any other interest. of the spirit, the practice of But the fact is that the matter should not be taken to dramatic extremes, as if there was no dignified manner to harmonize the two things, so that both may contribute to strengthen the prestige of human values, me Re Latin Ameri x Oe can Finance and Trade News Reports BRAZILIAN GROWERS HIT AT GOVERNMENT COFFEE POLICY RIO DE JANEIRO. (UP).—Cof- fee exporters attacked the Gov- ernment’s tight price controls and predicted that foreign sales this month will not reach 700,000 bags. During the first two months of this year coffee exports, which are responsible for about 70 per cent of the nation’s foreign earn- ings, dropped more than 1,500, 000 bags below last year’s ship- ments. In March, 1957, exports totalled 990,617 bags. Exporters, polled informally by the United Press, blamed the cur-) rent situation on the Coffee Ins- titute’s tight controls and buyers’ fears that the Government will suddenly slash the current mini- mum export price. They said shipments abroad are Moving “extremely slowly” in 11 of the nation’s ports except Vito- ria which handles low quality cof- fee almost exclusively. Paulo Guzzo, President of the Institute, emphasized the Govern- ment’s disagreement with the ex- porter’s views by announcing that there would be no change in the coffee policy. Ny The statement backed up pre- vious declarations .by President Juscelino Kubitschek and, Finance Minister José Maria Alkmin. Former Finance Minister Eu- genio Gudin, one of the leading critics of the Government's cof- fee program, loosed’ another blast in the newspaper Jornal do Bra- ail, ‘He said if present conditions prevail the 11,000,000 cruzeiros which the Government paid to withhold coffee from the market last year will be “nothing” com- pared to what it will have to pay to support prices during the 1958- 59 season whose crop he estimated will be 23,000,000 bags. TAX EXEMPTIONS TO INDUSTRY GRANTED BY GUATEMALAN GOVT. GUATEMALA — In its cam- paign to attract new industry and the import of highly desired goods, the Government in 1957 granted $13 million in tax exemptions ,to industry The major categories of exemptions were food, machinery, | construction material and explora: tion. equipment. In line with this government program to encourage industrial development, 218 com- panies received various ‘tax exep- tions during. the first eleven months of 1957. This exemption. policy is credited with sparking the rise of imports of machinery to an all time high of $5.8 mil- lion in 1957 an increase of almost $2.5 million over 1956. ELECTRIFICATION FUND One of Guatemala’s most trying | problems is on its way to solution. | Details on the new $20 million National Electrification Fund, fi- nanced by a 10-year Treasury Bond issue have become available. It will enable the Government to construct hydroelectric projects in various parts of the country in- | creasing electric power output by 174 per cent within 5 years, The action follows the recommenda- tion of the National Economic Planning Council and will imple- ment an extensive government pro- gram already in progress to build small electric projects in rural areas. The Fund will be administ- ered by the newly created Nation- | al Electrification Commission, | a publie advisory body to the Gov- ernment, with an avowed objective of full integration of the nation’s electrification program. Initial plans call for the construction of. sic hydroelectric plants within the next five years, each.ta have a capacity of about 80,000 kwh. AGRICULTURAL BANK MARKS FIRST ANNIVERSARY The Agricultural Bank of Gua- temala marked its first anniver- sary with the annouricement that it had loaned over $8 million dol- lars to small and medium farmers and cattle raisers This sum is con- siderably larger than initial ex: pectations and indicative, accord- ing to Bank officials, of the grow- ing trend in Guatemala towards farm mudernization. Analysis of the loans shows that most wer given for new equipment, land ac. quisition and general payment of debts. r REAL ESTATE PROPERTY VALUE UP $34 MILLION The 1957 construction boom in Guatemala was reflected in the increasing value of taxable real estate which rose by some $34 million over the previous year to an all-time high of $376,528,000 according’ to figures just released increase will be doubled in 9158, . ee res BERN; Mar. 21, —(UP).— “A Swiss Foreign Prade official, Dr. Edwin Stopper, declared to the Latin American Chamber of Com- merce of Switzerland, that an all- out effort should be made to strengthen the economic and di- plomatic bonds of Switzerland with Latin America. 2 Speaking at the annual assembly | of the Chamber, attended by te| presentatives of the majaqrity of Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ PARAGUAY — The Paraguay River divides the country into two great regions: the Eastern and the Western. In the western part are the great plains known as “El Chaco,” from where they get the “quebracho,” _a tanning substance, while the eastern ‘part has the woodlands and agricultural and grazing lands that form the back- bone of the economy of the coun- try. These are very fertile lands, producing large. cr@éps of mandioca, cotton, tobacco, sugar cane, “yerba mate”, sometimes known as -Para- guayan tea, and numerous fruits. Most of the population is con- centrated in this rich farming and cattle raising area, where a great | deal of business activities takes | place. Paraguay has three main rivers: the Paraguay, the foremost water- way as well as principal contact ©) Lopez has been converted into a by the Finance Ministry. As the | seen, and the sun setting across construction boom continues, es-|the water vanishing beyond the pecially in Guatemala City, finan-| distant level. reaches of the Chaco, cial experts expect that the 1957] 18 of unforgettable beauty, i with the outside world, forms part of its western border. The Alto Parana, mergirg with the Para-| guay in the south, forms 400 miles | of the southern and eastern bound- aries, while the Pilcomayo, flow- ing across the Chaco from Bolivia, | forms the southwestern border. When the Spaniard Alejo Gar- cia was exploring for Portugal in the years following 1520, he made his way from Brazil to Bolivia, and found the land that now is Para- guay, populated by numerous In- dian tribes, the most important of which was that of the Guaranis. The first’ permanent Spanish set- tlement was founded at Asuncién, the present day capital of the Re- public, in 1537. Until 1617, Paraguay and Argen- tina were ruled jointly by the same Spanish Governor. The seat of the government was Asuncién until 1580, when it was moved to Buenos Aires. From 1617 until 18- 11, wnen they gained their inde- pendence, Paraguay and “Argen- tina remained separate colonies governed by the Viceroyalty of Pert, and later by the Viceroyalty of La Plata, which was established at Buenos Aires in 1776. On May 14, 1811, Paraguay obtained independence from Spain without bloodshed, when the Governor agreed to resign. Paraguayans are mostly descen- dants of Spanish settlers and Gua- rani Indians, but in later years many Gefmans, Italians and Ar- ;gentines have settled there. In the Chaco région, Mennonites from Canada, Russia, Germany and Poland, have established well or- | dered and organized villages. The principal exports of Para- | Guay are meat, tanning materials, | mandioca, tobacco, yerba mate, | and others. The principal imports are chemical and pharmaceutical products, machinery, motor vehi-| cles, tools, iron ‘and steel manu- factures, ete. A The capital, Asuncién, located at the banks of the Paraguay Riv- er is the center of all activities | of the country. Factories line the) river bank, Most public. buildings in Asuncién date from the latter part of the 19tk. century, Outstand- ing among them are the Congres- sional Palace, the Government Pa- lace, the National Pantheon and the Church of La Encarnacién. Historical collections, - are found in the Godoy Museum. {n the nearby suburb of Trini- dad, the estate of Carlos Antonio Botanical Garden of tropical plants, which is said to be one of the finest in the Americas. Villta, the most important orange ship- ping port, is a center for the tobac- co and cotton industries as well. A visit to the city’s parks is a very refreshing experience. The Carlos Antonio Lopez Park stands on the site of the old Mangrullo Cemetery in the highest part of the city. From there a spectacular pahora- ma of city, bay and river can be Version Page 3 For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SATURDAY, MARCH 22, 1958 Latin American diplomatic mis- sions. in this capital, Stopper men- tioned the enormous progress and purchasing power of Latin Ameri- ca and her advances in the last few years, predicting an even grea- ter development in the next 20 years, which is a fact of extraor- dinary interest for Switzerland. “The ‘unexploited reserves of national production in Latin Amer- ica —he added— are great, but in order to exploit them capital is needed, much more capital than the one Latin America can invest herself”. For that reason, he proposed an increase in long-term credits to Latin American countries, as well as direct capital investments, and added: “If serious efforts are made to find a solution, it can be found”. He declared that, besides the ef- forts by the Chamber to streng- then the economic bonds between Switzerland and Latin America, the Swiss Government will try to promote even more personal con- tacts with the authorities of the Latin American countries. Other speakers in the Assemb- ly, which is presided by Dr. S. Schweizer, Director General of the Swiss Banking Corporation, were the Secretary General of the Cham- ber, Otto Bauer-Prudencio, who attributed part of the increase of Swiss exports to Latin American countries in 1957, from 493 to 548 million franes, to an increase of 22 million francs in sales to Ar- gentina, / He added that there was an in- crease of more than ten million francs each in the exports to Ve- nezuela, México and Pert, com- pared with the 1956 exports. The Assembly adjourned after approving a motion to intensify relations with the diplomatic re- presentatives of the Latin Ameri- can countries, giving them an op- portunity to familiarize themsel- ves better with the industrial and economic installations of this coun- try, and another to celebrate La- tin American Day in Zurich at the end of this year. Nixon to Visit Five Countries WASHINGTON. (UP). — The good neighbor visit that the U.S. Vice-Pres. Richard M. Nixon will make to South America has been extended to cover at least five countries, it was reported. The first announcement said Ni- xon would visit three countries besides Argentina, where he will represent President Eisenhower in the inauguration ceremonits of President-elect Dr. Arturo Fron- dizi, May 1. Reliable sources told United Press that the Vice-President in- tends to visit Ecuador, from. where he will leave for Argentina and visit later Uruguay, Peri and Co- lombia. ‘ It is probable he will visit Bo- livia and Venezuela, but nothing for sure has been said, Announcement from the White House of the itinerary of the Vice- Swiss Trade Official | Rubotfom Warns Requests More Credits for Latin Americans Latin America Against False Soviet Offers TYLER, Texas, March 21. (UP). Roy R. Rubottom, Assistant Se- cretary of State for Latin Ameri- can Affairs, expressed today his confidence that “our friends of the Continent” will discover the “false and illusory trading offers and capital and technical aid of the Soviet block”, He added it remains to be sec- ing if the recent offers made by the Soviet block to Latin Ameri- can countries “will be accepted or if they will honestly be kept”. Rubottom made these state- ments in a students meeting in Tyler College. The American official said he did not “intend to belittle the seriousness of the situation con- fronted by U. S. through the ef- forts of the Soviet block in La- tin America”. Pointing out it will require a “continued vigilance” on the part of the countries which the Soviet block has approached with its offers, Rubottom added: “I trust our friends of the Contin- ent will not be short of money”, U. S. Officials Study Protest From Panama Gvt. WASHINGTON, March 21. — (UP). — A Panamanian protest concerning the operation of the Canal oZne Credit Union was re- ceiving high level consideration today in the United States Govern- ment, Officials indicated that the go- vernment would do everything pos- sible to smooth ruffled feelings over the latest in a series of pro- blems resulting from the juris- dictional controversy between 53 Canal Zone Credit Union was re- ‘| Panamanian Government. Panamanian Ambassador Ricar- do M. Arias was invited to the State Department late yesterday to meet with Under Secretary Christian A. Herter and it is be- lieved that they also discussed the Panamanian protest. This morning high State Depart- ment officials concerned with Mid- dle American affairs held a leng- thy meeting the result of which was not disclosed to the press. MEXICAN LABOR LEADER TO ATTEND RED MEETING MEXICO CITY. (UP)—Vicente Lombardo Toledano, leftwing Me- xican labor leader, announced to- day he was leaving for Budapest Tuesday to attend a meeting of the Communist-dominated world labor federation in the Hungarian capi- tal. He said he would return here President trip is expected soon. within 10 days, HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American O’Rourke Answers to Cuban Minister NEW YORK, March 18. (UP). John T.-O’Rourke, President of the Inter American Press Associa- tion (IAPA), in answer to a cable- gram from the Cuban government, re-affirmed he has “complete con- fidecen in the truthfulness of the reports of threats against indepen- dent Cuban newsmen”. The Government Minister of Cu- ba, Ramén Jiménez Maceda, in a cablegram sent to O’Rourke, de- clared that “President Batista’s government has never persecuted nor threatened the newsmen”. O’Rourke answered: “Thanks for your cable. With all respect, we maintain our con- fidence in the truthfulness of the reports of threats to independent Cuban newsmen. We assure you, Mr. Minister, that the accusations in our report of the 17th of March, well known to you, are certain. It is easy to verify that newsmen and their newspapers have been threa- tened by groups of the Govern- ment. “We accept your cable as a rec- tifieation that insults and threats against independent newsmen are not the result of an official policy, We hope you will use your influ- ence to put an end to this cam- paign of threats against the lives and rights of our,Cuban eol- leagues”, BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION OVER PANAMA CANAL TO BEGIN THIS YEAR WASHINGTON, March 21 (UP) — The Commerce Department's Foreign Commerce Weekly said today that construction.of a $20,- 000,000 bridge across the Panamé Canal at Balboa is expected to be- gin in latter part of 1958, and be finished in about three and one- half years, A report from the United States Embassy in Panamé said that a preliminary report on the bridge is expected to be ready before April 10. The bridge will be from Farfan Hill diagonally across the present ferry route, with two exits, one in Panama and the other in Ancén. The bottom of the prposed high- level bridge, according to the Em- bassy report, will be 11,000 feet long. The bridge will be 201 feet above high water, Request U. S. Aid be Given Only to Democratic Govts. WASHINGTON. (UP).—Demo- cratic Senator Wayne Morse and Democratic Representative Char- les ©. Porter have introduced| identical resolutions limiting U.S. aid to those Latin American coun- trises which adhere to the charter of the OAS and have representa- tive democracy. The resolutions make a specific referehce to article 5 (D) of the OAS charter which states, in part, that “the solidarity of the Amer-| iean States and the high aims wich are sought through it requi- re the political organization of those states on the basis of the ef- fective exercise of representative democracy”. The Senator and the Congres- sman said in a joint statement that the resolution, if approved, would “indicate without equivoca- tion the belief of the United Sta- tes in representative democracy”. ARGENTINE OFFICIAL TOURS GREAT BRITAIN LONDON (UP)— Alberto Can- dioti, the Argentine Ambassador, gave a luncheon in honor of Ma- nual Mujica Lainez, the Director General of Cultural Relations in the Argentine Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Mujica Lainez is on a two weeks visit to Britain as guest of the British Government. His tour of Britain has been organized by the British Council and he has visited most of the centers of cultural in- terest in London and Southern England. Mujica Lainez visit to Britain is scheduled to end next Monday. His furter plans are not yet set- tled but he may possibly visit Greece. |the officers saw a suspicious car, |rifle and ammunition for those| THE AMERIEAS DAILY + Member Inter American Press Association @ For Liberty, Culture and Hemispherie Solidarity NUMBER. 219 Two Revolutionists Killed Policeman Seriously Hurt in Havana Suburb gun Duel (GENERAL ELECTIONS POSTPONED BY ELECTORAL TRIBUNAL UNTIL NOV. 3 HAVANA, Mar. 21. —Special to THE AMERICAS DAILY).— Two revolutionists were killed and a policeman seriously wounded in a gun duel in the suburb of Mira- mar, when a police patrol car or- dered another car to stop, and the ogcupants threw a hand grenade against the official vehicle. According to police reports, the ear was in patrol duty in the su- burb of Miramar last night, when ordering the driver to stop. He inereased the speed of his car instead, and another one of the occupants threw a hand grenade against the pursuing patrol car. The two cars continued at great speed, and both crashed against one of the iron fences of the Coney Island Amusement Park, where the civilians tried to shoot; their way out, with the result that two of them were killed and one of the patrolmen seriously wounded. The dead were identi- fied by the police as Aristides Vie- ra Gonzalez, 30, an insurance agent, classified as extremely dangerous by the police, and Elpidio Agui- lar Reyes, 32 years of age. Both were said to be members of the “26 of July Moment”. Another oc- cupant of the civilian Car, Enrique Lopez Gonzalez, escaped. The police said the three were accused of attacks against corpo ral Jorge Navarro, Sergeant Rail Humara Diaz and Lt. Jorge Salas Cafizares, all of the Police De-| partment. It was also reported that) in the car the police found two machineguns, one grenade, a M-1 arms. Elections Postponed Until November 3rd. HAVANA. (UP).—The supreme electoral tribunal decided Thurs- day night to postpone the Cuban elections, previously scheduled for June 1, until Nov, 3. The tribunal approved a post- ponement proposal advanced jointly by the government and the opposition. It set the November date in preference to Oct. 12, the election day suggested by the joint proposal, be cause Cuba’s October weather is likely to be stormy, Meanwhile, several new acts of anti-government sabotage were reported. American stage and Isereen stars arriving for Satur- day’s gala opening of the Havana Hilton Hotel found large areas of Havana blacked out by the bomb- ing of a power plant. The hotel, which has its ewn power supply, was not affected by the blackout. Arsonists set a fire that de stroyed the three — story Zayden import warehouse, which is be lieved to have been the property of a high-ranking army officer. Delayed reports from Santiago de Cuba said five unidentified youths armed with pistols raided a printing shop of the nominally independent Prensa Universal and destroyed a fotary press. with hand grenades. The youths es- caped in a ear. Inter American Music Festival in Washington Will Feature Premieres WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) — World premieres and first perfor- mances in the United States will feature the First Inter American Music Festival to be held in Wash- ington April 18-20. The three-day Festival will pre- sent concerts by the National Sym- | phony Orchestras of Washington | and México, the Juilliard String Quartet, the Claremont String Quartet, and the Howard Univer sity Choir. Performances will be given in Lisner Auditorum, the Pan American Union, and the Coo- lidge Auditorium of the Library of Congress, The Festival was organized by the Inter American Music Cen- ter in eollaboration with Interna- News in Brief The structure will have three. Jane approaches, two 12-foot lances and one 10-foot sfow lane for trucks and buses. a ‘The main span of the bridge will have two 11-foot lanes and two 10- foot lanes. LIMA PAPERS DEMAND STRICT TRAFFIC LAWS LIMA, Pera. — (UP). — News- papers called for tighter traffic laws as a result of a series of! accidents in which 26 persons were killed and 50 others injured dur- ing the past three days. The worst disaster occurred last Sunday on the Pan American High- way between Trujillo and Chim- bote when 19 persons died in a crash of a truck with two buses. MEXICAN HIGHWAY MEXICO CITY. —(UP). — The new highway to Querétaro, sche- duled to be opened soon, will con- siderably’ shorten travel time to the U.S. border and save gas, the Communications Ministry announc- ed. The new route, which eliminates most of the mountain driving, will join the super-expressway that ‘tion of my name”. tional House of New Orleans, the National Institute of Fine Arts of México, the Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Foundation of the Lib- ray of Congress and the Music Per- formance Trust Fund of the Re- cording Industries. The Music Cen- ter, organized to promote interest in the music of the Americas, has its headquarters in the Pan Ameri- can Union. On Friday evening, April 18, the Festival will open in Lisner Auditorium with a concert by the National Symphony Orchestra un- der the direction of Howard Mit- chell. Roberto Caamafio of Argen- tina will be the paino soloist. The program will include two first per- formances in the United States: LINDA DENIES ROMANCE : WITH URUGUAYAN * SOA PAULO, Brazil. (UP).—Ac- tress Linda Christian, whose ro- mance with Brazilian Playboy Francisco (Baby) Pignatari recent- ly fizzed out, denied that she and a wealthy Uruguayan are interest- ed in each other. The former wife of actor Tyrone Power said reports linking her ro- mantically with Torcuato Sogio of Uruguay were only “an exploita- She said she will go to Rio de Janeiro after spending a few days here and then go to México where her children are awaiting her, SEMINAR ON SEED SELECTION GUATEMALA.—Guatemala was represented at the recently ended Seminar on Seed Selection which took place in Santiago de Chile, and which was attended by eleven Western Hemisphere. countries, in- cluding the United States. Seed certification has not yet been in- troduced into Guatemala but the new Minister of Agriculture, Enri- the Concerto for Orchestra by An- tonio Estevez of Venezuela, and Symphony No. 2 by Roque Cor- der of Panama. The latter work won second prize in the Second Latin American Music Festival at Caracas last year. In addition two world premieres will be the Piano Concerto by soloist Caamafio and a suite for orchestra, New England Episodes, hy Quincy Porter of the United States. The suite was. es- pecially commissioned by the Fes- tival Committee of the Inter Ame- rican Musie Center. Saturday morning, April 19, in Coolidge Auditorium, the Juilliard String Quartet will be heard in two world premieres: the Quartet No. 1 by Juan Orrego Salas of Chile and the Quartet No. 2, by Alberto Ginastera of Argentina. Al- so for the’first time in the United States, the audience will hear a new Quartet by Heitor Villa-Lobos of Brazil. The National Symphony Orches- tra of México under the direc: tion of Luis Herrera de la Fuente, will pay late Lisner Auditorium Saturday eveining with Jesis Ma- ria Sanroma as piano soloist. The program for this concert includes a world premiere, Music for Little Orchestra by José Arde- vol of Cuba, commissioned by In: ternational House. Also to be heard for the first time in the United States will be a Concerto for Pia- no by Juan José Castro of Argen- tina and the Symphony No, 2 hy México’s Blas Galindo. The Blas Galindo Symphony took first prize at Caracas last year. On Sunday afternoon, April 20, there 'will be a concert in the Hall of the Americas of the Pan Ameri- can Union by the Claremont String Quartet, assisted at the pia no by Arthur Balsam, and the Ho- ward University Choir, directed by Warner Lawson. Listed for the program are: the String Quartet No. 1 by Aurelio de la Vega of Cuba; a Trio for Piano, Vilin and Violoncello, by Canada’s Violet Archer; and Song of Love and Death, by Luis Sandi of México, First United States performances include Three Epitaphs, for choir a cappella by Rodolfo Halffter of México; and Two Amerindian Legends, for mixed choir a eap- pella, by Villa-Lobos. The Festival concludes Sunday evening with a concert in Lisnet goes through San Luis Potosi, Sal- tillo and Monterrey. que Garcia-Salas, has expressed the intention applying such Lpraetices. . Auditorium by the National Sym- phony Orchestra. Harold Wakgh® will be the elarinet