Diario las Américas Newspaper, December 21, 1957, Page 12

Inter-- American News for English - Speaking people aiiniemmiineme 5th YEAR ne nen RS RE RE SA LS TPO @ A SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Cc. Ww. Vice President SMITH 8. SMITH Vice President HORACIO AGUIRR! E Vice President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advt. & Cire Mer. Published datty except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs fla. op February & 195. EDITORIAL NEW CHAPTER IN HONDURAN HISTORY After several years of constitutional abnormality, Hon- duras begins today a constitutional period, with the inaugu- ration as President of the Re public of Dr. Ramén Villeda Morales, outstanding figure in Central American polities. All Hondurans are confident that the regime which begins today on solid republican foundations, will accom- plish its historical mission, which is mainly to channel national life through the paths of authentic democracy, progress, and administrative honesty. ; The political personality of Dr. Ramén Villeda Morales was molded in the' struggles to establish in Honduras a Government that would be a genuine representative of the national will, or at least of the majority of the people, and in those struggles many victories, of moral character, were won by the man who today, in Tegucigalpa, in a great demonstration of democracy, will be inaugurated as Presi- dent of Honduras. Dr. Ramon Villeda Morales, in campaigns of orienta- tion, from the ranks of the opp osition, was the hope of great sectors among the people, and as a consequence, he has reached, through clean civic roads, the Presidency of the Republic. A National Constituent Assembly, elected in an abso- lutely democratic manner, ratified in the person of Dr. Ramén Villeda Morales the will of the Honduran people, who in former elections had favored the illustrious states- man. In that manner, the Assembly elected as President of the Republic, at this transcendental moment for the his- tory of that Central American nation, Dr. Villeda Morales, In the vast field of Inter American life, the new Presi- dent of Honduras enjoys well deserved appreciation, both for his achievements as orientating leader of the masses of his country, as for his Panamericanist achievements from his high post as Ambassador in Washington and represen- tative of his country to the Organization of American States. At the opening of this new chapter of Honduran histo- ry, it is fair to give due credit to the manner in which the Military Junta Government acted in everything related to | the restoration of the democratic order in the country, which culminated in the election to the Presidency of the Republic of the man who awakened the greatest enthusiasm among Honduran voters, and in whose great capacity as a statesman and a patriot the people have placed their greatest hopes for complete democratic restoration. cx * Latin American Finance Ge ee and Trade News Reports WORLD COTTON PRODUCTION DOWN WASHINGTON, D. C. — The International Cotton Advisory Committe predicted that the world production of cotton during the current marketing year would fall to its lowest level since 1950-51. The I, C. A- C., an intergovern- mental agency representing 32 cotton producing and consuming countries, receives reports from the member nations on their es- timated production and require- ments for the coming year. On the basis of these reports, the Committee forecast world produc- tion at 36.7 million 500-pound bales for the marketing year which began last August 1 This is a de- cline of some 1.500,000 bales from the 1956-57 season, but still 7,- 100,000 million bales above the 19- 50-51 output. Most of the drop is a result of smajler production in the Unitea States. The Committee expects con-| sumption to remain fairly steady} and, consequently, “a significant | reduction” in the world carry-over | is in prospect. | C. A. C. officials | ment to Koppers Company, Inc., of $325,00 the company has lent to a new Guatemalan concern in the event it should be expropriat- ed. The new concern, Impregnado- res de Madera de Guatemala, S. A., is expected to contribute to the economic growth of Guatema- Ja by making productive use of the country’s forest resources. The company will buy timber, treat it with preservatives, and sell the treated, as well as untreated, lum- ber products in Central America. It will specialize in production of railway ties, construction lumber and utility poles. The $325,000 protected by ICA’s guaranty was advanced to the new company as working capital to defray costs of machinery and equipment, timber and land pur- chases, and to provide engineering services. BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT HAS BOND ISSUE WASHINGTON, D.C. — The Brazilian Congress recently autho- estimate the carry-over will fall to| ized the Government to issue 30 19.7 million bales by next August billion cruzeiros ($380 million at 1, compared to 22.2 million bales | the free rate of exchange) of when the current marketing year |honds, to meet employees payrolls began. A considerable part of this| and other Governmental expenses. reduction will be in U. S, stocks, since domestic cotton use is ex- pected to exceed the current U. S. output by at least two million bales. , Although U. 8S, cotton produc: tion will show a decline — this year. production increases are ex- pected in Méxicu, Egypt, Syria, In- dia, Pakistan, Argentina. and some of the smaller African countries, The Sudan, Turkey, Pert, and Uganda, expect smaller crops, ac- cording to the I. © A, C. FINANCE AND TRADE Frances GUATEMALAN INVESTMENT INSURED BY ICA WASHIGTO, D. C. — The In- ternational Cooperation Adminis- tration announced recently that Koppers Company, Inc., of Pitts- burgh, has obtained a U. S. Gov- ernment guaranty to protect its loan investment in a firm in Gua- temala. ICA’s guaranty was issued un- der the provisions of the Mutual Security Program legislation which Provides this protection as a means of encouraging U. S. pri- vate investment in overseas under- takings to promote economic de- The bonds will be guaranteed by a gold clause, inserted in the authorization bill by the Congress in order to stimulate buying by the public. Under this clause, the Govt. will disburse 3,600 million cru- zeiros, equivalent to 12 per. cent interest, plus 18 billion cruzeiros in the event of currency deva- luation over three years, NICARAGUAN LABELLING REQUIREMENTS WASHINGTON, D.C— Under Decree No 264 published in La Gaceta of Nicaragua of October 24, and effective from that date, all chemical substances, insectidies or fungicides, imported into Ni- caragua or produced or mixed lo- cally. must be labelled in Spanish, stating the date of manufacture of the product, the chemical for- mula, date of expiration, in accor- dance with the chemical cha- racteristies of the product, pre- cautions to be taken in its hand- ling and use, and the appropriate velopment in the Free World. In this case, it provides reimburse- ——— antidotes to be used in cases of prisoming. U. S. Import WASHINGTON, Dec. 20 (UP)— The Inter America Economie and Social Council approved a reso- lution by whick it declares that it “views. with alarm” the. possi- bility that the U. S. may raise the import duties on lead and zine, U. S. delegate, Harold Randall, the only one who opposed. the resolution. said that such an agree- | ment would not bring about any | results because it contains “erroneous implications” as well| as mistakes, He added that the mistakes are derived from the fact that the Council,s Basie Pro-| ducts Committee has not su- fficiently studied the matter. Know’ thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ CUBA (Continued) — Leaf to- bacco cannot be worked or handl- ed as it is received from the “ve- gas” or tobacco plantations, where it undergoes an extensive process of curing. It must be dipped in water to give it the necessary de- gree of moisture, which makes it sufficiently pliable to permit the cigar-makers to handle it without breaking the leaves. This applies only. to the topacco going inside of the cigars; the. outside leaves, | or “capa,” although needing also| a corresponding amount of moist- | ure, must be handled with speciat |care so as not’to mar or spoil) them. The tobacco dipper, one of| the many specialized workers in| the tobacco industry, takes the} leaves and dips them into buckets | of water, The period of immer- sion depends on the degree of dry- ness of the leaf When the dipper thinks the to- bacco has enough moisture, he| takes the leaves out, shaking off} the excess moisture. The water in| which the tobacco leaf is dipped contains en infusion made from the stems of the leaves, which gives it added bouquet and strength, Once moistened, the leaves are placed in iarge baskets and cover- ed with a wet cloth, going next day to the “despalilladoras,” or girls who remove the center vein of the leaf. This process is not carried out in the same way with the tobacco leaf used for the coy- er of the cigar and the one that goes inside For the “capa” the whole stem as well as the central vein are removed, thus dividing the leaf into two equal parts; for the inside of the cigar, only three fourths are removed, leaving the leaf united at the tip. The leaves, once the stems are removed, are placed in small uniform piles and put inside barrels to undergo a process of fermentation. This, of course, is done only with the to- baceo used inside of the cigar; for the cover, the leaves immediately go the the classification depart- cording to size. color, ete. These are distributed later to the cigar maker according to the types of cigars to be manufactured. Going back to the tobacco used for the inside of the cigars, once the stems are removed, it goes to the drying chamber, where it is kept on 'ong jrames during the process of drying, which lasts 24 hours, and then it is packed in barrels. The tobacco known as “li- gero” (light) stays in the barrels for a period of four, seven and even twelve months, and the “pe- sado” (heavy) or quality . tobacco, stays in the barrels several years, sometimes four five and, in parti- cular cases, ten years, During the process of fermentation, the leaf tobacco loses a targe percentage of its nicotine contents and improves its bouquet; it is well to make clear that there is no relation whatsoever between the nicotine contents of the tobacco and its particular bouquet, for it is a well- known fact that Cuban tobacco, having the smallest nicotine con- tent,-is nevertheless superior in the guality of its bouquet to any other tobacco in the world. The task of the rezagadores (classifiers), to classify the leaf to- bacco according to its color and size, is a very delicate one, for in handling the tobacco they must be careful not to mar or soil its surface, Only the most perfect leaf tobacco is sent to the cigar makers, the rest, no matter how small its imperfections may be, is not used and is sent to the department of Pecans constitutes no small Joss'to the manufacturers, especial- ly to the large firms, ontinues tomorrow) Version Page 3 ment, where they are divided ac-| Inter American Council ‘Concerned About Planned Duty Raises Randall, who spoke in perfect | Spanish, said that the resolution | would be of no service for the | council, whose “dignity and pres-| tige” as well as integrity, would be affected Recalling to the council that their reputation is based their detailed studies of the upon problems presented to them. The U. S. delegate objected | mainly to the first and third parts | which are stressed by the reso- | lution, in which it states that the | raise of customs tariffs of customs tariffs on lead and zinc, by the by the U, S. would result in serious damages for the economy of the Latin American countries which traditionally produce and export these metals, He stressed that the Federal Customs Tariffs Committee has not. yet recom- mended any increase in these du- ties to President Eisenhower. For this reason, he added,“‘there is no basis: upon which to determine, at this time, in what way it is going to harm a country.” He said ‘that this only be known when “the Federal Committee makes‘a deeper study of the si-| tuation; “Besides, said Randall; the re- solution would intervene in the right of a memeber country to establish their own customs regula- tions, and that the resolution gave to understand that the U. S. was acting contrary to the Inter- American system. ‘This is rot true,” affirmed Randall Dr. Washington Bermudez, who spoke for the resolution . before Basic Products) Committee, last week, said that the Council,s agree ment was “a great service to the Inter American Social Economic Council”, and that “now. we have reached maturity.” Bermiidez also declared that the Council is “finally considering problems which affect the mem- ber countries”, and expressed his “absolute faith” in that the pro- blem will be resolved by Pre- sident Eisenhower, without the economies of México, Peri and Bolivia having to suffer. He added that he based his optimism on the statement made by the President in Paris this week, in the sense that the less developed countries should receive more aid that those which are highly in- | trialized, MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SATURDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1957 AGUIRRE BROTHERS IN HONDURAS FOR THE INAUGURATION TEGUCIGALPA, Dec, 20. — Doctors Francisco and Horacio Aguirre, Publisher and Editor of The Americas Daily, respec: tively, arrived in this capital city from the United States, The two journalists came as official guest of the National Government, personally invited by Dr. Ramén Villeda Morales, for his inauguration as President of the Republic. The Americas Daily, a bilin- gual newspaper published in Miami, Florida, is widely read and: enjoys great popularity in the Latin American countries. » PEREZ JIMENEZ PROCLAIMED TO RULE VENEZUELA CARACAS, (UP)— The Pres- ident, Mareos Pérez Jiménez, was proclaimed to rule the destinies of Venezuela for another presiden- tial period of four years, from 1958 to 1963. In a special ceremony, attend- ed by many people, and the four members of the Supreme Electoral Council, presided by Héctor Pa- tra Marqueza, the Chief Executive and the deputies to the National Congress made the proclamation after the votes were counted, The total- figures of -the plebis- cite were as follows: Affirmative: 2.374.263. Negxtive: 364.211, Blank ballots: 185.995. No Opinion Given on Rebel Activity SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO.— (UP)— Rubén Rodriguez, the Dis- trict Attorney of Puerto Rico, told the U.P. that he has never ex- pressed his opinion about the ac- tivities of persons who collected funds here to send to the leader of the Cuban rebel forces, Fidel Cas- tro. Castros supporters published a letter in the newspaper, “El Mun- do”, stating that the District At torney had stated that their acti- vities were legal. Last week, this same newspaper published a report in which it was made to be understood that the District Attorney had classified the activities of the “Fidelists” as a violation of Federal laws. Vast Zone to Ec WASHINGTON, Dec, 20 (UP)— The Department of Commerce said that the rehabilitation of: the Mexican Pacific Railroad _ will speed up the economic de- | velopment’ of the northeast part | of Mexieo, F This three year construction | Program’ recently completed 2,800) kilometers of track between Nogaies and Guadalajara. The railroad had been almost aban- doned: when it was aquired by the Méxican government six years |ago: - The old material was re- |placed by 638 Diesel-electric lo- |comotives and 1,394 freight cars. | The cost of the rehabilitation | reached $82,051,360, subscribed, in, part, with a $5.000,000 credit by |Export-Import Bank and another of $61.000.000 by the Interna- tional Bank, which was authorized | in 1954, | | A report from the U. S. Con- sulate in Guadalajara, published | in the “Foreign Commerce Weekly”, of the Commerce De- partment, says that the Pacific \railroad will offer a rapid and efficient means of transportation \| HEMISPHERIC EVENTS PUBLIC WORKS BUDGET IN MEXICO INCREASES MEXICO CITY (UP)— México next year or more than daily, on public woks, acting Com- munications Minister Walter Buchanan said. railway linking Sonora State with Baja California and a super toll road between México City and Central Highway to the city of Nuevo Laredo. Other important projects in- ude completion of the highway Tuxpan to Tampico along the! — C. | dent Querétaro connecting with the new custom border | ment of Mexican Pacific Railroad Opening onomic Progress for Méxican tomatos and cotton to the U. S, and Canadian markets. With its merger with national rail- roads in Guadalajara, it will trans- port to important Méxican markets these and other im- portant products such as wheat, rice,- and sugar.: The line will also transport a growing number of Y..S. tourists to -recreation points on the Western coast of México, The Pacific Railroad serves a wone aproximately 400,000 kilo- meters long; which is about 20 Per cent of the territory of Me- xico, about which the Consulate,s report says: “The region is scarcely po- pulated, especially in relation. to the central section of México, Its development would undoubtably bring about an increase of in- ternal: migration to this border zone. The northwest of México has vast areas of fertile land, an abundand water supply. and a cli- mate which, although generally very hot, is adequate for a variety of cultivation, Besides it has a considerable hydro-electric poten- tiality.” Gulf of México and. work on the highway which will eventually link México with the now virtually iso- will spend moe than $56,500,000| lated Yucatan capital of Mérida, $160,000 | Although the budget for the new year will not be known until Presi- Adolfo Ruiz Cortines pre- sents it to congress later this He said principal projects for nth, Tr t the year include completion of a Caeine Parad nape lores has estimated it will be a balanced budget of some- thing more than $672,000,000. The Communications Ministry gets the biggest allot- eral expenditures. CREW AND PASSENGERS VERACRUZ México (UP)— Peruvian Ports Alerted Against U. S.. Fishermen LIMA (UP)— Well informed sources have reported that all port captans along the: Peruvian ‘coast- line have on the alert for the pos- sible. passage of a U. S. fishing fleet, through Peruvian waters, which has been operating in Chil- ean waters, Peruvian ships, according to these same sources, have been pa- trolling the fishing zones of Man- cora, to the north, and Mollendo, to the south of the country, in or- der to avoid that these zone. be “invaded” by “Pirate fleets.” A spokesman for the Peruvian Navy stated that the patrol will be maintained on a permanent basis, throughouf all of the waters un- der Peruyian jurisdiction, and that contact has been established with Ecuadorian Naval authorities,. “in order that we will not be taken by surprise or permit foreign ‘inter- ference within the maritime juris- diction of our waters.” It is to be recalled that Chile, as well as Pert and Ecuador, con- sider- 200 miles off the coast as within their maritime jurisdiction. Statistics Course to be Given for Latin Americans WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) — Two courses in statistics will be given for Latin Americans in 19- 58 under the auspices of the gov- ernments of the Dominican Re- public and Costa Rica in coopera- tistical Institute. which. is parti- tion with the Inter American Sta- eipating as part of the technical cooperation program of the Organ- ization of American States. Instruction in basic _ statistics the Caribbean countries — Cuba, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, México, Colombia, Venezuela and Puerto Rico — at Santo Domingo University, Ciudad Trujillo, Dom- inican Republic. A similar course in statistics em- phasizing economics and finance will be given at the School of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Costa Rica at San José. Students will be select- ed from Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala, El} Salvador, Panama and the host country. Enrollees in both courses, which will be held over a period of 11 months, will be selected from per- sons now employed in the national statistical agencies of the countries in the two regions, as well as from | qualified statisticians from: private banking and financial institutions, New U. 5. Ambassadors for for Venezuela and Guatemala WASHINGTON. (UP) — The White House announced that Pres- ident Eisenhower will send to the Senate next month nominations of new U. S.. Ambassadors to Guate- mala and Venezuela. The announcement said Edward J. Sparks, present Ambassador to Guatemala, will be nominated to the post of Ambassador to Vene- zuela, and Lester D. Mallory, current Ambassador to Jordan will. be nominated Ambassador Guatemala, « z The present Ambassador to Ve- nezuela is Dempster McIntosh. McInstosh recently was: named as manager of the development loan fund of the international coopera- tion Administration. (ICA), Latin American News in Brief Fears were expressed for the safe- ty of 12 crewmen and an undeter- mined number of passengers of the 160-ton gulf steamer José Ra- fael which sank about 20 miles off the coastal town of Coatzacoal- cos. Two vessels which’ took off to try to rescue the men aboard life- boats in the angry s reported they have not sighted any surviv- ors. The vessel had sailed from Vera- cruz to Yucatan when it sank two hours after departure. NEW GERMAN * SCHOOL TO OPEN GUATEMALA — The of} + Member Inter American Press Association 2@ For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 143 Diplomats in Tegucigalpa For Todays Inauguration of Doctor Villeda Morales JNEW EXECUTIVE TO BEGIN PERIOD OF CONSTITUTIONAL, DEMOCRATIC GVT. DR. VILLEDA MORALES TEGUCIGALPA, Honduras. Di- plomats from the American Rep- ublies, including the United States converged today on this capital city, as special representatives of their governments to the inaugura- tion, tomorrow, of Dr. Ramén Vi- lleda Morales, head of the Liberal Party, as President of this Central American Republic. There are also many special guests, including U. S. Senator Charles A Porter and his wife. Upon accepting the invitation, in Washington, Porter had declared: “Every United States citizen should take pride in the orderly reestablishment of democratie pro- cesses in the Republic of Honduras. Those of us who know Dr. Villeda Morales personally or by reputa- tion, are confident his administra- tion will be of great benefit to his country and to the ideals of | the Organizatin of American Sta- will be offered for statisticians of | tes” Dr. Villeda Morales, who as Hon- duran Ambassador in Washington made many friends, begins a pe- riod of democratic Government af- ter turbulent times had caused Honduras to be under military ru- le. The Military Junta Government ruling now, gave an example of democracy in the way the elec- tions for Constitutional Assembly were held in the country, the re- sults of which showed the pre- ference of a great majority of the people for the candidates of the Liberal Party, The Assembly later elected Villeda Morales as Presi- dent of the Republic. An atmosphere of gaiety pre- vailed in this city today, as the people anxiously wait for the mo- ment in which constitutional de- mocratic government will return to their country tomorrow. Regarding his election by the Assembly instead as by popular vote, shortly after his election, Vi- lleda Morales explained his reasons for accepting the election by the Constituent Assembly and not -di- rectly be popular vote, in these terms: “In the first place, because I believe that the Constituent As- sembly represents the sovereign- ty of the country, and second, it would be very dangerous to force the people to have another elec- tion, because the defeated: parties. would not go to the polls in good faith”. Afterwards, the President-elect reiterated the statements which he made many days ago to the Con- stituent Assembly about the same question saying: “I should mention the fact that in the recent electoral. debate. I was the only one who said that the President should be elected by the people of Honduras. And if I now defend the right of the As- sembly it is because I am con- vinced that minority groups would’ go to the polls not to deposit ballots, but bullets”, Argentina Seeks Financial Help From Europeans BRUSSELS (UP)— Buenos Ai. . res University professor Emilio M. Jauregui, Economie Counsellor 8 the Argentine Embassy, calle here tonight for European parti- cipation in realizing the Argentine project for full utilization of the Rio Bermejo. In a lecture on the project, Jéu- regui pointed to the efforts of his government to utilize all national resources by starting works*to make Argentina autonomous in the field of energy and give the coun- try a foreign currency surplus in her balance of payments. He said the Bermejo and Santia- go del Estero Canals are part of the overall plan to utilize Argen- tina’s natural resources. He added European countries whose econom- ies are complementary to that of Argentina and who are looking for new markets for their products could not repeat nor remain indit- ferent towards it. se He appealed to Belgian econom ie circles to take advantage of the possibilities offered by the recent- ly concluded Paris agreements to try to set up a European. consor- tium which would propose to Ar: gentina a full offer for construc tion and financing of the project. Alvarez Restrepo May be Candidate for President, Colombians Report BOGOTA, Dec. 20. (UP)— Je- sts Maria Marulanda was named as Minister of Finance, and took over the post last night, shortly after his unexpected designation to take over the post of Antonio Alvarez Restrepo, who irrevocab- ly resigned. Shortly after leaving the Minis. try office, Alvarez told newspaper- men that he had no news about the possible submission of his name as a Presidential candidate. Alvarez stated that “no one has of Education has authorized the “Humboldt” society to open a Ger- man School in Guatemala City next January. The school is auth- orized to use European educational systems in those subjects it deems appropriate. The school may be- gin registering students from the first of January for the new term which begins in February. ‘The previous GERMAN SCHOOL, OF GUATEMALA was closed down in mid-1941 when repatriation of German nationals in Guatemala during World War II forced the Ministey | departure of its directors. even hinted” of my possible nom- ination as a Presidential candidate while in political circles the ru- mors regarding this increased. The former Minister is a Conservative and it was affirmed that he would be nominated by sectors of this party with the intent of uniting it. and presenting his name to the consideration - of -the Liberals, through the policy of national un- ion which wil nominate a can didate for president, to be elect- ed next year. Alvarez insisted in resigning from the post of Finance Minister last Monday. The recommendation of the Electoral Court to delay the date of the presidential elections until the end of June was inter- preted by political circles as a step to facilitate the nomination of Alvarez asa candidate. Accord: ing to Colombian law, a presiden- tial candidate cannot hold publie office for six months before the elections. This decision of the Electoral Court was rejected by José Anto- nio Montalvo, President of one of the two national directories of the Conservative party, and a sup- porter of the candidacy of Gui- Nermo Leén Valencia. Alberto Lle- ras Camargo, Liberal Director, and a member of the Electoral Court, said that the nomination request- ed by the Court is due to the lack of time to prepare the necessary organization for the elections, Marulanda, the new Finance Mi- nister, is a Conservative and pre- ivously “held this same post. The liberal newspapers criticized his nomination, condemning it because he had held high positions during the government of ex Dictator, Gustavo Rojas 4