Diario las Américas Newspaper, March 9, 1957, Page 10

Inter - American News for English-* Speaking people 4th YEAR 8. SMITH Vice President @. A. SAN ROMAN Président FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher ¢. W. SMITH Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President, Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Fred M, Shaver Eliseo Riera-Gémez Managing Editor Business Manager Advt. & Circ. Mgr. |e EF ES AE ASSES Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs, Fla., on February 8, 1956. EDITORIAL THE ANTITHESIS OF COMMUNISM Nothing is feared more by Soviet imperialism than a true democracy, well organized and respected. The communists know that what could be called the genuine antidote for their system is a democra- tic regime, when it functions on the basis of sobriety and, above all, when it functions in its true sense, as far as this is possible in every human institution. The existence of regimes of authentic democratic meaning cause immense worry to the hierarchs of the Kremlin. They know that among the peoples accostumed to the good things brought by that type of regime, communist work is more difficult, even when this does not mean, of course, lack of com- munist infiltration, as there is, in a small scale, in the United States of America, where there is a genuine democracy. Before people who enjoy the benefits of freedom and democratic order, communist campaigns. knock themselves out against a wall, because the trust the people have in a democratic system is a barrier which rejects the catechizing work of the false red apostles. The communists know so well how much harm democracy does to them, that, in order to deceive the masses—even if they fool only the candid—they call their movement “popular democracy”, incurring in an unforgivable pleonasm, which can be explained only as a desperate effort to confuse the people, to make them believe that the red doctrines are also democratic. In the doctrinary field and, above all, in that of practical achievements, communism is, fundamen- tally, the antithesis of a well understood and straight democracy. The leaders of international communism know this, perhaps better than anybody else. It is, for this reason, that they fear much, very much, the countries where democracy is dignified by the government and the people. Every effort that can be made, beneficial to the prestige of the democracy, of its security in the institutional life of the people, must be made, so as to be in better condition to repel communist infiltra- tion and to create, in the conscience of every citizen, the loftiest resistance and repudiation of a system which denies the political freedom of human beings and their individual dignity. HONDURAN GOVERNMENT REPORTS CREATION OF NEW DEPARTMENT BORDERING NICARAGUA TEGUCIGALPA, March 8 (UP) —tThe Ministry of Foreign Rela- ed that Nicaragua has rights of oc- cupation north of Coco river, in the tions delivered to newspapermen an Official Bulletin in which the creation of the Gracias a Dios De- partment is reported. The Minister, Jorge Fidel Durén said that the Government Military Board will reply in a few days, the protest made by the Nicaraguan government, emphatically rejecting it. The Minister added that “the Decree creating the Department, with defined borders, is a normal and elemental act in exercise of our full sovereignity, in which any territory that belongs, or belonged at any time, to Nicaragua and which is neither under litiga- tion since December 23rd 1906,, is, absolutely, not being included.” NICARAGUANS WILL DEFEND TERRITORY MANAGUA, March 8 (UP)— President Luis A. Somoza reiterat- The The The The The The The The The The The The shoes pants socks gloves suit vest coat overcoat dress hat handkerchief shirt The necktie The skirt The blouse The purse The stockings Port of Cruta, a zone that has been included by Honduras .when an- nouncing the outline of her new Gracias a Dios Department. Somoza made his statement, ap- parently in reply to the one issued in Tegucigalpa by a member of the Honduran Government Military Junta, maintaining the rights of that country to the territory in dis- pute. The Nicaraguan President said that he has the backing of his people “for the defense of national integrity,” and that the National Guard is on the alert to stop “any possible aggression.” Somoza held interviews with the leaders of the two principal politic- al parties, who, it was reported Iat- ter, gave him support in his de- fense of Nicaragua’s rights to the disputed territory. - SPANISH FOR BEGINNERS Vv LESSON Los zapatos Los pantalones Los calcetines Los guantes El traje El chaleco La chaqueta El abrigo El vestido - El sombrero El pafiuelo La camisa La corbata La falda La blusa La cartera Las medias For KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ PANAMA — (Continued) The fact that literary development was slow to evolve in Panamé, is attributed by Panamanian histor- ians to two general circumstances: 1) the fact that in colonial times the people of the isthmus, were concerned most with the all-ab- sorbing commercial activity and 2) the lack of a focus and incen- tive for intellectual growth repre- sented in other Spanish colonies by the early establishment of national universities. The University of San Javier (1749) was founded two centuries after those of Santo Do- mingo, México and Lima. Three early writers whose names stand out are the eminent jurist, Manuel Jusé de Ayala (1726-1805), Sebastian Lépez Ruiz (1741-1823), a physician and naturalist who wrote monographs on Panamanian sociology, and Victor de la Guardia y Ayala (1772-1824), whose trage- dy in verse, “La Politica del Mun- do” or World Politics, was the first dramatic work composed and per- formed in Panama. The introduction of the printing press in 1820 coincide with in- dependence from Spain, and usher- ed in a flourishing political literat- ure imbued with the feelings of the times. The most influential writer of this period was Justo Arosemena (1817-1896), a profound thinker and an _ outstanding proponent of nationalism. In the latter half of the same century appeared the first genera- tion of Panamanian poets, which included Manuel José Pérez, José Maria Aleman, Amelia Denis de leaza and other romanticists, who were followed by modernist poets, the most important of whom were Dario Herrera (1870-1914) and Ri- cardo Miré (1888-1940). With Panama’s independence from Colombia in 1903, its literat- ure entered an auspicious era, un- der greater official recognition. Two eminent statesmen of the early part of the 20th century, Belisario Porras and Samuel Lewis, contributed much to the essay in Panama, Other essayists who left their’ mark were Salomén Ponce Aguilera and Guillermo Anjeve. Rodrigo Miré, son of Ricardo, the poet and essayist, specializes in literary criticism. Among other distinguished essayists, outstanding are Ricardo J. Alfaro, ex-President of the Republic and an authority on International Law; Octavio Méndez Pereira, who for many years was Rector of the National University; versatile Narciso Ga- ray, who was also an accomplished musician, diplomat, educator and folklorist, and two fine writers on educational subjects, Jeptha B. Duncan and José D. Crespo. Among the most prominent poets are Rogelio Sinén, who also is a short story writer; Maria Olim- pia de Obaldia, the country’s fore- most modern; Stella Sierra, also a journalist; and Ricardo Bermudez and the Chinese Panmanian Changmarin, winners of national literary prizes. Spanish Version age 3 BRITISH HONDURAS IS GUATEMALAN BUENOS AIRES, March 8 (UP) The Guatemalan Embassy at this capital gave for publication a note of the Organization of American States’ Economie Council, which states that the port of Belize, in British Honduras,” is integral part of Guatemala.” The declaration says that the Or- ganization will support Guatema- Ja’s claim for the port and adds that Belize “has little hope of eco- nomic progress while it is admin- istered by a colonial regime.” PRONUNCIATION Lohs zahpah-tos Lohs pahn-tah-loh-nehs Lohs kahl-seh-tee-nehs Lohs gwahn-tehs Ehl trah-heh Ehl chah-leh-koh Lah chah-keh-tah Ehl ahbree-goh Ehl vehs-tee-doh Ehl sohm-breh-roh Ehl pan’yueh-loh Lah kah-mee-sah Lah kohr-bah-tah Lah fahl-dah Lah bloosah Lah kahr-teh-rah Laks meh-d’yahs A, ah — B, Beh — C, Sch — Ch, Cheh — D, Deh —EEh — F.Ehfeh — G, Heh — H,Ahcheh — I, e a befter understanding between the Amerleas Member Inter American For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Press Association MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., SATURDAY, MARCH 9, 1957 American Union. —(Photo PAU) “Pacts with Rojas Pinil BOGOTA, March 8 (UP)— The President of the Republic, Lt. Gen. Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, affirmed that his Government has the aim of re-affirming Catholic unity im the country, and accussed the leaders of the two Colombian traditional parties — conservative and liber- al — of being engaged in sign- ing “pacts with the devil.” The President referred in those terms to a document which, politic- al circles anticipate, is being sign- ed by the leaders of the parties who are not supporters of the Gov- ernment, headed by liberal ex- President of the Republic, Alberto Lleras Camargo. The contents of this bi-partisan statement are not yet known. Taking as a basis a report pub- lished in the magazine “Life en Espafiol” (Life in Spanish), stating that Lleras Camargo belongs to a masonic lodge, the President ask- ed “all conservatives and liberals who are sincere catholics to be in guard against these maneuvers”. He said his Government “has dem- onstrated to be a practicing catho- lie government” and accused Lle- ras Camargo of seeking to pro- voke “a great evil against the Church” with his opposition poli- cies. The President made the state- ments in answer to the proclama- tion of his candidacy for re-elec- tion made by a committee from the Department of Narifio, which was headed by the Governor of that section, After reading quotations from the reports in “Life en Espafiol” on the masonic movement in Colom- bia, he introduced the Army Chap lain, Colonel Pedro Pablo Galin do, who pointed out that the Catho- GUATEMALAN ECONOMY GETTING STRONGER GUATEMALA — Guatemalan sales during the last quarter of 1956 were — $18,416,872 higher than for the same period in 1955. In a report issued yesterday by the Ministry of Finance, sales for the period of October to December, 1956 were put at $102,863,788 as against $84,446,916 for the same period in 1955. These figures do not include coffee sales.The Quet- zal is par with the U. S. Dollar. The notable increase is a clear indica- tion of the strengthening of Guate- mala’ economy ,thanks to the con- fidence inspired in the business yea by the present administra- jon. : EDUCATION SEMINAR ” GUATEMALA — The first Central American Seminar on Vo- cational and Technical Education is scheduled to take place in Gua- J,Hoh-tah — K, Kah — L, Eh-leh — LL, Ehl’yeh — M, Ehmeh — N, Eh-neh — N, ehn’yeh — O, Oh —|tomala City next June 17-22. Pur P, Peh — O Koo — R, Ehrrek — 8, Eh-seh — 7, Toh — U, 00 — V, Veh — XEh-kis — Y, L’'yeh — Z, Seh-tak, pose of the meeting is to bring to- \gether information on organization PUERTO RICAN “FRIENDSHIP DAY” AT THE PAN AMERICAN UNION WASHINGTON, D. C.—Puerto Rican “Friendship Day” was celebrated in this capital at the Pan The festivities of commemoration, held at the Pan American Union Palace, included an exposition of paintings by Puerto Rican artists, and presentation of the Choral Ensemble of the University of Puerto Rico in a concert at the Hall of the Americas. Professor Augusto Rodri- guez appears in the photo conducting the Ensemble, which won warm aplause from the audience, ers Signing the Devil’ la Declares lic Church “has always condemned freemasonary because of its anti- christian and anti-catholie charact- er.” President Rojas continued im- mediately with his speech, affirm- ing that “it would be a cowardly act of the authorities and indi- duals not to prevent this infiltra- tion,” and “the harm it may cause the religion of al Colombians.” He expressed surprise that conser- vative politicians have agreed to sign the bi-partisan, statement with Lleras Camargo. According to the conservative newspaper “El Pafs” of Cali, this statement will be signed by all the ex Presidents of the Republic. ITALIANS OPEN INDUSTRIAL FAIR IN MEXICO CITY MEXICO CITY (UP)— Italy has opened the biggest industrial ex- position ever presented in México. Mexican Economy Minister Gil- berto Loyo inaugurated the Fair in the name of President Adolfo Ruiz Cortines. He was accompanied by Italian Minister of Foreign Commerce Bernardo Mattarella, Mexican Ambassador to Italy Ra- mon Beteta and a large delegation of Mexican and Italian industrial- ists and government officials. Thousands of Mexicans made a holiday of the occasion and flocked to see sobe 600 tons of Italy’s best merchandise, which filled the national auditorium and overflow- ed into huge aluminum display buildings, pre-fabricated in Italy. The ranks of these potential cus- HEMISPHERIC EVENTS : and working plans for such training in Central America and set the | ground work for unification as well as for student and teacher ex- changes in this field of study. UNIVERSITY HAS 35,000 STUDENTS MEXICO CITY (UP)— A total of 35,000 students have started classes at the National Universi- ty of México. The new school term at México’s highest institution of learning started officially yesterday. But classes were dismissed early and the real work began today. MEXICO NEEDS MORE TOURIST ADVERTISING MEXICO CITY (UP)— The Me- xican Association said that the amount of $480,000 (US) assign- ed by the Mexican Government to advertise México’s toruistic attract- ions abroad is not sufficient. “The amount is insufficient when we consider that the tourist industry. is . the second largest Three U. S. HAVANA, Cuba, March 8 (UP) Three missing teenage sons of U. S. Navy personnel have joined Cu- ban rebels operating in Oriente Province, according to informed sources. The U. $8. Embassy disclosed yes- terday the three youths have been U. S. Asks Honduras, Nicaragua to Avoid Provocative Acts. WASHINGTON, March 8 (UP) —The State Department revealed today that the United States Gov- ernment has called on Nicaragua and Honduras asking them to avoid “provocative” acts in relation with a frontier dispute. A Department of State’s spokes- man said that the Washington gov- ernment trust that both Latin American countries will solve their dispute by pacific means. Officials of the Department state that they received reports about a recent aerial transport of an un- specified number of Honduran soldiers to the Patuca river valley, northeast of Tegucigalpa. This val- ley, scarcely populated, is known as Mosquito region. Parts of this region is claimed by Nicaragua. Honduras considers, however, that the old litigation on the frontier of the zone was solved in 1906. The spokesman for the State De- partment. said textually: “The Department trust that Hon- duras and Nicaragua will avoid acts which could be considered provocative and that they will en- deavor to solve, by peaceful means, any differences that may come up. The Department have stated its view point to the government of the two interested countries, through their Ambassadors at this capital and our Embassies in the two countries’s capitals. tomers were swelled by delegations from all the Central American countries, which came here to stu- dy the shiny displays of almost everything from heavy earth mov- ing equipment and locomotives to precision tools and ceramics. But the big news for México real- ly came when Mattarelal announc- ed that his country is ready to up its purchases of: Mexican -cotton, coffee and minerals. , : This is the price tag México has pu on opening its markets to countries selling manufactured missing from their Guantanamo Na val base homes since Feb. 17. They were identified as Victor J. Buehlma, 17, son of a command- er; Charles E. Ryan Jr., 17, son of a hospital corpsman, and Michael L. Garvey, 15, son of a chief avia- tion machinst mate. According to the Embassy the youths disappeared simultaneously from their homes on the giant na- val base Feb. 17. A spokesman said there was “reason to believe they still are in Oriente Province where both the naval base and the Sie- The Peruvian Embassy in Washington has sen us the following statement: HICKENLOOPER, PUBLISHED Committee, I am pleased to state we have faithfully cooperated endeavor. and enduranee of friendship, WASHINGTON, Mar. 8 (UP)— Méxicd and the United States sign- ed an agreement on aerial trans- port, after eleven months of inter- mitents n€gotiations. Announce- ment of the signing of the docu- ment was made at the State De- partment, The agreement estipulates that the airlines of both countries shall fly specified routes for a period of two years, starting on next June 6th. Such disposition gives the Unit- ed States Lines what they have been hoping for during a long time: To fly direct to México from points as New York, Washington, Los Angeles, New Orleans, Chica- go, Miami, Houston and Browns- ville. Air France was the only airline authorized to fly direct from New York to México, route which is considered in commercial aviation circles, as one of the most lucra- tives, before the signing of this agreement. Mexican airlines Compafifa Me- xicana de Aviacién and Guest Ae- rovias, will now be able to fly direct from México’s capital to products. a | Latin American News in Brief source of dollar income in the country,” an Association official said. | i An estimated 600,000 foreign tourists, mostly Americans, spent approximately $400,000,000 (U..S.) in México in 1956. The official said most of the ad- vertising will be made in the Unit- ed States and Canada, THIRTEEN MILLION MEXICANS TO VOTE MEXICO CITY (UP)— More than 13,00,000 voters are expect- ed to go to the polls in the 1958 national elections, the National er Rgt and. Statistics Registry said. " ‘ The population of the country will have increased to 33,000,000 persons by the time the elections are held ‘in July of next year, ac- cording .to the latest calculations of the general statistics office. Officials of the national elector- al and statistics registry said 40 per cent of the population is of voting age. Therefore the number of voters will exceed the 13,000, 000 mark, they added. SHIFT OF AMBASSADORS TO LATIN AMERICA WASHINGTON (UP)— JU. S. Ambassador to Bolivia Gerald 0. Drew will be shifted soon to the post of Ambassador to Haiti. ‘An informed source said the change wil] be made as soon as the international political situation in Haiti clears up. Drew, a career Foreign Service officer, has been Ambassador to La Paz since 1954. The change is one of several con- templated among Latin American posts. These imminent shifts have forced the State Department to call off a conference of U. S. Am- basstador to Latin American Re- publics which had been scheduled for Panamé later this year. Other countries where changes in U. S, Ambassadors are due short- ly are Colombia, Haiti, Paraguay, Cuba, Nicaragua, the Dominican Republic, and Méxieo. PERUVIAN EMBASSY WASHINGTON 6, D. 6, STATEMENT BY HIS EXCELLENCY SENOR DON FERNANDO BERCKEMEYER, AMBASSADOR OF PERU, CONCERNING THE REPORT BY SENATORS MIKE MANSFIELD AND BOURKE SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE With reference to the report by Senators Mike Mansfield and Bourke Hickenlooper; published by the Senate Foreign Relations If the Senators observed a certain amount of tension during their recent visit to South America, motivated, as they have stated, by boundary disputes, I am sure that in my country they experienced quite a different climate, inspired entirely by our strict observance of a Treaty and all the other juridical instruments which are in my judgment the most efficient way towards preservation of peace Washington, D. ©, March %, 1957 México and the United States Sign an Agreement on Aerial Transport UMBER 201 Teenagers Said to have Joined Rebel Forces in Cuba — ey Maestra mountains are loca ed. . Well informed sources told the United Press that as recently as a few days ago the youths were serv- ing with the rebel forces and were in gdod physical condition. Buehlman’s father, who comes from Rochester, N. Y., reached by telephone at Guaténamo, said he was “very much concerned” about his son’s whereabouts. He said he had no information that his son had joined the rebels. Buehlman said all three boys left similar notes saying they were leaving and not to worry. But they gave no reasons for their actions, he said. None of the families have heard from the boys since. Buehlman said the matter was in the hands of naval base authori- ties who are investigating the dis- appearance. BY THE UNITED STATES that, as far as Peri is concerned, in the inter-American defense Washington and New York, or Chicago, or New Orleans. At pre- sent these two companies are only authorized to fly from México to Miami and from México to Los An- geles. The agreement estipulates, how- ever, that each government will de- signate an organism empowered to determine and authorize the com- mercial airlines which will fly by specific routes. For that reason the fundamental authority is in- vested in these (organisms. In the case of the United States this or- ganism is the Civil Aeronautic Com- mission and, in that of México, the Ministry of Communications and Public, Works, It is reported that both govern- ments agree to the pact being in foree for two years, to allow the aeronautical interests of each na- tion time enought to study the sue- cess or failure of the stipulations. The agreement state that, at the end of the two years, the govern- ments will again negotiate an ex- tension or the cancellation of the agreement. : A reliable source said that the bigger obstacle blocking the con- clusion of the agreement was Mé- xico’s fear that, once the permit to fly without stop over to Méxi- co was granted, the United States airlines would do it in such num- bers that the Mexican Aviation In- dustry would loose strength and, finally, would be eliminated. The agreement estipulates, how- ever, that the airlines will make only as many flights as the traffic demands. This signifies that, at any moment, México can compel a United States company to reduce the number of its flights to México, if the investigations show that their number are larger than what the demand justifies. BRITON DECORATED BY PERUVIAN GOVT. LONDON, March 8 (UP)— The Peruvian Ambassador, Dr. Ricardo Rivera Schreiber, vested the insig- nia of the Order “Al Mérito por Servicios Distinguidos” ~(Merited for Distinguished Services) of Pe- ra, to the Director-Manager of the Pacific Steam Navigation Company H.’ Leslie Bowes. The decoration was granted re- eently to Leslie Bowes by the Pe- ruvian Government “In recogni- tion of his old personal friendship toward Peri and the outstanding services rendered by his company for the development of commercial relations and the strengthening of friendship bonds between Great (Britain and Pert.”