Diario las Américas Newspaper, May 6, 1954, Page 8

Inter-American News for English- For Liberty, Culture and Speaking people Hemispheric Solidarity She A Hil hi "NUMBER 23 U. S. TO PROVIDE $32.5 MILLION FOR LATINS UNDER POINT FOUR IN 1955 counties wil double the amount” COLLINS VICTORY SEEMS ASSURED a | thoneefole., |ODHAM CALLS ON HIS SUPPORTERS ____] TO FAVOR COLLINS IN FINAL VOTING MIAMI, FLA., THURSDAY, MAY 6, 1954. THE AMERICAS DAILY Published by THE AMERICAS rUBLISHING COMPANY G. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher S. SMITH Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Editor and Manager Carlos E. Simons Managing Editor William H. Scharrer Head of Circulation Dept. . Ralph B. Ross Head of Advertising Dept. ae cocnat Ae tS SAE ACR ean NS, EDITORIAL INDOCHINA SHOULD SERVE AS Argentina is the only Latin American nation not! A GOOD EXAMPLE The governments of the democratic nations! should always be on the alert to the presence of Communist tactics and should not delay the fight! * against such maneuvers in every way consonant) with legal procedures whenever the need arises. Communist agents are tireless workers on beh- alf of the spread of Soviet influence. They don’t expect to achieve their goal overnight, however, and they are very adept at letting up on their propaganda campaigns whenever circumstances so demand in order for them to cause complacency on the part of those opposed to their tactics. The Indochinese incident is a case in example. Communist infiltration in the Indochinese area began several years before the actual outbreak of hostilities in that country. During the preliminary period—the softening up phase—the Communists worked with the cleverness and flexibility for which they are so well known. While the Communist gue-' rrillas were slowly making advances, people in the Western world were for the most part oblivious of what was going on, little realizing the importance of Communist achievements in the Asian sub continent, . While the war was raging in Korea and the West was preoccupied with defense of that sector, the Reds were slowly undermining French resistance in Indochina, and the other Western nations were loath! to become involved on two fronts. The Soviet Union, so to speak, was killing two birds with one stone— $t was using Korea as a diversionary maneuver while it forwarded its imperialistic pians in Indochina. Russian penetration in Southeast Asia has now reached a point where Western security is being seriously threatened, and the Soviets have achieved their purposes without the loss of a single Russian soldier, Furthermore, the cost to the Soviet Union of this campaign has been relatively little, consider- ing the type of régime which rules the destinies of Soviet-subjugated peoples. Now that all of ,China and goodly parts of both Korea and Indochina have fallen into the clutches of the Russians, the future of the rest of Asia is at stake, and the control of certain key points in Asia by the Russians means that it will now be easier for the Soviet Union to undertake the invasion of neighboring continents. Western leaders should have learned a lesson from their painful experience in Indochina, and they should by now realize that timely detection of Com-| munist softening up tactics is the best way to prey-| ent the spread of Soviet imperialism. BEGINNERS’ SPANISH BY G..B. Palacin Professor of the University of Miami, Fla, Vocabulary (Vocabulario) este (masculine) this esta (feminine) this este nifo es pequeno this child is small .. mo me gusta esta casa I don’t like this house EXERCISE Translate into Spanish: 1—This house is large. 2—This dog is small. 3—This flower is beautiful. 4—This girl is pretty. 5—This city is not large. 6—Is this sir Mr. Pérez? 7—Is Charles this boy? 8—This street is new. 9—This lady is coming from California. 10—This boy is glad. MONTHS OF THE YEAR (Meses del aio) julio July agosto August septiembre September octubre October noviembre November diciembre December enero January febrero February marzo March abril April mayo May junio June Use a small letter for months of the year. EXERCISE Translate into English: 1—Un ajfio tiene doce meses. 2—Una se- mana tiene siete dias. 3—Enero tiene treinta y un dias. 4—No- , Viembre tiene treinta dias. 5—Dos semanas tienen catorce dias. 6— Un dia tiene veinticuatro horas (hours). 7—Un mes tiene cuatro se- manas y dos o tres dias. 8—Dos anos tienen veinticuatro meses. 9— Junio tiene treinta dias. 10—Tres semanas tienen veintiun dias. Good morning, sir. Buenos dias, senor. Good afternoon Buenas tardes Good evening, and ‘ Good-bye, Miss. Adidés, senorita. Good night Buenas noches How do you do? ,Cémo esta usted? Very well, thanks, and you? Muy bien, gracias, :v usted? Very well, thank you. Muy bien, gracias, sharing the benefits of Point 4 program Dy WASHINGTON —(UP)— After | going through a year of adminis- trative reorganization, the Poini Four program is once more func- tioning normally in the Latin American area, and the program is expected to reach new heights of usefulness and efficiency during the 1955 fiscal year which wili start on July 1. The share of the U. S. in the Inter-American program is to be $32,500,000, a sum that will surely be doubled or made even greater with the contributions of personnel, installations and money that the other American republics are to make toward | KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ PANAMA — The Province of Veraguas is the only one in the Republic of Panama that crosses the entire isthmus and thus faces on both the Caribbean and the Pacifie. The original settler in this area preferred the cooler, fertile highlands of the interior to the seacoast, the capital, is situated well iniand. This is one of the oldest towns in Panama, and the importance it had during the colonial epoch may well return to it as a result of its loca- tion on the new National High-| way, midway between Panama City and David, in the western extrem- ity of the country. In recent years its trade has increased consider- ably, owing to the impulse given to agriculture in the surrounding region. Veraguas is spoken of as the granary of the republic, be- cause of the importance of its rice, corn, and other cereal crops. It also has thriving industries in the production of hogs, poultry and coffee. Another natural advantage is the location in this province of important gold and silver deposits that have been worked in varying degree from the time of the Con- quest. The National Normal School was recently moved from the ca- pital to Santiago, where it has been housed in a fine group of buildings on a modern campus. Sona, the second largest town of the provin- ce, lies on the National Highway, in a deep, fertile valley surround ed by high mountains. Near it is the inlet called Bahia Honda, a wide, calm expanse of water pro- tected from the surge of the Paci- fic beyond, where the United States fleet conducts its maneuvers while in isthmian waters. North of Santiago are several towns: San Francisco, with a much admired colonial church; Calobre, in a re- mote mountain district, a health resort especially frequented by rheumatics because of its excellent thermal waters, and Cafiazas, in whose vicinity lives a tribe of In- dians who have their own local governor and chieftain, speak their own language as well as Spanish, and weave the lovely multi-colored shopping bags offered for sale in Panama City. CHILE — The present constitu- tion of the country was adopted in 1925, and provides for a republi can form of government, with ex cutive, legislative and judicial branches. Since cabinet members are now appointed by the Presi- dent, this constitution put an end to the parliamentary system that previously had been in effect. Among its other provisions are the separation of Church and State; guarantees of complete religious liberty, and assurances of protec- tion to labor and industry. The National Congress, made up of a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies, meets regularly each year from May 21 to September 18. The term of a senator is eight years, and the Senate renews itself in part every four years. There are five senators for each of the nine provincial groups into which the country is divided for this purpose. Deputies are elected by direct vote for a four-year term. There is one deputy for every 30,000 inhabitants, or a fraction of no less than 15,000, (Snanish Version Pag. 3) the joint undertaking, and therefore Santiago, | —- = From the foregoing sum $23, 500,000 will be used for technical cooperation with 19 independent American nations and 12 depend- ent territories in the Caribbean. The remaining 9 million dollars will be used to continue an emer- | gency aid program in Bolivia that was started in the 1954 fiscal when tin prices fell drastically. Ar- | gentina is the only Latin Ameri- {ean country that does not share jin the benefits of the Point Four | program. The present fiscal year is re | garded as one of transition for the program, after its work was transferred to the Foreign Opera- tions Administration. Formerly, |the program was under the super- vision of the Technical Coopera- tion Administration, a State De partment agency. Although the Point Four pro- ‘gram in Latin America will con- |tinue as a regional operation un- |der the control of the Foreign Operations Administration, the United Press has learned that both | government officials and congres- sional leaders are disposed toward keeping the program in a sort of autonomous condition under its | name of Institute for Inter-Ame- rican Affairs, a legally constitut- ed government corporation, and | that the institute’s cooperation | service with the other American | nations will be continued as be- | fore. This disclosure, then, should | do away with any uncertainty on | the part of Institute personnel and that of the other American governments as to Washington’s intentions. M. N. Hardesty is currently serving as acting regional director of Latin American operations in |the Foreign Operations Adminis ‘tration. He has spent many years ‘in the Latin American area and) |he speaks Spanish fluently. He has | |naged to arouse renewed inter- | est in the inter-American aspects | of the program on the part of {personnel and congressional com- | mittees, a feature that makes one | lreeall the early years of the pro-| gram when it was under the su- pervision of its first director back | in 1940, Nelson A. Rockefeller. In statements made to the Unit- ed Press, Hardesty hinted that he was drawing up several projects bearing on inter-American econo- mic cooperation that might be of use to the hemispheric economic conference that is to be held in| Rio de Janeiro during the last quarter of this year. One of these projects would consists of securing the services of highly qualified American businessmen to evaluate and draw up specific plans requiring considerable financial backing. “For example,” Hardesty said, | “we might supply expert aid to | Latin American nations in order to determine the relative im- portance of projected undertak- | ings there and the justification, if any, of financing such under- takings, as well as the elabora- tion of drafts and use of materi- als that would have to be known in order to attract private fi- nancing.” Up to now, such types of aid |have been furnished by U. S. go- lvernment specialists. Hardesty feels that having the expert know- ledge of independent specialists | coming first will enable receipient countries to carry out their pro- jects on their own once the ini- tial aid has been supplied by the U. Lae Hardesty said that during the coming fiscal year the policy of using technical services supplied by American universities and pri- vate institutions in the inter-Ame- rican cooperation program will be broadened. He also attached great significance to a plan to bring more Latin American specialists to the U. S. for advanced training. “during the current fiscal year,” Hardesty pointed out, “we have 829 foreign technicians and speci- alists in training here.” As for the over-all aims of the program in the Latin American area, Hardesty said: § “We are concentrating our et- forts on the preparation of well thought out programs tending to promote more evenly balanced economic development in each country. This is reflected by an expansion of our activities in new fields. | Latin neighbors | ever, “At the start, we concentrat- We wish to express our thanks to all those people who called The Americas Daily to say that they were in accord with our endorsemenz of Le Roy Collins for governor and that they felt as we do, that Collins has demon- strated genuine concern about the need for sounder friend- ship between Florida and_ its to the south. The Americas Daily feels grati- fied that it has been instrumen- tal in orienting the thinking of Floridians of Hispanic American descent in something so v: in our public life as an election. Thanks once again, then, and be sure to turn out for the primaries on May 25. .Resignation of OAS. Secretary Accepted WASHINGTON. (UP) —The resignation of Dr. Alfredo Lle- ras Camargo as secretary ge- neral of the Organization of America States has been ae- cepted by the body’s Council. The resignation will become effective as of August 1. At the same time the Council designated June 16 as the date on which it will elect a suc- cessor for the uncompleted term of Lleras Camargo —a term that is to expire May 17, 1958. Hae 18 on Brazil by Decree RIO DE JANEIRO. —(UP)— President Getulio Vargas has an- nounced a new scale of minimum wage levels, the highest of which is 100 per cent greater. than that in the former scale, and he grant- ed all non-farm workers the bene- fits which the workers had threaten ed to call a general strike in or- der to secure. x The new minimum wage scale for the federal district (including the capital city of Rio) is 2,400 cruzeiros a month, as compared with a 1,200 cruzeiro figure which had been in effect since 1951. _ The wage scale just announced is the same as one formerly prop- |osed by ex-Labor Minister Joao Goulart to whom Vargas referred as “the workers’ protector”. How- Treasury Minister Osvaldo Aranha opposed the proposed Go- ulart scale, recommending a month- ly salary of 1,850 cruzeiros as the |top level figure. Concern has been expressed abo- ut the possible effects of the new scale on the Brazilian economic structure which Aranha has been supporting by means of import restrictions, export subsidies, anti- inflationary credit restrictions and other currency measures. Independent observers of econo- mic affairs have said that a 100 per cent boost in minimum salary scales would destroy the achieve- ments of the Aranha program. However, political observers are of the opinion that because of the proximity of elections for state fovernors and legislative represen- tatives, Vargas had to put into effect promises made by his for- mer labor minister, Goulart, in order not to lose the support of organized labor. Goulart, who was forced to re- sign his post last February, sub- sequently reassumed the presiden- cy of the Brazilian Labor party. ed on agriculture, public health and public education. However, as progress was made in those fields,"we began to concentrate on the fields of transportation, industry, mining and public ad- ministration. “Roughly speaking, 25 per- cent of the program which we intend to carry out during the coming fiscal year will be in those new fields, I feel, in par- ticular, that we can _ predict greater concern with the fields of transportation and electric- al energy which are fundament- al to any substantial broadening of Latin American economies.” SE EEEEEEEnan Lanne Joint forces may easily defeat candidate Johns | LACE ESO ESS Observers of Florida politics say that Senator LeRoy Collins achiev ed an important victory Tuesday | when he almost equalled the vote | piled up by Acting Governor Cha jley Johns —the candidate with | whom Collins will compete in run- |off primaries to be held May 25. | In fact, as of late Tuesday night almost final results showed that | Collins had piled up the impres- | sive total of 197,742 votes, while | Brailey Odham, who on acknow- |ledging defeat said that he would | support Collins’ candidacy, garner- ed 164,005 votes on his own. If figures don’t lie, then Col- lins and Odham together assembl- | ed a grand total of 361,747 votes, while Acting Governor Charley Johns got only 208,809. Accord- | ing to seasoned observers of Flo- rida politics, even if Johns suc- ceeds in obtaining several more thousand votes in the runoff | primaries later this month, the | support which Odham would throw to Collins should enable the latter to gain the governnor- ship by a margin of 100,000 votes and then some to spare. Election chiefs didn’t try to con- ceal their astonishment at the out- come of Tuesday's voting, for they had all thought that his tenure as acting governor would have provid. | ed Charley Johns with such a large | majority that the need wouldn't arise for a runoff primary, just as happened in the case of in- cumbent Congressional Represen- | tative Dante Fascell who literally | swamped his opponents. Collins supporters, as a result, have been overjoyed at the results and es- Returns Show Colli According to the latest count, | Acting Governor Charley Johns and Senator LeRoy Collins, the | two top men for the post of state governor in Tuesday’s primary elec- | tions, will have to vie with each |other in runoff primaries later in the month. The third candidate, |Brailey Odham, acknowledged de- |feat in a special broadcast from his home town of Sanford in which he urged all those who had voted for him to support the candidacy of Senator Collins. Collins was strongest in the | large populated areas of the state, while the acting governor received |his strongest support from rural areas and small towns. In runoff primaries that are to be held May 25, it appears that |Brailey Odham will support the candidacy of Collins without re- servation. The runoff primaries | will definitely decide who will be the next governor of Florida. Despite steady rains which fell all day long Tuesday in some parts of the state, large majorities of registered voters turned out for the primary elections, especially in the Miami area wh some pecially so after an announcement by Brailey Odham that he would endorse their chief’s candidacy and sk his followers to swing their upport to Collins. Another unusual! feature of Tues: day’s elections, according to poli- | tical observers, was the large voter turnout, especially in the Miami and Tampa ar All of them agreed that thi: due to the Latin American and Tampa who for the first time were able to make their weight felt in a Florida election contest in an organized manner. Numerous telephone calls were received in w: the offices of The Americas Daily | _ from Floridians of Hispanic Ame rican origin who expressed gratifi cation at the outcome of the elec tion contest —a feature of public life in Florida is open to all citizens alike, what ever their background. In addition, it was felt that en | dorsement of ator Collins’ can- |didacy by The Americas Diario s Americas | Collins’ announced sympathy with the need of intensifying relations between Florida and its Latin Ame- | rican neighbors was influential in | |determining the outcome of the voting. A number of Floridians of Hi voted for Brailey Odham in Tues da elections phoned the offices of e Americas Daily to say that they would switch their allegiance to LeRoy Collins in the runoff primaries May 25 because of the request of Odham that his sup ‘porters should do so. ns is very powerful ——o——- election booths were still open at eight p.m., an hour after official closing time, because of long lines of prospective voters who were waiting to cast their ballots. The first districts to send in the results of local voting were the usual ones —Brown’s Farm in Palm Beach county and the town of Rutland in Sumter county. The victor in the runoff elec- , tions later in the month will take loffice in January of next term Meanwhile, Acting Governor Char- ley Johns will remain in office un- til January as legal successor to the recently deceased governor, Dan McCarthy. All the candidates won heavily in their home dis- tricts —Odham in his home town of Seminole, Johns ‘in the town of Bradford and Collins in Leon county. Results which continue to arrive garnered large numbers of votes in the state, as pre-election said he would, while the Gulf Coast spot where the senator made out tained by him Tuesday. GUATEMALA CITY —(UP)— joe Anti-Communist broadcasts ask remain united and disregard government lies ge. Guatemalans to broadcasts ask radio listeners to voters of Miami | which of course | panic American origin who had | from Talahassee show that Collins | Gold Coast area of the | estimates | city of Saint Petersburg was one | best in ‘the number of votes ob- | The government announced that keep their receivers tuned in. The it is trying to locate an anti-Com-| munist radio station which oper- ates near the Honduran border. People who have listened to broadcasts from the station say that they have called on Guate- malans to remain united and “not | to believe government lies”. The independent newspaper Prensa Libre said that the radio station, which identifies itself as The Voice of Liberation, is transmitting pleas to the people of Guatemala to revolt against their government. Many people have reported | hearing the broadcasts which are beamed specially to anti-Commu- nists, and they assert that the sta- tion has stated that if is actually operating in a secret place within station plays the Guatemalan na- tional anthem and makes frequent attacks on government officials in its anti-Communist broadcasts. It has been somewhat difficult for the government to locate the radio transmitter. A radio listen- er who clearly heard the station in the city of San Marcos notified the General Workers Confedera- tion, which passed on the notice to police. Authorities have said that upon discovery of the station, those res- out that “the station is in the vernment, to defame it and over- throw it, at the cost of, who the borders of Guatemala. The knows how many innocent lives.” ponsible “will be punished accord- | ing to the law”. The officials point | service of the enemies of the go- | LEROY COLLINS ARMY UPRISING IN PARAGUAY CRUSHED Chief of police killed FORMOSA, Argentina. (UP) —Travelers ving here from Asuncion, the capital of raguay, said that a cavalry re- giment there had mutinied but that the uprising had been mastered by the government. The chief of police of Asun- cion was killed during the fracas. Latin Industrial Output now higher than farm Figures NEW OR NS —(UP) — Ale- jandro Orfil administrative of- ficial of the Pan American Union | and Argentine consul al | this city from 1949 to 1951, said |that for the first time in history industrial output has surpassed farm production in Latin America, The official predicted that Lati America would go on growing in- |dustrially with the aid of Point Four programs and United Nations | grants. Orfila” said that “this industrial prosperity” is also improving liv- jing standards in the Latin Ameri- jean area The Argentine, who came from | Washington to attend the Missis- |sippi Valley World Trade Confe- rence, asserted: “This industrial expansion began in 1949 and I feel that it will continue with the aid being afforded it by the Point Four program and such interna- tional bodies is the UNESCO.” Orfila emph ed that Colombia is presently producing all the es- | sential goods that it needs for its domestic consumers and that both Argentina and Mexico have con- sumer good surpluses. The Pan American Union of- said that ast plans are * for the economic con- that will meet in Rio de neiro next November for the pur- pose of “formulating a long ran- | ge economic policy for the Ameri- f “| cas.” Underground Radio Station Calls on Anti-Reds to Revolt in Guatemala Orfila said that military and diplomatically speaking, the Latin American nations are “definitely united”, but that their economie unity “must be strengthened.” Cuban Newswoman Calls for Understanding AUSTIN, Tex. —(UP)— The pre dent and publisher of the Havan (Cuba) Post doesn’t think tk United States can buy the frien ship of Latin-American countrie “If we are to ach solidarit in this hemisphere,” M Clar Park de Pessino said, “it canno be accomplished solely by the giv: ing or lending of....material things, but to a great extent through a better understanding of our Latin- American neighbors.” “This can be gained only through consisten efforts to convey to him the sincerity of our intentions and that irrespective of our military strength and economic importan- we the people of the United States harbor no imperialistic designs of territorial expansion, but rather stand ready and willing to fight beside them against any aggression which might constitute a threat + their national sobereignty,” sl said, °