The New York Herald Newspaper, November 8, 1851, Page 3

tome! - Oregon. Exton, Umpqua Co., Oregon, Sept. 3, 1351. Dhe Umpqua Region of Oregon——The Indians—The Climate— Want of BMechamics and tiwir Familes— Society--Postal ts — Navigation. Thinking that a descrip:ion of this portion of “Oregon territory would be acceptable, | take the Jiverty of sending this, leaving it discretionary with you to publish it or not. The mouth of the river from which the county takes its name is situated ia latitude forty-three de- grees forty-five minutes north Tho eatrance, though narrow, is far better than that of the Colum” bia, and affords a large and safe harbor for vessels. ‘The least quantity of water on the bar at ebb tide 38 three anda half fathoms. ‘ho river is navigablo for light draught vessels as high up a3 Scottsville, twenty-four miles from the mouth; vessels dra ving sixteen feet of water can proceed as high upas Gar- diner, sixteen miles. A little more than twelve months ago, no white man ever trod upon these shores ; it was inhabited bya tribe of Indians, who hunted the bear, beaver, otter, and deer, for their skins, which they bartered to the Hudson Bay Com- pany fer blankets, knives, &c. Now there are over one bundred white mon settled on the prairies and in the woods. When one first enters the river, he is disappointed. On the right rise the hills of the coast range, covered with timber, the growth of centuries ; on the left lies a long strip of sandbank, about three miles in extent, on which the Indians reside, di the winter and spring, for the pur- pose of catching seal and herring, with which that part of the river abounds. As you procecd up, the river widens, until you reach Gardiner, which is the first place of any note, although there are a few houses on the sandbank above mentioned, which the inhabitants call Ump- qua City. Gardiner is situated on the left bank of ie river, and has some eight or ten inhabitants It is located on a flat, about two miles long by on> anda broad, and contains six houses. Here the river narrows again to almost one half, running as before, between the mountains, a3 far up ag Soottsville, eight miles from Gardiner. There is one continuous range of hills on cithor aide, while scattered here and thore, are to be seen the cabin of the hardy woodchopper, who squats tomporaril for the purpose of cutt! piles tor the San Fran cisco market. Scottsville, situated on the sam side of the river, is almost under the brow of tho mountains, and is quite a town. It has twelve houses, five stores, aud about twenty inhabitants. The river not being navigable any further, one must either take an Indian canoe or terra firma for tive miles more, when he enters poet the first prai- tie, which is thirteen miles long by one and a half broad, covered with verdure the year round. Here you see the log house of the settler, and hear the song of the ploughwan, as, with his oxen, he turns up the soil tor cultivation. The soil is very fertile indeed, fee abundant creps, with but little labor. fter leaving the first prairie, you pass over ¢r arouud what is called the * Big Hill,” a moun- tain some two miles high, when you come upon tae Second prairie, or, more properly speaking, the Umpqua Valley. Ilere is a prairie, on both sides of tbe river, forty miles long and from two to two and a half broad, with hills at the back, covered with a good assortment of timbor. Thirty-six miles from the mouth is tho fort or trading post of of whiskey, aod by the pay pen marksmen, aad pract! r of war their first vo'ley is nearly always fatal, but cash succeeding coy yes by Do means go certain. When firing any length of time, they transfer the bullets from their pouches to their mouths, and pay but little attention to loading, and scarcely use any wee. ae aH opastearehte drab » = vant o! title, which, to be effeotive, sho be carefelty loaded. pas order Py recnails, hese leew “bp the War partment, to employ Indians in oultival ar dens at the atin moan for the purposo are ay ing the treops with vegetables; the expense to bo paid out of post fuad, (which is created by re- taining and selling one-third of tke rations of bread allowed to each eoldier). It would ba impractica- ble to carry out this order here, as tha Indiaas would not work, for any consideration. We have, however, a gardea, and raise bags, beaas, matoes, &c. It requires considerable care, tae sects ard raiag doing muoh mischief. ‘The troops at present in the field comprise four companies of the First artillery. Taree of saese (B, (G, and H) aro stationed at this post; the other (i) garrisons at Fort Meade, on Pease Ureeit, a stream which marks the northern boundary of the lodiaa territory. Alarge number of buildings have bea put up at these places, some of which would do credit to places having more signs of prosperity than we can hope for; and they speak well for the artizans connected with the army, who, ia addition to their military duty, have designed and construct ed them. We have had considerable change a@mong our officers within the last few moaths. Croneral Cailds, who was assigned to the command here, has beea ordered to California, and iz, 1 believe, at present in Washington. Colonel Winder succeeded him, and at present commands this post. Dr. Crane, who has been in Florida three years, continually on duty, has gone to the North on furlough. While here he was most attentive to tae wants of the mon under his care, and did everything in his power toaddto their comfort. He is relieved by Dr. Sloan. Captain Fowler died at this post last month; he distinguished himself while in the services, and was breveted for gallant oonduot during tha laat war. Lately ho was unfortunate, consequent on some difficulty he had wish his commanding officer ‘The past summer has been excessively warm; the thermometer, during the mouths of June and July, ranging from 58 to 46 degrees. It has been very severe on the soldiers, who bave been compelled to work, exposed to ® burning heat; and their food and accommodation not being of tho best kind, they have, in consequence, suifered considerably from sickness. That the mon should work hard was, to a certain extent, nocessary, as instructions were issued by the (Quartermaster General to use all possible economy in that department, Congress having refused, last sessien, to vote the amouat, ag estimated by him, which procluded the omploymont of citizens in any capacity; but alarge discretionary power lies with the commaading ofticer of a post as to the nature of the work, and the amount of it, to be performed by the men; and truth compels me to say, that this power was never used in favor of the soidier, however much humanity required taat it should be. About five miles from here, on the bank of the river, is the spot where Gen. Harney’s force was mas- sacredin 1339. Hewas sent with thirty dragoons, by General Taylor, to establish a trading store during a suspension of hostilities, or rather after a treaty of peace. Tri i riendship of the Indians, he was surprised at night by 200 warriors, under Bowlegs, tweuty of his men murdered, the Hudson Say Company, which, until within a few years, bas been under the charge of a half- breed Indian, but is now in charge of a Mr. Kiag, whose kindness and gentlemanly qualitios has endeared him to al! en the river. * ‘There are ceveral creeks emptying into the Ump- qua, which would be advantageous for mill privi- leges. ‘There is in course of erection a saw mill ; ae grat mill would pay equally as weil, if not etter From this point is the easiest and most direst route to the Roguo river, Klamath, and Scott’s river mines, which aro eaid to yield handsomely to the industrious miner. are passing, almost daily, to and from the mi: mostof the provi- sions consumed there go from Scottsville, distance 2 il Mr. Coe, the new postal low days since, of a tour ot ished post offices at the following Be ye3 : ‘Smpqua City, Gardiner’s, Scottsville, and Elkton; the latter being nearest to me, { have dated this from there. Tne P. M.S. o.’s steamer Columbia owas ordored to call inat the m to deliver and Teceive the mails for the Valley; but the captain states, a8 an excuse, that there is not sufficient water onthe bar. Now, thisis not true, for tho following veesels have boen in and gone out of this harbor: :—sehooner Samuel Roberts, drawing 3 feet; b TeClellan, 10 to 12 feet; schooner Capa pection, city, 11 oat; bark Miuerva, 16 fest, doep loaded and] am told the Columbia draws but 14 to 15 feet. Wo receive the mail once a week, via Portland. Skould there be any mechanios in your wou'd wish to turn farmers tradcs and to who and work at their tend them out here ‘here is land enough spare. A man who will settleon a piece of ives 160 acres, and if married, will got th H We 9 see the coantr wheelwrights, ts. Ofthe above, there are but two carpen- tersamong us. If any of vs wants a horse shod, we must go to Portland or Oregon City; and for metding boots and shoes, thatisa thing “e blo. Send them eut, as many as will come, and let them bring their wires a There are but four they are ali married; for the le to baild up society. within 30 miles, and so you see there is a chance As te climate, none need fear on that score. It is most ealubrious. There have been but three deaths in twelve months, one was by an accidental discharge of a pistol, and twe by the upsetting of atau boat. Our winters are of short duration, ard aro no colder than the month of March at home, and what is far more preferable, we have no snow. Our cattle roam the hills all wiater, and we are not obliged to house and feed them at that season as they do at home. Yours, truly, FRNELON. Plovt More About the Indians and t vernment Troops: Cantoosanatcner, Fet.ires, East Fuogiva, Oct. 22, 1551 We have been expecting, for the last two months, Colonel Cooper, lately appointed Indian Agent for this State. It is rumoured he is the bearer of somo yw proposal on the part of government to induce our Indians to leave, and is authorized to expend $400,000, if successful. Ile is a man of considerable experience, and was employed in conducting the re- moval of the Cherokees from Georgia. It is doubt- ful that he will have any success with the Seminoles, as they are not disposed to be so eubmissive as the Cherokees; but the United yates is following out the principle which it has strictly adhered to since Florida came into its possession, of endeavoring to have those ludians permanently located beyond the Mississippi. Two years ago there was offered 3300 and a year's support to each of the tribe that would consent to emigrate. It had onlya partial effect, and but few families loft. The inducement has re- mained open to them cinco; and though continually reminded, they have refuse availing themselves o it—love of country and <lislike of change being stronger than a desire of gain. The chiefs wore offered $5,000 each. The mission of Colone Cooper is probably intended to renew these offers, and press the necessity of emigrating matter intended to benefit thei more thant 3 aod to point out the advantage of settling in a country where they will be free from any encroachment, and under the particular care of the government. A considera! expense has been entailed on the coun- uence of these indians remaining hore. ound necessary to continually in the paci position of the only wait a favorable opportunity, wi would be anticipated, to fall on the se! devastate the country. T' oreditablo, inarmuch as ticularly the Western on: infancy with obstacles greater than and in most instances succeeded in living at peace red man; and when obliged to combat done so with but little aid from the Some fow years ago, when it was to send all the regular troops to of the militia had to be called into the s+ United States, to protect the State during their absonce—so that at no timo has the place been without military protection. All the efforts mado to remove these Indians, 2. to this timo, tent, proved fruitiess; yed fer, by all classes oon- overnment, that Col. Cooper may have the credit of at last succeeding; sot in the first place, the poople may have no further excuse owing Florida—to which nature has given so ny advantages—to fall so far behind its sisters; and the next, that the troops (some of whom are here over two y end useful employm ie Ina , whose aly erim: citizens of this State for ‘The warriors that visit us are very fond of pastime in which their negroes join. hey gonorally form in a ring, \d od wom d keep moving rapidly, dancing me time putting their persons in the most g us shaoes. Daring the perform: | bce they coteesla (uemevirer by copious draugiis | having himself narrowly escaped to the river and swam to a boat lying in the stream. Ie afterwards iated for this act of treachery, and, at tho pre- me, his name is a terror among the eo Som ington, Wasutneton, D. C., Nov. 2, 1951. The Presidential Asprrants— What arerheir Chances? —The Next Congress. The “Greer and Donaldson cerrespondence,” joke or no joke, hoax or no heax, real or idea’, has pro- duced its effect—a wonderful, important,and in some respects, a terrible effect. It bas proven a perfect bomb shell, a touch above the hand grenade inthe camp, and among the ranks of the Pai Whereas, aforetime those distinguished recipients of political fortune’s favors, Cass and Buchanan, were known to be in hostile array, and their seve- ral partisans ready in Pennsylvania and elsewhere, to playthe game of the Kilkenny cats; so it may now be considered certain that Gea. Houston and Judge Douglass occupy the same position. Those four ‘‘prominent” and ardent aspirants for the most honorable and reeponsible place known among ans, may be considered completely ir, amiable, complacent, and fail so far ag appearances warrant a judgment—but within, at beart, filled with venom, jealousy, and aii uneharitableness. Any one that supposes for a moment that the props and pillars of the party, or as they have some- times been called, the dead weights, tho old fogies, will permit young America or the young democracy to rua young Dougiasson to the track, without a struggle, a vigorous life-like struggle, they are egregiously in the dark. Dougiass has to make head against the combined and concentrated ener- gies of Cass, Butler, Buchanan, Houston, Marcy, etal ; while it may reazonably be anticipated that at the pinching time, certain ms of one Howell Cobb, and one Me: S. Foote, will be ably, elo- quently, and pertioasiousiy urged. All the elements of opposition combined, it is not exactly an easy task to cypher out a satisfactory result for the “young Giant of the W "even wit! @ poten- ual and almost magic aid and comfort of m and steamships. The aliusion to steam will readily be understeod in and around the Astor H . and the Argus oilice, aa it has been and is bere, about the capitol and Calverts’ Hotel. Un the other hand, no o! tall aw frit, no shrewd, observant, or sensibl a. but that can seo with half an eye, the game of Thurlow Weed, the manager of Seward and Sewardiem. He does not desire and does net intend that any whig shall be elected the next President of the Uuited staves, erpeciaily, should Mr. Fillmore hie cabinet, secure the nomi betng Fer lly considered low Weed has become satistiod no proper available candidate for INi2 is prepa Hence he d to allow the election to go by default He bas figured it all out, and demonstrated to his | own eatistaction, that according to the course of na- ture, both the ‘Sage of Ashiand” and the “Ciodlike Daniel,” filled and covered with all earthly honors by A. D. 1596, willhave been gathered to their fa- thera, will have gone down to the dark and at | vaults at an honored and honorable ripe old ag Thurlow Weed and his coadjators are killing Gea | Scott with kindne nd he has proven to hisown satisfaction, that in 1856, not one of thes? omineat men, Clay, Webster, or Scott, will stand in the highway of his vaulting ambition. The i such case, who so weil supplant the favorite, balk the enemy, or meekly wear the honors, as Wm. H Seward! ‘This is the @ that Thurlow Weed is playing. But he mus ik well to it, he must not jose @ single trick. He may perhaps be able to afford an election by default of a democratic Prosi- dent, in case any one not upto his mark shall be no- minated by the to which he has profesred to belon; les of which he has pro- Ne more or lev Meantime, the F ore administration is moving on smoothly and harmeniously, tho report: ira mors to the contrary notwith i i stood that while ke remains ivecally declared his correct, hove st, imy m. Mr. Webster is tho orly open candidate for the Presidency, connavcted with | the administration {t is well known that Mr. Fillmore is the preferred of Mr. Clay, as Mr. Clay basalways been tho first choice of Mr Fillmore | Neverthelese, Mr. Filimore would not put a straw in the way of Mr. Webster's political adv Neither, it is believed, wouid | members of th inet. These gi bave aspiratio: litical, are youn; We had almost forgotten to mention the fact, that Gen. John E. Wool, “the hero ef Buena Vista,” is here, making the sixth name in Wash- ington, in connection with the Presidency. We have some knowledge of Gen. Wool, his ‘antece- nough to wait dents and Fu It is an old saying, and worthy some acceptation, in a ing of one's “chances” for any piace or bf thing—" he hae as much chance aa a stump-tailod bovine in fly ti 4 The whol of Congress at the coming session wil be oven; t God defend tie ight manafacture of a President. Wasuinaton, Nov. 2, 1951. Our Foreign Relations — Mr. Crittenden’s Letter —The President ond Mr. Webster—Our position towards Spain—The Previous Instructions of owr Government, Fc. Ieee from that reliable print, the Philadelphia North American, that another effort is now making to misrepresent our foreign relations, and to load the public to suppose that there are divisions in the cabinet on any of the topics connected with the de partment of the State. Mr. ttenden’s letter in reply to the joint representations of France and Spain, is spoken of as eclipsing Mr. Webster's lot- ter to Chevalier Hulsemano, and what not. Thon the people are led to bell that the “ colebrated Clayton aad Bulwer trea ig about to be aban. doved, aa if that treaty were really some chef a x-Secretary of State, or av if Mr. Clayton in making that treaty, bad actually known what ho was doiog, and what was the sabject matter of his treaty. All these rumors, letters, statements oa authori- ty, &c, amount to nothing. I have no doubt bu’ taat Mr. Crittenden wrote a very creditable letter ; but I ehall never believe that Mr. Fillmore acted without Mr. Wobster’s advice, nor do | believe that: Mr. Webster, informed of the actual state of things, fs the President without bis invaluable couasel. that sho President could asto act against th of State ia vice aud counsel ‘ofth ter la which the expert. of that secretary, bot! bave commanded a egatrouin and the country. Mr. Ur must have agreed with the views of Mr. Wadsiar. There can be no rew! ditioulty between the go- yernment in Washington and the govarnmenta of France end Spain, on account of their offering to do that which we cre willing and bonad todo ourselves Our government cannot zanction, and will do ailia its power to intercept piratioal expeditions agalast @ friendlyfpower, and th iz, beaidea, she act of Can gros ot 1813, which the President is compelled by the constitution to exccute. That subject ca net, as I conceive, lead to any serious difficulty. As to the claima of the late Spanish Consu! New Orleans, for damages sustained from the legs proceedings of a mob, no one caa doubt the right of the Spanish government, under the law of vations, to prefer ana maintain them. And it ba- comes a great nation like our own, above all things, to be just, if not generous, towards a weaker power. Nothing has injured Engiand or France so much in the estimation of the world, as the injustioe both have, at times, been guilty of towards weaker na- tions than themselves. [am not aware that Spain bas eet vp ciaims for icdemuification of ber subjecta not holding official positions. On the other band, we have a great interest to protect Spain in the possession of Cuba against apy maritime power in the world. |t is well kaowa that General Jacksen directed Mr. F mrik to in- form the Spanish government that she might rely oa the asaisti f the United States, in case o} attempted ure of the island of Cuba by Crreat Britain. The same assurance wad afterwards ee to Spain by Mr. Webstor, Seoretary of State, through Mr. Washington Irving, then our Minister to Spain, aad | am not aware that the policy of the government has changed in that respeat. As to the Clayton treaty, all! have to say is that goverpment of Nicaragua is non est inventus, and that the committee from the five Central Amorican States, who attend to the foreign relations of the league in embryo, ad interim, is not quite ready to transact business. From Mr. Letcher, our Minister to Mexico, we have as yet had no other news than that of his ar- rival. Should there be any which it is proper to communicate to the public, it will be furnished you y. Pozzo p: Borgo. Need I say that the “rumor” of Mr. Hulzemann’s being instructed bebe overnment to demand his paesports, ia case Kossuta is received with the ho- nors of war, ia a hoax? P. vo B. Ur0 pe, Qa4st 1B induence with him tenden’s letrer, thea, Wasuixaion, Novemoer5, 1351. Grand Movement of the Burnburners—Attempted ton of tie Van Buren Dynasty—IV. O. While the whole couatry is overdowing with Union triumphs, a silent, cautious, yet bold gama is going on forthe Presidency. For months past, Martin Van Buren, John Van Buren, Thomas H. Benton, Francis P. Blair, David Wilmot, and Pres- ton King, have put their heads together to hit on tome plan to eflect a restoration of the Van Bursa dynasty. After various conferences, they agreed to take up Levi Woodbury, who, having been a mem- bor of Mr. Van Burea’s cab. was thought most likely to conform to their views. Mz. Woodbury had secured valuable alliances at the South; and besides, ke wasa New Hampsbire man, and could unite the New England votes, in convention. Aoc- cordingly, Mr. Woodbury, in his charge te tho Grand Jury in Boston, Newport, and other places, took the ground that the Fugitive Slave law must bo executed ‘till the law is repealed,” hoping by that means to satisfy the South, without offending the free soil wing of the democracy. The death of Mr. Woodbury lefé the gentlemen above namedina dilemma. They had to select between two candidates, deeming all others out of the question. And upon com paring notes, and after a long correspondence with their friends in several sections of thecountry, they ast concluded to transter their affection, to iam ©. Butler, of Kentucky, who, Iike (ren. Taylor, was to be a Southern man with Northern principles. William ©, Butler, therefore, is to be brought forward asthe barnburrer candidate; bis Southe: sufficient to make him, es norine, tan is not to drop Cass quietly; Bis own lieutenant, to make bis m: ry prefourd and psinful. Tho nomination of any other candidate, it is theught, would be an indirect Cass triumph; bet to unto: second in command, Of course all the encral Cass are to be proceribed, and Colone! Benton, himself, will, as Secretary of State, be entrusted the formation of General Butler's cabinet. new Lugland States are now being canvassed {or General Batler, and the various nominations there made are only inter.ded to ccnceal the hands of the actors. 1 bave taken some pains to ascertain whethor Josbua R. Giddings and Senator Cuase, of Ohio, are in the movement: but, as yet, | learned nothing poritive on the subject, and | would not venture, therefore, tocharge them with co-operation in the above scheme General, Butler bas always been a ‘arorite with the barnburvers, who declare 1548, that, had Butler been nominated for the Presidency, they might have supported bim, toa wan. Depend on it, Nam O. Butler willbe @ strong man in convention, and the New England free soulera will lead off for him. Colonel Benton i+, at this timo, as dangerous a mao a8 be was in the Senate, and as powertul in his com- binations as ever. You remember how near he come ruling and ruining Polk Cyc ; P. 5. You will fiod that the ultra South, with the leader, and take the ike his fall complete. Jef Davis at their head, will be as active support. ers of Generel W. O. Butler 2s Colonel Benton and Francis P. Biair. The coion of the barnburners ard secessionists is thougat the most powerful com- bination on the political chess-board. its success would re-open the slavery question, and give Colonel Benton a second chance of upsetting the omnibus, Putiapeu » Oct. 20, 1551 The Recent Election in Pernsylvania~ The Resw!! ond its Effct—Nomins of Gen. Wool for the Preidency, ond Mr. Buchanan or Mr. Dallas for the Vice Presidency ‘The philosopby of the late e} nin this Com monwealth is but imperfectly understood outside of cur own borders. There has been a singular coa leseing of cliques and interests which has produced very curious results. The Presidential question has much to do with the defeat of Judge Campbell, but it had nothing at all to do with the elestion of Vol Bigler. Coi. Bigier was the candidate of the people in Isi8; bad be then re d the nomin ho would bave beon elected, and Gen. Cars w now be the Prosigent of the United Statos. Ile was thrust aside by euch politicians as ex-Crovernor Porter, aided by his supple instruments, Jame Campbell, Robert Tyler, the bobtails of the old defunct and expired State and national administra tions. Morris Longstreth was a radical of the strictest sect by profession, but did not hesitate to bargain and intrigue with the most corrupt and abandoned politicians, to stifle the public voice col diplomacy on the part of Gen Taylor's | gey) He was properly defeated at this time—Gov. Por- been a fixed peopl Bigler for their candidate tho politicians, tri to their instincts and interests, have been rannin, race to see who could frst i ‘ yooenes ~ mig tate wi - e cians, Wi jon, Wore at heart ogainet hin raat, led by the Penne . The 7 lewing of Bigler a At this po tied, Judge Campbell was in Noe ranks of Go- vernor Porter, and one of the bitterest revi lets of ex-Secret of State, for aileged heartlessness. Thomas MeOully, who waa a can- didate for Postmaster during Mr. Polk's adunioi tration, ard who, although regularly nominated, was defeated in the first the clique of politicians who control the Pennsy(va- nium When the amendment to the constitution, making cur judiciary elective, was ratilied a yoar ego, it was arta by the Court of Conimon Piens benoh, of wi Canspbell was the politica! manager, that li 0 President Judge, should go upon the Supreme Boneh; Parsons was to re- sign, Kelly to be nominated, Campbell to be made President J) , and one associate {eteae wae left open ti scrambled for by the outsiders Thidgs went sinoothly enough until Campbell toade up his mind that he was too opaiar to be tun the city and county of Pailade Ho! ey "~ fhaoay costgmyd Qu Gag optiarly ites istrict for Congress, by | and fears, and povpeced of the characters ot down ia Binet for the urt, where the State 5 t's rity could save bim, for the ident ju: iP, where bis great legal reputation, and the orsal sure bis eucsess and the whele confidence of the bar and the comm » would in- King demurred, he was ambitious, ould not brook such @ ition, which his friends told bim would be like Placing the owl above the orthe cat above the lion. C li firat ane and whined, t! threatened; was inflexible, and a fierce war was the consequence for the eles- tion of the delegates Campbe: succeeded, by the parpekeation of fi at the ry meet: ings. The opposition to him embraced the dom cratic portion of the bar, with but here and thei an exception, and based entirely upon Lis mental im, y aod utter incapacity for esting: the twenty delegates e city and county of Pailadelp tia of his own, ion'y to promote bis intereate, be was by ns e, for tae country bar had never heard of Lim but as a pot-house politictan, But be had twenty votes tu sell to other candidates ; and it was sees ted he could give, by the same means, control ot the potent 1olve of the city and county in favor of Mr. Buchanan, if he thoug’t propor. True, he had denounced Mr. B ; but what mattered that, if be could ba made a supreme judge. Negotiationa were Opened, anda treaty concluded. Judge Campbell Was to give Mr Buchanan the twenty delegates, thia winter, to the State Convention, and Mr. Bu- chanan was to endorse Judge Campbeil’s oom; tenoyand fitness to the couatry, and give him his ardent cupport. Mr. Buchanan had ever beo! favorite ot the democracy of the city and co! and this arrangement was thonghs by his to secure him the vote of thie State in the next tional Convention. Governor Bigler stood aloof from ali of these bargains. Conscious of his owa strength with the mazses, and his personal know- ledge of the heartiesaness of the conteacting partie he properly refused to commit himself, either di- rectly or indirectly, to any of these Presidential or judicial airangements, and studiously avoided to make oither Mr. Buchanan or Judge Campbell a art of his pregrammoe forthe campaign. He apoke In pearly every county in the State tor the demo- cratic party, of which he was the choseu standard- bearer, never (oMenat to tho right or the lett, from the great principles of the party, or shrinking from a tull advocacy of all of the compromise measures of the Juss session of Congress, ia cluding the Fugitive Slave law. He did not advocate an ‘‘amendmont of the @onstitution,” or go forthe line of 36 deg 30 min.; but, thinking our constitution, as it is, good enough, he was satisfied with the compromise of the slave ques tion, as agroed upon by a Clay anda Cass, a Web- ster and Douglass, a Dickinson anda Fillmore. la aword, be was forthe Union and the constitution, administered upon democratic principles. He fought the battle skilfully, and ably, and honestly, and he triumphed by over nine thousand majoricy. He undoubtedly received the votes of fifteen hun- dred or two thousand whigs—but he lost mere b: | Judge Campbell's frionds trading with the friends | of Governor Johnston, thinking Bigler was strong exscugh ; they hoped to keep their friend up, not- withstanding tbe great weight he had to carry. So much for Bigler’s ag and the victory of the party; now for the killed and wounde: Campbeli was defeated by at least half of Higle majority, in the cily and county alone; be was | beaten yada Coulter over ten thousand votes, | while Johnston only beat Bigler twenty-seven hun- dred, but in this defeat Buchanan is neither cGamaged nor destroyed. I doubt very much, but | for the anti-Buchanaa elements in this opposition to | Campbell, ifbe could bave been defeated. Look at Dauphin county, the residence of General Cameron, and in every quarter of the State, where ho is judged to have infuence, and you plainly see his footprints in Campbell's vote. buchanan’s friends, in this result, see the handwriting on tho wall, and it is evident that, to carry Pennsylvania, he must bo nominated. ‘The feud is s0 bitter between the friends of Cass and Buchanan, that toither of them could be nominated with a pros- ect of carrying this State. Wool, of Now ork, would receive the votes of Pennsylvania, ily Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire, it; Dougtaes might, if he be not too much involved in present intrigues and past issues. The true philosophy of the election in this State is, that it has “shelved all of the old intriguing Luvkers, and the pose owerof the “tate has passed into the hands of the fresh mena of (he party, and the proximate results of which will bo the placing upon the track, for the race of ’52, of General Jehu &. Wool, of New York, tor Presi- den’, and James B vaenia, for Vie What demo upon such at v Geo. M. Dallas, of Peansyl- orth or South, could not rally bis? ASAX. Albany, Acwany, Nov. 6, 1351. Turiel— Great Enthusiasm--The Abo- Silver Groys Again at War— -or ganization t of the election in this city and county nded the partisans on every side. It has iscomfiture of the whigs, by ma astances, which scems incredible” r. Perry, the democratic candi rolisup to near a thousand, being dred more than he reseived in Aprij ecorder is also elected on the same ticket, by some seven kurdred, toge!her with a ma- jority of the Board of Aldermen. In the coun! Te Tab t, by large majorities. Such an over g victory they havo never ob*sined in thi’ locality, as the city and county combined has al, Weys been considered sure for nearly five hundred on the whig side The turn which the election has taken here, ba been produced, in a great measure, by the insolence andeflrontory of the abolition whigs. Thoy had the power in all the nominating conventions, and would not suffer a silver grey on apy ticket as a candidate for any important office. ‘hey had no more chance efa whig nomination than a democrat ‘The silvers mutterea deep, but not loud. ‘i'aey d caticfied with the ticket. and manifested no “They had secret fora month previous to the election, at D d. They voted the whig caption, but scarcely a oted for a whig candidate. The canvass shows unmistakesble evidence that nincteen-twoa- tieths of the silver grays voted for the democratic candidates ‘Ibe whigseupposed their candidate for Ccunty Judge waz invulnerable, and offered hea bets upon bim, even after the polls were clos ‘tion whig proffered » bet, and chal- | lenged a democrat to tho test, a silver gray would give the wink or nod to the democrat, and they were invariably taken. The canvass defeats the whig catdidate, andi brings with it the greatest mortifica- tio te the polls were closed, Weed, through his emissaries, overod that the silver grays were playing foul, his paper, issued about ¢ the day of the election, be came out and d the national administration, and ttempting to produce a defeat of the The abolition whigs imagine that, @ the silver grays to swallow the nomi- rations, their candidates would be elected, aad then they could exclaim upon the election of cach man, “there's a Seward man olected ;” and that section would ob the credit. The silver grays, knowing that th istration could gain nothing by elect- whig ticket, preferred the alternative of do- it rather thhn that Mr. Fillmore should be a by the election of the simrn pure Seward pbolitionicts ough the silver grays here did not openly re udiate the Iceal tleket as their ake did in lopree and Ontario, still they struck as effectual & blow as was dealt in either of those counties They felt aggrieved most righteously, because thes imagired that they were to stand side by side wit the abolition whigs on the Albany platform, and that all rominatiors should be composed of equal quantities of cotton and wool; but as there was no cotton allowed as an admixture on the wool tickets | the silver grays felt themselves perfectly justided | in stepping off the platform. _ This renewed attack of the Journal upon Mr. Fillmore and his friends, signal for all the Sewardites in the State to in accordance. It certainly will lead to a renowal of the warfare. The administration men sorely feel the blow levelled atthe beadof their chief. A retaiation must ensue, and then the contertants will wat the war into friea” Albany platform will be demol —tho sections will re engage in criminations—the cxtermination of abolition whigs from post offices, | ustom houses, &e, will be ordered—and all the | Torts at union and conciliation will be abandoned — ond agreater caterwauling than ever before will vnavoidal eue. The democrats here will enter upon the enjoy- | ments of their vietory on the first of January. ocho “lbey will sppoint a City Attor Clerk, Mar tbal, @ Surveyor and Assistant, and an entire po- | hea, which consists of a chief, four captains, four ant captains, forty pol icemon, four doormen, a Police constables, besides some twonty fire supernemeraries. The law, organizing tho police cepartment of this city, was passed sen of the Legislature, ngainst the r the democratic members of the Common Council. | "l bey regarded it aa being too political, but the whigs, teeling their power, run it through aa they jesired = Tho tables now being turned, the demo- ¢ Common Council will, on the Grst of Jann- nee with the chief, and reform the com wb department by ousting whigs, and appoiat- 6 \uceg Who gaing! tay viccory Our China Correspondenc: Wuamproa, June 25, 1851. Ship Sam. Russel—Trade at Amoy—Navy News— Saratoga’s Ball--Disturiances in China--Ship- urecks--H. B. M. 8. Reynard--Frigate from Manila-- Docks, ¥c., §¢. ‘There are two vessels up for your port—the Great Britain and Sam. Russel—whichever loaves first will carry this to you The Russel has mado a fine trip to the United States and back, leaving this place the latter part of November, and returning about the middle of this month—thus making the voyage out and back, and receiving and discharg- ing cargo, in less than seven months. Sy bark Fanny, from Shanghae for your port, I gave you all the news from the East Coast to 20th May last, since which time I have visited Amoy. Trade there is exceedingly dull, and our Consul there, Mr. Bradiy, states, that withic two years past, but five American vessels had touched at that port The American squadron in these ccas is now com- posed of sloops Saratoga, Com’r Walker, and Marion, Com’r Glendy, and is shortly to be rein- forced by steam frigate Sasquehanna, bearing the broad pennant of Commodore Aulick, expected out in August next. It is said that upon the Vom- modore’s arrival the Marion will be ordered home She Las now been more than one year on the sta- tion, and hag visited all the important ports in these eea3. Her officers and crew are well; but she is likely totake home among the crew some eran invalids, and this summer will add to the list Tho Saratoga, after her arrival in April last, refitted in the Typa, and proceeded over to Hon, Kong, where ber oflicers gave a magnificent on board, which was attended by the nobility aad gentry of the colooy, and went off superbly. It was admitted to have been equal to anything of the kind got up there for many years. I would give a description and list of guests; but this isnot in my vein. Officers and crew all well. ‘The disturbanges of this “Central Flowery Land” ere tar from baving eubsided. Tae rebels in the provinces of Kevangse and erarease are atill unsubdued. Two generals, acting also in the ca- pacity of commissioners, sent by the Emperor to restore order, are dead, and their successors appear unwilling to approach the disturbed districts. It has been reported that the cbief rebel who held sseasion of the province of Kevaogse is dead. Ke was the most formidable opponent ofthe ruling dynasty, and took for his title thatof ‘King of Celestial Virtue” Be this as it may, from the tone of the journals of Pekio, the present Emperor appearsto be very anxious about the security of bisthrove, aud has despatched his prime minister, See-Shang-Ha, against his inde who appears to dread a collision, and has halted upon the bor- ders of Hoonan. Upon the whole, t shows a formidable front, and may ¢ change in China. There have been quite a number of shipwrecks in the China Sea lately. The most important that cecura to me just now, is that of H. B. M. screw ropeller Reynari. She was on her return to Spgland, ard ws3 ordered to accompany the brig Pilot as fer'as the Prata Shoals, where the Pilot was to receive on board about twenty men—crew of thé Velocipeds, which had been wrecked on these shoals some days before. The R. was steam- ing along at about three knots, when sue suddenly stiuck upon the same shoal, and soon wont to pieces, her officers and crew escaping upon a raft, and with the boats. They lost everythirg but what they bad on, only saving the ship’s instruments. The Portuguese corvette Dom Joab Ist in at- tempting to go up to the east coast, was so serious], injured in a gale as to be forced to come up to place for repairs. The Manilla frigate Reinhs do Jastilla bas cowe over here to go into dock, having knocked a hole in hor bottom on the rocks off Soo- loo, in tee late expedi . She was accowpanied by the war eteamer Villa del Bilboa. The cause of this frigate b ig to come co far to go iuto dock is amunirg. Spasiards have a navy yard at Cavite, in Manilla bay, near the town, and a there; but it appears that the engineer who planned the dock, took the dimensions of a vessel then at hand, and built the dock to fit that veesel; so that when they had occasion to repair (ho frigate, the dock proved too small, aud they bud to send her here at some risk and much expen: Since I wrote last, more frequeat rains have given an improving appearance to the crops, and the rice fields have a much i i dock | E 4 : i a i ES. oe i i +4 ; a Fe Cape May of China. im ite high estate a ormmerial mart, its airy and convenient ings, its ample store houses, tenantless vacant new, are but so many monuments of Macao was before the Portuguese ruined it by it it suicidal governmental policy. Nevertheless, it isa coli buf summer reonets ind, the monthy of July and August, is much frequented betweea mail and mail. It is rumored here that R. P Desilver, United States Consul at Macao, will give a grand ball, in the ample apartment of his oon~ Fy te, on the Fourth of July. May I ba there 0 Bee. An opium worth half towards Sin; hip, with a cargo estimated to be ill » Was consumed *, fire down a few days since. The opium Was up fort ina market. But, enough of this. If you are as weary of reading as I am of writing— quite enovgh. Good bye. Our Honduras Correspondence. Betizz, (Honduras,) Oct. Lt, 1861 Movements of the English in Central America--The Seizwre of Ruatan, Amtergies Kav, $c, §&¢—~ The Mosquito King—Affairs in Guatemala-- The Weather and the Crops, &., &c. I bave to inform you that Mr. Wodehouse, her Majesty's new superintendent, has lately visited tho island of Rustan, and after various consults” tions with its inbabitants, has formed a system of governmert by which they, the people, are to give to hisexcellency the power to appoint a s\ipendary magistrate, having nearly unlimited powers entirely and altogether beyond their reach or control, and in no way amenable or responsible to tiem. He has also visited Ambergies Kay, where he hed heard the Yucatacoes were flying a Mox- jean fing; and had collected a force of from two to four hundred armed men. On his arrival he may have found an old Mexican flag, but the armed men did not turn up. So, after taking (in H. B. M.'s name) possession of that island, and all others around dnd in its neighbor- hood, he returned again to Belize. This taking possession of Ruatan, Barbara, Bonnican, and Utilla Islands, on the south, Ambergies, and the other Kay and islands at the north, may appear as tters to you in America, but to tha poop. ferent Light, and when contrasted with the pled, given in the Clayton and Bulwer treaty, is though’ to be rather @ serious business. If you will cast yeur eyes on the map, or a chart of this coast, you Will see that thore positions command the entirs Bay of Honduras, while the large harbors aud bold waters at Kuatan can conveniently accommodats over one hundred rook ships. These movemonts by our new superintendent, just from Engiand, with fresh instructions from the home governmont, ap- pear rather suspicious, aud is the cause of many eurmisirgs. Does Englard mean to followup Me. Chatfield ? Does she wish the unprotected territory of Yucatan? or bas she a desire to form anotber protectorate among the Mexican Indians, as sha I Sic done to the ere kingdom * (aa she gravely terms these idle savages) At all events, the recent acts of Mr. Wodehouse, undse all circumstances, will be observed and prompt.y forwarded to the New York Hexauo, ia thse parts, and notunjustly termed the “guardian of the liberties of men and nations.” E i I have also to inform you that bis Imperial Higa- oss the King of all the Mosquitoes has lately paid # state visit, in H.M. brig of war Bermuda, to Limas (a placo where an extensive mahogaay cutting establishment, belonging to a house ia Belize, is situated), and has appeiiied ® polise and revenue ¢fficer there. His Royal Highness alio visited the Roman River, and made another pollcs station there. Appointed a policeman there also. It will shortly be own to the world that Greas Pritain can stoop from her high andexalted positioa to make aking out ofaa Ingian, and establish a kingdom in a swamp. And what for? Thess enough at any time, wou! just now, and would do more towards barge. | ‘the government than anything else that coul oceur. As it is, numbers of the Chinese die each year of starvation Trade ls r dull at present. Tu ng in tea just now The R in are the only Am gone upto S aa, said to ha rt) f gaged for her there a The Releliion in © lish and American T veslers y td Naval Bails, §c. § The monthly mail homeward is about olosi: ard I will redeem a promise often made to myself, of droppixg you, in Chinese parlance, achit. And why should not the universal Henato, with its on this | univeral circulation, have correspenden' | side of the universe as well as on that! } | persin the English language are published at ton, Hong Kong, and Shanghae; with uninteresting local such as extracts from San Francisco and Sandwich Isiands papers. If it were not for the Henatp, which reaches us by «very mail, we should not know what was going on upon your side of the world. Chiba, with her four hundred millions, is said to bo as quictasever. ‘There is an occasional speck of rebellion in some of the interior districts; but or- der never fails to be restored by the authoritics. English and Amorican trade flourishes here, at this time, with as much brisknets as ever. Opium continues to find its way iato the country, and then into the mouths and nostrils of the people. How this way is found, becomes a question which inte- rests the Cuunese, not us. immense fortunes are made and lost by speculators in “ the drug,” but [ Lave cever beard of a fortune being made by uring it. The United States ship Saratoga, Commander Walker, is lying at Macao, having just returned from a visit to the English islacd of Hong Kong, where the cflicers « grand b Moat. One Who was present says it was altogether they gayest Oa the flair be has witceased tor many a day. | of the Saratoga at Hong hong, the offi ited to the Queen's Birthaigat Bail, given Governor, Sir Georga Bonham, at ny of them wero piesont. Derseiving hie disposition of the English residents, @ cfheers determined to give them “a on their decks, devoted to feasting and Ample preparation was made, and oi tation were d for the night ef Ma: flege of all nations, and signals of every description, as well re bunting on board, were called ‘or roofing ia and decoratiag the poopane q decks of the Saratoga, which, when briiliantiy iumioated with chandeliers, caa- delabras, and a undsed Chiuese lanterns, pre- sented a suite of rooms representing the habi- — of the , Which are read of in oriental tales. A full band of music, perched in an orchestra arrarged round the mainmast with exquisite taste, joured forth their mellow notes upon the deep, and, 60 coon as the ladies arrived, turned ite tones to the mere lively time of quedrilles, waltzes, and polkas. As the Lieutenant Crovernor came over the side he wae saluted with the usual bars of music from “Ged save the (jueen,” and then the old fellow mixed most famiiarly with the crowd throughout the evening. ‘The asec mbly waa large, and thoy kept it up till morning. A barre! or more of h was hed at an early hour; and after midnight, some two or three bundred appeared at thee jus Supper tablo, stretching along fore apd on the birth deck, which was illuminated and decorated with taste for the occasion. Governor Bonham, at the birth night ball, re- marked to one of the my tN re—"* You sce, sir, @ fair speci of our colonial assemblios — f arding this jeer replied, ir; but you have great consolation in the what your ladies lack in numbers they beauty and cay The id fo! sensible of the soft impeach- ment, and bowed excessively. After the Saratoga’s bail, the citizens ashore, ond especially the officers of the 5%th R ont fact, thi mere than make — end there of the Ceylon Ltifles, made a “brag back’ upon their visiters. What with mers dinners at the barracks, and invitations here there for day and he yankee officers, no doubt, were glad to hear the boatswain's whistle, ’ wo ie re aword, the visit of the Ssratoga to H id the ng! natio: civilities on ether with the social in- tercourse which wore siike creditable to isiters and the visite: _The United Stetes ship Maria, Commander Glerdy, is as Whempoa, baviog lately rovucaed swamps contain large quantities of mahogaay aad other valuable wood, proving, beyond a doudt, tue old saying, ** Prinees, emperors, or kings care not bow Gishonest or dirty the steps on wolek they raise themselves in the world.” in Guatamala, matters are pre Th» crops have been abundant; peace bas been near. 7 restored, and quiet and good order appear oata> etse The rocent establishment of month! 7 ccmmanication between Belize, Hava: maica, and Ingland, bas, ia a great moas benefitted thie State, and it undovvtedly will a! terefit the State of Honduras, (if the Mosquite King does not absorb it) You can have noi‘oa of the amount of business which the steamer ¢ ta frem this place. As an item, I may isform ) ou bat, as soon as she is seen coming {ato port, ser ugents at once hire every laungh in the plage, oot, by the time she is at anchor, they are all loale, w th cercons f cocbineal, indigo, sarsapa: sod other valuables, and waiting outside the bar. Cais is not ail—these launches are continually Susy ouring the three days ehe remains in port. ‘Thea she carries a large quantity of treasure each trip. 1 was informed by a gentleman in company of the purser, and belonging tothe steamer, that she had on freight from belize,on her last yoyeges over 40,000, Now, as she takes nearly six weeks to do- liver this freight and treasure in [ngiand, way would it rot be better to send it by one of your fast steamers to New York in eight days, thence: ia ore of Collins’ in nine more to Lugland? ‘The news of the ‘‘America™ beating the Magia yachts, has arrived here. The boastiogs ot tay ii voger branches of tho John Bull family in thas ine, bas turned to means and sad comp few of whom begin to say Uncle Sam cime somebody hereafter.” ‘This bea! #cme coneeit cut of a few of those who thing good, fast or durable in the vessel be built owt of England. I may in a write you again, and give you some a bell lately bad at the Government Hi } For the three months we have bad weather; one si | lightning, bu Tan. teat ng y vy, hav ng atey, Gestroyed a great amount of property, waasa- g out and killing large plantations, and it serious damages. he echooner Dolercta: for Belize, with provisions, on tho const of Yucatan. Her officers and crew were savod, as wes itt of her cargo, which was seid here oa the 10th inst. Our provision market seme as in my last; browa sugar, rice and codfish, scarce and high; mahogany tending downward; sarsaparilla do , cockineai aad ind go, firm. co doing New Orleans Our Centrel American Correspondence. Granaba DE Nicanagra, Sept. 10, 1854 Pclitical Movements—Crisis of Affvirs—Batt'e—Te Indian Soldiers, §c., &e Lenclose for your perusal acd publication, a do cument which appeared to day, from the pen of Se nator T. J. Alfaro, [we published the paper severay days 9go,] who is acting President pro tem. in the absence of Mr. Peneda, the President d¢ facto a de- jure, and [hope you will be able to see the poiats in it. The nearest these States of Central America bave ever come to forming a reunion, since the separation of 1838, bas been by the pact of Sih No vember, ISi9. Honduras, Salvador, and Nicaragua have entered into this pact for the purpose of mu- tual pretection from the ‘‘etraoger.” I[t is now the great point upon which the parties here are builaing their hopes. Mr. Kerr could not have been accredited to the pact of Sth November, 1549, without having brought down the curses of Honduras and Salvador upon peda ete tas therefore, you will im- m e ive t! ition of ow . ore the ro reaches Py he will Bare aives powers to act in consonanes with the wishes of by oy of the Central Amerieans. ir. et would immediately comprehond the motive of one of the actors ig this paper | send you. In fine, thi i he cri of Central Amorivan aftica one thing 2 or Sit ne going down. They, tho imto the mill stone as r Ef