Diario las Américas Newspaper, May 28, 1957, Page 10

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people “Gth YEAR G. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRI RE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Cc. W. SMITH Vice President Fred M. Shaver Business Manager 8S. SMIPEL Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gémez Advt. & Cire. Mgr. Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miamt Sprmgs. Fla.. on Febeuary 8. 1956. EDITORIAL sera ecerecn nun ne RR ET INTERNATIONAL PROPAGANDA AGAINST THE UNITED STATES Perhaps the people of the United States are not completely aware of the manner in which communist pro- paganda in the whole world misrepresents them, causing, without doubt, great damage to the international prestige of this country, and in particular in its political position eonfronting Russia. It is not far-fetched to say that there is no knowledge here of the extent of that propaganda against the United States, because there are no signs of an effort which should be taking place to counteract it, not only in defense of the U. S. but also of the democratic cause, which has in this great North American country its most solid stronghold. The reductions to the general budget of the country made by Congress are plain evidence that it has not given the importance it merits to the matter of international propaganda. Currently, one of the most powerful weapons of mo- dern war is the psychological one, which needs the effects of publicity to achieve its objetives, which can be devas- tating. It is regrettable in extreme that the United States, although the richest nation in the world, has to be relatively weak in the field of international propaganda. And this gives a chance to the technicians of Soviet psychological war to win batles of dangerous proportions in the minds of the different peoples of the world, or at least a great part of them. It should not be believed that because the democratic life in the United ‘States is satisfactory, and because here freedom and justice are preached and practiced, that there is no need to tell the truth to the world, when we are living in an era in which no country on Earth can permit itself the luxury of turning its back to international public opinion, because it exercises a very powerful influence in the internal destinies of each nation and in the fate of world peace. Without systematically denying the defects of the people of the United States and its institutions, a great defense of its immense virtues can be made, virtues which surpass, with an ample margin, all of its vices. But this defense should be made with a practical sense, with know- ledge of modern psychology and the idiosyncrasy of the other peoples of the world. It is urgent to do it for the benefit of the United States and the prestige of democracy, a system which has made this country great, and which has peop! — Political, economic, and social wellbeing to the SPANISH INFLUENCE IN THE UNITED STATES “The Spaniards Were Here Before Us,” is the title of an interesting article by the distin- guished American novelist John Dos Pasos, in the June Edition of the Readers Digest, now in the news-stands. The author, of Port- uguese ancestry, has lived in Mé- xico and Spain and has traveled extensively in the Latin Ameri- ean countries, “Our Spanish-American, herit- age, vivid and colorful, in- fluences our lives in countless ways,” he declares. Dos Pasos mentions first a great number of Spanish words that have been absorbed into the English language of the United States, adding: “When you ask yourself where these words come from, you suddenly remember Carmen Sdnchez Case Chicken Pox. .poned NEW YORK, (UP)— Carmen Sanchez, 17, sat in the crowded waiting room of Brunx Magistr- ate’s Court Tuesday waiting for her ease to be called. A court clerk noticed her complexion and call- ed Magistrate Samuel J. Ohringer. Ohringer immediately postponed her case and sent her to the hospit- al — the girl had chicken pox. that we English-speaking Ameri- cans occupy only a part of the continent,and that even in this part the Spaniards were here be- fore us.” Regarding the cultural in- fluence of the Spaniards in the New World, Dos Pasos remarks:. “Early Massachusetts worthies like. Cotton Mather and Samuel Sewall were thoroughly aware of the splendor and culture of the Spanish speaking empire beyond the wilderness to the west and south of them. México City had 50 bookstores before Boston had one, Universities in México City and Lima were crowded with students a century before John Harvard thought to include the name of the Bay Colony’s small theological school in his will”. Although California and New México are the most prominent scenes of Dos Pasos’ essay, with only a slight mention of Florida and Texas, fluence has been as great as in any other part of the United States, it is nevertheless a very interesting article which should be read by all those who are studentes of Spanish traditions and influence in the United States. where Spnanish in For @ better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., TUESDAY, MAY 28, 1957 Know’ thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ COSTA RICA — The most im- portant element in the Costa Ric- an highway system is the Inter American Highway, which crosses the country in a southeasterly di- rection, from Pefa Blanca on the Nicaraguan border, through and beyond San José and, when com- pleted, will reach the Panamanian border at La Cuesta. Aside from this highway, roads are concentrat- ed on the central plateau, in a small area in the vicinity of the capital, San José, The Inter American High- way will be 409 miles long when completed. Including the short 10-mile branch road to the port of Puntarenas, the highway passes through all the Provincial capitals, except Puerto Limon, The highway follows the ridge of the Talamanca Cordillera for a distance of several miles at an elevation of more than 10,000 feet to reach the town of San Isidro del General, midway be- tween San José and the Panaman- ian border; a ‘distance of about 130 miles remains to be completed before the road reaches the bor- der. Only about 60 miles, all in the vicinity of San José, are paved, but the 275 miles completed are all-weather road. The recent ex- tension of the highway is of parti- cular significance for te agricultu- ral development of the low-lying western Province of Guanacaste. The spur to the Port of Puntare- nas becomes more important also because of the lack of railroads to the west. Aside from the Inter American Highway, which is the bacbone of road transport in the country, the great majority of roads are feeder roads leading into the highway in the central plateau in a small rec- tangular zone in the vicinity of the cities of Sam José, Cartago, Alajuela, and Heredia. These small roads average only about 10 miles in length, with a maximum of about 35 miles, and many of them are paved. Besides the central road system, the longest road extends for about 50 miles in the Nicoya Peninsula from Puerto Jesus to Ni- coya and Filadelfia, and connects with an all-weather road to Libera, on the Inter American Highway. In November, 1955, the Export- Import Bank granted Costa Rica a- credit for $9,540,00 to aid in fin- ancing Costa Rica’s one-third share of the road’s cost. At the same time, the United States Congress appropriated $16 million, con- stitutiong this country’s share of the cost. In addition to United States aid in the project, the U. S. International Cooperation Admin- istration provided technical assist- ance to the Costa Rican Govern- |ment on its road projects. Despite the concentration of highway facilities in a limited area, Costa Rica has a relatively large number of automotive vehicles. Truck traffic is limited for the most part to San José and nearby areas. Trucking enterprises _ are small-scale operations. Operating expenses are high because of high cost of parts and fuel, the cost of gasoline being about 42 cents per gallon. Vehicle registration fees are moderate. Bus service in San José and to nearby cities is well developed by many private operat- ors, and the fares, which are con- trollled by the Government, are generally low. Spanish Version Page 3 SPANISH FOR BEGINNERS Sefior B. Le digo yo algo? Sefior B. ;Le doy yo algo? Sefior B. ¢Le hago yo una pregunta? Sefor B. ;Le hablo yo? Sefior Moreno, me hace usted una pregunta? Sefior Moreno, ;me da usted su libro? iMe dice usted su nombre? Yo les hago preguntas. ;Qué hago yo, sefiores? zLes hago yo preguntas, sefores? gLes doy yo mi cartera, sefores? aiLes doy yo las reglas? iLes digo yo mi nombre? Peter, ask me a question Qué hace usted Peter? LESSON XXIX PRONUNCIATION Si, sefior, usted me dice algo Si, usted me da algo Si, Si, Si, sefior, usted Si, se lo digo usted me hace una pregunta me habla sefor, le hago una pregunta No, no se lo doy Usted nos hace preguntas Si, usted nos las hace No, usted no nos las da Si, Si, usted nos lo Pedro, hagame una pregunta. Yo le hago una Peter, give me Pedro, deme Gonilemen, give me Sefiores, denme Juan, give him, her Juan, dele Juan, give them Juan,‘ deles Gentlemen, give him, her Gentlemen, give them Peter, give us... Sefiores, denle Sefores, denles usted nos las da dice; no, usted no nos le dice Ahb-gah-meh pregunta Pedro, denos . « » to Respect PORT-AU-PRINCE, May 27— (UP)— Normaley returned to Hai- ti today with a promise from the new Provisional President, Daniel Fignole, to respect everybody’s rights. The general strike, initiated six days ago, formally ended this morning, after a bloody and dis- orderly week-end which left a bal- jance of deaths calculated to. be |about 80, ‘On the basis of Fignole’s promise that his government will lend the fullest cooperation, private enter- | prises resumed their activities and |the capital was today, literally, a beehive. Air Lines said that commercial flights, discontinued temporarily last Saturday, would be resumed as soon as possible not later than early this afternoon. Groceries and other food items reappeared in the markets as if done by magic, bringing to an end a situation of almost rationing. Gas stations also started to sell again to the public. The designation of Fignole, Head of the Social Democratic Party which gets its maim support from workers and farmers, was a kind of shock for the conservative ele- ments; but his first declarations were soothing and contributed to ease up the anxiety. In a brief conference with for- eign correspondents, held shortly efter he assumed power, Fignole said that this was the result of a Calm Returning to Haiti as new President Offers Constitution “popular movement” and that “the army heard what the people was asking for.” Promising that he would respect all the constitutional guarantees, Fignole affirmed this would signi- fy that, “for the first time in Hait- ian History, the guarantees estipu: lated in the 1946 Constitution will be enforced.” A crowd of 10,000 persons snake danced through the streets in joy when Fignole was sworn in. Most ef them were from the low-paid laborer and farm worker class where he draws his strength. Fig- nole himself is leader of the Social Democratic Party and has been de- scribed as a radical, Fignole, 42, set up an adminis- tration of three of the four major political parties in what appeared to be a political deal to squeeze out Louis Dejoie. Dejoie, Fignole, Cle- ment Jumelle and Dr. Francois Du- valier have been fighting a four- sided race for the presidency. Observers here said Jumelle and Duvalier apparently made a deal with Fignole at the expense of Dejoie. However Dejoie broadcast a message to his followers urging them not to make trouble but to accept the situation. Scattered rifleshots still could be heard through the city, but the situation generally was quiet. At the height of the fighting gun bat- tles raged through the city and surg ed close to the U. S. Embassy which was hit by several bullets. Out of Colombia BOGOTA, May 27 (UP)— The daughter of ex dictator Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, Maria Eugenia de Moreno Diaz, left today for Miami in a special Avianca plane chart- ered by the Military Government Junta. The Junta requested Mrs. More- no Diaz to abandon the country a few hours after she returned by surprise Saturday night to attend to private affairs. The authorities, who had been notified in advance of her arrival, took great precautions to protect her, Waiting at the aiprort were se- veral patrol cars, policemen and soldiers, as well as many members of the secret police. Army officers accompanied her to her residence. The return of Mrs. Moreno coin- cides with serious accusations being made in the newspapers against the ex president and his family, charging them with abusing power and realizing shady transactions. Rojas Pinilla’s daughter directed a powerful organization of social action, “Sendas,” in the style of ARGENTINE WARDEN IN PREVENTIVE CONFINEMENT BUENOS AIRES .P)— Judge Héctor Rojas Pellerano ordered the “preventive confinement” of the warden of Rio Gallegos prison and five others implicated in the re- cent escape of five prominent Pe- ronist prisioners. In addition to warden Carlos A. Ansaldo, the men im preventive cus- tody include Dr.Humberto Curti, the prison physician; Leonidas M. Moldes, owner of the car in which the fugitives fled to Chile, and three guards. | The escaped prisoners include | Jorge Antonio, who made millions of dollars as “front man” in ex President Juan D, Perdén’s under- the-counter business dealings. Argentina has asked Chile to ex- tradite the fugitives. EDITOR CHALLENGED MONTEVIDEO, Uruguay (UP) Finance Minister Amilear Vascon- cellos has challenged an opposition Rojas Pinilla’s Daughter Ordered by Govt. Junta the one Eva Perén had in Argen- tina. In a brief communiqué, the Jun- ta said: “As soon as the Military Govern- ment Junta learned of the arrival in the country of Mrs. Maria Eu- genia de Moreno Diaz, she was re- quested to abandon the national territory, which is now taking place.” BOMB EXPLOSIONS IN BOGOTA Meanwhile, two bombs exploded yesterday in two different places in Bogota, one in the building of The bomb, which was placed at. the newsdealers window, did not cause important damages to the building, but shattered window glasses even in adjoining buildings, Later, another bomb exploded about eleven blocks from ‘“‘Inde- pendiente” also shattering win- dows in the vicinity. These attempts, as well as others | in the preceeding days, are attri- buted to terrorist supporters of Ro- jas Pinilla. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS | Latin American News in Brief him in a duel, it was reported. Diego Burgos, editor of the op- position organ El Debate, has not yet announced his choice of wea- pons. The challenge resulted from a debate editorial which assailed Vas- concellos because he did not resign after parliament rejected his re- port on a recent customs investiga- tion. RELGIOUS SERVICES IN EL SALVADOR SAN SALVADOR, El Salvador (UP)— The Interior Ministry an- nounced that infuture religious ob- servances will be permitted only if they are held in public with the permission of local authorities. The Ministry said the step was taken “to prevent clashes be tween Protestants and Cahtolics.” Local authorities throughout the country have been ordered to pro- vide police protection for authoriz- ed religious observances and to pre- vent counter-demonstrations while editor who “insulted” him to meet SDAI et ee Batista Throws Heavy Forces Against Rebels HAVANA .P)— President Ful- Sencio Batista threw heavy army forces into the Cristal Mountains today in an. effort to cut off an “invading” revolutionary group that landed from Miami last Fri- day. cocktails Sunday at the home of the mayor of Baires in revoltridden Oriente Province, where the Fri- day landing took place and where landing last fall. Bombs exploded in Jiguani, Gua- najay, Pinar del Rio, Santa Clara and Bayamo. No casualties were reported. ° Government sources kept com- plet silence on military operations after announcing captre of five of the invading force and seizure of the American yacht Corinthia, which brought the rebels from Mia- mi. Col. Fermin Cowley, military commander in Oriente, denied ru- mors of new landings. He allowed newsmen to interview two prison- ners, Lazaro Guerra Calderon and Mario Rodriguez Arenas. Both in- sisted the expedtion was organized by former President Carlos Prio Socarras, now in exile in Miami, Unofficial sources maintained the landing party contained more than the 27 men officially announc- ed im an army communique. Defense Conference in Argentina Ready to Submit Reports BUENOS AIRES (UP)— South Atlantic defense conference’s four internal committees are work- ing at putting the finishing touches on their reports which will be con- sidered in plenary sessions this week. The military delegates of Argen- tina, Brazil, Uruguay, and Para- guay expect the conference to end on schedule Thursday or Friday and responsible sources said the conference discussions have prov- ed “highly satisfactory,” as will be reflected in the conclusions. The four commissions on mari- time shipping, communications, intelligence, and standardization worked intensively throughout last week elaborating, in their respec- tive spheres, the framework of the military agreement ‘between the four powers that will provide a jcombined defense plan for the | South Atlantic area. The success of this conference, |which is carrying out a recom- mendation of the Inter American Defense Board, provides a basis for recognition of the responsibility by the four powers for the defense of the South Atlantic area within the Western Hemisphere mutual security plan, The recommenda- tions of the conference will go tc the Inter American Defense Board, as well as the four governments, said, NEW SHIP SERVICE TO ACAPULCO ACAPULCO, México (UP)—Loc- al businessmen said the arrival June 3 of the S. S. President Polk may herald the beginning of regu- lar steamship service between the West Cost of the United States and this Pacific Coast port. The American ship is due to dock here with a group of steamship officials who will study the pos- sibility of inaugurating regular ser- vice with Acapulco. WATER IN THE DESERT GUATEMALA — Well-digging work begun last February in the desert-like Fragua Valley, in northeastern Guatemala, is paying off. Water is pouring from the first well at the rate of two to four thousand gallons per minute. Spon- sored by ICA and the Ministry of Agriculture, this well furnishes water to an experimental station which will serve as a pilot project they are in progress, the Ministry to teach the inhabitants of the Unknown men threw two Molotov! | a rebel leader Fidel Castro made a} The | | President LY Arrest of Several Member Inter American Press Associction For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 266 Arson Suspected in Multi-Million Dollar Fire in Cuban Sugar Mill Persons Ordered Fire started at several points, leading Authorities to believe it was sabotage HAVANA, May 27 (UP)— A violent fire, presumably started by saboteurs, yesterday destroyed a great part of the “Tinguaro” sugar mill, located in Perico, Province of Matanzas and losses are calculated in several millions dollars. Besides razing important instal- lations of the mill, which is in- cluded among the “colossus” of the industry, flames destroyed 200,000 bags of sugar, valued at $3,000,000. Central “Tinguaro” is owned by sugar tycoon Julio Lobo, wel | known in international sugar cir- cles. Authorities of Matanzas Province believe the fire is the work of saboteurs and ordered the arrest of numerous local persons. An of- ficial source said the fire broke out in several places at the same time and, for this reaspn, it is cconsidered intentional. Firemen from several Matanzas towns, be- sides others called from Las Vi- Ilas Province, could not avoid that a great part of the immense sugar mill was reduced to ashes. At the same time the navy sent notice to its units stating that “confidential reports said that arms and subversiev groups are brought to Cuba from different places.” Yesterday unknown persons hurl- ed tow “molotov cocktails” against Baire, Oriente, Mayor’s house, while other bomb exploded in Jiguant, Pinar del Rio, Santa Clara and Ba- yamo, but there were no casualt- jes. Meanwhile military authorities keep mum in regard to operations in the Mayari zone, in the northern coast of Oriente’s province, where the expeditionaries of the yacht “Corinthia” landed. It was said, not officially, that Mayari authorities ordered the requisition pr private jeeps and trucks for use in the transport of troops to Sierra Cris- tal, where it is said the expedition- aries are hiding. The Army has sent troops from Songo and La Maya with the pur- pose of blockading the possible passing of the revolutionaries to Sierra Maestra, where they could join Castro’s revolutionary forces who are interned there since last December. Soldiers of the Holguin Military District merged with troops of the Rural Guard Squadron 48, who is pursuing the expeditionaries. NEW YORK, May 27 (UP)—The Federal Reserve Bank of New York reported this week-end that the amount of Latin American im- porters debts with United States exporters, at the end of last April, reached its highest level since Sept- ember 1953. Actually,in its month- ly report about drafts due in the hands of 14 important commer- cial banks, the Federal Reserve says that, at the end of April, these debts had reached $180,300.- 000,000 showing an increase dur- ing the month, amounting to $6,- 100,000. The largest committments were those of Venezuela which, in April increased $1,500,000 to reach a tot- al of $33,200,000. Those of México increased $1,400,000 to $14,900,- 000. Colombia also showed an in- crease of $1,000,000 in April and at the end of that month totalled Latin American Private Debts With U.S. Exporters Reach new High Level $49,600,000. Increases shown by Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica and Panama were of a lesser de- gree. But, the total of the momey or- ders in dollars, sent by the Latin American importers to their credit- ors in the United States, also in- creased in April and, at the end of that month, totalled $44,500,000 . which shows an increase of $600,- 000 compared with the previous month, This increase was due to larger payments by México, Pana- ma and Venezuela, The total still pending of the exchange drafts accepted by the above mentioned banks to the or- der of the United States exporters, decreased $11,800,000 to a total of $193,500,000. The reduction was on credits of Brazil, Panama Ar- gentina and Uruguay. WASHINGTON, May 27 (UP)— Eisenhower declared | that he expects prompt adoption of “‘many” of the 27 recommenda- tions he had made to the Special Committee of Presidential Repre- sentatives, to increase the efficacy of the Organization of American States. The White House published a declaration on the subject at the same time that the Committee Re- port was made known. Fragua Valley how to eonvert their small farms into truck gardens. GUATEMALA REPRESENTED AT COFFEE MEET GUATEMALA — Rodolfo Stahl and Antonio Aycinena, prominent Guatemalan bankers and coffee growers, departed last week to re- present Guatemala at the Pan American Coffee Bureau meetings to be held in New York starting next June 3rd, Both Mr. Stahl and Mr. Aycinena are presently at- tending meetings of the Inter Ame- rican Coffee Federation (FEDE- CAME) in Panamé, and will pro- ceed to New York from there. SULPHUR EXPORTS COATZALCOALCOS, México — (UP) A total of 110,000 tons of sulphur was exported to the Unit- ed States in March from this gulf port, trade sources reported. ‘Ihis is the highest total for a imnnth since June 1954, when sul- phur shipments to the United States amounted to 11,000 tons. PRES. EISENHOWER EXPECTS PROMPT ACTION ON RECOMMENDATIONS OF PRESIDENTIAL GROUP “I have read with great interest the 27 recommendations of the re- port, which I discussed personal- ly with my brother, who acted as President of the Commission”, says the declaration. “I wisn to express my grateful- ness — it adds — to each one of the Chief Executives Repre- sentatives who integrates it. I am of opinion that they made great progress in the attainment of the ojectives whieh, originally, wece entrusted .o the Committee, with the purpose of making the Organi- zation of Ainerican States a more efficient instrument in the fields in which the cooperation of ever one affects the wellbeing of the in- dividual. I expect that many. of these recommendations will be put in practice as soon as possible.” Mora Sends Message to Inter American Real Estate Group CHICAGO .P)— The secretary general of the Organization of American States today lauded the joint meetings of the Pan Ameri- ean Appraisal Congress and the American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers as “essential” to the needs of inter American Relations. Dr. José A. Mora sent a message to the institute meeting saying that real estate problems parti cularly in urban development, are becoming just as complex in Latin American countries as in the Unit- ed States. “One fact stands out today,” Mo ra said, “and that is that all coun- tries are undergoing rapid change.” He said nations today are in a state “of ferment, and there is an Shipments are made in ships of various nationalities, intensive drive for more econom- ic and social development.”