Diario las Américas Newspaper, February 13, 1954, Page 8

Partly cloudy. Slightly cooler. Scattered showers. She { For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity MIAMI, FLA., SATURDAY FEBRUARY 13, 1954 THE AMERICAS DAILY EDITORIAL AN END MUST BE PUT NO THE TYRANNY OF COMMUNISM FOR THE SAKE OF FREEDOM Whenever democratic nations decide to clamp down on Communist activities in their midst, Soviet sympathizers raise a howl of protest ‘that their rights under democracy are being violated knowing full well that it is these very rights which enable them to carry on their nefarious activities. The agents of Moscow are very adept at this technique as they are accustomed to seizing any argument, no matter how ridiculous, to stay up their position and help them along in their campaign of proselytization and violence. In view of all this it, is inexplicable that there still are some naive non-Communists who feel that democratic régimes must show tolerance toward Communists and the type of subversion which is common to them. These naive people proceed on the assumption that .democratic practices require equal treatment for all and that even if Communism as an ideology is in‘conflict with democracy, it should nonetheless) be ‘tolerated, as it has little liklihood of making much headway. The fact of the matter is that these people really. know very little about the inmense power that can be exercised by a handful of well trained Communist agents. ‘* Nations of the democratic world must take care that in their zeal to prevent subversion from und- ermining their foundations they refrain from in- veking measures which are overly restrictive of infdividual guarantees. At the same time people who are permanently busy in an endeavor to overthrow .. @ system the benefits of which the are forever claim- be Sd themselves cannot be tolerated by democratic The democracies cannot afford to adopt the type of measures which have been taken in the So- viet Union and in Soviet satellite countries, where those who advocate anything-smacking of democracy quickly find themselves ruing the day they made such suggestions. For purposes of preventing Com- munist infiltration from implanting itself, however, certain minimum, practical measures can be ob- served and they will prove effective, too. In countries located behind the Iron Curtain no one in his right mind would dare to speak up in defense of the democratic worid and the political theory at the base of that world, for he would find that the so-called “popular courts” are well adapted to take care of dissenters and that the punishment which they mete out is swift and sure. We certainly don’t want that sort of violence to find a seat in our part of the globe, for not only would it be at odds with. our way of life but it would also give rise to fears that injustices could be committed under its sway. Considering the matter thoughtfully and seriously, though, it seems to us that Communist tyranny must be curtailed for the sake of our democratic freedoms. SPANISH LESSONS FOR BEGINNERS BY G. B. Palacin Professor of the University of Miami, Fla. LESSON 42 (d) encuentra, of encontrar to find, (el) hogar home meet han elogiado, of elogiar to praise Propone, of propomer to propose se han detenido, of detenerse to dispome, of disponer to arrange, stop, stay dispose aceptaron, of aceptar to accept (el) mueble piece of furniture (la) pelicula film Al llegar Mr. Smith a su casa, encuentra a sus amigos, y al saber que éstos saldran al dia siguiente para las Cataratas del Niagara, Propone llevarles a ver algunos lugares de Boston mientras su madre / -dispone lo necesario para poder comer a las doce y media, © fl El doctor Fernandez, su hijo y los sefiores Smith, padre e hijo, han ido en automévil a varios lugares de la Ciudad: A los visitantes ‘chilenos les han gustado mucho algunos edificios notables, entre ellos la Antigua Casa del Estado, 0 Old State House, construida en *1713 y en donde tuvieron lugar importantes actos de la Revolucién de 1776, -y las Moses Pierce-Hichborn House, en donde .vieron. mue- bles de los primeros tiempos de Boston. A las doce y media los cuatro amigos estaban ya en el hogar »de los sefiores Smith para comer. La comida ha sido excelente y _ tanto el doctor Fernandez como Carlos la han elogiado mucho. Después'de comer, Mr. Smith ha levado a ‘sus amigos a otros lugares de Boston, y a Cambridge. Esta vez no sdlo les acompafa su _ Padre, sino también la sefora Smith. En Cambridge se han detenido a Ver la famosa Universidad, sus museos, la Casa de Longfellow y el Museo de Arte Fogg. -Ha sido una visita rapida, pero con suficiente + tiempo para’ ver lo mas importante. Al salir de casa, Mr. Smith propuso, y todos aceptaron, cenar en un restaurant, para que asi la , Sefiora Smith pudiese estar con ellos toda la tarde. Por eso, hacia las siete entraron en la Picadilly Inn, del Hotel Continental, en Cam- bridge, y alli cenaron. Luego, el sefor Smith padre invité a ir al cine, donde vieron una pelicula musical; y, por Ultimo, la familia Smith acompafé a sus visitantes hasta el hotel. VENEZUELAN OFFICIALS DENY ALLEGED TARIFF INCREASES Venezuela faithful to reciprocal trade agreement signed with the United States 0 NEW YORK. —(UP)— The Ven.- | ezuelan Consulate issued an of- icial communique denying alleged increases of the Venezuelan Tariff | against certain textile items man- ufactured in the United States. | In his official statement entitled | Truth vs. Distortion, Venezuela | says it has been faithful to reci- | procal trade agreement and terms | PAA to “Operate | Guided Missile Test Range WASHINGTON. —(UP)— The Air Force has announced it has | awarded Pan American World Air- ways a contract to help operate the guided missile test range ex- tending from Cocoa, Fla., out over | the Atlantic. Radio Corporation of America will operate electronic equipment under sub-coniract to Pan Ame- rican. The range extends from the Air Force missile test center at Cocoa through the area bounded by the Bahamas, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. The distance from the launching site on Cape Cavaveral to Puerto Rico is 1,000 miles. It was understood that Pan Am- | erican expects to employ from 1,500 to 2,000 people on the pro- ject. The airiine apparently was chosen because it has air bases throughout the area. It was understood Pan American will track missiles from the launch- ing site and from the seven sites along the island chain, and will | provide warning of missile firings | to aircraft and other vehicles. | between the two countries. as untrue the information publish- | ed by the Commerce and Indus. try Association of New York an-| nouncing supposed Venezuelan in- creases in duties on certain items of ladies’ apparel. The Consulate says that “at no} time has the Association approach- | ed the Consulate General with any | specific grievances of any of its bona fide members against the alleged tariff increases.” | It also terms as distortion “that | the protest is bases on the false asumption that Venezuela ‘i tinually raising her custom ta and is not living up to the spi of reciprocity which should gover U Venezuelan trade relation: ‘That the so-called “protest” was not duly approved by the Board of Directors after due verifications | of the alleged charges. It merely | reflects personal views bases on hearsay information supplied by undisclosed “exporters”. “That at no teim a through in-} vestigation was made of the true background of the situation and | that an accusation has been made | that is in itself malicious when | facts are distorted to surprise those that are not well informed.” “The truth is”, the communique says, “that foreign trade between Venezuela and the United States is governed by the Reciprocal Trade Agreement of 1952 in force Ven- ezuela is living up religiously to} the letter an spirit of this agree-| ment.” Referring to the denuntiations of “certain exporters” which are not identified by the Association, the Venezuelan note says: “The few textile items mentioned by ‘the exporters’ in the ‘protest’ | items. This means that Venezuela |is free, from -a viewpoint of its | ment foresees the advisability of were not included, by mutual agreement of the signatory par- ties, in the Reciprocal Trade Agre. ement, which covers hundreds of international commitments, to in- crease its tariff in the case of those excluded items without be- jing accused of any breach of the spirit of reciprocity. “The Reciprocal Trade Agree protecting the development of cer- ; tain local industries in Venezuela. However, these industries would use raw materials, machinery and supplies, which would be imported from the United States in con- siderable quantities enjoying a pre- ferential tariff treatment under the Agreement. The note adds: “Yet, Venezuela has not taken full advantage of this ‘escape clause’ in the agree- ment, and the charge that Vene- zuela has increased in the past year by a “100 per cent or more’ its tariff on items not covered by the agreement completely lacks foundation.” The official statement ended by saying that ‘the spectacular in-| crease of U.S. exports to Venezue- Ja in the last five years bears witness to the fact that Venezuela, far from hindering the free flow of trade, is encouraging it by all means at its disposal. The Vene zuelan imports of U.S. goods an reached the sensational figure of 2.6 billion dollars and the imports for the current year, judging by the trend already observed, will be much higher than the corres- ponding figure for any previous | year.” GUATEMALAN MINISTER TORIELLO IGNORES COMMUNISTS THREATS : geile 1 223 They only ‘indicate that freedom of expression prevails: in Guatemala, he says According to an interview held by Milton Bracker of the N. Y. Times with Guatemalan Foreign Minister Guillermo Toriello, who until a few weeks ago was Am- bassador to Washington, Toriello | said that “the aims of the Com-| munists and the government run | ‘parallel!””. During the interview Toriello | seemed very much interested in| | ment on an editorial published yesterday by the Communist daily Tribuna Popuzar which read as follows: “With regard to the Guatemalan Labor Party (Communist Party), it is knownt that it firmly supports the government of Colonel Arbenz without by this ‘identification’ with it, considering the present govern- ment to be identical with the one showing that “the Guatemalan gov- | that will be installed in Guatemala ernment was not Communist”. He | when the needs for further econo- added that it was fully alert to| mie development of the country threats from both right and left| demand it and the majority of and was determinedt o maintain | the people’ approve it.” and was determined to maintain) A ration”. | Toriello said he was not a Com- When questioned about a pos- munist, and that hence al don’t sible parallel to what had hap- | know exactly what their aims are pened in Eastern European coun- | or what they’re thinking.” He pre- tries such as Czechoslovakia, where Communism maneuvered in- to power, Toriello rejected such a | suggestion. “Such a development is not pos- sible”, he said. “Czechoslovakia is in the geographical region of the | Soviet Union. We are in the geo-| graphical region of the United | States.” Bracker asked Toriello to com- ferred to regard such public state- ments by the Reds as indicating | the absolute freedom of expression that prevailed in Guatemala. Referring to the proposal of Sen- ator Margaret Chase Smith, Maine Republican, to authorize President Eisenhower to halt purchases of Guatemalan coffee, Toriello said that such a step would constitute “economic aggression.” BRAZILIAN COFFEE OFFICIAL STATES GILLETTE BILL WON’T REDUCE PRICES The measure is considered “unfriendly” WASHINGTON. —(UP)— Oc- tavio Paranagua, the Brazilian re- presentative on the Inter-American Economie and Social Council, war- ned that approval of the Gillete pill would place coffee markets in the United States under gov- ernment contro: and would be likely to provoke retaliation by other countries. ‘ The’ Brazilian representative made this statement shortly before the Council approved a resolution in which an alleged campaign un- derway in the United States against coffee consumption was denounced. I don’t biliew that amyonc bill will force coifee prices down, but we must consider that proposal as unfriendly, and I believe that it might cause reprisals on the part of other countries. Moreover, thought of that when the bill was being considered,” Paranagua said. Senhor Paranagua refused to reveal what kind of reprisals might be taken by countries affected by the measure, when reporters inter- viewed him following the end of the Council session. “I have nothing to add to my statements,” he said. ‘ The Gillette bill was previously unanimously approved by the Sen- ate. If it is also approved by the House of Representatives and sign- ed by the President, the measure will place dealings of the Coffee and Sugar Exchange in New York under the control of the Federal Trade~ Commission, the agency charged with supervising market- ing of commodities in the United States. Senator Guy Gillette, who prop- osed the measure under discussion, |has vener held that the federal control advocated by him would bring coffee prices down, yet he did hold that this control would prevent speculation and hoarding which, according to him, have caused unnecessary increases int the price of that commod yti Pa- nagua states that coffee price rises had not been caused by speculation. He said, “Speculation has never given rise to lasting high prices. What we have seen and must con- tinue to expect is gradually higher prices for coffee because of in- creases in wages and costs, higher living standards in Brazil and steady rises in. costs of manufac- tured goods which must be import- ed by Brazil.” Sr. Paranagua asserted that in| recent weeks coffee had become a} “scapegoat” in the United States. “Coffee has become something that the housewife is encouraged to complain about. Once there was a vice president in this country who said that what the United | States needed was a good five- cent cigar. Now we are confronted with the same sort of thing. The shout being heard is that what the country needs is a good five- cent cup of coffee.” ‘ GOLDEN DAYS IN BRAZIL CUIBA, Brazil. —(UP)— The ancient prospector’s dream of “streets paved with gold” all but came true this week in this town in the Matto Grosso backwoods of Brazil. Heavy rains washed chunks of raw gold from an undetermined source into the business district. One nugget weighing about two ! ounces was picked up within 500 yards of the center of town, and) | by Among the many names men- tioned in and government circle to a possible suc or for John Moors Cabot as A: ant Secretary of Legislation on Mexican Farm Labor Approved WASHINGTON. —(UP)—- The House agriculture committee ap. proved legislation to permit the government to resume importing Mexican farm labor without Mex ico's consent. The measure would allow the Labor department to recruit Mex- icans at the southwest border for employment by American farmers and ranchers. Such recruiting was halted last friday after the Comptroller Gen eral ruled present law does not authorize it in the absence of 2 U.S. Mexican agreement. The last such agreement expired Jan. 15 The farmers favor -and the AFL and CIO oppose- resumption of the program without agreement Mexico. President Eisenhower disclosed hat negotiations would be resum- Robert C. Goodwin, director of the Labor Department’s Bureau of Unemployment Security, testifi- ed that the legislation is needed to strengthen the hand of U.S. ne- gotiators, and to give them an al- ternative in the event - no agree. ment is reached. Washington diplomatic | tate in charge of Latin American | candidates ee | > most likely nted for the pe r Holland, Holland lived in affair be apr to be from Te: me. Other people have been discuss. ing Dr. Milton E hower, the President's bri a candidate ulthou e possibility of his ap oint it is considered to be re mote. Apparently Dr. | does not want t post at Pennsylvania Those who think senhower as € for the i r State |ment post base their opir the fact that Dr jeved such gre }eent trip to n | special envoy of P: | hower. | Other men mentionec ments | Ro | oO | assista | vious | the U.S. mocra' administration ambassador in Rio de Ja- |neiro, James F. Kemper, and Wil | m Burden. Kemper had a talk recently with President Eisenho: | wer. | According to a Washington dis: patch published by the New York Times, some observers have at | tributed Mr. Cabot’s decision to |ask for another post to disagree- ment with other officials over U.S products in the last five years | ed at the request of Mexico. But | economic policy toward Latin Ame rica. The dispatch said t M. Humphre: 3 the treasury, has | position to policies | Cabot, whe urged gr Export-Import | development loan: at George use of for meri- er Mexico for a ed by Mr. | Henry Holland Likely to Succeed Cabot in Latin American Division Dr. Milton Eisenhower, Nelson Rockefeller and others mentioned as possible d the role of the that its loans should term purposes only. to Mr. Dulles dated Cabot said the past year, I have try to carry out the dent’s and your wishes to im- our hemispheric relations. In doing this, I have found it a hat my experience has inantly in the foreign whereas the prob- in the foreign incial fields, and requires extensive domestie political ort r r Dur earn¢ Pre pr solution s in the Under these circumstances I have reached the conviction that their solution might be easier for someone whose training and ex- perience was in these fields. I shall re leaving the sphere of Latin American relations, but shall hope that I may be of service in that respect in an appropriate capacity at some future date.” Secretary Dulles replied to Mr. Cabot from Berlin, saying: “I agree that under the conditions which now prevail, our problems in this | hemisphere revolve primarily aro- und economic and trade factors rather than on purely political factors.” “Tam indeed, highly satisfied with the skill which you have shown and particularly with the important contributions you have made to the success of the mission headed by Dr. Milton Eisenhower.” “In this and other ways you | have done much to dispel the fear of our neighbors to the south that we consider them to be of secon- dary importance”, a newsman found a slightly small- er one in his back yard. INCREASED TEA Coffee drinkers r |informed government circles ex- pect that as a result ofh igher coffee prices, there will be a con- siderable increase in the consump- tion of tea in the United States, but that chocolate will fail to gain much favor among consumers be- | cause of the high price of cacao. The idea that most Americans will shift from coffeet ot ea drink- ing is looked on with scepticism, since these people have been avid now. Some consumers have already undertaken a campaign to replace coffee with tea, and this develop- ment follows close on the heels of the fact that tea-growing coun- tries and tea merchants in the United States are presently well organized to carry out a well co- ordinated publicity campaign. How- ever, people who know say that the public’s drinking habits change slowly and that any increase in tea consumption would be more likely to come about as a result of a pu- blicity and sales campaign than from a desire on the part of con- sumers to replace one beverage with another, Cacao is already considered a} relatively “scarse” item, and there | are indications of this to be found in the fact that confectioners are annoyed at present prices being commanded by cacao, andt hey are resorting more and more to the use of vegetable oils and co- coa butter in their confections. | The campaign against coffee | priceh ikes started shortly after | the United States Tea Council an- | nounced the beginning of an in- tensive program aimed at increas- ing tea consumption among Amer- | icans. | This council is a non-profit or- ganization owned by the govern- | ments of India, Ceylon and In-) donesia and by the American Tea Association. It is endowed with an ample budget for the purpose | of encouraging tea sales and con- sumption in the United States. Experts in the American govern- ment are of the opinion that tea- coffee drinkers for so many years | CONSUMPTION EXPECTED AS RESULT OF ANTI COFFEE CAMPAIGN eciuctant to shift to take care of any increased bus- iness in tea sumers in the United States. Prin cipal sources of supply would be exports small amounts of green tea, but present consumption in the United States is almost ex- clusively of black tea. In case it wanted to take advantage of in- creased tea consumption United States then, Japan would have to shift from green to. black tea production. Other tea-growing countries are Formosa, British | several South American countri | whose output, however, is so low that it figures on statistical tables only under the heading of “other countries”, The government experts consult- ed by the United Press say that tea consumption in the United States in 1953 amounted to .65 Ibs. per capita. The history of tea consumption last 150 years showst hat present rates of consumption are abnor- mally low, mainly because inter- national markets for tea were dis- rupted during the First and Se- cond World War. Between 1891 and 1895, for example, tea con- sumption in the United States re ached the figure of 1.34 lbs. per capita. In accordance with estimates furnished by the government, in 1953 the United States imported 104,998,000 lbs. ‘of tea. follows: 1952- 93,443,000 Ibs. valued at $39,325,000 averaging 42.1 cents a pound. 1951- 86,775,000 Ibs. valued $40,755,000 averaging 47 cents a pound, 1950- 114,570,000 Ibs. valued at $53,082,000, averaging 52 cents a! pound, 193£-1939 (annual average) 88,538,000 Ibs. valued at $19,163, 000, at an average price of 21.6 cents a pound. i demanded by con-| Ceylon, India and Indonesia. Japan | in the | | West Africa and Mozambique and | in the United States duringt he! Figures for former years are as | at | | WASHING | Inter-Ameri n } cial Council | widest publicity po: solution denouncir campaign of pro boyeott of co United State mispheric — The : and So- urging Z in the to he darity and trade. s_ described tion of a lution approv | The vote, which w as an indir | strongly wor ,ed by the C commission the only d 15 to ing vote being i, WASHINGTON. —(UP)-— Well | growing countries would be able cast by the United States. | Panama and Paraguay abstained from voting, while Haiti | duras were absent from the meet | ing. The vote in the coffee commis- sion, which is composed of 14 na- tions, was he ry 4 and ; turned out affirmatively, 11 to 1, the United States enting | The Council vote w: ignificant in that it found Argentina, Chile, Uruguay and Bolivia on the side the much debated coffee question | ru in ¢ introduced the resolution indirectly approved the coffee com mission’s findings. Ambassador Mervyn Bahan from the United States told the Council that his country’s position hadn’t changed a bit from what it had been when | mission held its | last week. ll-hour session The United States refused to go { along with the wording of the re. solution, which accused “individu- als” in the United States of pub- lically encouraging “the campaign against coffee consumption” as a way of forcing down presently | high coffee prices. | led States yielded to no count lin its enthusiasm for hemispheri good will and solidarity and agreed ; fully that the real reason for the sudden r. in coffee prices should be made known. | “But I do not believe that this resolution serves our mutual in- terests,” he concluded. The Pa Julio Hi his gover! cause it f anamanian representative, matte, announced that ent was abstaining be- t that the resolution overtones and that ore exceed jurisdiction by momie and Social Council, ibed by Heurtematte as a “technical” agency. The Paraguayan representative, ial coffee | and Hon- | Chilean delegate Victor Vergara | which | the coffee com- | Bohan emphasized that the Unit- | Anti-Coffee Publicity Campaign Denounced By Economic Council U. S. OUTVOTED BY LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES SE AA De Persio da Silva, said that his abs- tention was due to the strong wording of the resolution. He said that it was all right to censure a government for having acted im- ly in an attempt to influ- forces of supply and de- mand, “but this resolution is aimed at private ind E and groups a advocating ned to protect them- nsumers.” the Da Silva said he was sure that other governments of the Ameri- cas would not hesitate to defend ight of its citizens to protest ja ist the high price of imported Zoods. Alfonso Patifio, the Colombian opened the debate by say- all governments of the Americas should give their support to the coffee commission resolu- tion. He expounded on Colombia’s position which, according to him, was that coffee consuming coun- tries should not try to interfere with the rise in coffee prices, “which obey the forces of supply and demand.” At the same time he reiterated Colombia demands for carrying the whole matter to the inter- American conference to meet soon lat Caracas. ! A resolution introduced by Pa- tino for that purpose was rejected by a vote of 7 to 1. Patifo said: “We representatives from coffee-growing countries can be sure that the U.S. government will not single out coffee for spe- cial treatment, but on the other d will do all it can to prevent nti-coffee campaign which has undertaken in an effort to | defy the laws of supply and de- | mand from continuing to be a | source of concern. Simultaneously jand in accordance with what its e nad to say during the commission debates, we | must trust that the United States, | just as all other member countries of the Organization of American | States, will adhere strictly and ful- ly to the resolution approved by | the commission last week to the effect that anti-coffee campaigns and measures are contrary to in- ter-American solidarity and harm- | ful to the good understanding that ‘should exist among the nations of this hemisphere. The resolution | also recommends that governments use all means at their disposal to counteract and prevent cons- | piracies and campaigns against | coffee consumption, even using all those collective steps afforded | by agencies of our regional sys- tem.” | the | bee