Diario las Américas Newspaper, October 24, 1956, Page 10

pis Inter-American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR @. A. SAN ROMAN * President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE cw SMITH Viee President 8. SMITR Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Vice President. Editor and Manager “Antonio Ruiz Managing Fditor Office of Miami Springs EDITORIAL (aera @ubMshed Gaily except Monday — fmvered as second class tay at the Post) Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advertising and Circulation Mer Fla. on February & S| EVENTS IN HONDURAS Since last Sunday, Honduras is living a new * era ‘n her history, which is causing general expec- tation in the.continent, because of the importance given to an event which, judging by official states- ments, has as its aim national recovery. As it is well-knowm during the last year Hon-| duras has been suffering an institutional crisis, within a climate of violence and political unrest, not so propitious te the establishment of democratic peace, that peace so necessary for. the progress of all nations of the world, especially those of America. Themen who have assumed the historical res- ponsibility of organizing a new government have the duty to act with the firmess and decor that! circumstances require to secure, on solid founda- tions. the program they say to be defending. Within a short time it will be known if the military coup has authentic democratic aspirations, restoring constitutional normalcy and the suprema-| cy of civilian power, or if it will be a movement, as} those so.frequent in Latin America, void of all re:| publican meaning. Everything indicates, up to this moment, that what is happening in Honduras is a response to|desired to be ruled by Ferdinand sane ideological orientations, even when, of course, the procedure used has to find a political explana- tion in the reality of the Honduran present and the) Spain. These events, by diminish-|viction, Mr. Blowers really con- hard institutional crisis which that -country jg|ing authority of the mother coun-| cerns himself with and show great facing. For: the prestige of American democracy, for the decor and progress of Honduras, THE AMERI- CAS DAILY expresses its sincere wishes that the Central American nation finds soon the road of tively unmoved by the far-off dis-| following statements: normal life which necessarily will lead the country up to goals of well understod peace, administrative honesty, liberty and progress. UNITED NATIONS DAY On a date such as this, 24 of October, eleven years ago, the Charter of San Francisco went into) effect, giving juridical and political life to the United Nations Organization. Through these eleven years, the UNO has been submitted to terrible tests, and it can be stated that practically never it has been able to stay out of international storms, in order to realize its high task for the benefit of the community of the world. From the very moment in which the UNO was horn, conflicts between East and West developed, the painful struggle bewteen democracy and com- munism, that is to say, between freedom and tryanny. With problems of such a nature, it was not easy for the United Nations Organization to obtain complete success. However,if what has been done is-analyzed and we wonder what would have! happened in the world if the institution had not existed, the conclusion is reached that had not is of great usefulness, at least as a human purpose) and effort aimed to make international life develop within the norms of peace and justice. FINANCIAL AID TO LATIN AMERICA WASHINGTON, Oct. 23—(UP) The Department of Commerce re- ported that the “net” volume of the aid given by the United States Government in donations and credits, to the other American Re- publics amounted to $150,000,000 during the twelve months of the fiscal year which started on July 1st. 1955 atid ended on June 30th. In the previous fiscal year the » “net” volume of the aid was $7,- 000,000 more. The Department did not say how that sum was distributed among the several American countries. “Net” volume is understood to be the difference between the tot- al amount of. donations and cred- its given td ‘the Latin American countries and‘the total amount re- _|turned by them. The countries benefited by the aid have no obligation to refund ‘Hthe loan, .tnless they are credits and neither, for obvious reasons, when the help is given as a dona- tion. reel ' The $150,000,000 does not in- clude the amount of investments made in Latin America by North- american private capital. ' The “net” It of the aid in credits pat ations to the 20 Latin American Republics, during the fiseal-year 1955-56 is detailed, by the Department of Commerce, as follows: - i “Military ‘materials and ser- _ vices”: $38,000,000 “Other kind of help”: $112,000,- 000. 4 In the fiscal year 1954-1955 the figures coresponding to the cap- tion “Military materials and ser- vices” was $5,000,000 larger than 1955-56. And the chapter “other kind of help” surpassed that of 1955-56 by $2,000,000. Among the “other kind of help” of the fiscal year 1955-1956, the Department included the sum of $82,000,000 which were identified as “Net result of select aid on short term.” The report of the Department does not explain with details to what type of aid those $82 mil- lions were applied. A note says, however, that the “select” aid consisted in debts for short terms contracted by the Government of the United States in the execution of the plan of agri- cultural products exports and in other obligations, on longer terms, incurred by the Northamerican Government when receiving, from the governments of the Latn Ame- rican countries, certain amounts of money in these countries cur- rency as payment of agricultural articles not received yet by them. The Report of the Department of Commerce on the United States Foreign Aid, during the fiscal year 1955-1956 shows that the gov- jernment help to Latin America was small compared. with what it was given to other areas of the For THY NEIGHBOR || By ANTONIO RUIZ | HONDURAS — (Continued) — In 1821 Tegucigalpa acquired the |right to be called a city, as it had already 6,029 inhabitants. In a census taken that year the num- ber of persons employed was list- ed as follows: 6 ecclesiastics, 310 laborers, 41 storeke¢pers, 7 min- ers, 41 carpenters, 83 tailors, °61 shoemekers, 43 weavers, 28. black- smiths, 20 musicians, 4 painters, 14 silversmiths, 8 explosive mak- ers (for the mines), 3 smelters, 5 barbers, 9 tanners, 3 carvers, 19 scribes, 10 tile makers, 2 sculptors and 53 slaves. The mayoralty of Tegucigalpa was suppressed in 1778, and the territory administered from Coma- yagua, but in 1812 the “Alcaldia Mayor” was restored. The last holder of office of mayor under the colemial regime was named Narciso Mallol. The forthright and stately bridge across the Choluteca River, still bears his name. Its con- struction, begun in 1817, repre- sented the joint efforts of the citi- zens of Tegucigalpa and Comaya- giiela. At this time Spain’s colonial em- Joseph (Pepe Botellas) Bonaparte as king instead, but the Spaniards refused to acknowledge him and VIII, son of Charles IV. In the meantime “juntas” or committees of government were set up in try over its possessions, set the va- rious amtagonistic groups within the colonies free to wrangle over the issues among themselves. At first Honduras, like the other Cen- tral American countries, felt rela- sensions and disposed to cling to| its loyalty to the Spanish Crown, as long as such a course was pos- sible. In 1821, on Septemher 15, a con- sultative council set up at Guate- mala City declared for the inde- pendence of Central America. The proclamation was read and enthu- siastically seconded by the authori- ties at Tegucigalpa on October 28. A Constituent Assembly, meeting in Guatemala City in 1823, adopt- ed a system of federal government for the Central American states. This experiment lasted until 1838, when the federal Congress declar- ed the member states free to adopt whatever form of government they chose and closed its sessions. The growth of Tegucigalpa in the course of the 19th. century was slow. In 1824 the first Honduran Congress decreed that the seat of government should alternate be- tween Tegucigalpa and Comayagua, a scheme not noticeable for its practicability. In 1880 Tegucigalpa was chosen to be the permanent capital, and such it has remained most of the time ever since. Up until 1898 Tegucigalpa and Coma- yagiiela had continued as separate towns, but in that year it was de- creed that the two should become one, with the novel provision, how- ever, that each should have _ its own municipal council. It was in 1938 that, with other outlying and smaller communities, they were joined ina single entity known as the Central District, which to- day has a population of over 100,- 000. Promising cultural and material advances in Tegucigalpa took place under the administration of Marco A. Soto, President of Honduras from 1876 to 1883. His accomplish- ments varied from the promulga- tion of the codes of governing pro- cedure in the several branches of civil, penal, military, mining, and customs law, to the inauguration of the first postal and telegraph service and of the first general |hospital. Besides organizing the system of public instruction, he founded the National Library and National Archives, had the parks laid out, and erected in them monuments commemorating the XIX century heroes Morazan, Va- lle, Cabafas and Padre Reyes, Spanish ‘Version Page 3 .world, The Government of the United States helped Western Europe and dependent territories of nations of Western Europe with $2,304,000,- 000 during the fiscal year 1955- 1956 and with $2,525,000,000 in the previous fiscal year. Figures corresponding to the Near East and Arica were: $767,- 000,000 in 1955-1956 and $678.000,- 000 in 1954-1955. Those of other Asiatic and Pa- cific Ocean countries were $1,752,- 000,000 and $1,327,000,000 respec- tively. And those of “Areas not speci- fied,” amounted to $77,000,000 and $83.000,000 a better understanding MR. GEORGE | | George Blowers, of Mr. George Blowers, Director of highly respected in financial ci cles of this country and Latin Ame rica, | His position at the Eximbank has given him a close view of all In- teramerican economic problems. Besides, a Panamericanist by con- interest in all matters affecting continental life. During his stay in Miami, Mr. Blowers paid a courtesy visit to THE AMERICAS DAILY, for which we thank him, and made the “T have been a subscriber to your paper for some time now and wish to say that you are doing an excellent job for the United States and for all of Latin America. It is inevitable that when people read a bilingual newspaper they should JORGE MANTILLA VISITING MIAMI Jorge Mantilla, Editor of “El Co- mercio” of Quito, Senator, and Secretary General of the Interame- rican Press Association, arrived from Ecuador, accompanied by his distinguished wife. Mantilla, who is an outstanding | |Journalist, is at the Columbus Ho- tel and will remain in Miami un-| til tomorrow, when he will leave | for Cuba by plane to attend the | | General Assembly of the Interame- rican Press Association, opening in|} Havana during the next few days. and his activities in the IAPA have been outstanding, THE AMERICAS DAILY ex- tends cordial greeting to the Man- tillas, wishing them a pleasant stay in Miami, as well as a_ fruitful participation for Mr. Mantilla in the IAPA meeting, where on other occasions he has acted with mark- ed success. _ He is editor of one of the lead- | ing newspapers in Latin America, | BLOWERS Citizens of the Américas Should be Bilingual, Says Bank Director Eximbank, Praises Work The Americas Daily is Doing want to understand both langua- pire was in the process of breaking | the Export Import Bank of Wash-| ges and that is one of our great up. In 1808, Napoleon, having fore-| ington, made a brief stop in Mia-| needs; — more North Americans ed Charles IV from the throne of| mi, on his way to the Dominican | who can speak Spanish and more Spain, tried to install his brother | Republic. He is well known and | Latin Americans speaking English. hat is the quickest road to a bet- ter understanding among our great people. “The thing that has struck me most at the Export-Import Bank is the wide field in which we can all help ourselves by helping each other. The Export-Import Bank, realizing the great sacrifices made in Latin American coun- tries to promote developments, en- deavors to finance those develop- ments which will best serve this purpose, The more we succeed in financing projects which are high- ly efficient and productive; the less onerous and burdensome is the re- payment of our loan. Also, the more productive the projects fin- anced by the Bank are, the more effective they are in raising the standards of living of the people of the bororwing country, thus creating a continuing market for U. S. goods and thereby serving the best interests of both countries. ‘During the first nine months of this calendar year, 60 per cent of the Export-Import Bank loans were to Latin American countries, which is an indication of the increased growth in import- ance of that area. “T have passed through Miami several times recently and each time I have been struck by the number of Latin Americans that I see. Miami has become a Mecca for the Latin American tourist and we all hope it will ultimately become the metropolis to which the Latin American businessman will come to transact his business. “At the present time the em- phasis is on the importation of capital goods in South America. As the standards of living rise, there will be a larger demand for consumer goods. Florida is al- ready building the factories and enterprises which will help meet this demand. It would be my guess |that within the next ten years in- dustrial production in Florida will be its larger source of income and employer of labor and will move ahead of both tourist and the ci- HEMISPHERIC EVENTS NEW AIR ATTACHE FROM SALVADOR. WASHINGTON —(UP) Col. An- tonio Valdés was this week instal- led as Military and Air Attaché of the El Salvador Embassy here. He succeeded Col. Manuel J. Cérdoba who returned to El Salvador to be- come director of the military academy there. Also joining Valdés here was Maj. Mauricio Rivas who will be an aid to Col. Valdés. Valdes was formerly Chief of Police of El Sal- vador. Sra. de Valdés will join her husband in the near future. REPORTS ON SURPLUS ARE “EXAGGERATED” WSHINGTON — (UP) —Di- plomatic officials described as “ex- aggerated” reports that Brazilian- United States negotiations on sur- plus agricultural commodites are beset by difficulties. The officials said that there are some differences in the manner of financing purchase of surplus com- modities by Brazil but that nego- tiations are continuing and that there is every reason to expect i their successful conclusion, trus industries in importance.” The officials were commenting on a newspaper report stating that jthe negotiations are deadlocked over the question of the value of | the cruzeiro and over the question | of Brazil’s lending rates. ; | These are not, however, the basic | differences that have come up in the course of the negotiations, ac- |cording to well-informed officials. | The negotiations have been conducted in secret and no official comment is yet available. It was also-learned that Brazil intends to purchase more than $100,000,000 worth of such com- modities as wheat and other agri- cultural goods. HOUSES MOVED TO PUERTO RICO WASHINGTON —(UP) < The movement of 358 temporary hous- ing units from New London, Conn. to San Juan, Puerto Rico to house hurricane victims. has been com- pleted, the general services admin- istration announced, The same prefab houses were moved to New England in 1955 to house flood victims of hurricanes Cero] and Diane. between the Americas Miami Springs, Fla., Wednesday, October 24, 1956 Panamanian Envoy Says Farewell at Washington Party WASHINGTON — The Ambas- sador of the Republic of Panama, Dr. Joaquin José Vallarino, and his charming wife, Mrs. Isabel de Vallarino, offered an elegant re- ception, with the occasion of their forthcoming return to Panama, after having brilliantly represent- ed their country before the Gov- | ernment of the United States. Outstanding personalities of the | official, diplomatic and social cir- | cles of Washington attended the | farewell reception of the Vallari- nos, who are prominent members of Panamanian society and who, as on other occasions they have | been in Washington, enjoyed gen- | eral esteem. | During the reception it was not- | ed haw much popularity the Valla- rinos enjoy in Washington, in the way that those present showed their appreciation and said good- bye with a feeling of sadness to the hosts, who have represented Panama in the United States pro- perly and with dignity._. Cuban Educator Gets High Post in Church Synod ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., Oct. 23 —(UP)— Rey. Dr. Alfonso Rodri- guez, Matanzas, Cuba, was named Moderator at the opening session of the 134th. annual meeting of the New Jersey Synod of the Pres- byterian Church. Rev. Rodriguez, a theologian and | educator, is the first Cuban to be named moderator in the history of the Synod: The Presbyterian in| Cuba is one of the nine forming | the New Jersey Synod. A report of the committee on social education and action was read to the 300 deltegates in which it urged “our Christian brethren to patience and understanding, prayer and compassion” in the se-) gregation issue. The report urged “realization that we are dealing with a problem which in many areas is much more complicated by cultural and moral issues than it is by racial distinctions.” “Let us look to our own house and beware of hasty judgements of others,” the report said. The committee also urged local church and citizen committees to lead the fight against obscene lit- erature and objectionable publica- tions as laymen. It said they “should have the courage to undertake definite le- gal action to combat local vice, particularly in those areas where rn ee, New Honduran Government to Return Freedom and Respect Peoples Rights 4 For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity a Member Inter American Press Association NUMBER 90 Declares in Washington Honduran Charge D’Affairs, Dr. Callejus Honduras has Abandoned Missgovernment, to Start Reconstruction Era, he Says WASHINGTON, D. C.— (Special; ner of the new Government. to THE AMERICAS DAILY) “Honduras has abandoned last Sunday the: missgovernment of dictatorship to initiate an era of national reconstruction”, declared in an interview with THE AME- RICAS DAILY Dr. Policarpo Calle- jas, Chargé d’Affairs of the Repu- blie of Honduras before the Gov. ernment of the United States. Policarpo Callejas is outstanding figure of Central American youth, son of the eminent Honduran irk oe Dr. Policarpo Bonilla DR. CALLEJAS Regarding recent politico-mili- tary events in Honduras, the Hon- duran diplomat declared: “The democratic movement headed by the Armed Forces of Honduras interprets the feeling of weariness of the people before the continuous mockery they have suffered, which culminated with the constituent elections two weeks ago. New men, without il- legitimate ambitions and without political trickery, form the new Government, whose upmost aspira- tion is to return to the people their rights, channeling them through the roads of liberty and honesty. We are deeply con- cerned in developing a propitious climate for free and pure elections, worthy of the highest concept of democracy. All the men of good will in Honduras share this strong desire, which is precisely the ban- =| since | feelings are inspired in a sincere “Regarding foreign policy, our Panamericanism, which tradition- ally repudiates the communist ideology, which Honduras reject besides, by nature.” “Honduras has abandoned mis- government since last Sunday, to initiate an era of national recon- struction.” In conclusion, the distinguished Honduran diplomat said: “To attract, through ~ ample guarantees, foreign capitals in or- der to raise the standard of living of the people of Honduras, is another goal of the democratic re- volution of may country.” VILLEDA MORALES ISSUES STATEMENT SAN JOSE, Costa Rica, Oct. 23 (UP) — Ramon Villeda Morales. leader of Honduras’ Liberal Par- ty, which carried him as candidate to the Presidency of his country in 1954, made the following de clarations, about the. coup d’etat in Tegucigalpa to the United Press; “IT believe that the coup d’etat against Lozano’s totalitarian re. gime comprises a democratic re- covery and I expect it will be so. I know the members of the Junta and the persons who form the Cab- inet and I trust that each ome of them will comply with the duties assigned to them. “T said this in previous occasions: The solution of the problem is not the exclusive work of the parties, but of the whole nation aware of the resposibilities exacted by the crucial moment humanity is experi- menting now. When I was in the United ‘States, last September, I said that the continental defense exacted the presence of democratic governemins in Latin America, It is not possibly to build up good friendship and neighborliness with regimes lacking popular backing. Consequently, the step taken in Honduras mot only has internal transcendence, but international also. We are getting on a level with the democratic claims of the moment. I have never been an impediment for the solution of my country political problem. I have struggled for ideals, never for per- sonal gains. I believe in the Hon- duran people democracy as a bul- wark of liberty in the Western Hemisphere.” Argentina May Outlaw Communism BUENOS AIRES—(UP)— Ob- servers said the dissolution of the Communist Party in Argentina is possible now under a new politic- al party decree-law by the Provi- sional Government of President local officials are apathetic.” DOLLAR UP IN RIO RIO DE JANEIRO—(UP)—The U. S. dollar rose to over 70 cru- zeiros each in the free market, for the first time in more than six weeks. The dollar had been averaging about 65 cruzeiros each, its low- est free exchange value in the past year. Trade sources generally credit- ed today’s rise to black market speculation. They said speculators are buying up dollars in large amounts while they are in the re- latively low levels, in the 60’s and low 70’s, in hopes of reselling them in the middle or upper 70’s for a quick profit. REORGANIZE PRISONS IN EL SALVADOR SAN SALVADOR—(UP)— El Salvador’s police and prision sy- stems will be reorganized in ac- cordance with a plan drafted by two specialists from the Federal Bureau of Investigation of the United States, it was announced officially. . Roland Kelly and Arthur Avig- Pedro E, Aramburu. | Latin American News in Brief two months here studying the country’s social and economic con- ditions and drafting recommenda- tions for adequate police and pri- son systems. They returned home yesterday. ~ CUBAN NICKEL PLANT HOT CAMPAIGN ISSUE WASHINGTON—(UP)— Offi- cers of a large construction com- pany contributed $8,510 to the Republican Party in 1954 while ne- gotiating for a $43 million govern- ment contract, a former vice presi- dent of the company disclosed. The former official, Randall Cremer, said he urged the contri- butions because he felt “morally” bound by an agreement with Re- publican National Chairman Leo- nard W. Hall to support the GOP. Hall has been’ charged with “clearing” the company — the Frederick Snare Corp. — for the multi-million dollar contract to ex- pand the government -owned nick- el plant at Nicaro, Cuba. Cremer testified before a House Government Operations Subcom- mittee investigating alleged “po- non,the two FBI experts, spent litical influence and possible fraud” in the contract negotia- tions. The law recognizes all democrat- ie political parties publicly or- ganized since Sept. 16,- 1955 and guarantees them “freedom of ac- tion.” It also establishes conditions for the recognition of future po- litical ‘groups. While it did not specifically mention communism, the law pro- vides that “dependence upon for- eign organizations” may be grounds for dissolution of a-party by the electoral court. The law also established safe- guards against the creation of any Peronista - led party. It said new parties must “avoid partisan activities” of persons who have “Jost. their electoral and political rights.” That would include vittu- ally every person who held an elective or appointive executive office under deposed dictator Juan D. Peron. The law prohibits a citizen from membership in more than one par- ty at the same time. It requires registration of membership rolls with the Electoral Court. Parties must also register a pro- perty inventory, annual balance sheet and the resolutions ‘record book with the court. YANKEE IMPERIALISM BLAMED FOR LAW Meanwhile, the Communist: Par- ty officially proclaims its opposi- tion to the law, which forbids ac- tion of parties depending on “for- eign organizations.” In a public meeting last night Victorio Codovila whose position of supreme chief of local communism does not seem to have been aftect- ed with the “des - stalinization” campaign, bitterly criticized the Revolutionary Government and what he dennounced as interven- tion ‘of “Yankee: imperialism”, & line which was repeated by all the other speakers in the assembly.