Diario las Américas Newspaper, February 28, 1958, Page 12

inter - American News for English - Specking people 5th YEAR So earnest an oe AN SEEDS SEAS ARR @ A SAN ROMAN &. W. SMITR 8. SMITR President > Vice President Vice President FRA CO AGUIRRE HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice Pri ‘nt and Publisher Vice President Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Eliseo Riera-Gomez Cire Mer Managine Rditor Advt. & ‘ Publishea datly except Munday — Entered as second class matter ut the Fost Office or Wiamt Sprines (la on February $ 195b EDITORIAL SENATOR SMATHERS AND INTER-AMERICAN ECONOMIC SOLIDARITY Recently we commented on the brilliant speech of Senator Smathers, a piece of oratory that, undoubtedly, will have repercussions in Inter-American relations. To- day,.we want to point out another aspect of that speech, which will place if among the historic speeches made in the Senate of the United States. Senator Smathers stated: ‘Most of us have a shallow understanding of the civilization that lies to the south. In reality, Latin America consists of a group of states firmly devoted to principles that the United States seeks to uphold. Down through the years they have struggled valiantly to promote democratic principles.” An honest statement, worthy of being taken into consideration; because perhaps the enormity and the universality of this country, causes that in some instances its glance he limited to domestic affairs; and when some outside. phenomenon does not agree with the habits he has had from childhood, the average American necessarily becomes confused and does not understand that in other areas there -is a dif- ferent way of reacting to life. Evolution, education, and economic improvement through the industrialization process now. making headway in Latin America, will cause the principles of formal democracy to be strengthened in some nations, since there is in all nations a deep sense of human democracy. In effect, it is through the creation of an economically healthy middle class, through improved living conditions for the people, and through solidarity in economic affairs throughout the Hemisphere, that some nations which have not yet reached the development goal we all desire, will reach that level which will permit economic and political stability. In this respect, Senator Smathers makes it very clear, the United States has an enormous responsibility, which is that of saying our own Continent from the danger of economic penetration by international communism — which penetration would mean an advance in their. world domination and an attack against the United States. About this, Senator Smathers said: “Herein lies the danger. Our mutual enemies, the Communists, seized upon the fierce longing of our neighbors for more rapid fulfillment of their aspirations. With deceptive promises, the Com- munists are seeking to infiltrate Latin America both economically and politically’. And, as an admonition for the future, he adds: “It is self-defeating for the United States to be exerting itself economically and financially toward other more distant areas of the world if at the same time we do not render the type of assistance needed and asked for by our neighbors in our own Hemisphere. We cannot say that we need not help Latin America because Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East are the im- mediate danger areas in the cold war. The fact is that any Soviet penetration in Latin America could do us incal- culable harm”. Political solidarity within the Inter-American System having been achieved, the job should be crowned with continental economic solidarity. Blessed be America which has the Organization of American States which has made possible a peaceful coexistence among the States in a climate of respect, understanding, and mutual aid in po- litical affairs. However, the moment has arrived for that political solidarity to be completed with an economic so- lidarity, as is contained in the spirit of Senator Smathers’ speech. If in the previous century, Henry Clay, in the Senate of the United States, took it upon himself to have the United States recognize the political independence of the Hispanic-American nations in their fight for freedom, on February 17, 1958, George Smathers asked that this be complemented by the proclamation of economic solidarity in the Western Hemisphere. a kt ee Latin American Firance and Trade News Reports LATIN AMERICANS GET POSTS ON SEA RIGHTS CONFERENCE GENEVA. (UP).—Latin Ameri- ea won three vice-presidencies and the presidency of the important committee considering fighing rights, at the United Nations Con- ference on Rights to the Sea being held here. cies and two Presidencies in the! committees. In the final count- ing of the election they lost the Presidency of the committee they were seeking for Guatemala, but Obtained a Vice-Presidency for} her at the table. Considering Latin American re presents “approximately one fourth of the total number of} The Latin Americans, voting in a solid block, won the Presidency of the Fishing and Undersea Wealth Committee for Ambassador Carlos Sucre, head of the Pana- manian delegation. The Latin American countries obtaining vice-presidencies, were: México, with 56 votes; Argentina, with 55 and Guatemala with 54. Professor Kenneth Hamilton, from Australia, whose candidacy) had been ‘sponsored by United States, was elected President of the first Committee that will con- sider the territorial rights of the sea and adjacent zones. It was a tight election because México presented the candidacy of Sucre, from Panama, but the Aus- tralian won 44 to 37. However, the Panamanian di-| plomat was later elected President} of the third Committe, which La-| tin Americans consider the most important. The Latin Americans aspired to States attending to the Conferen-) ce”, it insisted in obtainindg these | four positions, “and in view of the! enormous interest it, has for the| laws regulating sea matters”. SUGAR DISTRIBUTION SHOWS INCREASE NEW YORK (UP)—_ Sugar} trade quarters announced that) distribution of sugar by refiners, importers and domestic beet pro- cessors for the week ended Feb. 15 totaled 136,336 short tons, raw} value, against 123,576 tons in the| preceding week and 146,247 tons in the comparable week last year. | This brought the cumulative de- | liveries for the year thus far to | 830,000 tons, against 845,000 in| the like period last year and 907,000 tons in the comparable 19-| 56 period Distribution for the week end- ed Fb. 15 included 103,531 tons by cane refinets 26,505 tons by beet processors and 6,300 tons by four positions: two Vice-Presiden- importers, t to be Built WASHINGTON, Feb. 27. (UP). Andrés Alvarado Puerto, Minister | of Foreign Relations of Honduras, said the construction of a paper and pulp factory in the Northern part of his country will be one of the first steps taken for econo- mie integration of the Central American countries, and for the| Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ VENEZUELA — An excellent example of Inter American tech- nicai cooperation is being carr ied into practice in Venezuela, in a} rural school where school teachers | from 18 of the 21 American re- publics receive additional training at the Inter American Normal Rural School of Rubio, Tachira State, to enable them to-train| others in rural school education. The pian, however, goes beyond the simple coaching on how to give country children an element- ary education. Realizing the great influence school teachers have in small communities, the originators of tne project want to widen the training scope of rural school teachers, so they may become a} factor in the development of dis- tricts, where they work, by show- ing children how to improve living and social conditions in their com- munities. This requirement has committed the countries concerned to care- ful selection of teacher-students sent to the Rubior School. Brazil has sent a lady physician and an| agronomist; Colombia, several rur- al school headmasters; Haiti, its | general director of rural educa- tion; El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua some of their best rur- al school teachers; Venezuela a number of school principals. The Inter American Normal Rural School as completed in 1953, according to an agreement. be- tween Venezuela and the Organiza- tion of American States. Venezuela was selected among | several American republics which submitted offers, because it was considered the country offering best technical facilities. The OAS| pays the salaries of the school di- rector, eight professors and a num- ber of assistants, in addition to $1,200 yearly scholarships to 105 teachers, plus transportation from | and to their countries, lodging and| personal expenses. It also supplies | all teaching equipment. Venezuela built the school at her own expensc, furnishes land ) for farming and cattle breeding | Venezuela built the school at | her own expense, furnishes land for farming ant cattle brecdttg| experiments, pays salaries of the | Venezuelan professors, and also| pays transportation expenses of students to neighboring rural} schools. The Venezuelan Govern-| ment presented the school with a} 3,000-volume library. Each of the American nations participating in the project may send five students | under OAS scholarships and as ma- nay more above five as it wishes, for its own account. Several hun- dred students from Latin Ameri- can countries have been taking advantage of the project. One of the main requirments to enter the schom is a minimum of | five years teaching experience. | The two-year course includes five | general subjects’ farming and live- | stock breeding, home economics, health and sanitation, teaching me- thods, and school - management. Students are also required to take up the following courses; natural | sciences (zoology, botany, physics | and chemistry). social sciences (ru- ral sociology, economics, geogra- phy and world history), and Span- ish and English grammar and lit- erature, The Inter American Normal Rural School is housed in several buildings in the center of a 124 acre tract of land. There are seven buildings for classrooms, laborator- | ies and shops; five buildings for! male students’ dormitories, and. two for employees’ dormitories; | one houses and 8-bed infirmary, attended by a doctor, a dentist, | and a nurse; and one for dining. | rooms, kitchen, pantry, etc. There is a large auditorium for lectures. anc motion picture exhibitions, | and there are stables, poultry hou-| ses, swine pens. rabitt pens, and, bee houses, It also has a girls’ | dormitory, houses for the school | Director and professors, a sports , | school has its own power plant and water supply. | Spanish Version Page 3 Paper and Pulp Factory |Honduran Ambassador to the |ees, not with bullets, but before | tional Court. | official of the Honduran Depart- | mediately after the war. The loans THE AMERIEASD For a better understandirig between the Americas MIAML SPRINGS, FLA., FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1958 in Honduras ata Cost of $50,000,000 establishment of a Central Amer- ican common market. Construction of the factory will cost between 40 and 50 million dollars, ‘Alvarado ,made the statement shortly after arriving in Washing- ton, where he is visiting for two days. He has been holding con- ferences with high officials of the U.S. Government. The Minister said that it will be some time before it can be an- nounced which firms will be in! charge of construction. He insist- ed, however, that the project has passed already the “negotiations phase”. Alvarado said the products of the factory will be for consump- tion in Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Costa Rica and Nica- Tagua —the five countries which will form the Central American} common market —and for any other countries wishing to buy them. Alvarado came with the new White House and the Organization of American States, Celio Davila, who 25 years ago was Attaché to the Honduran Embassy in Wa- shington. While here, Alvarado will con- fer with Manley Hudson, promin- ent international lawyer who will advise him on the border dispute between Honduras and Nicaragua. The Minister said the border dis- pute will be submitted to the Per- manent International Court of Jus- tice, of The Hague, probably within three or four months. Honduras and Nicaragua agreed last June, after a short border war! which caused 20 dead and 50) wounded, to solvve their ‘differen- the International Court. According to Alvarado, Hudson is confident that Honduras will win her case before the Interna- The two Honduran diplomats; were greeted at the airport by high ranking U.S. officials, in- cluding William P. Snow, of the Inter American Affairs Office, | State Department; William Weil-| and, Direetor of the Office of Cen- tral American Affairs; John Graf, | ment, and Clement E. Conger, As-| sistant Protocol Director. Conger greeted Alvarado and) Davila “in the name of President | | Ondarts [New Markets. for Argentina Opened in Red Countries VIENA, Feb, 27. (UP)..— Rail Ondarts, head of the Argentine Trade Mission, declared today that his country has opened new ex-| port markets, in making purchases behind the iron curtain. The mission headed by Ondarts! has visited Prague, Budapest, Bu-| arest, Sofia and Belgrade, and now is again in Prague. © Czechoslovakia, according to which that country will buy ~°$2;500,000 worth of Argentine meat”, On- darts said, t He also pointed out that his country has bought railroad equip-| ment worth one million dollars in Hungary, and expects to buy more in the future. The order was plac- ed with Gnacz, Budapest manu- facturers, Argentina had ordered $3,500,- 000 -worth of Hungarian products, in -particular telephone and. rail- road materials. A few weeks ago signed a contract. for purchases amounting to $16,000,- 000 with Czechoslovakia, and de- elared the amount of the con- tracts are higher than the debts of those countries with Argentina. “But we hope we have opened new markets for our products —) Ondarts said — and we have also| signed contracts with Jugoslavia for purchases amounting to $100,- 000: during our brief stay in Bel- grade, and I expect to sign another one later”, Ibéfiez to Visit United States at the End of April WASHINGTON. (UP). — The White House has officially an- nounced that Carlos Ibafiez del Campo, President of Chile, will visit United States at the end of April. The announcement says he will start his trip through the country | with an official visit to Washing- ton, as a guest of Presidente Ei- senhower from April 29. After -a stay of three days in the Capital, Ibafiez will go to New York. It is known he has in mind to visit other american cities, in- cluding Chicago, San Francisco | Eisenhower and Secretary of State | and Los Angeles but the final pro- John Foster Dulles”, gram has not been arranged yet. Eximbank Loans to Latin America Linked to Close Relations: Waugh WASHINGTON, February 26 — (UP)— Samuel Waugh, President of the Export-Import Bank, de- clared it was not a mere accident | that the activities of the Institu- tion were greater in Latin Ameri- can than in any; other part of the world. “The great results of our opera- tions in that region”, he said, “is the direct consequence of our close relations with our neighbors of this hemisphere. “The big loans granted to Eu- rope during 1945-46 were made with the purpose to finance re- construction in that continent in- granted to some Asiatic countries, on the other hand, reflected new | opportunities and* investment needs for our own mitual interest. | during discussions of a bill to make loans, the activities of the Export-Import Bank have increas- ed. We believe if Congress in-| creases our margin of authority: to make loans, this policy will conti- nue its trend in the future”. Waugh made this statement in a public hearing before the House Banking and Currency Committee, in- | creasing the loan margin up to $2,000,000.000. Waugh said that. he. and the Board of. Directors of the Bank favored this bill, and affirmed that private enterprise had not been | able to meet the world needs as | | well as investments and develop- ments, The loans made by the Bank to Latin America, he said, are’ the most clear example of the highest “Every time there has been a change in world affairs and the economic facilities have permitted HEMISPHERIC EVENTS degree of coordination between | private énterprise and the Govern- Ondarts Declares “We have signed a contract with |} Al | | | 1 | NICARAGUAN ATTITUDE STRONGLY CRITICISED BY COLOMBIAN PAPERS BOGOTA, Feb: 27. (UP).—The Nicaraguan Chargé d’Affaires an- nounced his Government. consi- ders Hernando Rodriguez, alias “El Borugo”, in political asylum, and has asked the Colombia Go- vernment to extend him the co- rresponding safe-conduct. Rodriguez obtained asylum two weeks ago in the Nicaraguan Em- bassy. The Chargé d’Affairs said that the Colombia’s Foreign office sent him information about crimi- nal procedures against Rodriguez, but that his. Government granted ‘him asylum simply as “a humani- tary act”. -He adds that the in- formation furnished him by the Colombia’s .Government about Ro- driguez, refers to an accussation of homicide committed by him in 1954 and for which he is now free on bail. This decision of Nicaragua was strongly critized by the newspaper | “El. Tiempo”, which calls it an “insult to. Colombia” and a “dis- respect to international decency”.| It also adds the decision of Nica-| ragua is a “violation” to the con-| ventions regulating asylum and of} moral laws which in this. case can- | not be willfully disregarded”. | It also objects the possibility | that Bolivia grants political asylum to Luis Morales Gomez, ex-Finance Minister in the Rojas Pinilla regi- me and ex-Manager of the Banco Popular, against whom a criminal court judge and another of a civil court have issued orders of arrest. Rodriguez, sheltered in the Ni- caraguan Embassy, has not had any known political activity. The| newspaper “El Siglo” published the date when he was arrested by Colombian detectives, affirming he was condemned for “voluntary ho- mieide” when he killed his con- cubine, when he was bodyguard of | Rojas Pinilla. The same news- paper says he is involved in other murder and other crimes. Rio Police Chief Praised for Low Carnival Deaths RIO DE JANEIRO. (UP)—Jaime Cardinal Barros Camara congra- tulated Police Chief Amaury Kruel today for holding this year’s Mardi Gras casualties down to 38 dead and> 1,100 in jured, These. figures compare with, 60 persons’ killed and 2,700 injured in last year’s pre-Lenten carnival. Five of this year’s dead were murdered, and two cdémmitted suicide. The other fatalities ‘re- sulted from traffie accidents or mob: violence. Camara credit Kruel for keep- ing casualties down by mobilizing about 5,000 police for emergency duty and deploying mobile units to break up violent disturbances in ‘the least possible time. - Police jailed some 600 undesir- ables” during the carnival and held them until Ash Wednesday, when the festivities were over. An additional 109- persons were arrested for such offenses as at- tempted homicide or theft. Drinking was heavy during the Mardi Gras celebration because of the searing temperatures of the Brazilian summer. - One brewery alone reported the sale or more than 10 million bottles . of. beer. ment, during the festivities. ~ |its members has not any relations| vitas, LY + Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 200 Nicaraguan Ambassador to Cuba Gets Rebel Threat on Arms Sale to Batista | Rebels Bottled up in Mountains Army Commander Assures Batista HAVANA, Feb. 27. (UP). — It was learned here that revolution- ary students of the Federation of University Students sent a threa- tening letter to the new Nicara- guan Ambassador in Havana, Mi- forces under Castro’s command’ in Sierra Maestra, Oriente Province, had a ¢onference with President Batista, in the Presidential Palace, and .assured -him that. the rebel forces have been bottled up and guel Die Escoto, who presented his} cannot even come down to the credentials Tuesday to President) plains of the western part of the Batista in a ceremony held in the} Presidential Palace. The United Press learned that the letter warns Ambassador Es- eoto to be “careful” if Nicaragua | realizes its sale of arms surplus to the Cuban Government. The President of Nicaragua, Luis Somoza, confirmed the exis-| jtence of negotiations with Cuba| about arms for this country, main- ly armored cars, which Nicaragua | bought from Israel some time ago. The sources of the report to United Press said the Ambassador rushed to deliver the letter to Go- vernment hands. The guard taking care of the Ho- tel Nacional, where the Ambas- sador is in the Presidential suite, was reinforced. The’ Federation of the Universi- tyStudents, as it is known in Ha- vara, has close relations with the Revolutionary Directory, nism of the clandestine movement! with seat in Miami. It is reported the great part o! with the rebels in the Central part of Cuba who are constantly haras- sing the army, in different villages of the Provinces. Manuel Prendes, President of the Students’ Federation, is hiding, probably in some part of Havana, since the, massacre of four lead- ing students in April, when they were surprised in an apartment were they were hiding since the attempt to kill Batista in the un- successful attack to the President- ial Palace in March. CASTRO SURROUNDED ARMY CHIEF DECLARES HAVANA, Feb. 27. —(UP).— Colonel Manuel Ugalde Carrillo, Province. Col. Ugalde Carrillo was accom- panied by Lieutenant General Francisco Tabernilla, Chief ‘of Joint Staff, when visiting the Chief | Executive. Ugalde Carrillo maintained the rebels have been bottled up in the top of the mountains, and that sabotage in some other parts of the Province are caused by com- mon criminals and not by Castro’s troops. He added the army maintains constant: pressure upon the haras- sed rebels. Meanwhile, reports from Manza- nillo, Oriente, say Castro’s rebels “kidnapped” six persons in Cam pechuela and killed one of them in the presence of the rest, real- easing them. It is added the rebels hang a sign around the dead’s an orga-|"@ck which read: “Informer”. Reports from the central “front” |say trop reinforcements from Ca- | magiiey Province arrived in Nue- near the border line of Orien- te and Camagiiey provinces, to search for “plunderers” in the Santa Lucia hills, where an army patrol was ambushed recently. In other fronts in the campaign against the Government, sabotage has been reported from half a dozen cities of the interior, includ- ing Matanzas and Camagiiey,- as well as Havana. In Havana, five persons were arrested, accused of sending medi- cines and explosives to Castro’s supporters, A fierce fire destro- yed two commercial establish- ments in La Lisa, a suburb of nearby Mariano. There were lo casualties, but damages have beem Chief of army troops fighting rebel | estimated in $200,000. Democracy Winning in Hemisphere, "The: New York Times” Declares DEMOCRACY WINNING Frances NEW YORK. Feb, 27 (UP)— “The New York Times,” in an edi- torial entitled “DEMOCRACY AT WORK,” comments on the latest events in Latin America, as fol- lows: “The election in Argentina, the revolution in Venezuela that fol- lowed other revolutions against dictatorships in Colombia and Ar- gentina, the popular pressure that forced the Peruvian dictator to hold fair elections, the Cuban struggle — these and other events of recent years are signposts in the long, hard uphill journey to- ward democracy in Latin Ameri- ca, “Last week a manifesto was is- sued here through;a stanch de- mocrat, Prof. German Arciniegas of Coiumbia University, a former Minister of Education and’ Ambas- sador of his native Colombia. It was signed by a long list of distinguish- ed statesmen, scholars, political leaders and editors in many of the Latin America n News in Brief AGUILERA DAY 8 PROCLAIMED IN N. Y. NEW YORK (U.P.) — The May- or Robert F, Wagner proclaimed Francisco Vicente Guilera Day, in} honor of a Cuban patriot who died | in this country on February 23, 18- 77. 4 Wagner made the proclamation | in a statement delivered to Alfredo Pellerano, Pres'dent of the Cuban newspaper men of . New York, which made the request resulting in the announcement made by the New Yorker Mayor. Pellenero visited Wagner with a group of the Directors of the Club formed by José M. de Poo, Mario by Quintero and.Silvio Parra. The proclamation reminds that Aguilera was one of the pioneers ‘| and Vice-President of the Repub- lic in arms, and the most distin- | guished figures of the so called | | an campaign for her liberation, to which he contributed his enormous wealth, Sick and almost-in pover- ty he went to exile; dying in New York. . U.S, WRITER-BANKER DIES IN SAN JUAN | SAN JUAN, P. R, (UP)— Ame- | rican writer Frederick B, Rich- ‘ard, of Glen Falls, N. Y., died from a brain hemorrhage at Pres- | byterian Hospital here. He was 92, His body will be flown home Sat- urday for burial at Union Ceme- stadium and a swimming pool. The Gonzalez, Armando Rivera, Bob-' try, Hudson Fa'ls, N.-Y. Richard -had Lved in Puerto :Ri- | co for the past 18 months. He had War of the Ten Years in the Cub-! One of his best known works was “Black ‘atch at Ticonderoga,” publish 1910. Richard retired in 1955 from the Presidenty of the Glen Falls Sav- ings and Loan Bank. He is surviv- ard, 57, Director of the Sain Just School at Trujillo, in the out- skirts of San Juan. “FLYING SAUCER” SEEN IN BRAZIL RIO DE JANEIRO (UP)— The Brazilian Navy Ministry vouched today for the authenticity of the ‘photographs of a “flying saucer” taken récently aboard the navy survey ship “Almirante Saldanha.” A Navy Ministry statement said the pictures were taken by photo- grapher Almiro Barauna in the men while the ship was cruising off Trinidad Island, 700 miles off the port of Vitoria, Espirito Santo State. Navy Minister Adm, Antonio: Alves Camara said after meeting ed here by a son William L, Rich-) with President Juscelino Kubit- schek in the summer presidential palace at Petropolis, that he also vouched personally for the authen- ticity of the pictures. “The Navy has a great secret which it cannot divulge because it cannot be explained,” the Minis- ter said in reference to the pheno- menon witnessed and photograph- ed from the “Almirante, Saldan- pone aay _ NEW POWER PLANT 3 MEXICO CITY (UP)— The Na- tional Rural Electrification Com- been sick for the past 16 days. presence of a large number of sea- mission said the new 110,000 volt Latin American countries and " circulated. throughout the hemi- sphere in the free press. It is @ firm and dignified statement of the democratic principles that should guide Latin American .na- tions and an expression of faith in the fitness and readiness of the Latin countries for democracy, By coincidence, an official state- ment from the United States was published about the same time and largely overlooked in the rush of big news. This was in the form of an exchange of letters be- tween Representative Charles 0, Porter of Oregon and Assistant Secretary of Stare William B. Ma- comber Jr. ‘Mr. Porter worte to President Eisenhower on Feb. 13 suggesting a statement “congratulating the Venezuelan people on the over- throw. of the Pérez Jiménez re- gime.’ Mr. Macomber replied on behalf of the President and end- ed his letter with a significant sen- tence that is worth attention and constant repetition. “While we are not in a position to intervene in the internal sde- velopments of the countries of L in America,” he wrote, “we are in a position to feel — and we do feel — satisfaction and pleasure when the people of any try .determinedly choose the 2 to democracy and freedom.” a “This exchange of letters was published in the Congressional Re- cord of Feb, 18. It should give some comfort to those who think that the United States has given too little support to the strug. gle for democracy in Latin Ame- rica and has shown too much friendliness toward dictators,” line linking the rich agricultural} region of Pabelién to the nation al power pool through the Aguas. calientes electrical plant will be in service by the end of the month, The 240,000.90 mile-long line wilt power irrigation pumps in one of the Republic’s most important grape-producing areas