Diario las Américas Newspaper, November 9, 1956, Page 10

Inter - American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR Cc. W. SMITH 8S. SMITH Vice President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Viee President. Editor and Mamager Eliseo Riera-Gomes Advertising and Circulation Mgr G. A SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antenio Ruiz Managing Editor eel Published daily except Monday — tered as second class matter at the Post Fla. on February & 1956. Office of Miami Springs EDITORIAL RETURN TO STALINISM The rumbling of cannon in Hungary; the torrents of blood shed in that country; the effron- tery with which the Russian empire has thrown its forces against the Hungarian people to subjugate | them by force and to run their destinies as if it was | a nation of savages; the utter disregard of all norms | of international law and of human dignity shown| by the Moscow regime, all that, which means death and destruction, tyranny and injustice, leads to the belief that the political mentality and military violence prevailing during Stalin’s dictatorship have returned to the Kremlin. After the death of the creator of the modern Russian Empire, the Soviet Government assumed a less agressive jnternational attitude, in particular during the last year. It seemed as if, together with the struggle among the red hierarchs for domination of the Government. a new concept of international policy was flourishing in Russia. Of course, there was always a doubt that such concept could be consolidated on the basis of sincerity. In our editorial comments we have attributed that attitude of false Soviet cordiality to the internal struggles, yet undecided, for the establishment of a dictatorship of one man. When that happens, Soviet imperialism will return to the practices of extreme violence, both inside Russia and abroad. iverything seems to indicate that that moment, even worse than the current ones, is approaching. The outburst of hate and bullets against the Hun- garian people indicates the return to the absolutist regime of Stalin. The democratic powers are facing, therefore, a new and very serious crisis. Truthfully, Russia has believed only in solutions based mostly in acquies- cense to her whims. The democratic nations have had to submit, most of the times, to situations created by the Kremlin. The relative peace existing in the world now is due, basically, to that tolerance, to that permanent acceptance of Soviet policies. The tragedy suffered by the Hungarian people ig a consequence of the inordinate haughtiness of a country that became a world power of extraor- dinary proportions with Stalin’s ability, his lack of scruples in national and international affairs, and, it should be said, because of the candor of some Western statesmen and government officials who, at the end of World War II, allowed, and more than that, facilitated, the abnormal growth of the threatening Russian power. CHARTER OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES ARTICLE 14 Respect for and the faithful observance of treaties constitute standards for the development of peaceful relations among States. International treaties and agreements should be public, ARTICLE 15 No State or group of States has the right to intervene, directly or ‘indireetly, for any reason whatever, in the internal or external affairs of-any other State. The foregoing principle prohibits not only armed-force but also any other form of interference or attempted threat against the personality of the State or against its political, economic and cultural elements. ’ ARTICLE 16 No State may use or encourage the use of coercive measures of an economic or political character in order to force the sovereign will of another State and obtain from it advantages of any kind. ARTICLE 17 The territory of a State is inviolable; it may not be the object, even temporarily, of military occupation or of other measures of force taken by another State, directly or indirectly, on any grounds whatever. No territorial acquisitions or special advantages obtained either by force or by other means of coercion shall be recognized. .. ARTICLE 19 " Measures adopted for the maintenance of peace and security in accordatice With existing treaties do not constitute a violation of the principles set forth in Articles 15 and 17, +. CHAPTER IV PACIFIC SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES a ARTICLE 20 All international disputes that may arise between American States shall be submitted to the peaceful procedures set forth in this Charter, before being referred to the Security Council of the United Nations, ARTICLE 21 The following are peaceful procedures: direct negotiation, good offices, mediation, investigation and conciliation, judicial settlement, arbitration, and those which the parties to the dispute may especially agree upon at any time. ARTICLE 22 In the event that a dispute arises between two or more American States. which, in the opinion of one of them, cannot be settled through the usual diplomatic channels, the Parties shall agree on some other peaceful procedure that will enable them to reach a solution, (To Be Continued For KNOW THY | NEIGHBOR || By ANTONIO RUIZ COLOMBIA — Many centuries | before the discovery of America, | Colombia was inhabited by numer- ous Indian tribes, the principal ones being the Caribs, who lived in the lowlands. bordering the Caribbean Sea, especially the re- gion of the Magdalena Depart- ment and the Guajira Peninsula, and the Chibchas, who occupied the {highland plateaus of the Eastern Andres, in the region that is now the departments of Cundinamarca, a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 1956 Boyaca, and part of Tolima. For the Chibchas, Chimichagua was the creator of the world and his son was the sun. The mother of mankind was the goddess Ba- chué, who appeared in the Iguaque Lake, 12 miles from Tunja, Depart- ment of Boyacé. Their benefactor | god. was Bochica, who with his |magic wand broke the Tequenda- |ma rock, to drain the plains of Bogota, thus creating the famous Tequendama Falls, Their rulers were the Zipa of Bacaté and the Zaques, his subordinates. The last rulers were the Zipas Tisquesusa and Zagipa, and the Zaque Que- muenchatocha, killed by the Span- | jards. ‘ | The Agustinianos populated the | territory that is now the Depart- ;ment of Huila. Recent investiga- tions revealed that they had a ciy- ilization superior to that of the Chibchas, and more ancient. They carved many statues in stone, some |of which hae been found and con- sidered very good work. The small tribes now in the Putumayo re- gion, the Department of Narifo, and prineipally those of the Kamt- sa language, are possibly descend- ants of the Agustinianos. The! Quimbayas were established in the Quindio basin in what now comprises the Departments of Caldas, Valle, and Cauca. They cast and alloyed metals in crucibles, and alloyed metals in crucibles, and ‘constructed buildings and roads. They were especially war- like. Colombian territory was discov- ered by Alonso de Ojeda, Juan | de la Cosa and Rodrigo de Basti- | das, Spaniards; Americus Vespucci, Italian, and the Great Admiral, Christopher Columbus himself, who between 1499 and 1503 touched | various parts of the Atlantic coast between the Guajira Peninsula and the Isthmus of Panama. Portions of the Pacific coast were discover- ed by Vasco Nufiez de Balboa be- tween 1511 and 1513. In 1522, Juan de Andagoya left Panama and discovered Buenaventura, and went inland to what is now the city of Cali. In 1533 and 1534, Pe- dro de Heredia, penetrated to the Sind and San Jorge rivers from Cartagena, In the ‘year 1336, Gonzalo Ji- ménez de Quesada left Santa Mar- ta, went up the Magdalena River, and discovered all the surrounding valleys, especially on the eastern side. He reached the high plains, where he founded Bogota on Aug- | ust 6, 1538, and continued later to the Eastern Plains which now be- long to Venezuela. Hernan Pé- rez de Quesada covered the East- ern Plains and the present terri- tories of Vaupés and Caqueta, com- ing out of Pasto and returning to Bogota through Neiva. Three great explorers met in Bo- gota: Jiménez de Quesada, who jhad come from Santa Marta; Se-| bastian de Belaleézar, who had} come from Pert, both of whom} were Spaniards, and the German | Nicholas Federman, ‘who had | come from Coro, Venezuela. All three and their forces made vari- ous attacks on the native tribes, in search of the treasures of El Dora- do, which they never found. The first cities founded by them were: Santa Marta, in 1525; Cartagena, in 1533; Cali and Popayan, in 1536; Bogota, in 1538; Tunja, 1539; Iba- gué, 1550; Bucaramanga, 1662; and Medellin, 1650. Other Spanish and German expeditions travelled over other areas and discovered a large part of Colombia’s territory. (Continued tomorrow) anish Version Page 3 VALLARINO SAYS | FAREWELL TO OAS. WASHINGTON —(UP)— Pan- amanian Ambassador Joaquin J, Vallarino made a brief farewell ad- dress to the Council of the Or- ganization of American States on the eve of his return to Panama, His work here was warmly prais- ed by council president César T. Delgado of Colombia. “We shall always remember your name wjth the deepest respect and affection,” Delgado. said. ‘Parti- cularly for the effective prepara- tions you’ secured for the com- memorative session of the Coun- cil in your country.” work in Cuba. COLLEAGUES VISIT US.—Outstanding Ecuadorean journalists paid:a courtesy visit to THE AMERICAS DAILY upon their return from Havana, where they had brilliant par- ticipation in the General Assembly of the Inter American Press Association. Thew are, from left to right: Jorge Jurado, of “El Comercie’, Quito; the Ecuadorean Consul in Miami, Hon. Juan Valverde; Horacio Aguirre, Editor, THE AMERICAS DAILY; Ismael Pérez Castro, Editor of “El Universo”, Guayaquil; and Jorge Mantilla, Editor of “El Co- mercio”, Quito, to whom we thank for their visit, congratulating them for their fruiful WASHINGTON, Nov. 8—(UP)— The National Rivers and Harbors | Congress, an unofficial organiza-| tion has recommended in a report | the early construction of a sea- level carial at Panama on grounds | of national security. | “Tt is an established fact that the existing Panama Canal, as a rea- sonably assured element in the defense of the nation in any future war, ceased to exist when the first hydrogen bomb was exploded,” the report said. “Nine years have passed since | the sea-level project was reported to congress. Five years have passed since the first hydrogen bomb burst over the Pacific. Definitive action should not be further* de- layed.” The report was prepared by a five member “special committee on the Panama Canal,” under the chairmanship of Henry H. Buck-/| man, Other members were Homer D. Angell, former chairman of the Construction of Sea Level Canal in Panama Recommended to U.S.A. Subcommittee on Rivers and Har- bors in House of Representatives, Herbert Gee, engineer; Henry T. Ford, engineer, and Rear-Admiral | Paulus P, Powell, retired. Although this report is non-offi- cial, it has a special status from the fact that it was published as a House document of the 84th. Con- gress of the United States, indicat- ing the desire of congressmen to give the problems of the Panama Canal further attention during the} 85th. Congress which meets in Jan- uary. The report was addressed to Overton Brooks, president of the National Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee, and first made public to- day. He is also a member of the House of Representatives ‘from Louisiana, and was re-elected on Tuesday. The unofficial special comiaittee said that it had consulted numer- ous government departments and| agencies in preparation of the re- port. BOGOTA, Nov. 8—(UP)— The Venezuelan Minister of Defense, General Oscar Mazzei Carta, told newspapermen that his country Congress will be the one to decide if Venezuela will send men to the UN police forces in the Near East. The Minister stressed immediate- ly that the Suez crisis “imposes on Venezuela the vigilance of her oil fields with the maximum effi- ciency possible.” Speaking at a press conference, on the third day of his visit to Bogota, the Minister pointed out HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief “DEPISTOLIZATION” DRIVE IN MEXICO MEXICO CITY—(UP)— Crime has diminished 30 to 40 per cent. in some areas of México as a re- sult of the recently-launched “in- dividual disarmament” or “depis- tolization” drive, it was announced officially, Defense Ministry officials esti- mated that more than 10,000 per- sons carried arms illegally in Mé- xico City alone. i Military commanders of the vari- ous military regions, who were charged with carrying out the drive to pick up all arms illegally held, reported their efforts have already yielded thousands of pistols, re- volvers, knives, blackjacks and other weapons, Officials said crime reduction is most notable in the states of Gue- rrero, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas and Veracruz where “the majority of arguments were settled with arms.” The military commanders were directed to speed up the drive. HELP FOR HOMELESS IN PUERTO RICO SAN JUAN, P, R. —(UP)— A VIGILANCE IN VENEZUELAN OILFIELDS that the Venezuela oil fields have today vital importance. “Considering our oil production and the dangers it could face in the case of an armed conflict, we have modernized our Navy” said the Minister. “The Venezuelan Na- vy will be comprised of three heavy and three light destroyers.” When asked about his opinion in regard to the re-election of Presi- dent Eisenhower, he smiled and an- swered: “very pleased.” The Minister of Defense, after the conference, left for the instal- lations of the Paz de Rio steel mills. ling nearly 1,800 persons were homeless as result of tidal waves in the wake of hurricane Greta. Carlos Patterna, Red Cross emergency administrator, said the problem of finding shelter for the homeless was being solved by “transferring them to housing projects in the affected vicinities.” Patterne said some 350 homes, mostly -of the poorer kind, were destroyed by tidal waves. Worst damage occurred in Arecibo, Cabo Rojo and San Juan’s La Perla slum area, : AIRLINE CONFERENCE IN BUENOS AIRES BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— _ Re- presentatives of the major airlines of Great Britain, United States, Canada, West Germany, Spain, Netherlands, Brazil, Switzerland, France, Portugal and Argentina began a conference here on the traffic rates for flights between Europe and South America that will be in effect between April, 1957 and March, 1958. The meeting will be presided over by Lew Person, representing Braniff Airways, with Steve Pe- fanis, of the International Air Puerto Rican Red Cross official has estimatéd that 800 families total- Transportation Association as Se- cretary. DR. CHIRIBOGA IS APPOINTED AGAIN AMBASSADOR IN USA QUITO, Nov. 8 —(UP)— Previous authorization, grant- | Nations General Assembly. Member Inter American Press Association For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity CUBAN DIPLOMAT COND io= NUMBER *@ EMNS SOVIET RUSSIA'S CRIME AGAINST HUNGARIAN PEOPLE NUNEZ PORTUONDO ASKS UN ASSEMBLY TO APPROVE AID FOR HUNGARIAN PEOPLE By BRUCE W. MUNN UnitedPress Staff Correspondent UNITED NATIONS, N. Y. (UP) — Cuba accused Russia today of the crime of genocide — mass mur-, der for political, religious or racial reasons — against the free Hun- garian people. Puppet Hungary protested that 4 U. N. debate of Soviet military | activity in the country is illegal, but the General Assembly brushed against the protest and went ahead with the discussion it started iast week. “The Cuban government,” Cu- ban Ambassador Emilio Nufiez - Portuondo told the assembly ‘“con- siders that what has been done by Soviet troops in Hungary is a fla- grant violation of the convention on genocide — a convention that the Soviet Union and Hungary rati- fied. “Nobody can deny that 65,000 Hungarians have been killed by the armed forces of the Soviet Union which had no right to inter- vene in Hungary.” : “We, the Latin American coun- tries, have approved all the resolu- tions that were enforced against the attacks of Great Britain, France and Israel against Egypt; but we also vigorously condemn the assassination of more than 60,- 000 Hungarians patriots,” affirm- ed‘ Nufiez Portuondo in one of the most violent toned addresses that have been delivered at the United ed by the: Congress, the Gov- ernment appointed Dr. José R. Chiriboga Villag6mez Am- bassador of Ecuador in Wash- |} ington. | Chiriboga Villagémez oc- }] cupied the same post during |] four years up to the beginning |] of this year, when he resigned |] te participate in the Presiden- tial elections. Florida Growers Ask for Banning of Mexican Fruit LAKELAND —(UP)— Florida Citrus Mutual has formally request- ed the federal government to in- vestigate orange shipments from México which it charges contain a highly toxic preservative. In a strongly worded letter to the Food and Drug Administra- tion, Mutual General Manager Ro- bert Rutledge asked that “all sup- plies of Mexican fruit failing to conform to government regulations be seized and destroyed at once.” Rutledge said an investigation by the big citrus co - operative showed that some Mexican fruit was being. coated with thio-urea, “an absolutely prohibited and dangerous chemical.” The use of thi-urea by shippers to protect fruit from spoilage has been banned in this country be- |to “destroy the intellectuality, the patriotic elements leaders of | ed.” | cording to Nikita Khrushchey, Sta- He opined that Russia’s pur- poses, in recurring to. genocide, is the Hungarian nationality,” so “the body of the nation will be paralyz- “This is — he said — the type of genocide practiced by the Sovietic Union. . .and it is nothing new. It is not other than the same that, ac- lin practiced against their own Russian people, within the Sovietic frontiers.” “Several times in the past — said Nufhez Portuondo — I said in this Assembly and in other Organ- isms of the United Nations that Stalin was the greatest criminal known to history. Some candid peo- ple went as far as to say that I exagerated and lied. Later, Khru- shchev himself, vindicated me.” These words of the Cuban De- legate were saluted with a great ovation. The diplomat, showing great emotion, striking the table with his fist and raising his voice even more “Hungarian blood speaks in. a vehement tone, and it is impossible not to hear it. It is mecessary not to recognize the regime the Rus- sians are imposing on the Hungar- ians. We cannot tolerate that the executioners of the Hungarian peo- ple sit among us a representative of that nation. The atrocious geno- cide must be dennounced. We must insist that Soviet troops withdraw from Hungary, and that the peo- ple are given an opportunity to-de- cide their own destiny in free elec tions. Let us not refuse to con front once and for all this Rus sian invasion against internationad law.” He said that Cuba expects that in the case of Hungary, all the countries of the world, except Rus- sia and her satellites, will approve measures to give aid to the Hun- garian people. OTILIO ULATE OTILIO ULATE — VISITS MIAMI After taking a brilliant parti- cipation in the International Press Association (IAPA) Gene- ral Assembly, of which he is a directing member, the outstand- ing Latin American newspaper- man and illustrious ex-President of the Republic of Costa Rica, Mr. Otilio Ulate Blanco, is now in Miami. THE AMERICAS DAILY ex- tends cordial greetings to the distinguished colleague, owner of the “Diario de Costa Rica” and wishes him a pleasant stay in Miami. said: Argentines Protest Against Russia; Diplomats Boycot BUENOS AIRES, Nov. 8—(UP) The police used tear gas to disperse a mob which staged a shouting -de- monstration, demanding Hungary’s freedom, in front of the Soviet Embassy. cause it is harmful to consumers. CHILEAN MINE OPENING AHEAD OF SCHEDULE SANTIAGO, Chile—(UP)— Ana- conda Copper’s new Indio Muerto mine. will be operating from one to two years ahead of schedule, ac- cording to Mining Ministry sour- ces, It revaaled Anaconda was raising its original investment of $52,950,000 to $80,150,000 to se- cure an earlier date for produc- tion, The mine has cubicated reserves of 200 million tons with an ore con- test of one point six per cent. Previous estimates were 78-million tons. PORT IMPROVEMENT PUSHED IN MEXICO MEXICO CITY—(UP)— Méxi- co has spent $25,600,000 in port improvements in the past two years and will spend an additional + $25,520,000 by 1959, it was an- nounced officially. f Navy, Minister Roberto Gomez Maqueo said , President Adolfo Ruiz Cortines’ “March to the Sea” program is going into its second phase — the development of nu- merous smaller harbors along Gulf and Pacific coasts. The first two-year program was ‘Fhe Embassy was holding a re- nel, wharf, warehouse and drydock facilities in 16 larger prots on both coasts, : NO XMAS TREES FOR MEXICO MEXICO CITY—(UP)— There will be no Christmas trees in Mé- xico this year. The Ministry of Agriculture is- sued an order banning the cutting and importation of trees for the Christmas holidays. Officials said the move is aimed at the conservation of México’s forest resources and the saving of foreign exchange needed for essential imports. Forestty director Juan Lozano Franco said this year the Agricult- ure Ministry would give no facili- ties to commercial enterprises for the importation of Christmas trees as was done in previous years. He added that illegal cutting of trees would be severely punished. JUNTA RECOGNIZED - MEXICO CITY—(UP)— México will continue to maintain diploma- tie relations with the three-man Military Junta established in Hon- |Government and the | only Soviet Reception ception to celebrate the anniver- sary of the bolshevik revolution, which was boycoted by Argentina’s Minister of Foreign Relations, Dr’ Luis Podesta Costa and almost all of the Western countries diplomats. More than 50 policemen were guarding the Embassy to impede demonstrations. Soviet Ambassador, Gregori Ro- sanov, invited members of the Diplomatic Corps to attend the reception, but the Ambassadors of ° ten countries attended. The only Lat- | in American who attended was the | Mexican Ambassador, Francisco Aguilar. *Others attending were the Heads of the Missions from Yugos- lav, India, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, Thailand, Hungary, Poland and Czechoslovackia. The Chiefs of Protocol and Ce- remonies of the Ministry of For- eign Relations, paid the Mission the normal visit of courtesy. WOMEN IN BLACK MARCH IN PROTEST BUENOS AIRES —(UP)— Some 2,000 women dressed in black marched down. central Florida Street after attending a mass for the fallen in Hungary, held at the Metropolitan Cathedral. The women marched in com- plete silence carrying red, white and green Hungarian flags and blue and white Argentine flags festooned with black crege. The procession halted in silence for a few minutes before the Rus- sian commercial offices-in Cordoba Street and in front of the United Nations Bureau on Santa Fe Ave nue. About 1,000 youths with black ties joined them. AH When police arrived in’ riot trucks to prevent.a march up San- ta Fe Avenue, the women’ began duras on Oct. 21, it was announced devoted to improvement of chan- officially, shouting “Long Live Hungary!” and “Long Live Freedom!” e