Diario las Américas Newspaper, February 6, 1958, Page 10

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people LE 5th YEAR @ A SAN ROMAN President 8. SMITB Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Editor and Manager c. Ww. SMITH Vico resident Pre FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Eliseo Riera-Gomez Managine Editor Advt. & Cire Mer. Seeieeemenennmmeenntemmnmenemenimmmmeameemmmmeinmmenaeeemmamemeieemnmmmenema Publishea daily except Monaay — Entere@ as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs Fla. on February 8. 1956. EDITORIAL ELECTIONS CUBA It is obvious that President Batista has a marked interest in not letting anything interfere with the electoral process, so that in June there will be popular elections to determine his successor to the Presidency. It is also obvious that there is a sector of the opposi- tion that has decided to abstain from participating, claim- ing that in Cuba a democratic atmosphere required for free and honest elections, as corresponds to a well organiz- ed Republic, does not exist. As it is well known, within the opposition there are other groups that are ready to go to the polls, because they believe that in that field they can win over the Govern- ment, forcing it, in case it is necessary, to hold free elections. On its part, Batista’s party has already nominated a candidate, and the political forces supporting him are in line already to particinate in the elections next June. It is convenient for Cuba, to be sure, to solve the present political problem, obviously serious, in the most prudent, effective and decorous manner. If absolutely democratic elections were held as a result of an equally democratic electoral campaign, there would be a possibility that the successor for General Batista is the man chosen by the Cuban people at the polls. Any effort made to bring Cuba out of the impasse in which she is now, without harming her institutions and her political and social stability even more than it has already suffered, should be made by the citizens who want peace with dignity, decorous political progress and the general wellbeing. Any measure which can be taken to inspire positive confidence to the Cuban people, in the sense that the voting THE AME a For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA,, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 1958 Democracy in Costa Rica Praised in NEW YORK, Feb. 5 —(UP).— “The New York Times” publishes} today an editorial entitled “Cos-| ta Rican Democracy”, praising the manner in which last Sunday’s| jelections were held. The editorial) | says: “The elections for President and | the Legislative Assembly in Costa Rica were a model of what demo- cratic elections can and should be. This was a splendid example for Latin America as a whole and one that we could expect from such a| |democracy as Costa Rica and such | la confirmed champion of liberty as President José Figueres. “There simply could not have been | a more honest election than Sun-| day’s. ‘Don Pepe’, as the President | is universally called, started two years ago by creating a Supreme Electoral Tribunal in which a poli- tical neutral had the deciding vote. There were new registrations, lists of names posted in all localities in good time to be challenged, and United Nations observers to watch the voting and the counting. will be free and honestly counted, must be adopted. Any precaution required to guarantee the indispensable neu- trality of the Government in the electoral process, avoid- ing that the candidate of the party in power gets aid or encouragement alien to democracy, must be taken, with as much strictness as sincerity. President Batista could take advantage of the example in Costa Rica, requesting in the name of the Cuban Govern- ment a delegation of observers of the United Nations Organization. which, within the ample and modern con- cepts of international law, may exercise adequate super- vision both during the campaign and during the counting of the votes. With the initiative coming from the Government, it would take special care in harmonizing the principles of internal sovereignty —so generously flexible within mo- dern Public Law— with the functions of moral order, more than of any other nature, of the observers that the United Nations Organization may recommend, who would certainly be persons of high international significance. If, for any reason, that formula is not agreeable to President Batista, perhaps he could find one that, in a clear manner, without leaving any doubts to the opposition, may offer democratic assurances to the country, so that a considerable portion of the people —all of the people if possible— could exercise the right to vote within a climate of Cuban coriality and authentic republicanism. Neighbo By ANTONIO RUIZ MEXICO — Stretching into the Guif of México, where it joins the | Caribbean Sea, is the Peninsula| of Yucatan. It is the historic and provocative land of the fabulous Mayan race. Though forming part of the Republic of México, it is| distinguished from the rest of the country because of its individual historie and cultural background and by its uniaue traditions and customs. Yet, it is México, one of the “many Méxicos” that enthrall the travelers and induce them to prolong their stay and also to re- turn again and again. Yucatan has few scenic attrac-| tions, as these are generally un-| derstood, The countryside is flat and covered in the most part with | henequén plantations, small farms and dense forest of stubby trees and thick tropical brush. There are no lakes or mountains to break | the monotony, and such rivers as) there are, flow underground. How- | ever, hidden away among the by ‘The New York Times’ an Editorial “One result of all this, and one| proof of the honesty of the elec- tion, was that President Figueres, candidate, Francisco Orlich, was | beaten. The victor was Mario} Echandi of the National Union party, to whom congratulations and good wishes are due. The other candidate, Jorge Rossi, ran a poor third. He came from the President’s National Liberation | party ‘and by splitting its votes| probably insured the victory of se-| for Echandi. “The results in Congress were} also interesting and they foretell | an exciting four years in the le- gislative field. The former Presi-| dent, Rafael Calderén Guardia,} from his self-exile in Mexico, di- rected his Republican party in a successful comeback, but only for the Assembly, Dr. Echandi’s Na- tional Union, even with the sup- port of the Republicans, will have a minority in Congress. Latin America Should Reduce Arms Budgets, Senator Says WASHINGTON, Feb..5 (UP)— Senator Hubert H. Humphrey declared again that the Latin Amer- ican countries should reduce their military budgets and dedicate this money to economic improvement, Senator Humphrey, member of the Senate’s Foreign Relations Committee, said that “it would be wise to devote this money and that obtained from the United States to the economic improve- ment, and for a higher standard of living.” He made this statement in a long speech he made in the Senate. Humphrey, who also is President | of the Disarmament Sub-Committee |of the Senate, in other occasion said that Latin America would a | proper place to practice a partial | disarmament, in view of the success jof the Organization of American “Politics in Costa Rica are always lively, intelligent and of high quality. President Figueres| introduced a sort of new deal that! President-elect Echandi would nei-| ther want nor be able to undo. As} a matter of fact, when Dr. Calde-| rén Guardia was President (1940- 44) he sponsored the Labor Code and started the extensive social se- curity system, which accounts for his big following. On the other hand, Costa Ricans are the most middle-class people in Latin Ame- rica. This explains why they are so democratic and socially advane- ed, but it also means that they are fundamentally conservative. “Therefore, there will probably be no great changes even though the party in power was beaten. This is the same sort of stability In the long run, the unstable coun- tries of Latin America are the dictatorships.” that we and all democracies have. | States to settle political conflicts in the continent. “The success of the Inter. Amer- ican system makes it possible to think of the reduction of arma- ments in each of the countries of that region,” Humphrey said. ARGENTINE MISSION. IN PRAGUE NEGOTIATION VIENNA. (UP)—A ten man | Argentine trade delegation under | Raoul Ondarts is presently having trade talks with czechoslovakian authorities, Prague said today The radio stated that the talks were progressing well and that agreements over Czech exports to Argentina will soon be signed. It said that the Argentine delega- tion is especially interested | motors, chemicals, pumps, raildroad tracks, telephone material, medical apparatus and instruments. Planks and Board NEW YORK. (UP). “Business Week”, economic-financial maga- zine, reports that a new and im- portant use for the bagasse of sugar cane has been found, for the manufacture of planks and boards for building construction. Bagasse, the residue left after| sugar cane is processed, now is| being used in the preparation of | chemical, paper, insulation produ- cts, and cattle feed. A company organized by John} to RO* foots te woods and brush are beautiful co- | Shattuck, ex- Vice-President of the s for Construction Work to be Made From Sugar Bagasse | established a plant in Paramonga, | Pera, which manufactures wrap- ping paper. | Grace is also constructing ano- | ther plant in Puerto Rico, which should start production in 1959, and another in Colombia. There are seven other plants in all of the world which use sugar cane bagasse as raw material for paper. In the U.S., the Celotex Company used 250,000 tons of bagasse a year. With it, the Ce- lotex Company makes insulating in} Czech industrial machinery, diesel | Nine Bombs to New Sug HAVANA, Feb, 5. —(UP).— Nine bombs exploded last night in different places of this Capital city. The greater part had been plac- ed in stores, which suffered da- mages, especially the breakage of window glasses. None of the bombs deatho or injuries. Almost al explosions ocurred far from the center of the Capital. Meanwhile rebel sources report- ed that the rebels destroyed 13,000 tons of sugar cane using a plane in Las Villas Province. They said it is the second attack of this kind in less than a week. The sugar cane fields, as report- ed, belonged to Central Resulta, at Sagua La Grande. caused Previously, an unidentified bi- motor had caused fires in five sugar mills, with great losses; but owners said they could cut about seven thousand tons of sugar cane, as a heavy rain extinguished the fire, Meanwhile, authorities found) five bodies in Estrada Palma. Ru-| mors account it as revenge on the| part of the rebels. Later it was} found that one of the dead was the farmer Carlos Forment, who wanted to run for Mayor of Guan- tanamo, with the Government’s help, In Artemisa (Pinar del Rio) three persons were injured when three bombs exploded. Two sus- pects who were members of the rebel movement were captured. NEWS CENSORED IN ORIENTE PROVINCE LA HABANA, Feb. 5. (Special |to HE AMERICAS DAILY) — It was reported from Oriente Provin- press censorship was suspended in that province, military authori- ties ordered the reporters not to |send reports to their newspapers and agencies on fights between |rebels and government soldiers, |and to strictly adjust them to the | official reports. ce that in spite of the fact that | ASDAILY Explode in Havana; Rebels Set Fire arcane Fields General Alberto del Rio Cha- viano, Chief of Santiago de Cuba Regiment, held reporters respon- sible for reports which were not officially confirmed. The Radio and telegraphic concerns will not transmit any information from the reporters unless it is beforehand revised by the officers of the army named for that purpose. The provincial Newspaper Guild of Oriente Province, has vigorously protested against this, claiming that according to a resolution of the Government Ministry the cen- sorship was declared ended in that | province as in the rest provinces of the nation. Here, in Havana, a policeman was killed whil he was riding a |bus, when he was shot twice in |the chest by two assailants, who also were passengers in the bus. They rang the bell for the bus to stop, and while the conductor | opened the door, each one fired a shot at the policeman, Salvador | Dominguez Rubio, 35, who was| taken by other policemen to a. hospital, Ambassador Campa Denies N. Y. Daily Mirror Report WASHINGTON, Febrero 5 (UP) —Cuban ambassador Miguel Angel Campa emphatically denied a re- port published by the New York newspaper “The Daily Mirror,” that a member of the Embassy had been fired for having col- laborated in Fidel Castro’s rebel- lion. “We have not fired anybody, |Campa said, and my Government |has not ordered any dismissal | either.” According to Washington observ- ers, the columnist of the “Daily Mirror” probably was confussed, in view of the fact that more than three months ago a member of the Cuban Delegation to the Organiza- | tion of American States resigned for political difficulties with the Havana Government. Lead and Zinc Tariff Increase Will Worsen Crisis for Latin Americans Latin American Finance and Trade News Reports CAPITAL SOUGHT TO DEVELOP) Santa Fe Drilling Company, and COLOMBIAN COAL DEPOSITS | operations are expected to start WASHINGTON — American in. °% the first well some time in vestors have been invited to fin.) March. lonial cities and towns and scat- tered through the extensive hene- quén plantations are old hacien-| das and picturesque sisal mills. Populating this ancient and his- toric land are the most hospitable, graceful and skilled people. Their simple, joyous way of life tempts the vistor to linger there to share more of it. Yet, the most thrilling treasure of this enchanting land Manati Sugar Company, is finish- plant, which will use Cuban bagas- se products, for the construction of furniture, buildings, ceilings, and sidewalks. Shattuck, accord-| ling to the magazine, hopes to sell | his products at lower prices than those of common or veneered | wood. This plant will use some 90 tons is the existence of the magnifi- cent ruins of a distinctive, highly developed civilization, far superior of bagasse (dried), a day, and will| | produce 50,000 feet of boards. At} this time the product is selling in |ing the construction of a new} | | | ance and undertake the develop- ment of the Cerrejon and Palma- rito coal deposits in the Depart- ment of Magdalene, 65 miles in- land from the coastal town of Rio- hacha, Colombia An estimated in- vestment of US $30 million is re- quired for the industrialization of the mines. A survey of the mines which in- dicates the potential commercial value of the properties, availability of reserves, ete was prepared in 1955 for the Instituto de Fomento Industrial, IFI, a semi-official Co- lombian organization. The Institu- to, which holds exclusive exploita-, tion rights, has only recently de- cided to proceed ‘with the com- mercial development of the de- Posits. Those firms interested in ‘the | possible exploitation of these de- posits may contact the Investment Development Division, Bureau of Foreign Commerce, U. S, Depart- ment of Commerce, Washington 25, D.C. TEXACO GETS OIL CONCESSION IN PERU WASHINGTON — The Texas Company in partnership with the newly-organized Peruvian com- pany, Petrolera Yurimaguas, have acquired an oil drilling concession for about 1,209.000 acres in eastern Pert, The concession lies between the Marafion and Huallaga Rivers, running north from the town of | Yurimaguas on the latter river. According to information — re- ceivea from Lima. Texaco holds a two-thirds interest in the conces- sion and the local company one- third, but Texaco will carry out all the exploration operations. i Sains will be done by the WEST GERMANY PROMOTES SALES TO MEXICO WASHINGTON — The West day solo trade fair in Monterrey | recently to help bolster its bid for a larger share of México’s market. | The show, held at the Instituto Te- | enologico, was cosponsored by the | German Consulate at Monterrey | and the Mexican-German Chamber of Commerce. Purpose of the exhibit accord- duce Mexican agents and repre- sentatives of German manufactur- ers. most of whom are located in Mexico City, to show their goods in Monterrey and to become more active in soliciting business in that city. He said that these dealers were making little effort to deve- lop business in Monterrey because they felt the market was complete- ly dominated by the Americans. One of the outstanding features of the event was a daily program of scientific and technical films and lectures in the Spanish lan- guage. The films covered a wide variety of subjects and described many of the products of West Ger- many’s industries. The lectures, | given by German engineers and | technicians, dealt with such topics | a8 economy through the use of | proper tools, technical education in Germany and the application of hard metals to the mining indus- try. Total volume of orders booked at the fair amounted to 20 mil- lion pesos, or $1.6 million, ac- cording to press announcements, in many respects to that which | | flourished in Europe at the time the Cuban market for 28 cents a the Spanish Crown sought to con- foot. Bagasse, in the form of arti- quer and colonize the new con. ficial wood, is selling for much tinent discovered by Christopher More than the sugar cane or }and acustical material which is | used in construction of buildings. “Business Week” later mentions that all of these operations are made only when use of the great surpluss of bagasse is used. The main problem regarding the use of bagasse has been, up to now, that it cannot be produced at lower prices than those which |competitive products of regular | wood or wood residue can bring |in the market. According to Shattuck, the ba- gasse product he will make will compete with all kinds of wood or veneer products. WASHINGTON, Feb. 5 (UP). The Inter American Economic and Social Council, in a report issued here, declares that new restric- tions proposed in the United States |for the imports of lead and zine | will materially worsen the already |critical situation facing the Latin | American producers of those two | metals, The report says the markets for | those two metals never have been las shaky as during the last eight years, in which there were price decreases of as much as fifty per- cent in a single year. The report was prepared by the Council’s personnel in answer to a |requert of México, Bolivia and Pert, in which these countries asked the Council to recommend It will later be able to be form-| that the lead and zinc situation be ed in from 10 to 14 minutes into | German Government staged a 10-| Columbus. While the Old World was blind- ly struggling to emerge from the Dark Ages, this part of the New |Yorld had already independently cepts of religion, advanced archi- tecture, sculpture, painting, cera- mics, mosaics, and textiles, as well as the sciences of mathematics and astronomy. Living in villages and setlle- ments which are also hidden from immediate. view by the dense woods, are the bronzed descend- ants of that great Mayan race. They proudly maintain the cus- toms and some of the arts of their illustrions forbears and speak the same language. They treasure their ancient traditions and le- gends. Following and age-old custom, fathers tell their sons of the migh- ty deeds of legendary great lead- ers of how and why they built their enormous and marvelous re- ligious centers, incomparably beau- tiful temples, pyramids and other structures, so magnificently adorn- ed with stone carvings of the most intricate design. Splendid paved highways now lead from Mérida the beautiful ca- pital of Yucatan, to the principal ruins so far discovered and partial- ly reconstructed — Chichén Itza, out of the woods and rush are in- numerable mounds which appear to the untraintd eye as small, na- tural hills, but which in reality mark the sites of other pyramids and ancient buildings, still over- grown with heavy vegetation, gath- ered through the centuries. |... Spanish Version Page 3 |forged and practiced great con-| Uxmal, Kabah and Labna. Rising} sugar. The “Business Week” planks. The planks will vary from | considered by the United Nations. This proposal of the Latin Ame- article the lighest, which will be similiar| rican countries was being studied 'recalls that the W. R. Grace and/ to balsa, wood weighing 40 pounds|again by the Basic Products Com- Company was the first to use|a cubic foot, to those heavy as| mittee of the Council, whose mem- bagasse, 19 years ago, when they HEMISPHERIC EVENTS | mahogany or oak. bers said the final recommenda- tion of the Council will not be ready before next week. U. S. authorities consider that this report strongly supports the position of the three countries, whose trade balance depends in great part on the export of the two metals. The report warns that any in- |crease in U. S. import tariffs for the two metals at present would {halt any future improvement in prices and consumption of the metals. Both Congress and the U. S. Tariff Commission are studying measures regarding the increase of tariffs and the enactment of import quotas for lead and zinc. The threat of enactment of | these measures, says the report, |may have had already a consi- |derable effect of depretiation in |the world market. The report, entitled “Events in the Zine and Lead Markets”, af- firms that the proposed measures are aimed at stabilizing the U. S. market at the expense of Latin American producers. Latin American News tn Brie _Perén Advises His Followers to Use | Civil Resistance CIUDAD TRUJILLO, Febrero 5 | (UP)—Ex Argentine Dictator Juan Domingo Perén urged his followers to continue civil resistance and “the insurrectional trend we have | Started”, and left them at liberty to vote in the Presidential elections of February 23. Perén gave an order to Argen- tine Peronism disregarding the Neo-Peronist parties and quotes that those “companions” who have accepted candidacies must inmedia- tely resign them. - The order specifies that elections of the 23 will be “undoubtedly a void act,” as a consequence of the “arbitrary exclusion” of Peronism, “false registrations,” annulments and the arbitrary persecution against the people.” Perén issued a copy of the order ;of the luxurious Hotel Jaragua to this reporter in his apartment which he occupies togther with Américo Barrios, John William Cooke and Pablo Vicente. Answering a question of the re- porter the ex-Dictator said he has in mind to take a trip,” “which is something I deserve after having served my country with alk my soul for more than forty years”, Perén appears to be in good health, saying that with the rest ‘he has taken he feels perfectly well. BEANS ON MEXICAN FREF IMPORT LIST MEXICO CITY (UP)— Prest- sury Secretary Antonio Carrillo Flores to put into effect immedia- tely the free imports of beans, Mexican food staple. The free importation will re- main effective until the harvest of the next Mexican bean crop. Last week a presidential directive was issued providing for the refund of 75 per cent of taxes paid on beans by importers, dent Ruiz Cortines ordered Trea-| ALLIS CHALMERS BUYS MEXICAN SUBISIDIARY MEXICO CITY (UP)— The Al- lis Chalmers Mfg, Co. of Milwau- kee, Wis. has bought its former Mexican subsidiary, the Industrial Dufermez, it was announced here. Dufermex President R, B. Rodri- guez said George C. Homstrom, formerly Allis Chalmers design superintendent in Milwaukee, will take over as the new manager of the Dufermex eiectrical transform- er manufacturing plant here. The Mexican operation will be- come Allis Chalmers fifth plant outside the United States, Rodri- guez said. PRESIDENT VISITING PUBLIC SCHOOLS GUATEMALA — Interim Pres!- dent Flores Avendafio visited dif- ferent schools throughout the city to see for himself the condition of the State teaching centers. The new school term began on Jan- uary 20th with a record demand | for classroom space. PERUVIANS SEE FLYING SAUCER LIMA, Peri, (UP)— Dr. José Valencia, a Lims attorney, his wife Teresa and his nephew Manuel Portocarrero said that while driv- ing in a car from Arequipa to Li- ma they saw a “flying saucer” standing still in the air at a height of about 1.500 feet. The passengers in a bus and the occupants of a truck travelling near Valencia’s car and in the same direction also saw the “saucer,” the Valencias said. Portocarrero was driving the car when, at a place about 350 miles north of Arequipa, the car lights began to flicker and finally went out completely. Portocarrero stopped the car by the roadside to investigate and was soon joined by the bus and truck which were having the same difficulty, the Va- lencias said. Most of the oecupants had come out of the three vehicles when they - Member Inter American Press Association e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 181 TEMPERATURE eno Y centigrade A Democracy in Action The elections held last Sunday for supreme authorities in Cos- ta Rica are proof that in several countries of America — in fact, in the great majority of them — democracy has a magnificent field of action. Examples of this nature should be pointed out.to give new strength to the faith of the people of our continent, some of whom have seen their horizon of liberty dim away. The people of Costa Rica, used to the democratic way of life, have come to cast their vote with faith in the future of the Re- public and confident of the guar- anteed respect by the authori- ties of their civil rights. The returns of last Sunday’s elec- tions do not constitute a sur- |. prise for the Costa Ricans, not even if there was an extremely. democratic atmosphere through- out the country. But, even if it was not a surprise, there is no doubt that they must feel deep political and civic gratification in knowing that they are citi- zens and not vassals, that they form a Republic genuinely. based on the broadest sense of the word. Interrogafives Around Fidel Castro's Position The attitude adopted by the rebel chief of the Sierra Maes- tra, Dr. Fidel Castro, has been the cause of much worrying among many “Cubans and has also given rise to much curiosity among those who somewhat hurt by the sufferings of the Repu- blic, but with some indifference, watch the developments that take place in their country. There are people who believe that Fidel and his followers are in a position to fight alone their war and come out successfully, and blame this as the reason behind his rupture with the other groups of the revolution. ary opposition, They also claim that the men alongside Fidel, almost all of them in_ their youth, want to break all ties with the other elements of the political scene, some of whom are already worn out by long political careers or are men long known in the national public picture. In this way, completely disassociated from them, the final victory —when and if it. comes— will only be Fidel’s and his men. There are also those who think that Fidel has made a grave po- litical and military error in breaking up and losing the help coming from the other sectors of the opposition, whom he has blasted in documents made pu- blic lately. They consider that a. weakened opposition plays Ba- tista’s game, as the latter aims to continue in power and thus be able to influence on the June elections. through an opposition so torn by its own internal pro- blems that it would shove aside the President and General. It does not matter if in the course of the fight they call him insult- ing names. What interests him most is an opposition with a waning fighting capacity. After all, he is used to insulting po- litical appellatives. Another version regarding Fi- del’s attitude seems to be that he wants to blame the leaders of the other revolutionary oppo- sition groups for his failure to achieve any progress in his more than a year of guerrilla activi- ties. If that were the case, it could be possible that Dr. Cas- tro wants to get public opinion ready before leaving the Sierra, by locating the responsibility on the men he has accused, one way or the other, in his letters and in statements made by his authorized mouthpieces. Until the clouds clear out, what really lies at the bottom of his attitude will continue being an interrogative. COLOMBIAN GOVT. WILL NOT POSTPONE ELECTIONS BOGOTA. (UP)—Pioquinto Ren- gifo minister of Central Govern: ment announced that the Military Junta of the Government will not postpone the parliamentary elec: tions called for the 16 of March. Rengifo made this statement to deny rumors that postponement was being considered in view of the political violence in various parts of the country, observed a strange incandescent object floating above their heads. It had the shape of a “flying sau- cer” and remained absolutely quie( overhead for 8 minutes according to the Valencias description. All persons witnessing the phe nomenon were left in a “high state of nerves”: by the experience, the attorney said eetemed