Diario las Américas Newspaper, March 29, 1957, Page 10

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people OS 4th YEAR G. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Cc. W. Vice President Fred M. Shaver Business Manager ITH 8, SMITH Lt Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President. Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gémez Advt. & Cire, Mgr. Neen nn enn en ne EEE EE EEEAEE EERE Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs. Fla., on February 8, 1956. EDITORIAL SOLIDARITY AMONG DEMOCRATIC NATIONS Deacon cee eee eee Ee Constantly, agents of the Kremlin denounce before international public opinion the plans of coordination and solidarity among the democratic countries. It is absurd to criticise that attitude of the democratic countries, from which nobody can demand indifference toward the maneuvers of the Soviets, as well as their military and political aggres- “gions, so that Russia may achieve later, at the opportune moment, subjugation of the great powers constituting the stronghold for the defense of world democracy. Even a greater coordination is required among all the democratic States, not only to strengthen their democratic condition, but also to plan on firmer basis the common defense. It is necessary to streng- then even more the internal prestige of democracy, and it is also necessary to strengthen the alliances of the free countries against Russian imperialism. When one is facing an enemy as powerful as the communists are, which takes advantage of all the means at its disposal to achieve its purposes, no matter how unjust these means may be, and no matter how ignoble their aims may be, all kinds of measures of solidarity aimed at. the defense of freedom should be adopted by the countries which do not want to be exposed to disgraceful subjugation through Soviet brute force. The solidarity and alliance of the democratic countries should not be only on military grounds. It is necessary to plan them in all the fields of human activity, extending to the generous zones of teaching, in order to refute with arguments the communist doctrine, It is also convenient that leaders of public opinion engage in denouncing the methods of com- munist infiltration, those methods which are so difficult to notice and to understand at first sight, which makes them even more dangerous. There are naive persons who expect from communist propa- ganda an open definition of their purposes, as if the communists didn’t know that such action would be political suicide, because it would uncover the negative contents of their movement. They surprise the good faith of the peoples, of civic groups, of honest people, with the fallacy of their well studied plans of agitation and infiltration. Future Development of Hemisphere to be Shaped During the Month of April WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) — April, 1957, may well become one of the more important dates in the history of the Western Hemi- sphere. Reason is that in the same month the 21 American republics observe the 67th anniversary of the founding of the Pan American movement, April 8-14, their presi- dential representatives hold their final session in Washington to chart the future course of coopera- tive progress in the Western Hemi- | sphere. Decisions reached at the April meeting, which will be given to the Organization of American States (OAS) to execute, are almost cer- tain to affect the lives of 340,000, 000 Americans for decades to come. High on the agenda for action Priests Criticised for Giving Support to. Rojas Pinilla BOGOTA, march 28, (UP)—The Executive Committee of the con- servative group supporting ex-Pre- sident Laureano Gomez, sent a cir- cular to ail its field offices in the country, denouncing “active parti- cipation of hierarchs and priests of the Church in the personalist attempt of re-election” of the Pre- sident of the Republic, Lt. Gen. Gustavo Rojas Pinilla. The document states that opposi- tion to the present government, which it calls “resistance to the dictatorship,” rhakes it “impera- tive to struggle not only against those who established and support it, but also against those who toler- ate it or bend to it” However, it adds, “we, stubborn catholics by tradition and conviction, do no wish to be the cause of troubles nor to provoke a more chaotic sit- uation, making distinction be tren the attitude of many pre- lates and few priests, and that of almost all of the latter.” The circular mentions several ca- ses-of priests who have adhered to demonstrations in favor of Ro- ias Pinilla’s re-election. by the personal delegates of the American chief executives is the peaceful use of atomic energy to speed the development of the mem- ber countries of the OAS. The Committee of Presidential Representatives is also expected to give the OAS directives for: 1. Promoting the international trade of the American republics. 2. The eradication, within fixed periods, of the principal diseases that affect the population of the Hemisphere. 3. The reduction of illiteracy. 4. Stimulating agricultural and industrial development. 5. Intensifying the existing Tech- nical Cooperation Program. 6. Coping with the problem of the construction of low-cost hous- ing. 7. Completing the Inter Ameri- can Highway system. Present emphasis of the Ameri- can republics on economic and social progress its logical out- growth of the stability of the Hemisphere. Noting early in 1955 that war had been effectively outlawed in the Americas through the complet- ed peace machinery of the OAS, its newly-elected Secretary General, Dr. José A. Mora, of Uruguay, ask- ed if the time was not opportune to reorient the energies of the regional organization so that it could concentrate all its strength on raising the standard of living of every American. Concrete form was given to this conclusion last year when Presi- dent Eisenhower at the now histor- ie meeting of American presidents in Panama proposed that his col- leagues each “name a special re- presentative to join in preparing for us concrete recommendations for making our Organization of American States a more effective instrument in those fields of co- operative effort that affect the wel- fare of the individual.” The committee, convened at the suggestion of President Eisenhow- er, met in Washington last Sept- ember and January. The third and last session, scheduled to begin April 29, is slated to produce,de- cisions backed by 21 nations which will convert ideas into realities. Z For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., FRIDAY, MARCH. 29, INT ee a | RE eI Se NT OE WASHINGTON, March 28 (UP) —The first complete survey of the route the Pan American Highway may follow from Panama City to the Colombian border will be fin- ished in two weeks, the executive director of the Darien Gap Com- mittee of the Pan American High- way congress said wast night. Tomas Guardia, Jr. who is also head of the Mapping Office of the Panamanian Ministry of Public Works, said the contents of the survey wili be presented to the 7th Pan American Highway Congress when it meets in Pamama City this coming August. Guardia gave an illustrated lec- ture at the Pan American Union on the prugress made to date in trying to find a route for the high- way through the gap in the Darién KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ EL SALVADOR — The area of El Salvador is approximately 13,- 000 square miles, or about the size of the State of Maryland. It is a mountainous country, with a suc- cession of ridges and fertile val- leys which still bear in some pla- ces the scars of volcanic activity, and a narrow coastal plain warm- ed by the tropical sun. El Salva- dor is bounded on the north by |e the Republics of Guatemala and Honduras, on the east by Hondu- ras and the Gulf of Fonseca, on the west by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean. This Progressive Central American country is at four hours flight from Panama, five from México City, eight from New Orleans, and it is located in the direct route of the international air lanes from North to South America. The characteristic cones of vol- canos, some of them still active, and clear mountain lakes abound- ing in fish, are symbolic of the Salvadorean landscape. “Believe it or not” Ripley once said that wherever there is a visible hori- zon in El Salvador, there is at least one volcano in sight. The subsoil, especially along the northern re- gions near the Honduran border, is rich in mineral deposits, and in- tensive development activities are taking place there now. The small area comprising El Salvador supports a population of more than two million inhabitants, a dynamic and hardworking race born of the fusion of Spaniards and Indians. The pure Indian strain has disappeared almost completely in the country; but a few remnants of its aboriginal race may still be found scattered throughout the country. Their colorful villages and customs are a constant source of interest to tourists and students of folklore. Of special importance are the towns of Izalco and Na- huizaleo in the Department of Sonsonate, and Panchimalco, near San Salvador, capital of the Re-! public, The hot tropical climate of El Salvador has ben highly _ exag- gerated. It is warn, no doubt, but not everywhere nor at all hours; nor in all seasons. Neither it is an unbearable heat. Countries with four perfectly defined seasons suf- fer during the summer much high- er temperatures than the hottest felt in the tropics. There are many towns and districts in El Salvador which, because of their high al- titude, enjoy a cool and agree- able climate throughout the year, As a sample of the varied climate of El Salvador, it is well to men- tion that in one hour it is easy to go by car from the beach in Aca- jutla and its ical surroundings, to the cold mists that veil the pine- covered summit of Santa Ana Vol- cano, at an altitude of 7,000 feet above sea level. El Salvador, has only two sea- sons, each lasting six months: the dry season, or “Summer”, from November to April, and the rainy season, or “Winter,” from May to October. The maximum tempera- tures up to 96 degrees Fahrenheit, occur usually during June and Ju- ly; the minimum _ temperature, about 46 degrees, in December and January. The mean annual rain- fall is 72 inches in this fertile land, where rare indeed is the country- side where flowers are not in bloom during the twelve months of the year. (Continued tomorrow) Spanish Version Page 3 Complete Survey of the Panama Section of Panam Highway to be Ready soon Peninsula in the Colombia-Panama border area. The lecture was at- tended by members of both the House and Senate Public Works Committees, officials of the Bureau of Public Roads and of the Depart- ment of State, and by Latin Ame- rican ambassadors to the Organiza- tion of American States. Guardia made a special trip here at the invitation of the Pan Ame- tican Union and the Internation- al Road Federation, the sponsors of his lecture. He had attended the week-lung sessions of the exe- cutive committee of the Pan American Highway congress held here in October. Guardia said the survey will show that construction will not be as | difficult as it “was originally be- lieved. Because of the jungle-type coun- try of the Darién gap area, it has ‘been belicved for years that it would be impossible to push a highway through the area. Guardia also said it might be pos- sible to develop the economic and social potentials in this jungle area, The young engineer who has earned a reputation as being an explorer as well said last November it might cost as much as $70,000, 000 to complete the highway through the Darien gap. The Pan American Highway would then be continouous from Alaska to the tip of South America. Mexican Govt. Investigates Blast Causing Sixteen Deaths MEXICO CITY, March 28 (UP) —Local and Federal police tried to pin responsibility today for the storing of 20 tons of high explo- sives that blew up in a densely- populated area spreading death, destruction and injury for a quarter of a mile, Rescue workers ended their search for bodies early this morn- ing and said the final death toll probably would remain at 16. At least 235 persons were injured, many of them seriously. Earlier, Dr. the Mexican Red Cross said that because bodies were blown into small pieces the death count may rise as high as 50. There were two explosions. They demolished the warehouse in which the explosives were stored, left a block-wide crater and leveled every building and one-story adobe shack in the congested area for 200 yards. Most of the casualities occurred in the second explosion, It came as spectators rushed to the scene fol- lowing the first blast. Seven fire- men were among the dead. Pieces of bodies were strewn as || far as 250 yards on either side of the gutted slum section on the edge of México City’s International Airport. Residents of the area said it was the third explosion at the ware- house in the last 10 years. French Diplomat Saved From Lynching in Bogota After Drunk Driving Spree BOGOTA, march 28 (UP)— A Frech diplomat in a “sixth degree of alcoholic intoxication state” was arrested by the police after pro- voking a formidable public demon- stration in which he almost was lynched by an angry mob. Paul Abel Vialate, Commercial Attaché of the French Embassy, provoked the disturbance when he drove his car through the main streets of Bogota, at the time the public was coming out of the mov- ing pictures theaters, zig-zagging at great sveed. A policeman stopped him, but Violate, holding him, started the ear, dragging the policeman about 100 meters. amid the shouts and protests of the public coming out of the theaters, until the car was surrounded by the multitude. Vialate who, it is said, insulted the police and Colombia, was al- most lynched. Several police patrol cars arriv- ed at the scene to arrest the dip- lomat; but Vialate abandoned his ear and fled on foot boarding later a public bus. While a police tow-car took his car away, among the angry shouts of hundreds of persons, police found the bus in which Vialate was trying to flee. The bus was stopped and all its passengers, including Vialate, were taken to the police station, where he demanded his release, being a diplomat. The po- lice set hin free after doctors diag- nosed that he was “under alcoholic intoxication of sixth degree.” OSCAR, SACI, ARIEL AND CAUPOLICAN WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU)— It’s “Oscar Time” again. The covet- ed prizes have been awarded. Hol- lywood, however, is not the only Actores y Productores Cinemato- graficos to the most prominent stars and technicians in various figlds of the Mexican film indus- bestower of such covéted awards. | try. Brazil has its “Saci,”’ a bronze statuette of the one-legged, pipe smoking imp of Brazilian folk- lore. Saci is awarded to outstand- ing artist in Brazil’s theatrical world by the Sao Paulo daily news- paper O Estado de Sao Paulo, In México, there is “Ariel,” nam- ed for one of the brilliant satellites in the heavens. Statuettes of Ariel are awarded by the Academia de The Chilean press and the As- sociation of Movie, Theater, and Ra- dio Critics bestow on the _ best comedians, actors, musical artists, and announcers of the year, a trophy which corresponds to the “Oscars” and “Emmies.” It is the “Caupolican” award, named for the Roberto Gémez of |’ heroic Indian chief of early Chilean history. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Member Inter American vo eS Press Association e Fer Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric , Solidarity NUMBER 217 Fabrega Reaffirms Right of Sovereign Countries on International Canals Should be Considered Part of Natural Resources ex Foreign Minister Says DR. FABREGA _- AVIANCA APPLIES FOR STOP OVER IN PUERTO RICO WASHINGTON, March 28 (UP) —Aerovias Nacionales de Colom- bia (AVIANCA) applied to the Ci- vil Aeronautics Board (CAB) for a permit which will enable its planes, serving the route from Colombia to Spain, France, and Germany (Madrid-Paris-Frankfort), to stop over in San Juan, Puerto Rico. A representative of AVIANCA declared that the San Juan stop- over would increase the movement of passengers originating in Co- lombia, in the same manner that in the Caribbean Zone, going to Spain. A representative of the Puerto Rican government also backed up AVIANCA’s application. AVIANCA has been flying planes in the route to Europe once a week with stop over in Bermuda and Azores, since 1951 The Colom- bian Company also flies planes from Colombia to Jamaica, Miami PANAMA, March 28 (UP)—The geographical situation of a country should be considered part of its natural resources as much as oil or minerals, affirmed Dr. Octavio Fabrega at the International Con- ference on Ways of Navigation. Fabrega presided the Panaman- ian Delegation in the negotiations with the U. S., crowned with the 1955 Treaty. He pointed out that such natural resources are not sub- ject to any International Statute, but that, on the other hand, pre- vious speakers at the Conference had suggested. that the Canals should be placed under some form of International Supervision, as essential corolary to the right of free and inoffensive transit. Asking for modification of the present classical concept of Inter- national Law, Faébrega stated that “according to an International Law revised and based on justice and equity for all, there should be no natural right, in the part of na- tions, for the use of an artificial canal within the sovereign domain of a country, “Such right should exists only if so established by contractual obli- gation. In the absence of such ob- ligation, permit for the use of a canal should be consider as an_act of international cooperation in the part of the sovereign state, within which the canal is situated.” Fabrega opposed also perpetual treaties. No sovereign nation, he stressed, can put a mortgage on its territory, no matter how lofty the purpose may be. Any agree- ment of that nature should have a reasonable period of duration or, at least, be subjected to clear methods of periodical revision.” Fabrega commented the 1888 Constantinople Convention on the Suez Canal of undetermined dura- and New York. tion, while the Panama Canal Trea; ' ty is perpetual. Admitting that, to assure an effective international cooperation in the future, the tra- ditional concept of sovereignity would have to be shrunk a little, the Panamanian Delegate said; “This limitation of :sovereignity concept must have due considera: tion in all important phases of in- ternational cooperation and not only the limitation of the sover eign rights of some nations.” Dr. Fabio Fournier, of Costa Ri- ca’s University, who spoke after Fabrega, forecasted the creation of some International Juridic Or- ganism, possibly under the U. N., which would establish rules for in- teroceanic canals. He considered that. such organism would be op+ portune and universally accepted, The Organism could, for example recognize Egypt’s rights on Suez; but it would also recognize the rights of other interested parties. Fournier stressed that Panam& does not receive, at present, ade quated compensation and declared himself in favor of a revision. of the Treaties on canals, in the light of world changeable conditions. Dr. Vicent Saenz, of México’s University, in turn limited himself to a review of the history of the various interoceanic canals and projects from an International Law viewpoint. He pointed out that the principle of free passage and neutrality has been applied to all the canals at all times. Dr. Ernesto Alvarado Garcia, of Honduras’ University, stated that Panama retained many valuablele- gal rights on the Panama Canal, which are not exercised at present; but which could be of tremendous value in the future. The round table discussions on ways of navigation, are being held under the auspices of Pana- méa’s University, Catholic Church Negotiating Return of Teenagers From Cuban Rebel Camp By FRANCIS L. MCCARTHY United Press Staff Correspondent HAVANA, uba (UP)— The Ro- man Catholic Church has stepped in to negotiate the safe return of three American teenagers who ran away from their homes to join Cuban revolutionaries, it was re- ported today. Informed sources told United Press the Archbishop’ of Santiago, Pérez Serrantes, is personally di- directing efforts to enotract tebels led: by Fidel Castro in the Sierra Maestra mountains. It was Serrantes who negotiated Castro’s surrender to authorities in July 1958, after the revolution- ary leader directed am unsuccess- ful attack against the Cuban army’s Moncada garrison in Santiago. The youths, Charles E. Ryan Jr., 19; Michae} L. Garvey, 15, and Vic- tor J. Buehlman, 17, disappeared from their homes on the giant U. S. naval hase at Guantanamo Feb. 7 leaving notes telling their pa- rents not to ‘worry about them. Ryan and Garvey are the sons of enlisted men. Buehlman is the son of a commander. WHEREABOUTS UNKNOWN ‘It has been established the youths “enlisted’ in the rebel for- Latin American News in Brief Bolivian Govt. Fires Drunk Driving Consul LA PAZ, March 28 (UP)— The Government of Bolivia has fired the Consul-General in New Orleans, Rafael Gémez. The discharge of Consul Gé- mez was a consequence of news reports from that city stating that Gomez was arrested after am automobile accident, which oc- curred when he was driving hile drunk. IRISH IN ARGENTINA IN GREAT CELEBRATION DUBLIN {Ireland (UP)— Com- mander Thomas McKenna of the Irish Navy flew in here after spend- ing two weeks as a member of the Irish delegation to the Admiral Brown ceremonies in the Argen- tine. He said he had been “com- pletely overwhelmed” by the warmth of his welcome. McKenna, who was greeted at Dublin Airport by Argentine Min- ister Lorenzo McGovern, was the first member of the delegation that left Buenos Aires early Sunday to arrive home. Bishop William Phil- bin of Clonfert stopped, off in Ma- drid for » vacation while Dr. G. Hiyes-McCoy, Chairman of the Irish Admiral Brown Centennial Committee, stayed on in London. At an airport press conference McKenna detailed the program of receptions, ceremonies and parades that the delegation attended dur. ing their stay in the Argentine, with special reference to he high- light parade in Buenos Aires on March 15 and St. Patricks Day .ob- servances at Lujar two days later. “None of us who were the guests of the Government will ever forget it,” McKenna said. The St Patrick’s Day ceremony, he said, impressed the delegation. “We knew there were a lot of Irish in Argentina, but until St, Patrick’s Day we did not have the faintest idea of just how many.” PANAMA AMERICAN STORY ON RECORD WASHINGTON (UP)— A news story from’The Panamé American was published in the appendix of the congressional record Friday. The record is the published ac- count of the daily proceedings of the United States Congress. The story published in its appendixap- peared in the Panam& newspaper last November 16 reporting the celebrations commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Hotel Ti- voli, Representative John M. Robin- son, Junior, of Kentucky, inserted the Panama American’s story along with other material as he paid tri- bute to Maurice H. Thatcher, a fel- low Kentuckian and a former mem- ber of the Isthmian Canal Commis- sion as well as a onetime congress- man, Thatcher and his wife at- the meeting by Doctor ’Lucio Men- dieta Nufiez, director of the Insti- tute of Social Investigations at the National University of México, and Dr. Miguel Leén Portilla, Se- cretary of the Inter American In- dian Institute with headquarters in México City, The meeting will discuss the pro- tended the Tivoli celebrations at [blems of civilizations different from the invitation of Governor William E. Potter. MEXICAN LABOR LEADERS GO TO EUROPE MEXICO-CITY (UP)— A group of Mexican labor leaders left Ge- neva, Switzerland, to attend the conference of workers of the en- tertainment industry. ‘ The four-man group headed by Salvador Carillo, Secretary General of the Movie Industry Workers’ Union, will also attend the confer- ence of Intellectual Employees and Workers in the Swiss City. MEXICAN INDIANS TOPIC OF MEETING MEXICO CITY (UP)— The In- dian population of México will be one of the topics to be discussed at a meeting next month in Lis- bon, under the auspices of the In- the West in the intertropical areas of the world. HOPE LOST FOR FOUR MEXICAN WORKERS cue crews started digging for the bodies of four workers, believed buried in a stone quarry cave in. Three other workers, who were only partially buried when the side were reported in grave condition from broken bones and internal in- juries, at the Tozoyuca Red Cross Hospital. Quarry operator Jorge Figue- roa said there was “almost no hope” the four buried men will be found alive, APPOINTMENT SANTIAGO, Chile (UP)— The Foreign Ministry announced today the appointment of José Serrano stitute of Different Civilizations with headquarters in Brussels. México will be represented - at Palma as Chilean Ambassador to the United Nations. He succeeds Rudecindo Ortega, who resigned. of a 300-foot deep quarry fell in, |, ces March 4 but their actual where- abouts is as much a mystery to au- thorities as when they first org peared. - The status of the boys if they fall into the hands of govecment troops while with the rebels is not too clearly defined. A U. S. embassy spokesman said the Cuban government of Presi- dent Fulgencio Batista has promis. ed “every consideration possible,” but also called attention to the fact that the boys probably are armed. The Cuban army also is cooper- ating fully with the embassy, the spokesmen said. It has circulated snapshot of the boys to: garrisons troops in the field. A Cyban army spokesman. said the boys might “by some miracle” have gotten through the ring of troops around the rebel hideout -but that such a possibility is “re- mote.” The UV. S. embassy spokesman said there were persistent reports from the army and other sources that the boys had been sighted in ° various parts of the island, partic ulary Havana, But he said there have been no such reports in the last 10 days. SEEKING ADVENTURE If the boys are not in the Sierra sagt “they certainly are in uch with the Castro movement,” the embassy spokesman said. He said the U. S. government so far regards the three as “young ad- TOZOYUCA, México (UP)—Res- | venturers — reckless kids in search of adventure,” “They can away for adventure and the Cuban ‘rébel movement was the closest adventure at hand he said. Asked whether the boys fapeard. ized their U. S, citizenship by-join- ing the * rebels, the spokesman merely replied, “They are runaway boys. Our first job is to try to get them home.” The United Press learned that a plea from the parents had reach the boys through rebel contacts and that the parents had received ané- wers through the same channels, The youths were understood to have made no referencé to return- ing home but merely asked their parents not to judge them “Ae harshly.