The New York Herald Newspaper, October 7, 1856, Page 5

which I am entirely indib ev to the resea ch Seomzate itatitical Kuowletoe of Mr. if ’ volumes of the good tre :iment and p! comfort of the Southern «live ‘ Mr. Garrison differed entire) on these points trom Mr. Parker, and did wot «mit the calpabilit ofthe North, or ihe mitigutvion of Southe ymplici- dy in slavery, at least to \le exten: allowed by Mr. tker, and’ denounced the «ystem o° slavery, as practised iv the Southern smtes, as the worst in the world, “What,” said 1, “wor thuu ander the Ro- Tan empire, in which the master could at will put Ais slaves to death?” He there vpon corrected him. Belt and suid, “Tbe worst uy modern ses” Some conversation ensied between Mr. Parker and myself as to the allesed hybrid character of mulattoes, and their inaiility t»’ perpetuate their ‘kind, as mulattoes, by contin ions i termarriages, or marrying in avd in, as it + term d. He mentioned nrtapees Of three generati us o! such mulactoes at the North; but admitted that he, like myself, was only ou the inquiry as 10 this join then opened another tied 0: «iseussion, and con- tended that Northern inter ve ead aggression had retarded instead of ads the South: had strengthened ( weldea the South together as one man, » and defeace; that Maryland and Delaw ‘time, nearly left the Souter fold, bat were now buck again, where they were before. as imembers of the Southern flock or tami that Virginia, in 1832, had entertained the questi: potition of sla- very in her State Convent on wislutare, the Richmond Enquirer, unde: Vr lotohe aud the Rich- mond Whig, under Mv Plo .sau ug with each other ip denouncing slavery » rse to Virginia, and in clamoring for its a! aud the measure having narrowly escaped <wece--—but that a coat of tar and feathers would prov sbly now await the man in Virginia who should vent re to 1e ew the propo sition; that Kentucky, de ie the eman ipation’ proclivities of My. Clo us hs Own S.ate was concerned , (1 tas to th station Staces, for he held dome-t avery to! r anaiterable inherit- ance, so far ss human age ) aud of her Ohio border, had tenaciously adnered to the system, and cast her lot, now and forever, wih ber sister slave- holding States; and that Missouri, although with but 70,000 @r 80,000 slaves in a populadon of 700,000 or 800,000 souls, was so resolute in the maintenance of the institution of slavery ast) subject berself to the charge of border ruftitmism in its defence and Propegation; that all this strenztheuiug of the slave power, by rendering the slaveholliny states a unit in sentiment and in avtion, was due cv the out- side pressure against, and foreign iacerferenve with Southern slavery; that the pride «od passions of the Sontl. had been ‘now roused in cetence of an insti tution, interwoven, with their /i ¢ strings, ond identi- fied with their homes aud their hearthstones with their Penates aod their | snd they would pever yield it but with thir beurts’ blood aud eir = ves; that Northera interference had also duced Southerners to probe the ques- “tion and philosophy of slavery to its profoundest depths, and to discover that it waa defensible and justifiable, both on economical and Szripfaral grounds; and that, on the Jatter zround, it was as im- regnable as the rock 0° Gibvraltar, or the rock of —of divinely inspired aud divinely sanctioned hat, whereas, the systeu was once general- ii vil and 4 sin, and gradually getting undermived, av least in the Southern border States. from causes working with- iu themeclves, it was now no longer regarded as an evil, any farther than free labor is regarded as an evil, (both of then, however in God's provi- dence, full of compensations, and the former much more #o than the latter), or as sin, in any respect; but, on the contrary, as conformable to the revealed will of God, and as a part of the divine plan to efiect the great purpose of subduing the wilderness of America to the parposes of vivilization, and, per- haps, ultimately of accomplishing the reflex action -of civilizing and Christienizing barbarous and be- nighted Africa: that, so long as there was abo- lition interference, from abroad, or outside of the slaveholding States themselves, the institution be- came stronger and stronger, by the operation of well understood principles of human nature, among which is that of doieg nothing on com- sion: that I vo raat in ey youth, had been i at ease on the subject of the lawfuloessof slave. , and weil remembered that, while a staden‘ in the th Carolina College, in the year 181% or 1820, Lhad commenced a debate, in a college society, with these words:—*That slavery is au evil, entailed on us by our ancestors, is universally ad wi-ted;” but that my opinions had long since usdergone an entire revolu- , aud my conscience was wholly at ease on the subject. I now regarded it as not short of impiety and profanity vo call that sin, which Jehovah ordain- ed and patriarchs practis:d and which Christ and his al sanctioned and regulated: «nd that, forthis change and revolution, in Southera sentiment and opinion, we were indebted to the abolitionists, and baps more to Messrs. Garrison ana Parker than any other two men living. Here Mr. Garrison aud Mr. Parker both said that 1 should then thank, rather thau denounce them for their course. I answered, of a surety, I did thank them, not for the motive, but for the unde- signed result of their interference. r. Garrison then remurked that, nevertheless, if ‘he should go South he would certainly be mobbed or tarred and feathered. { told him he certainly would; and especially if he attempted to intlame the passions of our slaves, or excite their discontent, by the propagation among them of his views. Not that [, or the geutlemen of Chiriescon, would be a party to stich proceedings again-t him, as [ disap- roved of Lynch law in any aad every form; but Phat there ‘was in every community @ class of citizens, constituting the material of the ‘uob, (although less so in Southern than in Northera — peacea- ble and orderly negro popu ation, in a great measure, filling up, in the Soush, the space occupied by the white mob population of the North,) which could not be controlled, except, perhaps, by the a -of the military—which | candidly admi would not be turned out pee one in such ill odor with the South as himself. Mr. Garrison next took up the subject of freedom of discussion, and our denial to our slaves of the right to read and write, saying that no North- ern or Southern maa would be allowed to @iscnss the question of slavery in the Southern Staten In reply, I proceeded to explain that ome might treely discuss the ques- tion in the South, with white people; bat that no ‘one would be allowed publicly, or with our slaves, to enter into discussions of such chara ter, or in such manner, or at such time, or with such auditors, as might tend to disturb the peace of Southern society, ens the knife of the murderer, or lighting t ned torch of the incendiary, or otherwise stirring up ition and mischief, in a class now contented and orderly, and rauking asthe best fed and best clothed, and physically the most come ae morally and ious, and at the same time the noone A Naneay to labor population in the world: No more than I would be allowed, unmolested, my appearance among a numecous gather- Ser bae M4 an md at LA « orth, sageaed . t Northern pabiie works, a ph sedition and privy them, to the injary and tion the disturbance of the pub- ‘The answer to this was, that my case unsu oue: and, were it even sup- moh til be free to sp k—a very insuf- tanswer, I think, as the case is quite supposable, and not in itself improbable, on the part of some one, in this era of crazy ‘and » ischievous “ism: and I do not believe freedom of speech would be per- mitted at the North, in such a case, except it were believed that it would be vor et praterca nihil. Surely, it practical violence were appreiended as the result of such liberty or licentiousness of speech, the police of either Boston or New York would ar- rest and nip the mischies in the bud, by the prompt ‘ost and most active interference s to Southern laws against allowing slaves to and write, I stated that [ knew them to be a letter in South Carolina, (and Mr. :vawson said y were so likewise in Alabama,) and | believed them to be so in the entire South; ‘eo in — Carolina, many leading men were in fvor—as saat veo wiping those laws from our statate book, as contrary to the spirit of Protestant Chris- tianity, which conld not consistently it the Bible to be a sealed book to any hamau being, of any color or any condition. I added | was not only in favor of slowing slaves to learn to read and ‘write, but that 1 believed no injary could result to us from such @ course, a8 our negroes were a reli- and even @ superstitious race; and, were they able to read, oy ons scarcely read anything but the Bible and Hymn Book; and that even incendiary pamphlets would cirenlate harmlessly among them, by either being anread, or neutralized by the better and holier reading and teachings of the eacred volume. i was asked if it was this last stated reason that had inclined my mind in favor of extending this privilege to the negroes? | an- persons remit scendants, The were imported into Jamaica, pr grote, of w hot their descendants: 3 Kher i78 years, to be emancipated in 1839 the fish net in the whole of the British West Indice there were imported 1.740.000; of whem and their descendants hnt 660,000 Femained io be emancioaied. (hee ° better ea ed than anywhere else. Yet we find a class of fanatics i the North who are willing to contribute. millions to Cuba for sugar, and to Braail for coffer, piling np an annual balance of trade ia the two places of over twonty millions of dollars , to nee the giave trade clandestinely continied—to nee wroes annually deciinated—to see St Domingo and the British West Todies ruined by emancipation; yet they ca on # reckless crusade agai » " decimation of over 1,000,000 of Africans in the Britieh ‘West Indies alone, they may pase over in silence, bat for their Southern brethren, who will not consent to Saale 8,000 000 of Chow no bounds to their rage. thong. tier mena wonld involve ruin to their own section try, re bas EMancipavon ever the blacks ever been raised by the biacks of the United Biate-! In no part of Afcicn is Ue Creage of pepatation @ ual to taal of the Sou'bera Stalgq uf oud America the eiv lized eoad'tion NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1856. swered no, that I hoped I was actuated by a higher motive—the spisitual welfure gad e‘ernal interests of the negro. Here Mr. Garrison remarked that neither the Charleston Courier, nor the Unarleston Mercury, would dare, or venture, to maintain such sentiment To which I replied that they both would, aud the Courier should. Mr. Garrixon still doubted, but I insisted, and said time should briug hiw proof of the correctness of my assertion. I wasasked if these opinions of mine, and the pro- grees of missionary effort among the slaves in the douth, indicated” that either I or tue South was acting with a view to toe ultimate emancipation the negro race? 1 answered, “Nocat all. Vhey are wholly urespective of any such plan which does not entér at all int» my mind or the southern mi Dowestic slavery is regard- ed as the perpetual and not unfavoroble destiny of the South, aniess and until it shall please Providence, me day, ip the very remote future, to extinguish it, or reuove it, from our borders, by en exodus greater and 98 miraculous as that of the Jews.” Leiated that the atvlemptea insurrection of 1822 i arleston was due. as testilied by sone of tae sees, and seme of the criminals, part, to the culation of invendiary abolitioy pamphlets among our alayes, and ty the dircussiécs incident to the Missouri question, and intimated that I beld Mr. Garrison responsible, in some measure, for taat in- tecded but frastruted tragedy, and that ir had re- sulted in legisiation, restrictive of emancipation in South Carolina, which could formerly be effected by a simple process be‘ore one or two magis'rates, but now could only be done, either inter vivos or pos- thumously, hy act of toe Legrlature. Mr. Garrison Mherenpon set me right as tu the ehronol gy of ais sbolitionisia. Ithink he said is did not commence heiore lo3i or 1582. I ameuded she record accord- ingly, and added that my knowledge of him dated nom his editorstip of the Liberator, wmch had caused him to be led about the streets of Boston, with a rope round his neck and a mob at his heels. He or some one else said, “Jt was a South Carolina rope.” I replied, Perhaps so, bus it was put on by Massachusetts hands,” which was assented to. T asked Mr.Garrison, as a test questiog, whether, if Massachusetts, like South Carolina nad, withia her Inits, more black than white people, he would then be in favor of bestowing political and soc al equalits on his sable protég’s. He said he certainly would. I replied that he was then am honest and con- sistent abolitionist, and m+ opiniou of him was from that instant somewhat changed for the better; aud that, however, mucn I mizat deplore bis errors and delusions. I could still an honest abolitionist; that I did respec’ nit Smith, for instance, who had provea his sin- cerity, by pouring out his money like weter, for the cts of bis mstaken sympathy; bet that I cor- dially and thoroughly despised and devested such men as Wiliam H. Seward, Charles Sumner, John P. Hale, and the hike, who, I fiemly believed, were only using tree soilism as a meavus and tree soilers tools to secomplish their seliish purposes and ob- jects of unhallowed ambition. Mr. Carrison admitted or rather asserted, with some bitterness, that pro-slavery-sm, in bis accenta- tion of the torm, was yet in the ascendant even in Massachusetts, and as well in the pulpit as in the social and political walks of life; he regarding all as pro-slavery men, who do not go to the extremes that he snd Mr. Parker do Mr. Parker or Mr. Garrison questioned me as to the disunion proclivities of one South. I replied that, if Kansas, by fair vores, without iuterference, by either “border ruffians” or “(ree soil ruffians,” should form a State constitution, with a pro-slavery clause in it, ang should be yerused adwissior into the Union on that ground, as sure as there was a sun in the heavens, the Sonthern States would dissolve the Union, at all hazards, and form a Southern confede- recy; that, as a Union loving, conservative South- erver. such a course approved itself to my judgment, and that Ll might be tirly taken as au index of the sentiment of the Union men and conservatives of the South; and that, as the South was one sen- timen' vow, so would it be one in action when the crisis sbowd arrive. Mr. Garrison expressed his high tification af hearing this, and indeed glosted, with delight, and eveu with flerce joy, at prospective disunion; and thereupon several voices exclaimed, ‘the one idea, the one idea,” implying that the exclaimers regarded him as a monomaniac on the subject, and that they differed widely trom him. He said he would rejoice in any event that would entirely relieve the North of its compli- city with the iniquity avd guiit of slavery Mr. Parker did not indicate his views on (his point, but I strongly suspect bim to be in ful! sympathy and accord with his frend, Mr. Garrison. Notwithstanding the ulcraism of Mr. Garrison, he declared himself a peace man, and that he is for eflecting his purpose of the entire eradication of Slavery from the laud, only by mild and persuasive means, and by such patieat eadurance and long suf- fering as were characteristic of the meek and lowly “uthor of Christianity, and should be equally s0 of his disciples. In this pacific phase of his abolition: iem he styled himself, or recognized himself, as “a Newburyport nan” or “abolitionist,”—a designation which was not otherwise ee than by its con- nexion with the confession that “his thoughts were turned on peace,”’ ana by his reference to Mr. Pai er as “a Bunker Hill man,” or “abolitionist,” from which J inferred and understood that Mr. Parker's “ voice was still for war,” in the accomplishment of abolition, by any and every means, however vio- lent or revolutionary. Fiat juatitin—ruat ecelum, ie the war ery of the latter, waile the former deludes himself with the belief that, by his machinations against Routhern rights and interests, he is only pro- moting “peace on earth, and good will towards men”. He, doubtless, in “the strong delusion” that is on him “to believe a lie,” ines that, “with all lowliness and merkness, with long suffering, for- bearing ove another in love,” he is endeavorin keep the unity of the spirit, in the bond o' —Ephesians, iv , ¥. 23. Mr. Parker questioned me on the statistics of death among the black and colored popala- tion at the South, seemed to be under the erro- seous impression that there is a largely greater mortality among them, and especially op | their children, than among the whites, which told him I did not believe to be the case, as their ratio of multiplication exceeded that of the whites. Linformed him, however, that, #o far as South Carolina was concerned, there were no re- liable statistics in regard to the mortality of slaves out of the cities, as our jaw, for the regivtration of pcan flog po ge among. Last pura oy ofa Lid ears’ date, and our je had yet generally Zenformed to its rorisions #o a8 to enable iv to ield reliable results. The cases of longevity, ia both males and females, however, were numerous, and, on my deceased mother-in-aw’s plantation there were, some ten years since, five generations of one family, living at the same time, the three eldest of which passed off the stage almost simul- taneously, He snid the cases of ae among the blacks were numerous also at the and he knew one which had extended to 140 years—a ne- gro was, or had been, the oldest or most long-lived person in the United States. The discussion originally commenced between Mr. Garrison ap myeelf, Pp stoted, Mr. Parker remain’ silent and lis and occasionally actisg as umpire or moderator. Mr. Garrison was impetuous, and, think, impatient, and so was I, ts some extent, unwilling to let me answer io fall, when he put uestions to me, interrupting me, and preven! the completion of my answers. I complained of this, and said, “I have never interrupted you when answering my questions’. Mr. Garrison said that 1 bad spoken two words to his one, and Mr. Parker, as , ruled that | had often interrupted Mr. Garrison. T acknowledged both my numerical ad- in words, over my disputant, and my fro- of him, but I held and still hold fenac! to my position, (because it was trae.) that I never Interrupted him in his answers to my queries. Mr. P. had to interpose more than once to get me the privilege of reply, or to let me have my anewer fully out. After the ‘dlacossion between the original dispn- bmn ae] =. a owed took A hn —e iscour® and eloquently, ing a statistlcal and ‘otherwise, and van' qnent interry flood of information, adorning the centroversy with many and ems of thought and diction. I rey much that, aving taken no notes, I am wholly unable to fur- nish @ fuller report of his interesting remarks, striking illustrations and beautiful language. He received from myself, and from all present, the most profound attention, without fnterruption, and he yielded me, with an eqnal display of courteny Ga his part, my full alternation of argu- ment. His condact thronghout was that of the per- fect gentleman, and, at the close of the debate, near the noon of night, 1 claimed, and was allowed, by him, the credit of having never once interrupted my courteous host. Returning him my warm thanks for his kind reception of (and my friend, and bis aniform courtesy to us ighout the evenin, 1 and receiving from him the assurance that he woul ever be pleased to meet Southerners at his house, po am agape fen the great debate, jim, bi his 5 night, and reured, with my compan too , the Re. vere House, pleased with the "a entertain- ment, and ourselves: no detriment, either at our hands, the adversary, in the conflict of argument. ADDENDA. Want of time prevented me from enlarging on other topics, viz: the military strength, and the entire safety and repose of the South, under its much reviled and much misunderstood institution of do- mestic servitude. SAFETY OF THE INSTITUTION OF SLAVERY—THE MILITARY STRENGH OF THE SOUTH. Tt is a wide spread, but aa widely erroneous an pinion at the Nerth, Guat theve is iu tue South » Sense of insecurity, and a constant ension of outbreaking insurrection. pally rene: was & greater or more unfounded mistake. Our sense of security is perfect; we go to oar dum- bers, with our slaves, ag our watchers and guar- dians, to protect us and our property from vio- lence or spoliation. My servants lock me up at night, keep the key of my door, and unlock me in the morning, and ex uno disce omnes. At the plantation of my late mother-in-law, a lone widow, except when her married daugbters and grand-chil- Oren visited her—in the midst of her sixty slaves — her men rervants, taking their turns by twos, were ber nightly tentinels, to guard against the approach © inaruuders and other evildoers. And such is the custom on most plantations- houn, Keq. eldest son of the great Southerner, (who bas recently returned, as a resident, to his native State, and now owns Fort Hili, the family home- sievd of bis illustrious father,) informed me that, iu the cotton growing region of ¢labama, he was one of thirty white persons ‘adults, { suppose, he meant,) in the midstot tive toousand slaves. Who can imagine # higher degree of keeyrity thau is indicated by such uw speaking tact? Resides, in all the time that sla- very bas existed in tue Sousherm States, the worst ond the only serious icsurrec ion,which has ever oc- cursed, was that of Nat Yoruer, in Virginia, in lel, when but sixty white lives fell a sacri- fice to the mad and easily creshed émeute. Why, accilents on railroads and steamboats, steam car anal steam-beiler explosions, and collisions of rail- road cars on Jand,ans of sbips or other vessels on the water, destroy more lives, at a time, than are here chargeable to insurrectionary account; and North- ern mobs are far more frequent and de- structive to fe and property than slave disturbances in the South. In ‘Charleston aad in South Carolina, my own native city and Siate, there bas been no serious or weil authenticated at- tempt at insurrection, since the commencement of the Revolution, and for a long time before that event, except the reasonably detected and easily frostrated one of 1822, which was of very limited extent. History records no previous one; ‘although tradition does dimly shadow forth one, in an early period of our colonial existence, when the African slave was fresh froin his barbarian home. Yet so obstinate and excessive is ranatic credulity, that Miss Harriet Martineau, after passing six or eight mouths in the boson of our families, in city and on plantations, goes home and writes a book, in which she chronicles the absurd fabrication that te people of Charleston go to bed every night, fearing (to give an Irish turn to her expression,) that they will wake in the morning and find their threats cut from ear to ear! |, there had been time for it, I would also have enlarged on the military strength of the South, as connected with and promoted by the institution of slavery. In free countries the peasantry, the tillers of the soil, are required to fill up armies in time of war, and agriculture snffers accordingly: but. in slaveholding countries, war disturbs not the opera- ious of the farm or the plantation, (except when they are 1avageo by the enemy, an evil to which free States are equally subject.) for the peasantry ave slaves, and freemen aiove constitute the military arm of the gpg for both de‘ence and invasion. Nor ia there any danger trom slaves in periods of war, for two very sufficient reasons—first, the free- men are then armed cap-a-pie and disciplined, and hest fitted and able to prevent or suppress revolt; and, secondly, the attach ment of slaves, geverally, to tueir masters is such that, 98 proved by our Revolutionary history, when armed, they, like the trained bond servants of Abraham, in the Bible, do battle not for, but against their masters’ enemies. Instances were common, inthe Revolati nary history of South Caro- lina, of masters arming their slaves, and doing so eftectually, to defend jite and property against British assault and spoiiation: and the faithful slave often refused, under threatened and actual torture, to discover to the Britivh or the tories the hiding places of their masters. What, then, have we to apprehend on this se Jre? Notbing, literally nothing. We are content- ed with our slaves, and they are contented with us; avd I am one of those, who confidently believe that it is not in the power of the Serpent of aboliti- onism, however Satanic his intent, und althougt he may lie coiled at the very foot of the tree of know- ledge of good and evil, to diffuse his poison, or to do any serious mischief in our Southern Eden, Rrcnanp Yeadon. Letters of John M. Botts—Botts Declares Gov. ‘Wise «a Madinan. TO THE EDITOR OF THE RICHMOND NATIONAL AMERICAN. Taddrers you this note to request that you will, at the eorhest practicable moment, publish in your paper the speech of bis Excellency, Henry A. Wise, Governor of tue Commonwealto ot Virginia, as publisned in tho Hx. RALD Of the ‘Oth ult., apd Learnestiy hope there is n> whig or American paper in the State that wiil hot aso ai! ip spreaoing it broadcast before the people, Lot th masses of the democracy read. Let them see what thi macman of their own selection is preparing tor thom. ] sbould mourn over ihe tamentable fact, if I could be lieve the great body of ovr democratic fellow citizeas were not as true and loyal to the Union ax any other por- tion of our popolation. J feel assured that they ure not to be found aiding and abetting in a conspiracy to brin, war against the United States. I bave often hetened to the insane ravings of 2 wil junatic ip the asylum, but never, never in the whole course of my life bave I beard, read or witnessed the workings of & divordered brain more strongly stacape wih madness than in this instance. Cav it be possible for aby man to rise from a perusal of this speech Without coming to the conciuelon that Henry A. Wise, who thus descends from the digaity of his oflice, attends a town meeting of his party associates, throws himself, into #pasms to ipilvence the public mind, to ex otte the passions of the multitude and familiarise «hetr thoughts to the direful calamity of disunion, without say- ing to himself this man is echer @ natural born fool, lunatic, or conspirator in fact, and a traiter in his heart! Never before has a@y inaa io this country acknowledged his responsibility for 60 ‘reasonable a production. Let no man suppose | intend this as u retort for what he has said of me in bis speceh. | write as if that were entirely obliterated from the paper. | have atready an- swered that part of it sufficteutly, twice before the people, both here and in Petersburg. 1 confine myself to the tressonable matter thie s contains Yirst, then, ts be a natura! born fool® I do not think he is. Is bea lunatic? I believe before God he ts par- ly deranged, and I bave believed so for the last six years; but occupying bis position as Governor of the Com. monwealth, it does rot make him the less dangerous to the country if he acta from lunacy than from natural weakness, Is he a conspirator’ 18 he engaged in a wcy to levy war? Read this speech; accom- it with geaoral orders for oflicering the themselves in readiness for em his daily conversations pany militia, and for holdin vervice—couple with aa reported in the public strects, of his intention, in the ereni of Fremont's elesticn, to take possession of Oid Pemt Comfort—(which I think there is no difficulty in es tebtiahing)—read the law on conspiracy, and tnen tell whether be is not # lonatic or @ conspirator, and whother it has not become the duty of the proper’ authoritics to bave him immediately arrested’ Where is Jadge Taney? Where i# Jodgo Halliburton? Where is the District Attorney’ Where is tue Grand Jury of this bastern District of Virginia, whose atention, when they meet, I call to this speech and general order, Finally, where is the President of the United States” From & private citizen, such a production would be Jacgbed at ana over as the idle declaration of @ besotted fool; but when it comes from a Governor of a ercat commonwealth it aesumes a form and substance that may lead at least to the dishonor of the State, if not to m 3 Hero is what fs laid down in urr’s trial a« constituting a conspiracy to levy war — Any combination to aubvert, by force the government of the Uaited States, violently to dismember the Union, to com pela change in the administration, 9 cause the repeal or Adoption of a general law, ia a conspiracy to levy war; and if the conspiracy be carried into effet by the actual emocdliment apd assembling of men tor the purpose of executing the vex sonable design which was previously conceived, It amounts to levying of war, and of course the levying of war againsi the Cited States ts traason. Here then is the jaw, and hore is the evidence of a cont ptracy to levy war, which onty lacks the means ant courage to carry out the treasonabie design of the Gover. nor of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Will the proper authorities wait for the overt act of treason, or will they crush the conspiracy ia the be and visit the conapiratora with the judgment of the law? And not wishing to avoid any responsibility on my own part, I invite the Goveraor to lodge bis complaint formaliy with the Mayor of the city, hat | may be subjected to ail the penalties I bave incurred. JOUN M. BOTTS. MN, DOTTS DENIES THAT Bh FAVORS FREMONT. In compliance with the request of the gentiemen to whom it was addressed, the National American publishes the loliowing letter — Tuemmonn, Sunday, Sept, 28, 1856. My Dean Sim—On yesterday, before I startod for Peter burg, some friend ed in my hand a copy of the South ‘Democrat, and called my attention to an article head € Beauties of Botts,” which I ran eye over very bestily, and found in it nothing but sort of silly, childish trash common to the and which I con. claded was entirely unworthy of notice, and, therefore, throw it aside without having scon article fa different column, beaded “ Hotts for Fremont,’ whie rends a8 follows, and to which my attention has bee called sinee my return — Rorra yor Frewont.—That Botte is at heart for Fremon , we have no earthly doubt. THe belteves the South will sub to his election, and he ia feathoring his nost in advance. has no idea of Fillmore’s election, and as an evitenos that he las not, we cite the fact that he his het $2,500 that Now York, hich Mr. crane “knew would go for Filmore, ) will vote for Fremont. This fact, if denied, we are prepared to prove. I Sie 3 tent a8 coum Clas arete, 10 from meat ing Bpecch, it m.ght be pros: that G4 what I would have ead vefore | spore, tw (orm a most un- bivebipg, faleehood from 1o end— having nothing for ‘as | have not even as much as on the olection in any form, man- ner the writer of oes article prepared to uce. " judge of all cise that appears columns in reference to mo, by this infa mous alleied by the mendact- ous have been made b ~} me, the cflecta of a speech uney mischief to the troasona. »I he party revere Mr. Buebanan in this none of have at- tem for the proof—and if not furn! hed, the ticle must stand brand. ed oe aw) (ol faleifier of treth aud common honesty 1 BA) Mos reepeotally, yours, FOUN oh. BUSTS, Andrew Pickens Cal- | A Question for Bishop Hughes. WILL THE CATHOLIC CHUK( 4 OF THE UNITED BTATES SANOTION DISUNION. We Gnd the following letter, addressed to Bishop Hughes, in the Charleston Courier, of the 8d inst. — To THE Wost Rev. Axosnisnor Avcirs— Morr Rev. Sik—Our Episcopal See has been for some time witbout a heud, and in this event it bas beeo my practice to refer to you all those questions which relate to ibe general interests of our great republic. My last com- munication touched the right to bold saves as wa abstract question, and was addressed to you just before the laat arncipblage of the ppvention of the Bishops ot the United States. outiog, With *ut & dissent- ing voice, determined tont i; wus a pertect right—that the rendition of Opewmus was an exe mpl ation of the right and that the emzrax coolt never eutertein a duut of the right. My commu 1 repeat, was Ch Whe Gbetract question; there was nO direst issue on the evbject at that car, wad L was contest with tue sia- Pie Geclaration of your body, which toaaks be 0 the providence of Almighty God, has doue muck to unite the Catholics of this cubtivent on the subject of blavery. At the present moment, however, the dicect issue { thea coulmpatea wet banc, I the famatic #pirit ef the Norwery section of the Voion shal succeed in ¢ esting Weir candidate to the Presidevey of tie Carted states there will be the one of two uitervatives presented ine stauily to the American propie—the withdrawal of the Ditecu Soutoern Siate# from the Unlon, or the formation OL a genera! constiiuHone! gacty, which shall take toe mort cteotive measures for withetanding tbe adwniniay® thon of @ gOverumeDt formed vpon President Fremont. 1 em, wblever have beew, syaiwat the seceerion of the slave States from the coulederacy, and will unite unre. Fervecly with the coustitubopalats of the entire country for the overtbro# of the Presid« nt elect, although be ray have received the constiiuvoval yote of the Klectoral Co eye. rather than ado. t recession aga remedy ia our piesent emergency. This is revolution. My object ix to harp from you whether, ax a Catholic, I shall be infract- ingeny of the inws which Almighty God bas )moosed for my moral government; or, in Other words, whether the cvureh would wbsolve Lie from my aliygiance to Frosdent Fremont, although constitutionally elect», apa thus sanctify the blow which | would strike for the hiberties ot my country and the interests of mun- kind. no unio tant pret, the onollenviog negro, who woud be deprived of a home and ail industria! eudeavor, 1) she favatic of the oay be permitted to uss we elec ive fravobise guaranteed by the coustitullvn, to break down a)! (bat tf effective of good in that novle rastruaent, the proiection of our property aud our rights agaivet the en- cro-ch ments Of each utuer, or the comoluea power of the Whoie Workd. » place this direct quertion before you, I ehould atate that I do not compromise the ebureh us to the angry (Merfon ROW prEding of ber interference with poilt ators. I wag eoriy taught to reduce all propveiions to their cimpleef terme. My brother odeads, | remoustrate sia bim; he will wet} take Lim belore the church and the church sets in the promises. If, ia tae » before us, Vrevideut Fremont heads & govsrement professes oprniy to make War upon may rights aod property, Lelaim of the cuureh to be absolved trom the e him, and thus to bear God's com- wage against him. Itis a question My Protestant conlederaies will pos 4, po doubt as this is not enc vod bas reserve | to hime tors, ud that ibe church w slone the egeut to deter pine them. puble communicati@ I must beg yd the delicacy of the position we ! ocevpy. We ean expect to find no other com- wm then the one | pow geek. The federal povernment will be our enemy: the federal States, ‘with all their sovereignty, will have no power to autho rue ibe revolt msy become parties to it, and [ any individual of the reiorming orgavizauon., The reb is the only sovrce {rom whence we can look for authorny wh © the blow of the strong arm, Bt its go" It is for this reason that £ i the subject publicly for the consideration of the ches of the United States. They wii! be silon the © of any measure that wil! suve this great republc. ‘They capnet be ihrown too g00n into counectiva with et¢ers of the chmreh, whose duty it ts to advise on this deneate moral sunject. Ry the 4th of March next auy or- ganization that tbali be eiective for the preservation of the Union muet be had, and its utmost eilort exerted, Most reverend sir, a word in excuse lor oringing your natue so directly before the public. {know my own sec tion of this country, and repeat, tbat they are prepared for the revoit. [ koow that you would be advised of the fact at the earliest cute, and from some res popsible quar tor; and bow eau Ido wore to assure you than to ran the K of being termed an alarmist, should the star of faua- tcbm sink at the coming Clection, and the blessings of prace be resiored to this now distracted country. With (We sincerest regard, | subscride mysell, yours faith- iu ly, A. A. BRISBANE. Mr. Brisbane eays in his letter to the Courier: — Ji ia 10 open quertion of whether the constitutional party to which it alludes is ready to enter the deid and prepare the pobbe mind for deposing a President elected os Mr. Fremont will be, In the church we bave long ais of Pepes and antt Popes, and they managed in thore cays to eflect the substitution of the former for the latter, without touching, im the slightest degree, the stability of be chureh, itis net for me to say how it would bedone in @ political sense, but we find in the press of the Norto ‘bat plans are rife One I would refer you to, that tae Pr it of the United States, Pierce, sould possess of the treasures and archives of the government, seisied by Virginia, maintain thiogs in statu quo, until the pablic mint could be brought to a proper com- yroavse, The Carolinas and Georgia would soon sustaia Virgipia, and the rest of the lave “tates come in time to evpport the movement. TI need not say to you how ne- coteary it would be to unite the moneyed power of the Northern States in sustairing the ipterregunm, aod lence I bave looked to irdivivuale as well as States in ihe formation of a const'tusional party, Yau see where 1 piace the Catholic hooey in this communication to Bishop Hughes, or, in fact, he places it there himself, If you will peruse the Freeman's Jeurnal of New York, or aa extract from {t in the Cathelic Miscellany of the lastiasue, pon will understand mo better, He no doubt wrote the eoltorial ip potot. L have every reason to kaow that the army is eafe, and I have no doubt but the navy be relied on. Iu Ome, in the conwoversy before us some measure Must be adoy to enlist the minorities of the free States, the capital Of those Siates, aud the Catho- lies of those States. This force, based upoa the fiteen Sou bern States, would, in a few months, silence the pre- us of the Fremonters. Serious Political Hiots in Baltimore. [Prom the Baltimore Amer\san, Uct. 6.) ‘The political excitement runs high as the day of elec. ton 8 hes, and we regret to fay gave ocmsion to we serious breaches of the Peace on Saturday even- jog and yesterday. A report bas prevailed that a num- ber of members of the Empire Club, ot New York, had been brought or bad come to this city to fight the battles of the democratic party on Wednesday. The pres mee bere of John Morrissey and —— Carman, of New York, and Domipick Bradley, of Philadelphia, al! notorious ‘bruisers, gave color to this report, and waa the founda- von of what were, po doubt, exaggerated stories. The firet outbreak, and the origin of what followed, was: a Paturday afternoon, when a party of mon kaown as mem- bers of the himpire Club attacked @ Fillmore and Donel. von fing suspended across Potior etrect, near Gay. The flvg was pulled down, but siterwaris recovered, and the ilar ended without serious result. About eight o'clock on Saturday evening, the same party, led by John Garvey upd Jobn James, revirned wi orcements, and on- Geavored again to take possession of the iiag I was vutled down and torn, and @ portion of it carried away. he hovee to which the flag rope was was also stoned and the windows broken. Officers Sutton, Sto- veo an¢ Harrigan, who were on duty at the Bel Air market, Were attracted to the ©pot, with watchman Bowers interfered to preservo the peace. 'y met with a desperate rosetance, but succeeded in arresting Alexander Spraine, John Garvey, Jobn James, Charies Nor Themes Dull, Andrew liaggerty and James Vowers. Dall was especially determined in the resist- anco be offered to the officers, and was severely beaten. They were ali taken to the waichbouse, where the wounds of [ull were dressed by [)r. Morris, after which be was admitted to bail in the sum of $500 to answer for the offence, The othere were committed to prison by oo Mearis to answer the charge before tae Criminal The rumor referred to above, and the evests of Satur- day night, increased the excitement > esterday, and, as bas become the curtom ob the preceding an elec von, « large crowd coliccted at the corner of Baltimore avd Sovth streets. Various disputes and small run- ning fights occurred, and a party of young men, said to be members of an up town American cleb, started for the Empire Club's headquarters, a the coraer of ‘ow and Forest streets, to revenge the destruction of {> feg on the previour ‘The police, however, ere aware of the movement, and a force, led by Bigh Constable Herring, arrived on the spot a soon a the mob, ard prevented ihe commis violence. Thero was but one member of the Ulub im the house at the time, and ho cecaped mit injory. ‘The house is said to be well prepared to enable its fre- quenters to resist an attack: Grearms, aud even, it is re- ported, @ small cannon, being secrete there. \ esterday afternoon an immense co! lection of politicians 4 assembled in the neighborhood of South and jaltt more, ep, ‘at times {a rather boisterous political dis- curston; but all was peaceable until George Koag mate bis appeararce and commented the use of violent lao guage, at the same time drawing a revolver, Ho, bow. ever, retreated, and was pursved down South street, ‘fod made his escape into a private house, when his pur Biers retired. Atabout 4 o'clock im the afternoon, another riot oc curred tn the vieinity of the Maresh market, whieh attract ed on immense of spectators. Tt appears that in had been rece! ved that tlio New this ws 30) Ent himmsel format! ‘ork shoulder ‘bitters bad made their headquarters at tho tavern of Samuel Lamy Swan i eis, pistols, 4% been Of arsena! sumbers, a8 @ Dew next. Toe French en¢é Froot streets. He received the biow om the back of the head, produciag @ serious wound, | snotber pamed Stepnen Murphy was algo struck with & brick, and while pursulog bie asauitants was arrested by tbe police, Tae Iriebmen were then reinforced, and armed with pisto 5 ane guns, when the assailants retreated into Hollioay ttreet, where several shots were fred, but bo one Was wjvreo, The trish being armed, pressed ‘QpaL the opporite party wit! force th t they fled up towards Baltimore street. O.¢ of the pursuers was armed *ith two revolvers, which he fired without effect at one mao, Baockley, the man who was iret struck, fel into the bands of the police, and # brie being copveyed to the n house, was knocked down and severely besten. buckley. Mury hn Miske!l were arrested, @ll of whoin were dou . nation Barly posverc Rowers weut into tue eweet famps, aig Oven tired bis Meat, 7 it naid he ¢ wroing. de ie 6 ITMACGUGH Laken 10 Lue WaiehOouse and beld w Ai it hull! peat ten c'elock | PUrlies Met Ms Bond ntract, Leme wy ® fight with plet is. folavtes witbout uy Bert Or who were (he partics Nhat late hour ieary to vontending ro and engaged od lor several Viow i originated, mit, we comld pot ni Avother Member of California Vigilance Commitice in Vrouble—Lufe in the Land of la. SUPREME COURT—IN CHAMD! Berore Hin Judge Whiting Gor 6 —Chartes P. Duane vw. Jamez Dow ~Applica ticu for an order for arrest against the defentact was | made this day, aac Sheri. the following was issued to the | tk Order to No. 1 Nasas rue tl hundred WHAPIN Ibe wMigavit of Mr. order wae wsved, is as Lo: ied at the day of y he became | a2? horeimsltter i, cert ° of which the 4 ined toget mini of Ang Constitute fsen, the Stal jaws ot here he Was taken to the rowm of the said the ehief entrance a ‘lice. where be was imprigoa | which time there was @ pné, armed with suns, pistols, sod sabres: Chat the defendant ms, and twas in sald oflice darn at Was detained there. that he requested Which Was refused, b® not of and betore his arrest, \ es active in giv the time that dep to be contined in a erli, sboula rot be put im «ert whreh had been © bul ivan on accourt of the bieod being in said ceil: this con Versotion having oceurre t after the death of said James Satit and refused to By bin brother, whic not granted; de afterward temporary relet by @ physeinm: that the eeli in waleh be wi soon ny withont Hight ohink th od rt of the Bame floor, - eponent Was coolined, re numberof then, HuMbering mauy hundreds, nid 2 a dvill as soldiers, and were under the Committee; (hat niined his © the parpose of showing the dange health of depe and asking the privilege of taking h bis physician's co where lis life Would not be ip danger, u# the eonined soace and want of food bad grewly ed his beatth, whieh reasonable request was refased; that three hours after said refusal three persons cutered aaid od placed boudentia on bis wrists, bringing bie hi tLe could not use either hind; that sev a, ‘Committee immediately entered the sald is deponent that be must ieave the State of hia andthat after so leaving if be should again retarn, be death: that previous to said al visite il; that the defendant Dowe, was ve Committee, and was amonk ‘bose nade several pro sto the eifeet that de- ld be released it he would abandoa the law and ‘and jou the Vigilance Coumitiee snd their party, Siused: thats proposition was sflerwards made vat shonlel, atthe expense of the Comuitiee, pro- York and return in the're ct steamer, which waa : that previous to the proposition chai he should i New York and return agai. he was informed by the guard who iad charge of the eel! that the Committee were erecting a gallows and that he was afraid that the Committee intended to bang this depopent, that aaid guacd prevended to b nd, and si¢ that deponent Would net wisely in sub> to leave San Fravetseo ir ving of said pe, | 5 scell, wih his e mentions! aod mart, and in tear whieh a large number of men were formed inio a square, cach and all of whom were fully armed with side sword, bayonet and That the square, with ant ‘yn ndof the wharf, and the Freneh battalion, rt of the sqtare, commenced drilling th where be stood, and he verily believes & few moments afterwards a be was, put on board, ipped to Ans r proceeded \ a clipper ship thea in the harbor called the Carrier Dove, and made fast to sald ship aud towed her to sea’ that about daylight the maid, steamtug h pineed at the ined Jeft said ship at wea. this de 0 food except a Part of 4 roast ft mem; that he w le for the Ume that he Was handeuiled to nitend to ub nature; aad while a! sea was very sick and without of relieving his {itaess; that at about four o'clock noo of sald day the Va camer Golden ran out to the said steamtug, and this deponent was ‘ransierred 10 ait steamer an! placed in the steerage, agatnet hue consent, without money. ed or bedding, or any rocane of alieviadn, hia liiness, which coninaed ‘oe several days afer he was placed on board the steamer Golden Age, 4 upti! he was aioed by half days afterwards t ageengers; that about seven apd a al senmer arrived al Acapuleo, where he Was prevente | (rom landing by a guard of the Vigh: lmnce Commitiee; that ater several hours’ detention in harbor of Acapnicn, this deaponent a in int od made good A landing «¢ Acapateo, where he was wiibin two or three days after himself with food swan the Own af Ban Fran armed had, on the day he was » board the sieamer, been’ @yuatted on and in by A member of the said Vigilance Corn od he was aeredior of ” tent of between four and. which unable to obtain io plese has been is ¥, A street in San Fi pleted, amountin haakd contract and tho pi P sax Hot to tie rponent hy the’ action of the oof While . Dows, member ot tefen lant Wasa member: and Jedail in the cell of this depo: Jo Rxecatice Conumaitter Commitier, and that detendant ‘areest ond tinprisonment of the ‘uve theretas and that he of the faote and er ors of said V il knowledge 0: riaintlf, and participated and w wad» kno ton ot 5 and ta and imprisonment of the pial borg: mentioned, acted as the agent of coin! whieh the defendant Was one; end eneh and all « ve vets of each Capprice and the who arrest ot Nad“ iempriagned the piainat, “aad who sited tm Sicine him (rom San Francisco, were dong and Under the direction and by advier of the defendant Vigilance Committee, and the said Kxeentive Committees, And thie deponent (urther says, that anid defendant, James Dows, * manor great wealth, and said to be worth at least (wo erformed and sat hundred thowsaed dollars: and doponent prays that «att de- fomiont may be held to beil by an order of this court in the vm of one hnndred dollars, which: vat eb and boliewes to be A reasonable amount of = h amount of ball be firm in 1 in view of Soheres the SANK. molt bis defendant nish. ‘Srorn to before me. thig 4th day of October, A. 1 ASO, Son. B, Swas, Commicsioner of Deeds. An order of summons was taken out by the piaimtil’e attorney, returnable within twenty days:— ‘i hereby summoned and required to anwer the com valet in tide ‘action, which Will be filed tn the office of the Merk of the elty aud county of New York, at the City Hall, in the city of New York, snd to serve a copy of your answer to the said complaint on the subscriber, at his office, number HD Nasa cireet, in said city, within twenty days after the servies Mt yor : ¥ sore : id, the pluntit in this action will apply to the court for: the relief demanded in the eomp mint. bain D. K. SICKLES, Plaintil™s Attorney. ee! ‘Tuatnane.—The first concert of Thaiberg, the great pianist, will be given at Niblo’s Saloon, on the evening of the 20th inst, Wo may expect ® groat cethering of the (ite of the art and fashiorablo world, The aifair should kanye taker place at the Academy MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS. BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. N. ©. Ely in the chair, In the absence of Me, Valen- tine, who is confined to his house by illness, Me, Young, bis ceputy, acted as clerk. The Mayor and Recorder were both absent. Several petitions for the correction of taxes were re ceived and referred. The Dill of Maris Heimes, for $16, for three months services at Jefferson market, was order- ed to be paid CORO NR’ ATES. e Coroners, amouutivg to $4,084 21, for g 30t2 Septomber, 1856, were roferred to ihe Committes on County Offices. 01 ICATION FROM TH COMPTROLLER, Mr Flegg ent in the foliowing communication: — The Receiver of Taxes, who is required to account for the fu) suponnt of the tmx ro}! “elivered to him by the of be. pervitors Sesires to have the volts made to Conform to the re tnixwtons which Were roadie by the Board before the tax woe exicnded. The Sapervisors. tt will be remembered, fosiead of giving the wu authority to the Comptrat make these correct emt fi The bills of the quarter en ptrolier. uni of the tax aa extended, chiged ou hems wolch were erased that of Com trom the rolls oF allowed toc umote Mr. Howard will pre sent a statement emptes from taxation er allewed to 0 r of he Board of Supervisors, whieh Rourd of avjusiing the matter as the case now stacds Respretfally kc, A. U, FLAGG, COMMEMICTION PROM THE RECHIVER OF TAXES, following communication was received from the Th e! eine obliged to eal! the attention of your be BUMerOos errors coplained im the tax 1 hooor ble toard and woul@ port the body, aa rendered by ma@ te must be belay made saints ar pould he well preparing or 6 required by 00 the books, LV dhave DO power whavever to Porreet ihe more glaring Resp HEN HO LOW RD, hn, 19th and Diet Wards, $4,176,606; U0 96, tax reduced, $465; amount dé, am uonng te 4 of Supervisors aud su tojane- ng tue confirmation veluauon of the Part Hounty ext wi fovr 0 ¢ BOARD Of ALDERME Joe meeting of the October semnton beckur, eee eive (wad referred, now) pv TINE MAYOR, Loo was reeeved trom the A oumber of petit SATION OF CORPORATION CF as were Ai rmay Y move? toe ¢ nor’ nation, Om the Molcu being put, « was curried by @ vole ore we 6, Aves biterme Fooly Hlotimire, Clancy, ‘Tnekson ve Herrick McConkey, Beiggs. tae President, Pallmer, nwa eT OF THK 64 ouet—oRREE aw EW FORK war reeetved al report of the an abetrac toe Mayor, trans ssiet of Poliae, of A communication wit ing the nemi an which the followwg ea show the une to he the patier of the rps “The chic offences Arson, 9; assauli with bg tem a sgttenaien i cig, ie (et money, staten g0ds. tolating Cawr- the same time here w againat property; | 67.3 vie'stions ‘ere reported to’ the Coruoration Attorn: nccommodat n BOY one Ww eT enlor, condition, & etawe the re) day. are in 4 ote policemen. Of tapates, 44 Heutenants, these 181 are detatled ‘The tables were vot accompanied by any report or re- fererce to their offences or amounis. A PROPOSITION TO THVIDR THR GOVERNMENT OF NEW YORE INTO TWO MENIOUALITINS. Alderman Vawax presented the following preambie and ree lution — Whereas, the whole stent of Manbailan Island is likely soom to he covered with & por. + Wh the ALE pia of every variety of business enterprise, “ani ast wi be found impoanile for » single innnleipai povernment in its wre- sent loeation one bead Jate with proper im entire tsiand, oF to a@- win estabiishment with to the interests of the tax w believed by many refiedt- ing minds thal one of the principal causes of the preseut de- fective government of the city arises from the great exveat of 4 Kergeants, 3 the field of its operations, und the conse qnent taposslMlity of providing for local wanis and of exercising thal local yigiinmom and economy Wi aieipal gover ace erential to good pent; it "Resolved, Tht x (ive members of thie Board be’ appointed to inquire into the expediency of applying to the Legisinture for the emactinent of m the islond of Mai muni- cipalities, with a view to its beter government, aud ® greater degree of responsibility and e2onomy in the adm tra on of its ailairs. Keterred. ‘The committee not yet name |. MISCELLANEOUS MATTRRS, wie A petition from the owners of property in = ly», praying for better accommodation on the Reese velt street terry, was received and referred. An-ordi-~ parce to divide the Nineteenth ward into four election *tetricts; adopted. An invitation was received from the Chiet Engineer of the Fire Department, aking the mea- bers of the Bowed ana the city government to review the Fire nt while passing throngh the Park ta frome of the City Hall, at 544 o'clock, on the oocasion of a gram@ ‘on tho Lith inst, The Board resolved to moot om ys, Wednesdays and Vritays, until the business of the session ts disposed of, Adjourned, BOARD OF COUNCILMEN, ‘The firet regular meeting of this Board for the preseas month, was heid last evening, B. F. l'ekney, sq., Pre- sident, in the cbair. In consequence of there aot being a suficient bomber of members present to form @ quorum, the Board adjourted to Wedacsday. Coroner's Inquest. DRATH OF A STRANGER CHARACTES BY SUICTOR. Coroner Connery was called upon to bold an inquest yesterday, at the Franklin Square Hotel, No, 323 Peae® Street, upon the body of aman named John F. Rogers, ‘Who committed suicide, as it is supposed, by taking am overdore of laudanum. The decowes, it appeared, wae an Epglishman by birth, but had beon # resitont of thie committee of j a ig; Fg, i gE ti ‘ ind 4 i HE e H #E z 4 a a3 le i R ae fi +4 iF ei Hi! <= i L ofl : i | i ; | iii i i Hil if § i i i f I i He it : g i ; E i j i z i af Hq 5 i I EEE i t ! 5 3 3 H Fy 5 i : A i i