Evening Star Newspaper, July 7, 1937, Page 11

) States’ Duty to Worker . Cited Rights of Individual Employes Cited by Writer. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. ONTINUING the discussion which I began yesterday with reference to the obligation of an employer to negotiate and the part that a signed contract may play in such negotiations, the ruling of the National Labor Relations Board on July 7, 1936, is really the lat- i est statement i from that agency on the subject: “The act im- poses upon em- ployers the duty ¥ to mee! with the duly designated representatives of their employes, to bargain in good faith with them in a genuine at- tempt to achieve an - understand- g pawrence. ing on the pro- posals and counter proposals ad- vanced, and, finally if an understand- Ing is reached to embody that under- stading in a binding agreement for a definite term * * *. “We must not be considered as hoiding that an employer is obligated by the act to accede without more to the terms of a contract presented to him by the representatives of his employes. The act does not so pro- vide, and we make no such interpre- tation * * * Thus an employer is not required to sign the specific agree- ment presented to him by representa- tives of his employes. Nor is he obli- gated to agree to any of their de- mands solely for the sake of reach- ing some agreement when genuine accord is impossible, althouzh both sides are acting in good faith. Duty Imposed by Act. “But the line between these privi- leged areas and the duty imposed by the act is distinct; the employer must negotiate in good faith in an en- deavor to reach an understanding, and that understanding if eventually achieved must be incorporated into an agreement if the representatives of the employes so reque: The board went on to say that this did not mean contracts had to be entered into for extended periods of time but that they could be terminated or modified by prescribed notice and ion of an agreement, was a matter for its terms, negotiation. But, it is argued by employer coun- #el, that this ruling was made in July, 1936, whereas the Supreme Court said | in April, 1937, that emplovers were | not obliged to sign contracts or even make agreements with employes. Hence what the Supreme Court said in its two decisions—March 29, 1937, and April 12, 1937—furnishes the key to the puzzle. First, the court in its opinion of April 12 said the Wagner law was to be construed just as were certain pas- sages of the railway labor act. Quotation of Court. Next, the Court on April 12 quoted in part, but net completely, from what 1t had said two weeks befors in the railroad labor case. It is important to read the quotation of the unani- mous court on March 29 as being the controlling paragraph. It reads as follows: . “The statute does not undertake to compel agreement between the em- ployer and employes, but it does com- mand those preliminary steps with- | out which no agreement can be | reached. It at least requires the em- | ployer to meet and confer with the | wuthorized representative of its em- ployes, to listen to their complaints, to make reasonable eflorts to compose differences—in short, to enter into a negotiation for the settlement of la- | bor disputes.” The procedure then that should have been followed by the C. I. O, therefore, instead of calling a strike and engaging in violence, was to de- mand an election. Once collective bargaining representatives were chosen the employers could have submitted proposals to assure themselves of the responsibility of the signers. To an- nounce in advance that no contract would be signed, thus refusing in ef- | fect to negotiate on the question of how an agreement on the issue of re- | sponsibility might be attained, either | through the posting of.a bond or some | other device, may some day be held | by the courts to be a violation by em- ployers of the Wagner act just as in- sistence on the part of the C. I. O. or any other union in tying up a plant | engaged in interstate commerce may be some day held unlawful when no effort has been made in good faith to find out who the employes in a given plant actually want to represent them in negotiations. This is all the more serious because under the Wagner act only the em- ployes may demand the holding of an election. Failure to demand it will doubtless be coupled with the con- spiracy of a minority to coerce a ma- Jjority and to obtain contracts from employers under duress. Protection to Individual. ‘What protection is afforded to an individual who does not wish to join & union and who wants to work when 8 strike has been declared by either & minority or majority of his fellow employes? This question goes to the heart of present-day labor troubles and it be- comes almost the paramount problem of the day because Congress in pass- ing the Wagner act omitted, not ac- cidentally but deliberately, listing as “'an unfair labor practice” any coercion by employes against fellow employes. There must have been a reason, it will be assumed at the outset, why Congress thought it wise to reject sug- gestions that employes be protected 8gainst coercion by other employes just as the Wagner act protects employes egainst coercion by employers. To find the answer one must look back to the debate in May, 1935, which preceded the passage of the Wagner act, and it is important to do so be- cause Congress took a step then in the interpretation of its powers which the Governors of several States and the Mayors of the cities throughout the Nation may do well to study. Contention of Wagner. Senator Wagner, author of the law, eand Senator Walsh of Massachusetts, chairman of the Senate Labor Com- mittee, insisted that it was the duty ¢f the States to exercise their police powers and not for the Federal Gov- ernment to act as a policeman in cases of improper conduct or violence as between individuals. The theory ex- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON D. C., WEDNESDAY, What’s Back of It All Roosevelt’s way, the traveler is startled by 2 miniature pillared villa. It is O model of the “little White House” at Hyde Park. The doors are closed. Behind these doors lies a story—or perhaps behind the ones from which these were proudly copied at the suggestion of the Dutchess County Scouts. At least there is an unanswered question on the lips of the leaders of the greatest gath- ering of young America that ever graced the house. Where has the President been? 5 * ok Kk % Harder to answer is this ques- tion if one can believe the ghost of a tale that harks back two years when the jamboree was originally planned but postponed at the last minute because of the reported epidemic of infantile paralysis. Absence from Jamboree Reported Puzzling to Boy Scout Leaders. BY H. R. BAUKHAGE. N THE wide sweep of boulevard that approaches the historic portals of Arlington National Cemetery, where Boy Scout tents line the ((gN YOU There was an epidemic, it is true. But well before the gathering was finally called off, those whose business it was to know gave assurances that no danger was involved. However, at that time, it was related that a certain element particularly antagonistic to the President threatened a “scare” campaign if the aflair were not called off. They feared, it was claimed, too much charm exerted on a score of thousands of homes before another election campaign. For a week now the big White House has been empty and the “little White House" beside Arlington's gates stands as mute evidence of the empty chair, * koK ok It was another Roosevelt, T. R. jr., who exercised his charm at the opening of the jamboree, told stories the boys liked about his father. Photo- graphs of T. R., sr.’s, ranch in North Dakota are among the exhibits at which the Scouts point with no little pride. It is true that at the opening session the President was represented by head “G-man” Attorney General Cummings, who read his message of greeting. Later “Uncle” Dan Roper, Secretary of Commerce, addressed the boys. Mr. Roper is noted rather for the polysyllabic rhetoric of the nineties than for camp-fire stories, but he made a speech that surprised his elder listeners and set the boys cheering. He praised Scoutdom as the bulwark of democracy. It isn't generally known, however, that Secretary Roper almost didn't appear. Wouldn't have, perhaps, if a District Commissioner hadn't insisted. It wasn't that he wasn't wanted. It was a slip somewhere. Just as the motor cycle cavalcade was ready to start its sirens to make way for the Secretary's car, the Commissioner was informed that Mr. Roper hadn't been scheduled to appear. But you can't stop a motor cycle cavalcade, or a determined District Commissioner. The Secretary arrived, delivered his piece and made the hit of the program, * ok ¥ % Two scions of a former member of the New Deal turned up missing, too, much to the regret of their Scoutmaster. They were the 13-year-old twins of one-time chief adviser at the White House, Raymond Moley. The boys stayed in Santa Barbara because their dad was making a flying trip home and they didn’t want to miss him. They are known as expert amateur taxidermists and, according to their Scoutmaster, their wildcat head would have stopped the show. * K k% Veterans of the A. E. F. who visited the Scout camp had sudden memories of “sunny France.” They knew that not the weeping skies or the good earth make mud, but human feet. To some of the boys from the desert States, this strange and gummy substance was as unique as a horned toad to a Vermonter. * % x x “It seems funny,” said a lad from Los Angeles, ““to have it rain in the Summer.” * ok x X There are plenty of lessons for the race conscious in tentland. “We've got a whole troop of Japanese boys here,” said a young Californian. “and they're nice.” We thought we'd discovered some provincialism when one young Easterner remarked: “The foreigners are what gets me. Talking funny languages (we were wrong). But they're all right,” he added quickly. “You ought to see the Mexicans throwing hatchets in the air and others catching them.” Strangely enough, the Washington boys have some of the most valued souvenirs for trading. And they aren’t branches from George Washington’s cherry tree, either. They're shark's teeth, long buried in a little-known mound on Chesapeake Bay. The sharks left before the politicians arrived. * K k% A prize media of exchange have been milk bottles from Elmira, N. Y. Two hundred of them. Like the treasured Colonial flasks, they bear a distinguished mark—a glider. (Elmira is the Glider City, you know.) | ter. (Copyright, 1937, by the North American Newspaper Alliance, Inc.) the employers was in the nature of a prohibition against ‘“economic coercion” and it was deemed that in- dividual emploves did not have any economic power to us against one another. Senator Wagner, M refusing to ac- cept the amendment suggested by Senator Tydings to prohibit “coercion from any source,” declared that such an amendment, if adopted, would be used to endow the Federal Govern- ment with enormous police power. He is quoted in the official record as saying: “So far as coercion is concerned, if it exists among employes, there is now an absolute legal right to go into court and seek an injunction, if such coercion takes the form of intimida- tion or violence of any kind or charac- ‘When I was a judge I issued such injunctions myself. But how has the word ‘coercion’ as among employes been interpreted by the courts? The use of pickets, mere persuasion, with- out force, threats, or intimidation, has been deemed coercion; and employes simply trying to persuade their fel- low workers to join a particular or- ganization have been charged with coercion.” Law of Michigan. What Senator Wagner thinks today of the failure of State courts to issue injunctions promptly and of labor organization leaders to obey such injunctions as were issued, for in- stance, in the State of Michigan, has not been disclosed. Certainly if the State courts are to be the main reliance of the individual, it is sur- prising to find labor organizations fighting so mild a law as that re- cently adopted by the State of Michi- gan to define lawful and unlawful picketing. What Senator Walsh of Massa- chusetts said in the same debate be- fore the Wagner bill was passed, be- comes equally significant today. He declared: “An employe, like an employer, cannot lawfully use threats of physi- cal violence, or inflict physical dam- age upon persons or tangible prop- erty. It he does o, the civil and, in many cases, the criminal laws of the several States could be invoked, !Il';f, he could be fned or sent to ail. “The bill now under consideration does not enter into these realms of free speech or physical violence. It does not establish a police court. It does not deal with physical coercion but with economic coercion. An eco- nomic coercion is a weapon that could be exercised by the man who hires and discharges, and not by a fellow- employe. Only an employer has it within his power. to use economic pressure.” Denounced “‘Sit Downs.” What Senator Walsh of Massa- chusetts thinks today of the attempt by the National Labor Relations Board to set itself up as a police court with respect to the fights between different groups of employes in the Ford plant has not been disclosed. But the Massachusetts Senator has one of the fairest and best balanced minds of anybody in public life and he was quick to side with his fellow Senators last Winter in denouncing pressed by these two Senators and others was that the restriction upon A the “sit-down” strike. In view of recent developments would be and L. other Senators say the employe groups now were without power to use economic pressure? The con- certed activity of several labor union chiefs has been sufficient to tie up major industries and to cause inter- ruption in the flow of materials for their use. Threats to use economic pressure by cutting off coal supply from the steel companies engaged in & strike recently were publicly pre- sented in the press by union leaders. So while the view of the Senators to the effect that the Federal Gov- ernment should not be obliged to handle police court cases of violence and should confine itself only to eco- nomic coercion, may find strong sup- port among the believers in local autonomy and home rule, the fact remains that one big union like the C. I. O. has acquired an economic power greater than that ever wielded by any group of employers in Ameri- can history. 8o vast and far-reaching is this power of economic coercion that re- cently the Governor of Ohio con- fessed in & public statement that the factors involved in the strike extended over the territory of sev- eral States and that these were be- yond the power of a single Gover- nor to regulate. Great Britain’s Attitude. But the Ohio Governor, while plead- ing in vain with the Federal Gov- ernment for broad action across State lines, did not fail to insist that the local authority of the government of the State of Ohio be forcefully used to protect the right to work. Maybe Con- gress will some day amend the Wagner act to include the term “economic coercion” as related to improper uses by employe groups acting in concert with one another across State lines. In Great Britain the concerted use of union power in the so-called sympathy strike method is forbidden. In the meantime, the individual must look to the courts of his State and the militia, if necessary, to pro- tect him in his right to work. For the guidance of the individual here is what Senator Walsh, chairman of the Senate Labor Committee, is quoted in the official record as saying when the Wagner bill was before the Senate: “Nothing in this bill requires any employe to join any form of labor organization. Nothing in this bill re- quires the employes in any industry to organize. All employes are free to choose to organize or not to organize, to join any or whatever labor organi- zation or union they choose. “If employes choose to organize a shop committee or union for a par- ticular plant or company, they may do so. If employes choose to form a union affiliated with any national or international organization, they may do so0.” Statement by Wagner. Even more strongly at that time did Senator Wagner himself enunciate the same principle. He is quoted in the official record as saying: “There is nothing in the pending bill which promotes a union monopoly, which places the stamp of govern- mental favor upon any particular type of union, or which outlaws the” so- called ‘company union', if by that term 15 meant simply an entirely free and independent organization of workers who, through their own volition, con- { THE opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. Van Devanter Sees Victory Former Supreme Court Justice Recalls Other Crises Passed. Bpecial Dispatch to The Btar, IMPSONVILLE, Md, July 7 (N.AN.A).—As the Senate squared off to begin debate on the new Supreme Court bill, former Justice Willis Van Devanter declared yesterday: “The Supreme Court has weathered storms before, and I am sure it will weather the present one.” Thus, in his first public utterance on President Roosevelt's proposal to enlarge the Supreme Court, Mr. Van Devanter left inescapable the infer- ence that he thinks the plan will be defeated. “And when the court has weathered this crisis,” continued the 78-year-old former justice, who retired from the highest bench June 2 after 27 years of service, “the country will proceed in the prosperous way it did before.” Mr. Van Devanter, wearing khaki shirt, trousers and knee-high rubber boots, lit his pipe and gazed between two patrician oaks across the green vista of his 788-acre farm here. Sees Adherence to Constitution. “The people of the country,” he went on, “have been greatly benefited and blessed by the Constitution, and I don't think they are going to give it up. “And they cannot well do so with- out surrendering many of their liber- ties and advantages they have un- der it. “The Supreme Court—as established by the Constitution—is indispensable under our system and form of gov- ernment,” said the former justice, who has visited European countries where dictatorship is supreme. Mr. Van Devanter also took occa- sion indirectly to deny two popular ories concerning the court and his retirement. First of these is that the court had reversed itself in its last session in order to take the wind out of the sails of Mr, Roosevelt’s plan to expand the Supreme Court because he deemed it set against “liberal” legislation. “The court in the last session.” said Mr. Van Devanter, did not reverse itself any more than it has at times in the past.” Denies “Timing” Resignation. The second widely-held belief is that Mr. Van Devanter sent his notice of retirement to President Roosevelt purposely on the day that the Senate Judiciary Committee was to vote on the President’s original bill to add six | justices to the high tribunal. The Judiciary Committee turned down the measure, and a new com- promise measure, permitting the Presi- dent to appoint one new justice a year for each sitting justice over the age of 75, has been introduced. | | This farm—I am tremendously inter- | nected with this particular farm in Mr. Van Devanter refuted the idea he had “timed” his letter to the President. “That is not true,” he asserted, with emphasis. It is known that he understood the committee would take no action on that day. “My lette and the committee's ac- tion was only co-incidental,” he said. Intended to Quit Years Ago. “I had intended first to retire five years ago,” he added. “But I stayed on, increasingly though I became con- vinced in my conclusion that I owed it to myself to quit. “I was 78. And I felt at last that I owed it to myself to retire from active service. “It was no surprise that I did that. The surprise lay only in the time that I did it. It was a decision that was not reached overnight. “And,” Mr. Van Devanter said, “I didn't think I was too old for the jol It was an assertion that carried its own commentary on how much weight he attached to the President’s chal- lenge that justices over 70 were no longer capable. Regarding Mr. Van Devanter's re- mark that he had first intended to lay aside his burden of office five years ago, his friends have said that he changed his mind and remained, be- cause he felt it his duty to do so in the face of what many people con- ceived to be a threat against the Constitution. Loved the Court. Mr. Van Devanter is enjoying his “leisure,” but * * * “Naturally, T will miss my asso- ciates and associations on the bench,” he said, slowly. “I loved the court. I was intensely interested in that work. “Now what I will have to do is to get my mind so occupied with other things that I won't miss it so much. ested in jt—and it will take up my time.” It more or less represents the com- pletion of a cycle for him. He left the farm—out in Indiana— when he was 21 to study law. And after carving out an illustrious career in that field, he has returned to the farm, for his “retirement.” There is an interesting feature con- Maryland. It once was owned by Luther Martin, who was a member of the convention that drafted the Constitution of the United States. And now it is owned by one of the greatest defenders of the Constitution. (Copyright, 1937, by the North American Newspaper Alliance, Inc.) fine their co-operative activities to the limits of one company.” Thus did the Congress of the United States, through its spokesmen, be- speak freedom of choice by the in- dividual, relying, however, on the State courts, the police courts and the local authorities generally to protect such freedom. ‘When the Governors and Mayors come to realize that Congress expects them to safeguard and protect the in- dividual employe’s rights, maybe there will be less intimidation among employes and less violence. Maybe also the broader questions of economic coercion across State lines by na- tionally powerful unions will be dealt with some day either by amendment to the Wagner law or by strict en- forcemgnt by the Federal Government of the @xisting laws against monopoly and restraint of trade. Tomorrow I shall present an analy- sis of the issues growing out of the so-called “closed shop™” and what form of it is or is not permitted under the Wagner act. U. S.-ALASKA-ORIENT AIRLINE PROJECTED By the Associated Press. WHITEHORSE, Yukon Territory, July 7.—Air service officials conferring here yesterday after a 1,200-mile trail- blazing flight from Edmonton planned an air service which, eventually, would link the United States with Shanghal, China, via North Canada. A. W. Stephson, Salt Lake City, vice president of the National Parks Air Service, said he plans to connect his service with the new North Canada service at Cutbank, Mont. The air officials said plans will go forward immediately to extend the route from here to Fairbanks, Alaska, and eventually to Shanghai via Bering Strait. They said it would make a Chicago-Shanghai air route 4,000 miles shorter than the present one via Hawaii. This Changing World Too Many Nations Playing With Matches About Dynamite-Laden Spain. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. ILITARY and diplomatic experts still maintain that the main storm center in international affairs is not in Spain but either in the Far Fast and in Eastern Europe. Spain they consider merely as “hors d'oeuvres’ to whet the appetite of the other nations. ok K K ‘The experts may be right; they ought to know what they are talking about. But unless the British and the Italians and the French and the Germans—to say nothing of the Portuguese and the Russians—quit fooling around Spain the experts will prove false prophets. Spain is like a wagon full of dynamite, where 50 many nations play around with matches. Unless they are extremely careful some day the thing will explode— despite what the experts say. * ok %k For the time being the Val- encia and the Franco governments seem to play a teasing game with their outside opponents. The Val- encia government is endeavoring to sink as many ships as their sub- marines and airplanes can hit while Franco is trying to bag as many merchantmen as his gunboats can overhaul. It is fortunate for the world that the Nationalist sailors and aviators are poor marksmen and their torpedoes don't always er- plode, while Franco’s armed trawlers are so slow that they can catch up with slow tramps only. Yet every time a torpedo misses its tar- get there is major international crisis and every time Franco's gunboats catch a tramp, battleships with decks cleared for action are being rushed to the Spanish coast. * K X K Along the Amur River, the Japanese and the Russians are growling at each other. Tokio had not thought that Moscow would yield 5o easily to its peremptory demands to evacuate the Amur River Islands. The com- pliance of the Soviets to what was really an ultimatum was disappointing to the military in Tokio. Now they are starting all over again. Those who remember the incidents which led to the conquest of Man- churia find the same methods applied now in the controversy with Russia. The Japanese diplomats make it their business never to know anything about what the military are doing. But they have standing orders to say that “if it is true that our army has done this or that, it has been done for the protection of our nationals.” Chinchow was occupied in 1931 to protect some illusory Japanese in- terests and Tsitsihar was stormed by Japanese soldiers who defeated Gen. Mabh, to prevent the Soya beans from rotting. Japanese diplomats explained Without cracking a smile that the Japanese Army actually was per- forming a humanitarian task sav- ing the labor of thousands of small Chinese farmers. * x kX ‘What Russia's attitude will be in the event Tokio becomes too exacting and overbearing nobody can predict. The late Gaston Doumergue, the cynical and witty French states- man, went on a special mission to Moscow in 1916. His broad smile and his keen sense of humor gained him the friendship of the Czar and his adyvisers. On his return to Paris the cabinet asked him anxiously: really count on Russia?” “There is no doubt that Russia will do something,” he replied,” but it is impossible to forecast what that something will be.” A few months later the revolution broke out. And although many things have changed since those days, the Doumergue wise-crack can be applied to the Russian government of today. “Can we * ¥k % In the meantime the leaders of the world democracies continue to issue “grave warnings”’ about the situation and talk about the dangers for our civilization in case the dictators have their own way. ‘Whether Tokio, Berlin and Rome will be impressed by such warnings remains to be seen. At present they show no signs of fear. NEBRASKANS GIRD FOR "HOPPER FIGHT Next 10 Days to Two Weeks Held Critical Period in Drive Against Pests. By the Associated Press. LINCOLN, Nebr., July 7.—Nebraska farmers girded today for a last-ditch fight against grasshopper hordes, which Entomologist O. §. Bare called the worst State-wide infestation in the plies from private dealers at cost. Others have turned to homemade “hopper dozer” contraptions at- tached to the front of cars, trucks and tractors. They are driven over the fields in. an effort to smother the jumping insects in pans of kerosene or crude oil. —_— PLANS MEDICAL CENTER Luther League Adopts $10,000 Project for Virginia Structure. Many farmers are buying poison sup- | Nation. Urging farmers to marshal their | forces for a final drive on the pests, Bare said the next 10 days to two weeks would be ‘“the most critical period” in the war on hoppers. If | poisoning efforts relax now, he said, | farmers will pay the double penalty of serious damage to & potential bum- per corn crop and heavy deposits of new insect eggs next Fall. ! Bare, of the Nebraska Agricultural | College, said most of the State's al- | Totted 462 carloads of Federal poison I hopper bait have been distributed SPRINGFIELD, July 7.—The Luther Headline Folk and What They Do Capt. H. E. Gray, At- lantic Clipper Chief, Is Towa Native. BY LEMUEL F. PARTON. OLUMBUS was a traveling salesman and a good proe moter, but not & navigator., He wrote poetry on the way over here, and let others steer his flag- ship. Contrast the qualifications of Capt. Harold E. Gray. landing the giant Pan-American flying boat in Ireland, in the Old World-New World criss-cross over the Atlantic. Leaving the Universityof Iowa in his soph= omore year, ha won his wings in an Army Air Corps school. Pilots jobs were plentiful, but he wanted to know more. Has finished a course in aeronautical engineering at the University of Detroit. Feeling the need of still more ground work, he was a consulting engineer for several years, helping design one of the planes of the first Guggenheim competition, which greatly advanced “blind” fiying. Considering himself sufficiently pre= pared to take the air, he took his first flying job with Ford, being one of the first to fly trimotored planes. Stunted More Than Year. Not to be too one-sided, he picked an elective course in barnstorming— Just to broaden his education—stunte ing around the country for a year o 50. In 1928 he bacame a co-pilot for Pan-American, on its South American run, and was quickly advanced Lo senior pilot. In 1931 he entered the company's post-graduate school. He was the first man to obtain the degree “Mase ter of Ocean-flying Boats.” He qualie fied in all the following requirements for a sea-going airplane skipper: The skipper must be: A master ma« riner; a licensed engine mechanic; 8 licensed airplane mechanic; a gradu- ate radio engineer; a licensed radio operator; a first-class seaman; an ex pert on international law, maritime law and business gdministration, Flew Pacific Year and Half. At 30, tall, blond, boyish-looking, Capt. Gray has taken all these hure dles. For a year and a half he was Capt. H. E. Gray. | fiving the Pacific, making eight trips in boats of the China Clipper style, He was born in Guttenberg, Towa, and at Elkader, Jowa, his mother gets news that once again her boy didn't flunk his examination, The Falstaffian Senator Marvell Mills Logan, from the “Pennyrile” sec~ | tion of Southwestern Kentucky, leads the fight for the compromise Supreme Court bill and against the threatened filibuster. He has been a stanch New Dealer. In the Senate since 1931, balking on the unamended bill, but still an administration stalwart and out for salvage if possible. He thinks the way to smash the filibuster will be to keep the Senate going 24 hours a day. In a State of close elections—he League of America unanimously | barely squeezed through last Fall—he adopted last night a $10,000 mission- | has been singularly independent. His ary project calling for construction of | campaign technique is unique. a medical center in the Virginia| He isa puzzle to politicians, as he is mountains as a part of the church | not only daringly independent, but he extension program of the Board of | has no organization. They attribute Home Missions of the United Lutheran | his continued success to two things— Church in America. | gregariousness and humor. He 1s & Delegates to the league's annual | Baptist, Mason, Elk and sire of the convention voted to erect and equip | Supreme Grand Order of Odd Fel- the center at Konnarock, Va.. to serve | lows, and he has a nimble wit. He the mountain population of South- | comes from the county of the Mam- western Virginia and Northwestern | moth Cave and he’s quite a mammoth North Carolina. There is & mountain | in his own way—8 feet 4, Konnarock. (Copyright, 1937.) YOU DON'T HAVE TO SHOP AROUND for a bargain in ale and beer. The three rings lead you right to America’s finest. Then make Peter Ballantine’s celebrated threefold test as he did back in 1840. One drink for PURITY... a second for BODY... a third for FLAVOR. On the table,' left by his glass, Peter Ballantine found 3 rings—they became his trademark. Look for the 3 rings of quality, then ask for “Ballantine’s!” America’s finest since 1840. Gopr., 1087, P. Ballantise & Soms, Newnsk, N. J ¢