Diario las Américas Newspaper, August 8, 1956, Page 10

Inter-American News for English- Speaking people Cc. W. SMITH S. SMITH Vice President aVice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President, Editor and Manager @. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Eliseo Riera-Gémez Advertising and Circulation Mgr. Post Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Office o Miami Springs, Fla.. on February 8, 1956, | EDITORIAL | THE CONSTANT POSTPONEMENT OF STUDY OF INTERAMERICAN ECONOMIC PROBLEMS Although it is obvious that a great majority of For Hundreds @ better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 8, 1956 For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Member Inter American Press Association NUMBER 27 Killed, Thousands Injured in Ammunition Explosion in Colombia KNOW THY NEIGHBOR Dulles Informs Latin Americans ISOLATED REVOLT IN . ECUADOR QUITO, Aug. 7—(UP) The government reported today that the political and social problems in the modern | world are of economic character, within the Inter-| american system, unfortunately, this matter is, generally speaking, constantly sidestepped, with | the result of a harmful impasse regarding Inter- Sis daar ope esa american economic problems. _ jhe named “La Isla Espafiola”, and The Organization of American States convoked where he tablished ihe es | i uropean settlement in the lew | last Monday to a conference to be os < pis World. Sailing from Cuba, the| Aires exactly within one year, in August, 1957, 4 Great Admiral sighted the island| conference which should have been held, according on December 5. and the next day, By ANTONIO RUIZ HAITI — In December, 1492, Christopher Columbus, on his first About Serious Suez Situation WASHINGTON, Aug. 7(UP)—| mission it has assumed to maiatain Secretary of State John Foster Dul-| World peace.” | les met for one hour with repre-| Only Panamé seems to have | senatives of 20 Latin American | 80Me reserves because she was not nations today to line up Western | invited to the London conference Hemispheric support in the Suez |0n Aug. 16, where internationaliza- | Canal crisis. tion of the Suez Canal will be dis- | The State Department said Dul- | cussed. | les called the meeting to give the| Panamanian Ambassador Vallari- Latia American diplomats a report | 90 said that Dulles had explained | on plans for a 24nation confer-|the basis for the invitations was | ence Aug. 16 to deal with Egipt’s| that only countries with more than a revolutionary movement had broken out in Manabi Province. ‘The official announcement said Lt. Col. Arturo Davila, command- er of the garrison at Puertoviejo, the provincial capital, was head- ing the revolt, The Interior Ministry said the movement began last night, that it was “isolated” and that the | AS SEVEN ARMY CALI, Aug. 7 (UP) | — it ;were killed and 2,000 injured in the tragic explosion which ocurred jearly this morning. | The catastrophy, caused by the | explosion of seven trucks loaded with dynamite has been taking enormous proportions as the work of moving the debris progresses jand more victims are found, the | authorities proceeding to the sad jand slow work of counting dead jand cataloguing the wounded | Some estimates bring fears, that | EIGHT CALI CITY BLOCKS RAZED TRUCKS BLOW UP is) hicles had blown up came from au- | estimated that at least 800 persons | thoritative sources but confirmed officially Cali, capital of Cauca Valley De- partment, is a city of abou! 100,000 population. It is considered one of the most prosperous cities in Co- lombia, as the industrial and com- mercial center of the rich Cauca River Valley. ORIGIN UNDERTERMINED Brig. Gen. Alberto Gomez Are- has, military and civil chief of the Cali district, said origin of the ex- plosion was unknown, Private ad- was not to a decision taken on April 21, 1949, several years |D@y of St. Nicholas, brought his | ago. However, invoking multiple reasons, among them the Korean War, this conference planned in 1949 has been postponed until now that it has been called for the year 1957. oa The seriousness and urgency of the economic problems, those problems which always have wide repercussions in the political and social fields, re- quire prompt planning with firm determination to reach adequate solutions. To close one’s eyes to the} problem, perhaps because within the Interamerican | system this aspect of economic relations has not developed as it deserves, is to incur in a serious) error, because even if it is possible to postpone an) international conference using technicalities, it is, also true that the serious consequences this post- ponement may bring are not so easy to counteract when the matter becomes complicated and assumes | alarming proportions. | caravels to anchor in a superb har- bor on the western tip, which he named Port St. Nicholas (Now| Mole St. Nicolas). Skirting the | northern coast, he landed a few days later on the shore of what is| now called Moustique Bay. Here he raised a large cross, planted the | standard of Castile and Leén, and | took possession of the island in the fame of the Spanish sovereigns. Christmas Day dawned disastrous | ly for the intrepid Admiral of the | Ocean. While he slept aboard his flagship “Santa Maria,” the helms- | man entrusted the tiller to a young | ship’s boy, who left the little cara- | vel drift onto one of the treacher- | ous coral reefs at the entrance of Acul Bay, where its glorous Voy: | age came to and end forever. But) the loss of the “Santa Maria” pav- | ed the way for the founding of | America’s first colony. “Because it | seizure of the Canal. Informed sources s aid Dulles wants to make sure the Latin government remained in control two million tons of shipping would | throughout the country. be invited, to which the Ambassad- | or objected pointing out that Pana-| |the dead may pass the thounsand | vices, however, said a number of | mark and the wounded the three army vehicles loaded with ammuni- ee. tion had exploded A two-story military police head- | American nations understand the | m4 has more than three million. U. S.British-French Position. They| Vallarino said that Dulles gave said the United States also wants | as a reason for not inviting Panama to be able to count on support of | the fact that the majority of the the Latin American nations if the | tonage is really the property of the Suez issue eventually gets before | United States and that merchant the United Nations. ships merely are under the Pan- Dulles apparently also wants to | amanian flag. spike any notions about interna- | tionalization of the Panama Canal| “We do not agree with that, but if Suez is internationalized as the| there is nothing we can do about big three propose. Syrian Ambas-| it, said the diplomat, “while Pana- sador Farid Zeineddine made that ma has more than three million suggestion Saturday. The United | tons we feel we should have been States maintains that a treaty with | invited.” Panama gives it exclusive control! Vallarino left with the newsmen of the Panama Canal indefinitely.| the impression that Dulles had de- -PERON GETS VISA’ |FROM VENEZUELA | CARACAS, Aug. 7 (UP). | high official confirmed that Juan | Peron obtained a visa to enter Venezuela, but did not make clear | | if it was for tourism or permanent | Scene was rocked by the blast. | | residence, nor when Perén will ar- rive. | The official asked not to be tden-| It is to be hoped that the leaders of Interamer- js certain,” wrote Columbus in his| ican policies in the United States and in every one Journal, “that if I had aot run| of the Latin American Republics do not wait until Mt bus Sisce calele the situation has reached such extremes in order t0 this piace. Neither would have I| begin confronting the economic problems which left people here on this voyage.” | Dulles told the Latin American | diplomats that Britain and France might force unless Egypt adopt a more conciliatory policy. A spokesman for the diplomats in: dicated they gave Dulles their sup- port for the U. S. policy of modera- tion. mo Sevilla Sacasa, dean of the Lat- in American group, declared to | scribed the situation as gloom. The | tified. Between Venezuela and Ar- |Panamanian representative said | gentina there is a treaty of extra- that the Secretary of State had in-| 4... tii x; i |formed them that “Egypt has mo- | dition which could be invoked by ilized her army to grab the Canal.” the Aramburu provisional govern- quarters, a number of cafes, crowd- ed because it was the eve of a na- | tional holiday, and a theater were among the structures razed by the explosion. | Fires broke out in the area, add- — a|ing to the disaster. The scene of | jthe blast is only 12 blocks “from | Caicedo Square, the center of the | city. An area three miles from the Window panes were shattered and debris showered throughout the af- fected district. FREIGHT STATION A freight railway station with A later bulletin said vechicular traffie between Cali and other town could be resumed subject to examination of all outgoing vehi- cles and that incoming vehicles must carry a safe conduct pass from the military and civil commander, A United Press survey of hospit- jals, clinics an fire stations in- | ducated at least 50 dead, many in- | jured and heavy property losses, | HUGE CRATER The blast tore an enormous crat- |er in the earth, destroying nearby | buildings and breaking windows for | blocks, Its effects were felt as far |as three miles away Policemen and firemen cordoned | Vallarino indicated that in order | to avoid an armed conflict the | | United States would be glad to see | Nicaraguan Ambassador Guiller-|the problem taken to the United | crimes, | Nations. In the world organization, | here the countries of Latin Ame-| large warehouses also was in the off the area of the explosion and center of the blast. | began rescue operations at once. Across the street were a number | Fireman from a number of neigh- of buildings of two and three stor- | boring towns were called in to ies, including theatres, cafes, in- | fight fires caused by the blast. dustrial and commercial shops and Gomez detailed troops ‘to help boarding houses, | police maintain order in the city, Only a huge crater marked the | The official radio warned that any- spot where the blast occurred. one caught looting would receive The report that ammunition ve- “exemplary punishment.” | | ment to bring the ex-President to! justice for a series of common! | require collective solutions with the speed and efficiency demanded by such a delicate matter. WHAT IS THE PUERTO RICAN COMMONWEALTH? The answer to the above question appears in the Constitution ef the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. With respect and Piotr for the Puerto Rican people, and with the purpose o' Ct the Pees on some of the mew ways of Public Law. THE AMERICAS DAILY will offer to its The Indians who welcomed Co-| newspapermen: “We understand jrica, with 20 votes, will have an |lumbus with gifts of gold, food and | the situation is delicate and we | important role. Until now, on many | tobacco, were of the Arawak race. They called themselves Tainos (the good people), and their country Haiti (the mountainous country), also Quisqueya. Columbus describ- ed them as “gentle beings, hospit- | able, curious and merry, walking in beauty and possessors of a spirit- ual religion.” This virgin colony, named La Villa de la Navidad (Town of the Nativity) because it trust that the government of the | occasions the Latin Americans have | United States will succeed in the ' supported the Arab block. Colombian Supreme Court Judges Resign in Protest Against Govt. } Press Freedom is the most Powerful Instrument to Maintain World Peace DECLARES DOCTOR CAMILO PONCE, ECUADOR’S PRESIDENT ELECT QUITO, Ecuador, S. A. August ; cipals, — Camilo Ponce, 44 year old Pre- A nation steeped in po-| cultural country. We have great op in serial form, the text of the Constitution which rule : i Ft juriaie and political life of the generous Puerto Rican nation. | was Christmas Day, was founded in |the vicinity of what is now Cap- NEW YORK, Aug. 7—(UP) — An institutional crisis arose in Co- (CONTINUED) Section 7—If in a general election more than two-thirds of the members of either house are elected from one political party or from a single ticket, as both are defined by law, the number of members shall be increaSed in the following cases: (a) If the party or ticket which elected more than two-thirds of the members of either or both houses shall have obtained less than two-thirds of the total number of votes cast for the office of Governor, the number of members of the Senate or of the House of Representatives or of both bodies, whichever may be the case, shall be increased by declaring elected a sufficient number of can- didates of the minority party or parties to bring the total number of members of the minority party or parties to nine in the Senate and to seventeen in the House of Representatives. When there is more than one minority, party, said additional members shall be declared elected from among the candidates of each minority party in the proportion that the number of votes cast for the candidate | of each said parties for the office of Governor bears to the total number of votes cast for the candidates of all the minority parties for the office of Governor. When one or more minority parties shall have obtained repre- Haitien; and a fortress was built with salvage from the “Santa Ma- ria.” When Columbus sailed for | Spain in January, 1493, he left be- hind 42 colonists. A year later he returned to find the fortress in jruins and the colonists slain. The |town of Isabela, second settlement established by Columbus in 1494 was as ill-fated as the first. The “Spanish Island” became the gateway to new discoveries. Hence | Alonso de Ojeda organized his ex- |pedition to settle the mainland, leading to the discovery of the Pa- cifie Ocean by Balboa and the con- | quest of Peru by Pizarro. For two jcenturies Hispaniola remained a Spanish possession. The city of San- |to Domingo, founded in,1946 by Columbus’ brother, Bartholomew, |was the first settlement to endure | permanently. It became the capital |of Spain’s New World Empire and, |in time the whole island became |lombia on the 29th of July last, ac- |cording to news brought by travel- jers from that Latin American Re- | public. Twelve: judges of the Sup- |reme Court (nominated by General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla in 1953) resigned due to divergences with the latter. The highest court of Colombian justice is integrated by 16 judges. Two of them were en Lima to at- tend the inauguration of the new President, Manuel Prado when the incident ocurred on July 30th., and the other two, Jesus Estrada |Monsalve and Luis Buenahora did |not join the collective resignation. According to the news the diver- gence was the result of the follow- ing events: | the Republic the Supreme Court has the power to dictate opinion by majority on the Decrees that, using According to the Constitution of | any adverse decision of the Sup- eme Court, the then President Ma- iano Ospina Pérez, Conservative, | signed a decree ruling that all de- |cisions of the Court, in regard to | the governments decrees, should be jarrived at by a majority of two thirds. Ospina Pérez had decreed a | state of siege and considered at the time that the court was politic- ally hostile to him. In theory it is considered that the judges of the High Court have not political af- filiations. Lawyer Alfonso Lépez Michel- | sen, son of Liberal ex-President Al- \fonso Lopez, started proceedings | stitutional. The progress of the law suit was slow but last Jul. the Court | was ready to render its decision in |favor of Lépez Michelsen by de- claring the decree unconstitution- al. To do so the Court had the as- sent of the two thirds, and would | | to have the decree declared uncon- | the powers vested on him by the | vote in conformity with the Decree sident Elect of Ecuador, who will | take office September 1st, said that |FREEDOM OF THE PRESS was |the most important tool in the | stability of “my” or any other coun try. | “I believe a free press constitutes | the most powerful means of maint- aining world peace and developing a civilization ¢hat can live to- gether,” Dr. Ponce said. “The press should be a guardian of human | Tights. But FREEDOM OF THE PRESS does not mean abuse or the tool of privileged groups to create political instability and disturban- | ces. | Dr. Ponce continued. “Friendliness | and understanding among the peo- ples of the world are brought in- |to focus by the press. Each nation jneeds the other. Each has within | itself natural resources, agricultur- al and industrial products vital to the world’s economy. Each has a specialized “know how.” Each can | lities and intrigue is a nation weak- ened. A FREE PRESS informs ob- | jectively, accurately. - | portunities to create agriculture far beyond present day accom- plishments. While we are waiting CHILE-URUGUAY PRESS LAW | for industry to arrive om a large “No nation today can live alone,” | |to be known as Santo Domingo, or | Saint Domingue, as the French call- | ed it. sentation in a proportion equal to or greater than the proportion of votes received by their respective candidates for Governor, such state of siege, the President enacts, |that- was to be derogated. After | contribute, one to the other, to a deciding on their unconstitueionali- | passing of sentence the court would | better way of life. It is the press ty, if it'deems so. |revert to the system of a simply; that opens consciousness — that Already in November 1949 and | majority, in accordance with the |alerts intelligently. A strong na RECOMMENDED FOR ECUADOR “T would like to have a press law |in Ecuador similar to the laws for |the press in Chile and Uruguay which give the most liberal terms to the meaning of ‘FREEDOM OF THE PRESS’,” continued Dr. Pon- ce. “T will grant absolute freedom | of information to the press on all acts of my Government. I will grant | told honestly and without shading, | pro and con, — as does the press | of the United States.” ENCOURAGES FOREIGN INVESTMENT “Ecuador will welcome foreign investment during my term of of- fice. I guarantee a foreign investor the same rights as an Ecuador- ian investor. Within ourselves we are lacking in technical “know- | how.” I will welcome plans of for- eign investment to develop our na- | | tural resources, our agriculture, our | | industries,” he said. this with the understanding that | both sides of any story must be/ scale, we must devote ourselves to | the thing we know best — agricul- | ture. I will encourage all industries that emerge from an agricultural economy. Excesses that cannot be exported must be turned into sal- able commodities. Ecuador needs these types of industries to take ad- | vantage of her great banana pro- duction, her fantastic fishing re- sources, her cocoa, lumber, wool and other products. “President Ponce was most em phatic about the development of a major tourist industry. “We have cities right on the Equator that are |completely air conditioned by na- |ture. We have scenic wonders and |a way of life unique to both con- | tinents. The tourist can go from | palm fringed shores to snow cap- ped peaks in a matter of hours Ecuador has the most perfectly pre- served, completely unspoiled Span- party or parties shall not be entitled to additional members until the | representation established for each of the other minority parties | under these provisions shall have been completed. (b) If the party or ticket which elected more than two-thirds of the members of either or both houses shall have obtained more than two-thirds of the total number of votes cast for the office of Governor, and one or more minority parties shall not have elected the number of members in the Senate or in the House of Repre- sentatives or in both houses, whichever may be the case, which corresponds to the proportion of votes cast by each of them for the office of Governor, such additional number of their candidates shall be declared elected as is necessary in order to complete said pro- portion as nearly as possible, but the number of Senators of all the minority parties shall never, under this provision, be more than nine or that of Representatives more-than seventeen. In order to select additional members of the Legislative As- sembly from a minority party in accordance with these provisions, its candidates at large who have not been elected shall be the first to be declared elected in the order of the votes that they have ob- tained, and thereafter its district candidates who, not having been elected, have obtained in their respective districts the highest pro- portion of the total number of votes cast as compared to the pro- portion of votes cast in favor of other candidates of the same party not elected to an equal office in the other districts. 4 The additional Senators and Representatives whose election is declared under this section shall be considered for all purposes as Senators at Large or Representatives at Large. The measures necessary to implement these guarantees, the method of adjudicating fractions that may result from the applica- tion of the rules contained in this section, and the minimum num- ber of votes that a minority party must cast in favor of its candi- date for Governor in order to have the right to the representation provided herein shall be determined by the Legislative Assembly. (Continues Tomorrow) Before the end of the 17th cen- | tury, the struggle between the Eng- |lish, French and Spanish to win \control of the island was well un-| jder way. France’s claim to the | western third, now the Republic of Haiti, was recognized by the | Treaty of Ryswick in 1697, leaving | the Spanish in control of the east- |ern two thirds, which eventually be- \eame the Dominican Republic. Spanish Version Page 3 KUBITSCHEK HONORS SINGER BIDU SAYAO NEW YORK, Aug. 7(UP) — Brazil's Consulate General in New York announced that the Govern- ment of Juscelino Kubitschek has granted the National Order of Mer- it to the Brazilian singer Bidu Sa- yao, who resides at present in this city. The Consulate added that the de- coration will be delivered to the distinguished Brazilian soprano in a ceremony that will take place in New York on September 7th next, Brazil’s Independence Day. * It was informed that a Special Envoy of President Kubitschek will come to New York to make de- livery of the Order of Merit to Sayeo. with the purpose of overcoming | Constitution. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS | Latin American News in Brief ARGENTINE SHIP VISITS ish style cities. “It is my plan to get our share |of the $5,000,000,000 (five billion | dollars) Americans spend each year traveling. Here, agin, we need pro- | fessional “know how.” Where there are tourists there is money. It is | only when the tourist dollar is firm |on the horizon that you can expect | capital to risk investments in new hotels, added transportation, tour- |ist services and all the things that tion is built on sound business prin. | “Ecuador is essentially an agri- sario and Buenos Aires. FRANCE MARSEILLES —(UP)— The Ar- gentine schoolship “Bahia Thetis” arrived here today for an eleven- days visit. A crowd of curious, welcoming inhabitants watched the ship’s dacking at the “Quai des Belges” (Belgians’ Pier) at 9:30 (8:50 GMT) Antonio J.'M. Sierra, Consul of Argentine, and his deputy Geréni- mo Arambarri immediately went on board, together with a French liaison officer representing admiral Bosvieux, commander of Marseil- les’s Navy. Commander Alberto de Marot- te, the ship’s captain, landed for portocol calls on officials. anned by carrying 75 cadets. and 25 officers on a yearly training trip. The schoolship will remain here till August 18. Meanwhile, officers of 1952. Siles was Paz’ vice presi- lare the healthy signs of a tourist | and cadets will make a “courtesy” trip to Paris. They are scheduled back to Mar- seilles on August 13. Official re- ceptions will then take place. SECOND SILES SUAZO HEADING BOLIVIA LA PAZ, Bolivia —(UP)— Bo- livia is being governed by a Presi- dent Hernan Siles for the second time in 30 years. The 131 - year old diamond encrusted Bolivar medallion — tra- ditional badge of Bolivian presi- dents — was bestowed on the sec- ond Hernan Siles in inaugural cere- monies here Monday. The new pre- sident bears the same name as his father, who was inaugurated in 19- 27. The new Siles succeeds Victor Paz Estenssoro, who overthrew G Hugo Ballivian in the revolution dent, and one of the 13 mem- bers of his cabinet are carryovers from the prevous regime. ARGENTINA-BOLIVIA CANAL IS PLANNED BUENOS AIRES, Aug. 4(UP) Digging a 435 mile-long canal on the Bermejo River to permit navi- gation between Argentina and Bo- livia is being considered by the Ar- gentine government, it was report- ed. The old project was revived at a meeting of President Pedro E. Aramburu’s cabinet. One of the chief objectives would be to facilit- ate the movement of Bolivian pe- troleum, tin and other minerals in- to Argentina. The Bermejo is a tributary of the huge Panaré River and if canaliz- ed, it would connect the Argentine- Bolivian border with such big Ar- BRAZILIAN SHOW DISAPPOINTMENT RIO DE JANEIRO. — (UP) — Widespread disappointment among Brazilians over this week’s $154,- 000,000 U. S. Export-Import Bank loan to this country caused the U. S. dollar to rise in the free foreign exchange market for the second successive day. Expectations that the loan would be between. $800,000,000 and $1,- 000,000,000 with a resulting abund- ance of dollars in the market here, brought a drop in the dollar of nearly 10 points little over a week ago. The dollar sold at around 80 cru- zeiros each as against 73.50 on July 24. At that time, Finance Minister José M. Alkim predicted the cru- zeiro would stabilize at around 62 per dollar. gentine industrial centers as Ro- Exchange brokess and traders economy,” Dr. Ponce continued. Dr. Ponce said that Ecuador will maintain an open door policy to work and collaborate with non- Communist nations. Dr. Ponce said that his international policy shall be inspired by the principales of | Pan Americanism and the spirit of | the “Bolivarian America” and as a | Christian Democrat he will maint- jain and cultivate the relationship jof all non-Communist nations. felt that most of the proceeds of the new loan would go to pay for railway materials and electric pow- er plant equipment abroad and that few if any dollars from it would be available to the general public. Hence, the cruzeiro appeared to be returning to the rate of about 85 to the dollar which it held for more than two months, before the loan negotiations started,