Diario las Américas Newspaper, September 28, 1956, Page 10

Inter-American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR G. A SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Cc. W. SMITH S. SMITH Vice President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President. Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advertising and Circulation Antonio Ruiz Managing Fditor Mgr eevee re nd Published daily except Monday — Entered as Office of Miami Springs Fla. op February & EDITORIAT NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF SOLIDARITY OF LATIN AMERICA WITH THE UNITED STATES 1956. The debate of national scope taking place now in the United States between leaders of the Govern- ment party and those in the opposition regarding which one of the two parties has done more to} strengthen the Interamerican relations of the United States, is unmistakable evidence that there is a general consciousness, at least in formation, on the transcendental importance that for this country has the solidarity of the twenty Latin American Re- publics. ' If the belief in the high significance that for the people of the United States represents the moral, political and commercial support of one hundred and seventy million persons in the above mentioned republics, had not taken root in this country, the subject which started to be debated three days ago, in Miami with the speech of Adlai Stevenson, which immediately found an answer from the Government, would not be occupying national attention, not would it be subject of heated controversy. In all the leading political circles in the United | States, there is a desire now to include, as a substan- | tial part of programs relating Interamerican rela- tions, something firm, resting on solid foundations, | and therefore lending strength to the friendship and solidarity among the governments and the| peoples of the United States and Latin America. In the manner in which this controversy is develop-| ing, it seems that the concept of how important is) that those relations take deep roots in the conscience of the people, more than in the interest of temporary governments, is prevailing. There are plenty of reasons for the republicans as well as the democrats to worry about the fate of Interamerican policies of the United States because, in the manner in which it is developed, may depend, in a great part at least, the reaction of the Latin American countries toward the government and the, people of the United States. The twenty Latin American nations constitute the world’s most important region for the United States, from the political as well as the economic) view point. The United States position in the other | continents is extremely difficult, as there are deep reciprocal distrust which weakens any understand- ing, any concept of friendship and cooperation. In the other hand, as Latin America has a common. destiny with the United States, and there} are particular bonds of international solidarity and geographic reality determines the unity, the real and only bulwark for the United States in which to confront the dangerous eventualities of the complex contemporary international politics, is in this He- misphere. TREATY OF MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING AND COOPERATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE REPUBLIC. OF PANAMA 1955 ARTICLE VI Through a curve to the left with a radius of 262.2 feet (79.919 meters) and the intersection of its tangents at point A-3 in North latitude 9°21’ plus 769.07 feet’ (234.413 meters) and West longitude 79:54’ ‘plus 955.43 feet (291.216 meters); a curve to the right with a radius of 320.0 feet (97.536 meters) and the intersection of its tangents at point A-2 in North latitude 9921’ plus 673.38 feet (205,247 meters) and West longitude 79°54’ plus 836.40 feet (254935 meters); and a curve to the left with a radius of 2571.5 feet (783.795 meters) and the intersection of its tangents at point A-1 in North latitude 9921’ plus 302.15 feet (92.096 meters) and West longitude 79954’ plus 680.96 feet (207.557 meters) to Mon- ument No. “A”, which is a 1% inch brass plug located in the old sea wall, in North latitude 9921’ plus 45.60 feet (13.899 meters) and West longitude 79°54’ plus 487.65 feet (148.636 meters); S. 21934’50” W., 29.19 feet (8.897 meters) to an unmarked point called No. 1; « Southeasterly, 23.26 feet (7.090 meters), along a curve to the left with a radius of 2596.48 feet (791.409 meters) (the chord of which bears S. 37928'20" E., 23.26 feet (7.090 meters) to an unmarked point called No, 2, located on the southwesterly boun- dary of the Colon Corridor at North latitude 9921’ plus 0.00 feet (0.000 meters). The directions of the lines refer to the true meridian. The above described boundary is as shown on Panama Canal Company drawing No. 6117-22, entitled “Boundary Line Between the City of Colon and the Canal Zone”, scale 1 inch to 600 feet, dated December 23, 1954, prepared for the Canal Zone Goyern- ment, attached as an annex hereto and forming a part hereof.” Article VIII of the General Treaty signed March 2, 1936 as amended by Article III of the Convention between the United States of America and the Republic of Panama regarding the Colon Corridor and certain other corridors through the Canal Zone, signed May 24, 1950, is here- by modified by removing from the Colon, or westerly, end of the Colén Corridor the portion thereof lying north of North latitude 9921’ and incorporating such portion within the boundary of the City of Colon as described above. (To'be Continued) NE Second class matter at the Post For a better understanding Miami Springs, Fla., Friday, September 28, 1956 Brazilians Join in the Stiff Loan: WASHINGTON, Sept. 27—(UP) | Criticism of World Bank Restrictions matter of loans had proved to be a | Brazil’s Minister of the Treasury, | megation of the purposes taken in José Maria Alkimin declared that | consideration when the institution |he agreed, up to a certain extent,| was created, which could not be | with the criticism expressed by Cu-| justified, as any private Bank | ba and other countries, against the | co International Bank, at the Meet-| He added that he has the desire ing of Governors of the entity now | to have a general Conference with ‘being held at this capital. | the President of the International This opinion, he told newspaper-| Bank, Eugene Black, without de- men in a short conference he had | finite topics to discuss. with them, is due mainly to the fact | “Our hopes are that these crit- that the Bank treats the loans and | icisms (uttered in the meeting of | credits on the basis of a banker|the Governors of the Bank) and view point and not on that of the | our conversations, would influence countries which solicit help. | the mind of the Bank officers, in Alkimin declared that the Inter-|the future, and so obtain com- national Bank view point in the | pliance of the finalities for which id do, precisely, the same thing. | KNOW | THY NEIGHBOR |} By ANTONIO RUIZ PANAMA — On August 15, 1914, |the S, S. Ancén, freshly painted and gaily decorated with two hun- dred excited and happy passengers aboard made its way through the Panama Canal. In this way, a dream which, had started during the conquest by the Spaniards, at last had come true. | Vasco Nunez de Balboa, the first white man to cast his eyes on the Pacifie ocean, hoped for years to see a canal built across the Isthmus. Much later, in 1550, a Portuguese navigator published a book in} which he gave his idea of how such a canal could be built. At different times the Spanish Crown was in- terested in building a waterway there, and for hundreds of years building projects were submitted by many interested persons. The first serious effort, how- ever, was not made until the year 1880, when a French company ne- gotiated with Colombia for the right to build a Canal. Panama was then a department of the Repub- lic of Colombia. Ferdinand de Les- seps, the French engineer who was very famous then because he had built the Suez Canal, started con- struction of the Panama Canal in February, 1881. Enormous sums of money were raised in France for the work, but mainly through poor |management, the project seemed to be headed for failure almost from the beignning. Despite their failure, the French did a lot of work which was of great value to the Americans when they came later, and also benefited by the experience of the French. | The French Company which began work in 1881 gave it up in| 1889, and for a short time another | French company tried, failing also. The next nation to try, and suc- ceed, was the United States, which started the difficult task in the| year 1904, and after ten years of a} great struggle against terrain, ele-| ments, climate, disease, ete., the S. | S. Ancén made the historic trip | which crowned with success all the work, struggle and efforts put by extraordinary men into the project. Those who had worked so hard on) |the Canal, for so long, and dream- jed of this moment, anxiously wait- jed as the ship came to the locks. But everything worked almost per- fectly, as planned, and this all im- | | | today because of a 24-hour | by the mewspapermens’ and print- it was created,” said the Minister. | “The Export-Import Bank shows an attitude of better understanding |that the International Bank to- ward the wants of the countries |that apply for its aid. The E. I. Bank examines the problems with a better attitude for cooperation with the interested countries”, he said. Strikers Prevent Publication of Bolivian Papers LA PAZ, Bolivia —(UP)— No | newspaper will publish in Bolivia strike ers’ unions to protest the burning of the official newspaper La Na- cién’s plant during last weekend’s hunger riots, The plant was put to the torch at the height of-the rioting in which at least four persons were killed. The government imposed a “state of siege” and began round- ing up members of the opposition parties. arrested, including Mario Gutiérrez assistant chief of the Socialist Fa- lange, the leading opposition party. At least 135 persons have been | Bolivian Plane With Prisoners Forced fo Go fo Argentina SALTA, Argenti a, Sept. 27 — (UP)— A plane of the Bolivian Air Lines landed in this city with | 47 Bolivian political prisioners, who | it is understood, staged a mutiny on board and forced the pilot to} | change course and come to Argen-| | tina. | | The plane left from Santa Cruz de la Sierra on its way to La Paz,, and landed at the Salta Airport at | 9:30 A. M. The Municipal authorities of this city of Northern Argentina, near Bolivia, reported that the 47 mutineers asked for political asy- lum. They were quartered in the Army barracks, where they will stay until the Ministry of Foreign cn their request. The three members of the crew and the five guards in charge of the prisoners will be sent back to Bo- livia. (Reports from La Paz say that Mario Gutiérrez, sub- Chief of the Falange Party, was in the plane, which was piloted by Marcelo Es- tenssoro, and was carrying about Cochabamba to La Paz.) FALANGE LEADER SEEKS ASYLUM LA PAZ, Sept. 27—(UP)— Col- onel Sinforiano Bilbao - Rioja, brother of General Bernardino Bil- bao - Rioja, Falange deputy and prominent leader of the party, sought political asylum in the | Guatemalan Embassy. The Foreign Office so far has not | granted safeconducts, since it is | waiting for a list of those in asylum which must be sent by foreign em- bassies. UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 27, — (UP)— Cuba announced that con- struction of an Electric Central Plant, operated by atomic energy, and which will be erected in the Is- land by Compafiia Cubana de Elec- tricidad, a subsidiary of the Ame- rican and Foreign Power Co., will start within a very short time. Dr. Marcelo Alsono, Secretary of his country Delegation to the Con- ference in which the project of an the Cuban Nuclear Energy Com- mission and Technical Assessor of Estatute for the . International Atomic Energy Organis mis being discussed, said to the Press: “The plant will be will be one of three that the American and Foreign Power projects to erect in Latin America and its power 10,- 000 kilowatts. I believe that Cuba that would benefit from the atom- \ie energy.” It is believed in diplomatic cir- cles that the second plant of Atom- ic Energy will be erected in Brazil, but the site for construction of the third one has not been determined yet. portant waterway which cost the United States 375 million dollars | to build, was now ready to lend humanity in general a valuable ser- vice. A great deal of specially made machinery is used in the operation of the Canal, and the crossing of the fifty miles from ocean to ocean is more or less as follows: On the Caribbean or Atlantic side, about seven miles beyond the entrance, the ship comes to the Gatun Locks which are twin locks so that ships may pass through on both sides, like a double track railroad. The power is cut-off in the ship, which is connected then by long steel cables to four small electric locomo- tives called “mules”. which guide the ship and keep it in balance. Behind the ship, two huge gates, each weighing hundreds of tons, slowly and silently close. Ahead a thick chain is raised from the wat- er to keep the ship from crashing into the closed gates in front, Be- low, water is admitted in enorm- ous quantities until enogh has} entered to raise the ship 28 feet. Then the gates ahead open, and the ship is pulled into the next chamber or compartment, Three times this operations 15 repeated, until the ship is lifted at the Ga- tun Locks to 85 feet above sea level. The gates are opened again, |the ship enters and crosses Gatun |Lake under her own power, (Continued tomorrow) Spanish Version Page 3 HEMISPHERIC EVENTS REQUEST HELP FROM FOREIGN OFFICES , Meanwhile, the Government has sent ,through the Ministry of For- eign Relations, a message to all the Foreign Offices of the Continent, informing they it has information regarding revolutionary elements, Nicaraguans and of other national- ities, residing abroad, who are en- gaged in activities against peace and security of Nicaragua, taking advantage of the situation created with the attempt against President Somoza. The Foreign Minister, Oscar Se- villa Sacasa, requests that, “accord- ing to a resolution on subversive activities, approved at the first meeting of Central American for- eign ministers’, measures to control “subversive activites of all persons trying to endanger peace in Nicaragua, be taken. HAVANA STRIKE LEADERS JAILED HAVANA — (Special to THE AMERICAS DAILY)— The labor conflict in the Autobuses Moder- nos, which services are partially interrupted, became more serious late today when the Court ‘con- United | will be one of the first countries | | habited. CUBA TO GET ATOMIC ENERGY PLANT “According to the steps taken until this date — stated Alonso — the Cuban plant will be the first to be erected and will be completed in 1958.” The Cuban Delegate also reveal- ed that the Atomic Energy Com- mission of his country “is actively working on the details of a bilater- al pact, on atomic energy, with the United States.” “This Treaty — he affirmed — will facilitate the construction of said plant.” He declared that the exact site for the first Electric Energy Nu- rica has not been chosen yet. How- ever, well informed sources believe that the Cuban Plant will be erect- ed at the Zapata Swamp, located in the southern portion of. Matan- zas Province. That swampy zone in the south of Cuba is sparcely in- “Although the Plant will not be it will serve to obtain experience about its functioning and thus, fa- cilitating the erection of bigger Relations, in Buenos Aires, decides | 50 prisoners from Santa Cruz and | clear Generator Plant of Latin Ame | very big — explained Dr. Alsono — | For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Member Inter American GUATEMALAN LADY THREATENED BY REDS IN MEXICO MEXICO, Sept. 27—-(UP)— A Guatemalan woman asked the po- lice for protection after she de- clared that “gunmen” hired by de- | posed ex-President Jacobo Arbenz threatened to kill her. * | Maria Isabel Romero Lucas, born in Spain but who renounced her nationality to become a Guatemal- an citizen, told police that three | men forcibly entered her residence | after pushing aside her servant. She added: “They entered my} bed room armed with pistols, ac-| cussed me of being a spy of Pre-| sident Carlos Castillo Armas’ Gua- temalan government and threaten- ed to kill me.” Miss Romero Lucas gave the po- | lice the names of the three assail- ants. She added that they were known to her as “gunmen” for the fellow-traveler ex-President Ar- benz, who was overthrown by Cas- tillo Armas, during the 1954 revolu- tion. She also said the trio “are communists to the bones.” GEN. SOMOZA RECOVERING PANAMA, Sept. 27—(UP)— As the case of Nicaragua’s President Anastasio Somoza is considered now more clinical than surgical, the Chief Surgeon of Walter Reed Hospital, Major General Leonard D. Heaton and other specialists who came to Panama with him, to ur- gently operate on the Nicaraguan Chief Executive are returning to Washington, tomorrow. Today’s medical bulletin said that progress is maintained in So- moza’s condition but the Panama Canal Zone Chief of Health, Col- onel Charles O. Bruce, declared that “he is yet in delicate condi- tion” and added: “his recuperation powers are notable. His organism has fought a magnificent battle.” Somoza, who yesterday started to get broth and tea through a tube, continues in the “semiconcious” state previously reported, accord- | |ly defended his brother Milton | against charges by Democratic pre- | er said he had ordered the State | about WASHINGTON, Sept. 27—(UP) President Eisenhower today stout- sidential candidate Adlai Steven- son that he had figured in appease- ment of ex-President Juan Perén of Argentina. ¢ By way of counter-attack, Mr. Eisenhower declared that demo- cratie administrations — not his administration — had loaned $130 million to the Peron Government. His eyes flashing, Mr. Eisenhow- Department to prepare a full re- port on Dr. Milton Eisenhower’s ef- forts, as the President put it, to promote better friendship in the Western Hemisphere. He said the State Department report will be made publie without comment when it is completed. The President was clearly rankled by Stevenson’s charge in a campaign speech at Miami that the Eisenhower Administration had appeased Perén and that a member of the President’s “personal family assumed a special, if informal, re- sponsibility for our relationships with Argentina.” Stevenson said the Eisenhower Administration had “made loans to Perén and Perén in turn piled up balances of more than $100 mil- lion in Switzerland for the benefit of. . .Perén.” Records of the Export - Import Bank show that the Eisenhower ad- ministration offered to lend the government or businesses of Ar- gentina $62.5 million while Peron was in power but that none of the money actually was transmitted. The Export-Import records shows that the Truman administration agreed to loans totalling more than $130 million for Perén’s regime or Argentine business firms. Of this, $101,700,000 actually was drawn by the Argentine Govern- ing to Bruce. Press Association NUMBER 69 Complete Report on Tour of Milton Eisenhower in Latin America is Ordered PRESIDENT DEFENDS HIS BROTHER’S “EFFORTS TO PROMOTE FRIENDSHIP“ State Dept. Says he Made ‘Substantial Contribution” During Hemisphere Tour The President said he under- stood the opposition was very disturbed that the U. S. govern- ment had given the Peron govern- ment more than $100 million and that most of this sum had found its way into Swiss banks. Mr. Eisenhower, in strong tones, said it is true the United States loaned the Perén government $130 million, But he said it wasn’t the Republgan administration it was the Democrats who made the loans. before Mr. Eisenhower be- came president. His own administration, he said, granted Argentina $160,000,000 in loans—but waited until Perén had been ousted to do it. He also said his administration studied other ways to cooperate with Argentina’ —including, help for construction of a new steel mill—but waited until the new Ar- gentine Government succeeded Pe- ron, Mr. Eisenhower said his admin- istration had not given Perén a single loan. He said the story of the loans is one he regrets, but one which should not be brought to him. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles said yesterday. that Milton had made a constructive contribu- tion during a Latin American tour aad Mr. Eisenhower said his broth- er had never taken any action ex- cept at the request of the State Department. Mr. Eisenhower said an agree- ment on a steel mill had not been signed with Argentina until after the new post-Perén Administra- tion came to power. He also said loans had been advanced only to the new government. In his reply, thé President also said that a trip his brother had made to Argentina had resulted in American news services getting more freedom to operate in Argen- ment. tina. MANAGUA, Sept. 27—(UP)— Luis Somoza, in charge of the Pre- sidency in the absence of President Anastasio Somoza, who was operat- ed on in Panama after an assas- sination attempt last Friday, said | that there are still about 300 per- sons under arrest, who are being | questioned to determine if they | participated in the events. ones, which will be more economic- al.” Latin American News in B firmed the incarceration of 111 employees arrested yesterday and of another 6 who appeared before the court to learn the fate of their fellow workers. The workers were arrested short- ly after the start of a strike of bus employees as protest against an ‘order of the Minister of Transports discontinuing operations of routes M-4 and M5, as the addition of these two routes into the lines served by Autobuses Modernos caused paralization of Routes 2 and 4 of Cooperativa de Omnibus Alia- dos —another transportation Com- pany— when the employees of the later considered the new extensions damaging their interests, Businessmen and residents of the Arroyo Apolo and Sevilla wards, affected by the service suspension, are demanding the re-establishment. of both routes, FIRST MEXICAN WOMAN AMBASSADOR IN HISTORY MEXICO CITY—(UP) — Mrs. Amalia de Castillo Ledon became the first woman Ambassador in Mexican history. Mrs. Castillo, who has been serv- Yesterday, 75 persons were re- Jeased, said Somoza, whois now was promoted when the two gov- ernments agreed to raise their di- plomatic representations to the rank of embassies. Lennart Nylander, until now Swedish Minister here, was also raised to ambassadorial rank. SECRETARIAT OF PRESS AND RADIO BROKEN UP BUENOS AIRES—(UP) — The government’ Secretariat of Press and Radio is to be broken up into a series of official departments at- tached to various ministries, ac- cording to a plan being drawn up by Adolfo Lanus, Presidential Press Secretary. The idea is to destroy the mono- lithic and totalitarian organization built up by Perén, by de-centraliz- ing it and converting the various film, press, radio and information units into s{mple liaison offices in the government departments in- volved. i The Presidential Press Bureau will continue as now. © ‘ MEXICAN STEEL MILL GETS $26,000,000 LOAN. WASHINGTON—(UP) The Ex- rief in charge of the Presidency accord- ing to constitutional provisions, as first designee (vice:president) in| his capacity of President of Con- gress. Among those released is Emilio Chamorro Benard, presidential can- didate of the Conservative Party in the last elections. Asked if Rafael Rojas Corrales, | editor of “El Cronista” of Le6én, where the attempt took place, was i of $26,000,000 to Compafifa Fundi- dora de Hierro y Acero de Monter- -rey, S. A., of México, considered as one of the biggest steel mills of the neighboring country. This sum is destined to a program of modern- ization, and enlargement of - the mill, which cost is calculated in $35,000,000. The loan was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Bank on June 28th, and today’s act was for the signing of the respective agree- ment, The money will be spent in the purchase of equipment and machinery in the United: States: Carlos Prieto, the President of Fundidora and Evaristo Araiza, its Director - Manager signed for the Mexican Company and Samuel C. Waugh signed for the Bank of which he is President. The cere- monies were attended by Rodolfo Barragan, Agustin Legorreta and Manuel. Noriega, Subdirector, Di- rector and U. S. representative of the Fundidora respectively and ‘George J, Gillespie, who represent Luis Somoza Says There are About 300 Persons in Nicaraguan Jails THOROUGH INVESTIGATION CONTINUES IN ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT under arrest, Somoza said: “We have requested him to stay with us, but he is not under arrest. He is a friend of ours and is being in- vestigated as routine.” It has been indicated that Rojas called the at- tention of the President a short time before the assassin, Rigoberto Lopez Pérez, started to fire. bs He also said that more persons will be released during the next few days adding: “We have releas- ed all those we believe had nothing to do with the attempt.” Somoza said he had received mes- sages from all the Central Ameri- can governments offering coopera- | tion in the crisis. RECEIVES DUBOIS IAPA OFFICIAL The’ President in charge received today, among other newsmen, Jules Dubois, President of the Freedom of Press Committee of Interameri- can Press Association (IAPA). Dubois asked Somoza if Dr. Die- go Manuel Chamorro, son of. the ex-President of the same name, Was still in jail. Somoza answered yes, saying he was being investigated. Dubois transmitted a request from Chamorro’s, wife — that he be given insulin because he suffers from diabetes — and Somoza ‘said he is getting adequate treatment.” The conversation between Somo- za and Dubois ended with a state- ment by the latter, reiterating that IAPA “will not support journ- alists who try to overthrow govern- Fments by force.” Somoza answered he was’ glad to hear that, because many people bélieve that the Inter- american Press Association is “a shield for newspapermen who ‘try \to realize things alien to their the North American investors. ing as Mexican Minister to Sweden, port-Import Bank granted a loan journalistic mission.”