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THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1897 OCTOBER 24, 1307 JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprictor. Address All Communications to W. S. LEAKE, Manager. l;uaLchTION OFFICE.... 710 Markel street, San Francisco +oeewB17 Clay streot Telephone Main 1863. EDITORIAL ROOMS. THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL (DAILY AND SUNDAY) fs served by carriers in this city and sursounding towns for 15 cents a week. By mail §6 per year; per month 65 cents. THE WEEKLY CALL.... ...One year, by mail, $1.50 OAKLAND OFFICE ..908 Broadwzy e NEW YORK OFFICE. . BRANCH OFFICES—527 Montgomery street, corner Clay; opén until 9:30 o'clock. 339 Hayes street; open unul 9:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin stree en until 9:30 o’clock. SW. corner Sixteenth and 18 Mission street; open until 9 o'cleck. 1505 . cormer Twenty-second .Roowmns 31 and 32, 34 Park Row. until 9 o'clock. 143 Ninth street Polk street; open until 9:30 o’clock. and Kentucky streets; open till 9 o'clock. 'I—'HEVCHARTER QUESTION AGAIN. V. KELLY, a member of the Charter Commitiee of One D Hundred, has taken exception to THE CaLL's charge * that a certain newspaper has been consulted altogether too much in the work of making the charter which the com- mittee will soon submit to public scrutiny, He denies that the instrument has been ‘“developed’’ in the office of the jour- nal referred to, and calls on us for the evidence upon which our intimation was based. 1f Mr. Kelly will carefully examine the files of the Mission- street newspaper he will discover that from the inception of the Committee of One Hundred thai sheet has not only con- stantly essayed to direct the deliberations of the committee, but that it has recently undertaken to force upon the Demo- cratic County Committee the nomination of a Board of Free- holders who will adopt the committee’s charter in its en- tirety. We think Mr. Kelly will concede—when he considers the reputation of the sheet in question for honest effort in zov- ernment—that we were privileged to assume that the commit- tee’s charter had received the aporoval of the Mission-street politicians, and that it had to some extent (metaphorically, at least) been ‘“‘developed” in their office. Our characterization of the matter meant nothing more than that the Mission-street yellow fellows were taking more interest in the charter than was good for the people. The point we have made is simply that if the charter of the Committee of One Hundred is a good charter it will not suffer by being subjected to the scrutiny of a non-partisan Board of Freeholders. Organic law should never be adopted hastily, Nor should such law represent the interests of factions or sub- serve the ends of corporate or vrivate schemes. Constitutions and charters are made for posterity, and they should set forth only imperishable principles, and establish governmental sys- tems which preserve the rights of every class and maintain the public interest. For political factions to quarrel over the adoption of a charter is little less than an offense against the entire community. Moreover, the Committee of One Hundred certain to lose its charter if it consents to any scheme for making it the subject of political contention. All the work it has done will be thrown away. The people will never adopt an organic law for this city, except it practically mests the approval of all classes. Besides the Republican and Democratic County Com- mittees are alone authorized by law to nominate Freenolders. Should it come down to a contest, the board selected by the Committee of One Hundred would have to go on the ticket by petition—something that would great!y weaken its candidates and its charter. Doubtless there are many good things in the committee’s charter; the entire document, indeed, may be ac- ceptable to the people and be ultimately adopted, but it will never do to force it in the way proposed by the Mission-street newspaper manipulators, The committee’s only safe plan is to unite for non-partlsan action. It is certsin that the Republican and Democratic County Committees will meet it more than half way and aia it in securing the nomination of a Board of Freeholders who will at once command the confidence of the community and lift the whole charter question out of the political quagmire Into which -itis sure to be engulfed if it becomes the subject of a factional contest. There is something vague in the statement of a murderer now hiding in the mountains that he will never be taken alive. If he will only consent to be taken dead, people will agree to be thoroughly satisfied with the arrangement. They are tired of bothering with live murderers, who not ounly insist in re- maining this way, but are impudent about it as they fatten at ease. R Some meddlesome correspondent has ferreted out a ro- mance based upon the fact that Mr. Bryan recently met a nun and found her to be an old acquaintance. This is slender ma- terial, and mighty small business anyhow. In the first place, it is none of the correspondent’s affair. Since Uncle Sam no longer has land enough to give us all a farm, in the good old days, his apparent willingness to take care of vur money, so that we can in time buy a farm, wiil be appreciatea. GREAT BRITAIN AND BIMETALLISM. ORD SALISBURY has made the reply ‘ot Great Britain L to the proposal of the bimetallic commission headed by Senator Wolcott. Having felt the pu!'se Jof the British people by the; suggestion that the Bank of England should maintain a part of its reserves in silver, and having found the gold forces not only strong but aggressive, he has informed Embessador Hay that Great Britain cannot accede to the American proposals and that he cannot see the desirability of an international mouetary conference. The statement of Salisbury may be taken as the settled re solve of Great Britain. It isnot likely there will ever be in power in that country at any time in the near futurea Min- Istry more favorable to bimetallism than the present one. Some of the most eminent members of the Salisbury Cabinet are strong advocates of the remonetization of silver and have repeatedly declared themselves in favor of taking steps to bring it about. If there had been the slightest chance, thereforo, of getting any strong support from the country Salisbury would have willingly acted with the United States in the mat- fer, and his letter declining to do so can be regarded in no bther light than a declaration that the power of public opinion m England is opposea to any further agitation of the monetary standard. Great Britain stands for gold and will not consider ‘he subject as one open for debate. As, according to Embassador White, Germany will follow !he course of Great Britain, it is probable the Salisbury letter has put an end to the whole scheme of an international confer- :nce. Certainly it would be useless to hold such u conference i Great Britain and Germany stand aloof. For the present at iny rate international bimetallism has ceased to be a practical ssue. Senator Wolcott might as well come home. The proposed international conference was undertaken by ihe administration in good faith as a fulfillment of the pledge »f the Repabiican platform in the last campaign. It was right hat an earnest eftort shonid be made to keep that pledge as well as all others In the platform, but nothing is lost to the United States by the refusal of Great Britain and Germany to join in the conference. In this country, as in England, the majority of the people tre in favor of the goid standard and are opposed to any fur- ther agitation of the subject. When such issues are raised they listurb tinance, interfere with business, injure trade, cneck in- lustry, and by creating doubt and uncertainty in the publie nind come near to paralyzing enterprises of all kinds. The noney question was fought to a finish in the eampaign against Bryanism, and the conservative common-sense of the American seople is as much opposed as that of the British people to any- hing that will tend to keep the issue in politics, HAWAII AND THE CHINESE. HAT will it profit California in her struggle against WAslatlc immigration to annex Hawaii with more than 20,000 coolie laborers? We have found it impossible to wholly exclude Chinese, even when the door of admission is at our own city, subject to the guardianship of our own vigi- lance and earnestness, How shall we exclude them when the door is placed 2000 miles away, guarded only by planters who wish coolie labor? If the wily Mongolian can sneak in at San Francisco will he not walk in at his ease at Honolulu? We have had ample experience of the difficulty of protect- ing our frontier against the coolie invasion. The records of our courts are fuil of instances of contests between American law and American watchfulness on one side and Chinese ingenuity and corruption on the other. The victory has not been a'ways on the side of the law. In spite of all that Federal officials could do, in spite of a public opinion raised to the point of in- dignation, in spite of the crusading zeal of labor unions, in spite of the incessant warnings of an aroused press, in spite of all the forces of the community, some thousands of Chinese have made their unlawful way into the United States through the doors of San Francisco itself. What will prevent their coming through the doors at Honolulu? We publish in another column this morning a full review of the lessons taught by this experience. Attention is recalled to the days when by means of habeas corpus writs Chinese were brought through the courts into the country by thou- sands. The frauds involved in this immigration were notori- ous. Ona single ship 6o Chinese were brought to the United States, and all of them were landed. It is estimated that $120,0c0 was paid out in corruption fees to procure the admis- sion of this cargo alone. The evil grew in extent, and twice the Federal Grand Jury took action to suppress it. This is the record in San Francisco, where the great mass of the peo- ple are opposed to Chinese immigration, where the Judges and other law officers are representative of that sentiment and sympathizers with it. What will be the record at Honolulu, where the planters will demand more coolies for their planta- tions and where the law officers will be very likely to sympa- thize with them and inclined to bend the law to help them? It is not from the past only that a warning comes. The current news of the time abounds with illustrations of the menacing danger. It was but a few days ago that Colonel Scharff, inspector for the southern district of New York, re- signed the office for the expressly stated reason that so many Chinese are admitted with the connivance of the Government officials, all along the northern border, that the pretense of excluding them is a farce in which he was unwilling to take part. ““Men in the employment of the Government are mak- ing $15,000 a year each from the illegal importation of Chinese,” says Colonel Scharff, and he adds, *1I have never been able to bring about the dismissal of any of the men en- gaged in smuggling Chinese in aided by their official posi- tions.”” If these things are done along the northern border of States where white labor has a voice, a vote, an influence and a power to oppose the wrongdoers, what will be done in Hawaii, where labor is weak and wealth demands coo'ies? Another warning of the time comes to us from Seattle, where a Federal Judge has on a technical point of law declared null and void one of the checks used by the Treasury Depart- ment to bar the Chinese from our country. If a Judge can be found to defy public opinion and ignore public expediency so far as to set aside the established precedents of law in order to make way for incoming Chinese, what could we expect of Judges chosen from the Eastern States, where public sentiment is indifferent on the subject, and sent to hold court in Honolulu, where there exists a dominating desire for Chinese labor ? These are serious questions. The fear of an Asiatic in- vasion is neither a bugaboo nor a superstition. It is an ever present and menacing danger. The new era in China means an era of emigration on the part of her crowded millions. The Mongolian hive is swarming. We must shut them from America or they will ruin our civilization as locusts destroy a harvest. We can with difficulty bar the door at San Francisco. Could we close it at ail at Honolulu ? The young man in Sacramento who went into the larceny business and having been caught claims to be the victim of kieptomania has made a grievous error. The first requisite of a succes:tul kleptomaniac is to be a girl, young and pretty, capable of a copiously b2autiful remorse, and always careful to steal nothing of value. In this particular line of industry the men have no chance and might as well retire in advance of the police. WEBSTER ON THE HAWAIIANS. HE Chronicle says that the memorial on annexation ad- dressed to our people and Government by the Hawaiians will nave no weight with Congress, and adds: “Questions about new territory have never been referred by our Govern- ment, or any other, 1o a vote of aboriginal natives. If that had not been the rule the greater part of America and all of Africa would now be unclvilizea.” This attempt to make it appear that the Hawaiians are still in aboriginal conditions and therefore are to be treated like the primitive Indians of this country, the African negroes and the Bushmen of Australia is peculiarly brazen. The official report on the islands, issued from the Bureau of American Republics at Washington, which is intended to strengthen the cause of annexalion, quotes the report made by Daniel Webster, Secretary of State, inclosing the report of the Hawaiian Commissioners of 1842, in which this occur: “The language has been reduced to visible and systematic form and is now written by & large and respectable portion of the people. Schools have been established throughout the dominion, and the e but few among the younger people who are unable to read. They have now in their own lancuage a library, covering a considerable variety of books on many subjects, embracing the Holy Soripwures, works on natural history, civil history, chureh bhistory, geography, political econtomy, mathematics and statute law, besides a number of elementary books. A code of laws, both civil and criminal, hae been enacted and published.” With that beginning in educa- tion and letters more than a half century ago, the Hawatians have continually progressed until, tnis report says: “The country churches of the Protestant denominations are chiefly conducled by Hawalian pastors. There is an excellent system of free public schools. The children are instructed in writiag, reading, composition, arithmetic dnd geography. There is no district, however remote, in which there is not a school. 7The only people who cannot read_and write are those who come from abroad. Those born in the isiands are com pelled by law to take advantage of the education offered.” The churcaes for worship and religious instruction and the schools for secular teaching are not the creation of the Dole oligarchy. It has built no churches and founded no schools. That was done under the native Government, when the Ha- waiians managed their own affairs and developed their own civilization. Tais official document issned by our Government aflirms the results that have crowned the devotion of the natives to learning and institutions of civilization, and proves that the only illiterates are those who come from abroad and that every native can read and write. Of what other people on earth can the sme be said ? Yet the Chronicle and Senator Morgan treat them as sav- ages and propose to take their birthright against their protest. This modern Enoch Arden business is getting stale, Men who leave home, stay away for years, and then go back, ex- pecting 1o be welcomed, deserve 10 have the dog set on them and to be weited with the family broom until ready to go away again, under a solemn pledge to make the second absence per- manent. Mr. Huntington, in paying a fine of $25000 in Texss for having broken the law, doubtless experienced a surprise almost painiul. It has been for o long his habit to defy the statutes that he may have thought he could suspend them at will else- J where just as be does in Califoraia. | THE PRESS AND THE PUBLIC. DDRESSES made to the assembled editors at the annual A meeting cf the State Press Asscciation iliustrate very strikingly ti:e differencs between therelation editors bear to the public and thatof men engaged in any other industry; | ©f: perhaps it would be more accurate to say the relation of the Public to editors and the expectations it has of them. Speakers invited to address a convention of men belonging to some particular industry talk to them on subjects affecting the interests of that industry. It matters not if the orator knows nothing of the business in which his kearers are engazed he nevertbeless talks of it. It is considered one of the fixed rufes of oratorical courtesy that all talks to gatherings of an industrial or professional character should deal with subjects of importance {o that particular trade or calling. Thus a lawyer invited to speak before a farmers’ club will talk of farming, and if a farmer were chosen to address a meeting of the bar associa- tion he would talk of law. It is difierent when it comes to editors. When the press as<o- ciation assembles each invited orator addresses the convention not on some topic of journalism or some feature of newspaper | business, but on the particular enterprise, reform or movement the orator himself wishes to promote. The sveaker who woutd | be most careful to speak only of mining to miners anad of dairy- ing to dairymen will set bimself free from all trammels and talk of his own hobby when he gets a chance to address news- | paver men. One orator will call for a universal editorial sup- | vortof good roads, another counsels an agitation in favor of | large county grants for a State exhibit and a third urges the | importance of independent politics and advises the editors lo get in and make the fight for it. Tt seems that every orator invited to speak to an assembly of editors sees in tne occasion a chance to put his pet axon a multitude of grindstones at one swoop and get the grinding done free. This implies a confidence in the public spirit of | newspaper men that isin the highest d egree comforting to the | | same distance west at 10 T present the venturesome colony of the Yukon region isen- A tirely absorbed in the possibilities of the earth’s suriace imme- distely underneath, but later ou, when a sizable city spans the gold-strewn banks, its unique site, gecgraplic and astronemic, will be readily recognized. Archangel, a seaport of Northern Russia,in latitude 64 deg. 32 min., owes its population of 20.000 inhabitaits to the commereial importance of its position, and with golden foundation stones the growth of a much larger city is no doubt insured even among the inland glaciersof Alaska. Peculiar in climaie and scenery, it will alsobe peculiarin its firmament, for the Klondike district, though about 150 miles south of the Arctic circle, shares 1o a great extent the | phenomena of polar zones, especially- as atmospheric refraction is there a powerful factor in the visibility of celesiial phenomana near the horizon. The Arctie circle is not merely an arbitrary yaralle! of latitude but a nutural boundary created, like the equater, millions of ages 2go, when the rotatory motion of the earth first ssserted its predom- inating tendency. As is well known, the duration of day and nigh? is equal througbout the inhabitable earth at the time of the equis noxes, and in north latitude 64-5 deg., which includes the gold fieids. the rapidly lengtheuing day gains nine hours betwien March 21 and midsumme: At the latter season the sun rises about 227 degrees east of the point directly north at 1:30 lock in the mornindend sets at the 0 in the evening. Thus deseribing seven® eighths of a circle, it beams on the vegetating vallsys and snowy mountsins for twenty-one continuous hours, and when on the meri- dian at noon attains an altitude of 49 degrees, whic is 20 degrees higher than the midwinter sun of San Francisco. Thislong continu- ance of sunshine, that is not more oblique than that>f the winter sun of Southern Mexico, sometimes causes the thermcmster to range beyond 100 cegrees Fahrenh: Though the waters ot te Klondike may not mirror the midnigiat sup, it shines on the nortiern moun- | tains, and there is no darkness even in tne valleys at the midsummer season, as morning and evening blend their twilight gbw directly profession. It brings to them a consciousness of the fact that | their labors for the general good are appreciated, if not as fully | as they deserve, at least fully enough to induce men to come § before the m and ask for more. | There 1s nothing wrong in all this. It is right thatit | should be so. Butitisalso right that the public which asks so | much of editors, and particularly of country editors, shouid | give that fact a recognition in the form of a liberal support of | the paper from which each orator so unhesitatingly asks every- thing. The members of the State Press Association will cordially endeavor to perform all that its invited orators asked | of them. "They will diligently advocate the construction of | good roads, the making of a grand State exnibit of indust:ies | | and resources at Paris, and will uphold every movement that | tends to the improvement of our political life. That much they | will give and more—and what then? Wili every man in the | county who favors good roads, a State exhibit, the advance- ment of industry and an improvement in politics subscribe for bis local paper and support it liberally 7 Suarely those who are SO eager toget an ax ground might contribute something to the keep of the grindstone. POSTAL SAVINGS BANKS. INCE Postmaster-General Gary has announced through S THE CALL that he intends in bis forthcoming message to Congress to recommend the estab ishment ot postal savings banks in this country, it is evident we mus. begin to consider the subject in the light of an issue of practical politics. It is altogether likely that a bill embodying the recommendations | of the Postmaster-General will be submitted to Congress this winter and public opinion shou.d be prepared to pronounce judgment upon it. The subject is a complexone. The solution of its problems | will not be attained without ditficulty. The Postmaster-Gen- eral himself admits that much, and in his talk with the corre- spondent of Tue CaLL conceded that some of the difficulties in the way are still perplexing him. Even whiie as-erting that he hoped to be able to report to Congie s a plan for (he proposed | banks which would be feasible and satisfactory. he added that | he had not yet decided all points and was still receiving advice and taxing counsel on many im;ortant features of the subject. The Postmaster-General himself being undecided on some essential features of the scheme, who shall pronounce judgment on itasa whole? Interviews with leading bankers of the city, pubiished in Tue Carr, show a wide difference of opinion on the subject existing among those who are most familiar with | it as a business. According to some of our bankers postal savings banks | would be beneficial to both the people and the Government; | others say such banks might benefit a large vortion of the people but would be costly and a loss to the Government; a- | third cla‘s maintains they would be of no benefit to anybody. | and according to one expert they would be an absolute injury, | inasmuch as they would draln money away from outside lo- | calities to store it up in Washington. The existence of such diverse and contrary spinions among | professional bankers is an evidence of the necessity of arousing the public mind to a thorough study of the subject. It has be- come one of the live issues of the day. The Postmaster-General | has declared bis belief that the establishment of such banks | mey be made one of the chief;features of this administration | This being so, care should be taken that the proposed system of Government banking may be wisely devised in every respect. | For that reason its discussion by the people at this juncture is | timely and opportune. There should be no mistake made by Congress in a matter of such importance as this, 2 ‘When Worden, on the Monitor, went against the Merrimac the idea that he was recklessly risking his live on a cheesebox pretty thoroughly dispelled. In fact, about fifteen minutes | after the Monitor began to make casual remarks concerning the a tolerably strong brand of cheese aboard. THE DISCRIMINATING DUTY. S in court. The instruciions issued to customs collectors by the Treasury Department are so confusing the collectors criminating duties, leaving it to the importers to appeal to the if they desire to dc 0, and the incentives (o make a test In eddition to the importers who are desirous of having | the question settled, Senator Elkins and others who like him- for the protection of American railways and American ships | are said to be seeking for. some means of making an issue that | When men are hunting for a lawsuit it is not hard to find one | and within a week we may learn that steps have been taken to | It is certain the supporters of the Republican pledge to pro- mote the extension of our merchant marine by a return to the construction given to the clause by Attorney-General McKenna, They may prefer to wait for the assembling of Congress and court and try to havethe Attorney-General’s opinion oyerruled, but itis a sure thing that in one way or the other some meuns building and railways as well as the other industries of the nation. 1 the famous clause was first discussed its validity was taken for granted, and on that understanding it was commended every- interests opposed to the policy of discriminating against goods brought across the continent to points in the United States by support of the policy will assure its establishment. Either the courts will uphold the existing clause or Congress will make a was common. He lived long enough, however, to see this idea uation an impression began to appear that at least there was ECTION 22 of the Dingley tanff may yet have its day wiil have no safe course other thaun that of coilecting the dis- case are strong. self are interested in baving the discriminating duty imposed will bring the question before thecourts for immediate decision. get a settlement of the much-disputed question. policy of discriminating duties will not be content with the seek a remedy by amending the clause rather than to go into will be found to fulfill the party piedge and protect the ship- Public sentiment is favorable to the proposed duty. When where except in New England, where there are some special the Canadian Pacific road. The strength of the sentiment in new one at the coming session. The applause greeting the retirement of Holden from Mount Hamilton, where, like an old mau of the sea, he had be- strode the observatory, might naturally have been expected to have given him a lesson. But evidently it did not, for alreaay his clamor for another job is heard n the land. Everybody in Cali'ornia will wish him the most entire successin not getting it. | ern date—the Chin-Pao or Shanghai News—founded in 1872, north, thus preserving unbroken daylight for some weeks. The equal day and night of the autumnsl equinox, Sepember 21, is followed by three months of lengthening winter nights, vhich, on December 21, are about twents-one hours long. The crimson midwinter sun curves above the southern harizon for three hours, having an altitude at noon of 2 or 3 degrees, atcording to the variable influence of reiraction. This transient visit is, however, preceded and followed:byan un- usually prolonged twilight 1In these Arctic zones tae durationof the moon’s visib lity is also peculiar, and was especially so in the past few years, when its declination was some degrees greater than fat of the sun. For this reason the midsummer full and nearly full noons 011894 and 1895 failed to rise above the southern horizon, thongh their raciance came distinctly into view toward midnight opposite the twiiight glow of sunset and sunrise at the north point. The mid- summer full moon is in Sugitterius, and any iunar phase thaioc- curred in that constellation was below the horizon of the Arttic regions in the years meniioned, but the absence of the full moon is particularly noticeable. The luuar function of light-giving is ako interfered with by the paling effect of continued daylight, and though the crescent is often visible for eighteen hours it has not the goldea tint of lower latitudes. But in the iong Aretic winter nights of the last few years the lunar phases and motions were singularly fitted for compensatory purposes, as the full and nearly full mooas, then iu the constellation of Gemini, remained continuously visible for a few days, circuiting the heavens like the circumpolar stars without set- ting, but unobscured by tae sunlight even at noon. Somewhat paled they skirted the northern norizon, but at night, when most needed, had & higher altitude, which was from 50 to 56 degrees when on the meridian. These snowelad grounds, reflecting radiance back into the atmosphere, add much to (he brilliancy of a moonlight night. If any winter resident of the Klondike regionin the last few years spared time enough from his earthy researches to notice the gold field glittering above him he saw in the circumpolar tuil moon a vision that will not revisit that scene for thirteen years, unless, indeed, some unusual effect of refraction causes a fareweil circnit on the 9th of December next. This variable factor in the visibility of heavenly bodies near the horizon creates a margin of uncertainty, especially in the dense atmosphere of cold climates. The half and the gibbous phases will, however, be surely visible for more than twenty-four hours during the coming monihs, but next spring the phenomena of non-setting moons will disappear from the skies of the Klondike Vailey until about 1910. They are seen annually nearer to the Arctic circle and beyond it, and every cighteen and a half years and thereabout, according to the distance from the po'ar zones, the changing position of the lunar orblt gives to lati- tudes u few degrees lower a temporary share in this interesting sky scene. Another noticeable feature in this northern firmament is the | wide radius of the region of perpetual apparition which extends to within 26 degrees of the celestial equator, thus inciuding Capeila, Vega, the Twins, and other brignt Stars that rise and set in lower 1ati- tudes. Almost from the zenith shines Alpha Draconis, which 00 years ago hela the imporiant position of pole siar, far to the south are seen Orion and Sirius, while Auntares and Fomalhaut so conspicuous elsewhere never giauce above the horizon of the Kiondike immigrant. | Amoug the wonders of the Alaskan neavens may also be ciassed the atmospheric phenomena of mock suns and moons so frequent in cold climates, and the magnificence of the aurora borealis which sheds its | fantastic gleam over the Yukon mining camp on an average of forty | times during tbe year. Despite preoccupaiion, hardship, and the dis- couragement of haunting elouds, it is to be hoped that these inter- esting sky scenes are not passing unheeded, and that an Alaskan ob- rvatory will soon ke:p record of the ster fields overhanging this Arctic land of promise. ROSE O'HALLORAN. THE “TSING PAO,” OLDEST OF JOURNALS. The oldest newspaper in the world is the Tsing-Pao, or Peking News, founded in the year 710 A. D. Uatil quite lately it was gonerally sup. posed that the Kin Pan, a Chinese journal pub- lished in Peking for the last 1000 years, was the oldest newspaper in the worid. In a very able work recen:ly published, however, Mr. Imbault Huart, the French Consul at Canton, shows that this high honor belongs to the journal whose head shown herewith, which has been pub- lished continuously since the year710,and is even said to huve been founled some 200 years before that date, or early in the sixth ceniury, 800 years before & newspaper was known in Europe. The Tsing-Pao now appears #s & book of twenty-four pages, octavo size, tied in a yellow cover by two knots of rice paper. Each page has seven columns, and each column seven charac- ters, or letters, which read from top to bottom. The typ: are made of willow wood. This is the “edition de luxe” officially recognized by the Emperor, and the price of which is about 24 cents per month. There is aiso a popuiar edition, got up roughly on poor paper and printed, or rather dsubed, from a plate of engraved wax. This costs 16 cents per month, and is issued an hour before the otber, This is the official journal of the Government—the Times of China. Itgivesall the details concerning the parson of the Em- peror, his movements, his maladies, his remedies, the imperial de. crees and the reports of the Ministers, in the printizg of which every error is punished with death. It announces to all the provinces the date which has been fixed by the Emperor for the people to change their summer hats for win. ter ones, which they ure expected to do together as ane man. This journal is essy io read, for it appears in an Englsh translation fu Shanghai. After the Tsing-Peo the most important paver of China is of mod . It hasa circulation of some 15.000 copies ad at the close of the Franco-Chi- nese war Lt Hung Chang made use of it, an innovation till then un- known, to influence public ovinion and demonsirate by history the rights of the Chinese over Annam. Chinese journals are generally printed oa yellow paper, which is changed to biue in case of mourning and red on gala days. One pa- per has three editions each dav—on vellow paper in the morning, ey at noon and whito at night—so that the sellers cannot substitute onc ed;llon lor another in serving their customers. Another Journa, has a title which stgnifies “‘:he Teproduction of what 1t s necessary to kuow,” all givew on a counle of pates octavo size. They readily at. tempt to “en-Chinese” foreign words, as ior instance ihe word tele- phojie is made t0-li-foung. The Chinese press, like man: e ¥ of their other institutions, has re- mained stationary for a thousaud years, but is now beginning to wake and modernize 1tscil, and, imitating the Oceident, promises rapid progress in many ways, but the Oriental tone ang tendency to exaggeration will long remain. { —_— PREDICTION . OF A *PROPHET.” Minneapolis Journal. “0ld Moore’s” prophetic a.manac, issued in London for over a century, professes to forecast the most importa: in the world duricg the ensuing twelve months last vear Old Moore’s forecast to the very monih the terrible. fire in \he charily bazaar in Paris. Taking courage from this lueky hit 014 Moore’s Dl‘o})ncnlcs for 1898 a te.rible civfi War in the United States, the death of the Czar of Russia and the suceessfu! kidhaping of the young King of Spain. It s a1x0 forecast thut duriug or about the second week of November, 1893, communication will be establishay Dbotween this world and the pianet Mars. We wouid like to bet Ord Moore a plugged hat that he hasn’t hit .t once in this bateh. e e ntevents 1o happen TYRANNY'S TiM TING BAIT. Philade phia Record, The Spanish Government s now becoming. gent Cubans. It isextending them pardon out to them the promise oi traordinary constancy and islanders to hola ana power and patronage. firmness upon the par - Itisclatmed that dangerous to the'insur- amnesty and holding x: wlm require ex- out against this kind of umpnignln:. b O PERSONAL. H. Valiant of Los Angeles is at the Cos. mopolitan Hotel. p W. T. Boustell, a prominedt merchant ot Eureks, is in town. b L. E. Cross, a phy§iciau from guest at the Grand. Mrs. H. Stover of Forpestown, Cal., is at the Cosmopolitan Hotcl. R. R. Veale, a Sheriff from Martinez, is reg- jstered at the Grand. Stockton, is a regi-tered at the Baldwin. Paul S:lomder, a mining man of Circie City, Alaska, is at the Russ House. Lieutenant F. W. Kellogg of the Unitea Star~s Navy is at the Occidental. P. F. Downes, manager of a hotel at San Diezo, is staying at the Baldwin. J. P. Cox, a prominent merchantand mining man of Folsom, is visiting the city. L H. Morse of the United States Mariue Corps Is at the California with his wife. C. F. Rockliff, a large 1and-owner and stock- Humboldt, is at jthe Gran raiser of Pe'rolij City, Baldwin. J. Cummings, a prominent Sacramento mini man, {s one of the recent arrivels at the Grand. John Finnell, a prominent mn‘ch-o\\jner from the northern part of ihe State, is registered at the Palace. Commander W. H. Whiting of the United States ship Monadnock is registered at the Ocerdental. Professor W. M. Mackay, principal of tne High Schoo! at Aubura, is stoppiog for a fey days at the Grand. H. Sling, a Chinese 1mporter located ut Chiengo, is in this city on business. He is staying at the Grand. Jsmes F. Kiliy, George Cummer and H. B. Killy, owuners of a siring of racehorses, aro registered at the Palace from Cleveland, Ohio. G. W. Scott of Madison is registered at the Grand Hotel. Mr. Scottis one of the large. land owners and in that part of the Sate. / Herman Oclrichs and wife and Miss Fair, who have been in the city for the past six weeks, left on the o nd flier last nigat for their home in New York. Among the officers of the United States Navy who are registered 1t the California are K. Smith, T. 8. Freeman, L C. Wettengel, C. P, Perkins aud J. H. Hrtherington. George Schaufer o Arcata, William Hunter oi Hopland and J. A Thornton ot Healdsburg, business men in ueir respective cities, are among the arrivalsit the Russ House. Edward H. Davis, nanager of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Fruit and Refrigerator Line, 1s in the city tcsecure for his linea por- tion of the pusiness tf the fruit shippers of the | sate. W. H. Reed, who i a member of the com- pany manufaciuring Yucatan chewing gum and is also the proorietor of & large wall paper and carpet heuse in Cleveland, O., is registered at the Grmd. J. C. Davis, advaice agent of the “Lost, Strayed or Siolen” Cympany, and his wife are guests at the Baldwin. Mr. Davis was here with Dr. Carver whenhe had the band of Ia- dians nt Central Parkseveral years ago. First Lieutenant (haries L. Pott Engi- er Corps, United Shies army, who has beea | on duty for the past sven years in construct- ing works under piams or fortifying the har- bor of San Francism, has been ordered 10 Portland, Or., for duty o1 rivers and harbors. Mr. Poiteris one of the oldest officers in the service and was never kmywn to sy at hard work. Senator Jhhn T. Morgwn leaves for Los Angeles and8an Diego ths afternoon at 4:30, At San Dieg he will beentertained by the Chamber of ommerce anc will deliver an ac- dress on the Nicaragua cnal at the Opera House. Frow San Diego hewill proceed to St. Louis, stoppirg with relatites a week at Red- iands, and remhing the forner place in two weeks. The Serator intendsarriving at Wash. ington abouiNovember 1. E. Benjes, wlo is statimed at Eureka and in charge of t» Del Mone Nilling Compar.y, Sussman, Wormmer & Coand C. E. Whitne for Northern Qlifornia,s in town. ¥ He re- ports & generai revival d business in North- ern Californiaid that rerchantsand large mill-owners ate luying 1imuch larger quan- tities than for he past ew years. He also reports of mills that have been idle for years commencing to tirn their vheels again. CALIFORNIANS IN NEW YORK. NEW YORK, Cct. 23.—X the St. Cloud— C. F. Buck. . Davis. Hoffman—E. dern, D, W. J. Younger, W. 8 Leake, Miss Dresbach F. D. Bates, L. Klan. Grand—Y. L. Walter, Imperial—J, W, Byrnes, J. M. Crine, A. M. Dvis, J. H. Ames, A. B. Ridley. Manhattan—Nss Shreve, Mrs, W. 8. Wood. Eferett—Mrs. 1. J. Valentine Sturtevant—Mus M. Calsveds, Holland—W. H. Stanley. Unidn Square—Ms. Woodrow. C Hummel left thy St. Cloud ad sailed on the Werra for Genoa. Richard Spekier and Mrs, Sophia Speckter arrived on he Havel from Bremeu. —— e H. BLACK, panter, 120 Eddytraan — e CALIFORNIA glice fruits, 50¢ 1b.Townsend’s.* — k. e, - W EPECIAL inforzation daily to mnufacturers, business houses and public menyy the P Ciipping Bureat (Allen’s), 510 ,\I:‘f:gumerry?"' e It 1 & fact tha longevityhas bew especially remarkable anong phibsophes, lawyers, writers and teahers. Carjle, Bujon, Goetne, Franklin, Hershel, Newtoa and 1alley were all beuween 80and 90 yean. Michel Angelo, Titian and leeuweuhoek paintei pictures alter they wer 90. TrE California Limited on he Santa Fe ‘routs will begin its third annual sdson on Monday, Ue- tober 25 1de time of demriure is 4:30 P M. from Marketstreet ferry. Hulpment consists ot standard Pgllman sleepers,bufter smoking-car and elegant dining-car, manged by Mr. Fred Harvey, and will have all lh"mu lern comforts, making it the most iuxurio) service ever given between Cslifornia and the jast. Reservations on this magnificent train nde A 641 Market street, Chronicle building. LIS Tobaceo experts say that he cheapest cigar that J. Pierpont Morgan tmkes costs him ot less than $1.25. His cigatia madein Hayany of tobaceo selected espetaly for him by ap expert whom he'sends hCuba evers year, and made up without regrl to cost. NEW Tapa CTS EAGH— TABLE TUIBLERS, |Crockery, Chizaasswars, —AaT— Cheapestrices —_—IN AL!?.— AMERCA DINNER ANDEA SETS, QUALITY AXD PRES TALK —AT— Great AmerianLging Tea STORES EVERYHERE, Gold and Silver Watches and Bicycles REE J. L. de Pauli, a mining man of Kcrn,\s} most extensive rnncncx - 4 52 Market Street— dquarters. ¢