Evening Star Newspaper, January 1, 1937, Page 4

it PRESIDENT HAPPY OVER 35 SUCCESS Year’s Story for Him Marked by Business Upturn and Good Will. BY JOHN RUSSELL YOUNG. The people’s mandate for him to eontinue his work, the upturn in business, the increased good will and efforts for peace in the Western Hemi- sphere following trips to both South America and Canada—these thlnnl can be regarded happily by President Roosevelt as the story of 1936. For him it has been a busy year. Assuming the task of doing his own campaigning, he traveled thousands of miles to deliver 10 major addresses and approximately 100 impromptu talks at station stops. In addition to campaign speeches, | Mr. Rooseveli delivered 65 other speeches during the year. Further evi- dence of the labors of a President is shown in the fact that during 1936 he wrote 264 executive orders, 59 pres- idential proclamations and 65 mes- sages to Congress. He held nearly 100 press conferences and went through with more than 3,000 engagements in his office. Visited Drought Areas. On top of all his campaign travels the President found time to journey ta 600 RRe R & the Western drought-stricken areas to confer with Governors and other | State authorities regarding means of | meeting their problems. He also made | & personal tour to the flood areas in Pennsylvania, New York and New | England and conferred with State | authorities regarding this problem. The President added to his travel- ing mileage during the year by jour- neying to Texas to participate in the formal opening of the Texas Centen- nial Exposition; by cruising in Flor- | ida waters last Spring to fish and | relax, and by voyaging up the New | England Coast in a sailboat for a | brief vacation at his mother's Sum- | STARTS TENNESSEE ! VALLEY PROJECT. 10PIA IRNED DOWN mer home at Campobelio Island, New | Brunswick, Canada. This visit to Campobello made the third of three | occasions during the year that Mr. | Roosevelt visited foreign soil. The! other two were his visits to the | Governor General of Canada and the Inter-American Peace Conference at Buenos Aires. The President’s traveling during the past year amounted to exactly 46,933 miles. This sounds like a record for | presidential traveling, but Mr. Roose- | velt, even counting his traveling dur- fng his four years in office, still is a liftle below the record set by the late William Howard Taft. The White | House records of the latier's travels are incomplete, but they are sufficient | o show Mr. Roosevelt is in second place. Had Tts Way in Congress. Due fo the overwhelming Demo- eratic majority in the House and the Senate Mr. Roosevelt had compara- tively easy legislative sailing during 1936. He was given virtually every- thing he desired. The outstanding exception was the passage of the vet- erans’ bonus bill against his objection and the overriding of his veto, even after he personally appeared before a joint session of Congress to read his veto message. In addition to the bonus, the Presi- dent. vetoed 84 bills passed by Con- gress, placing him second to the rec- ord of Grover Cleveland in the num- ber of vetoes. Of the 881 acts of Congress signed by the Presiden: during the last year | the most important were the amend- ment to the tax bill, the principal feature of which was to penalize ac- eumulative surpluses. However, the President contended additional taxes were necessary fo meet demands made upon the Treasury by the $2.000.000.- 000 soldiers’ bonus pavment, along with additional relief outlays, and to offset the loss of revenue caused by the Supreme Court’s invalidation of the agricultural adjustment act. Other important legislation put on | the siatute books at the request of the President included the social se- eurity act, one creating a maritime commission with authority to take over the activities of the old United States Shipping Board and substitut- | ing & direct subsidy to American ship- | ping lines; the act reorganizing the Federal Reserve, the principal feature of which is to liberalize credit through the Federal Reserve banks; the soil conservation act, aimed to carry out the purposes of the Agriculiural Ad- justment. Administration after invali- dation of the latter by the United Stater Supreme Court, and the Fed- eral Alcohol Administration sct, cre- ating a board to take over the regu- lation of the beverage traffic from the edministration of the Treasury De- partment. | Another important piece of legis- lation signed by the President but not officially sponsored by him was the Walsh-Healey act providing that pri- | vate contractors doing Government | work pay prevailing labor wages and observe the prevailing labor union working hours. i Tn adding this legislation the Presi- | dent, was compelled to present to Con- gress A budget estimate totaling $6.- 752,000,000, not, inclusive of the esti- : mate of money needed for relief. A relief estimate amounting to $1,425 - 000.000 was incorporated in the defi- ciency bill and readily passed. During the year the President made | # great number of appointments to public office, but these were confined | principally to postmasterships, Pederal | Judges, United States marshals and United States attorneys throughout | the country. The most important ap- | pointment was that of Harry H. Woodring, Secretary of War, to suc- ceed the late Goerge H. Dern. Next in importance was the appointment of the members of the reorganized Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the appointment of William C. Bullitt as Ambassador to France, Joseph Davies Ambassador to Russia and William Phillips Am- bassador to Italy and the appointment of three temporary members of the Maritime Commission. i Two Tragedies in Year. | | ‘The President’s year was marred by | two tragedies, one the death of his | close friend and associate for a quar- fer of & century, Secretary Louis Mc- Henry Howe, and the sudden death of Gus Gennerich, his personal body- guard, during his visit to South Amer-. fea. While the depression clouds have | been lifting in this country during the past year, war clouds have been gathering in Europe following Musso- lini's invasion of Ethiopia and the rebellion in Spain. This necessitated plans for strengthening the armed forces of this country, which meant increased appropriations for the Army and the Navy as well as requiring Congress to extend the neutrality act with the view to keeping the United States out of any possible conflict. In spite of tremendous demands mede upon him ‘ax cfim Executive, | THE KEVENING ON SECOND FLIG GIANTS UPSET B YANKS N \\DDL’D SEQIES After Relentless 1936 Warfare Remnants of Big-Time Kidnap Rings Smashed, and Bank Robbers, W hite Slavers and Racketeers Dealt Blous. BY REX COLLIER. ‘The rattle of machine gun fire on the crime front, the clanking of shackles on chastened captives and the banging of prison doors on dethroned “public enemies” sounded a sad storv | during the past year for gangsters and others who incurred the wrath of J. Edgar Hoover's G-men. It was the year which saw the re- lentless specia} agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation crack down with telling effect on the kidnaping. bank robbery, white slavery and other rackets, and instil in the underworld generally a noticeable respect for Fed- eral law. By a sporadic series of thrilling cap- tures in far-flung points, the F. B. L. erased name after name from its “wanted” list of desperadoes. Karpis, who bragged the would never be taken alive; Campbell, Robin- son, Mahan, Brunette—there are some of the more notorious outlaws— “snatchers” all of them—who found themselves victims of the G-men's own version of the “snatch racket.” The agents snatched them from No. 1 position on the so-called public enemv list and into channels of justice that lead to grim Aleatras. Kidnapings Al Solved, The year ends with every Federal kidnaping case, except the current Mattson abduction in Tacoma, Wash., listed as solved, with bank bery showing & remarkable de- line, with 1,072 Federal fugitives, captured, with 5382 other prisoners identified by the fingerprint division as wanted fugitives, with the percent- age -of convictions in F. B. 1. cases increasing to nearly 97, and with a return to the Government to its citi- | zens of more than $26,000,000 in sav- ings, fines and recoveries—more than five times the cost of running the bureau during the last fiscal year. Nearly 4.000 convictions were ob- iained, as & result of which 1 slayer of & G-man was executed, 13 kid- napers went to prison for life and other criminals were given sentences aggregating more than 12,047 years. More than 2,000 stolen automobiles valued at nearly a million dollars were recovered in connection with investi- gation of interstate stolen car rackets. The year saw .the backbone of the | interstate white slavery racket broken | by wholesale arresis up and down the Atlantic seaboard. In a thorough- going round-up in Connecticut alone 37 men and women pleaded guilty to | Mann act violations, and one man was convictzd. Many of the prisoners were found to be aliens, and deporta- tion proceedings have been instituted against them. ‘The kidnaping score since enactment in June, 1932, of the “Lindbergh law™ now stands: Seventy-six Federal cases of actual kidnaping investigated by the F. B. L—and all solved but the pending Tacoma case. That means the kidnapers have been identified in all solved cases. Except for two minor hi-jackings, one or more of the kidnap- ers have been apprehended in each soived case. In those cases 174 persons have been convicled, 34 of them re- President Roosevelt completed the year in the best of health, according to Dr. Ross T. McIntire, his personal physician, With the exception of a few more face wrinkles and more gray strands in his hair, the President Jooks little older than #when he took over the helm of government four years ago. rob- | | in which Sparger ceiving life sentences. 4 death sen- tences and the remainder terms aggre- gating 2.244 years in prison. Five kidnapers were killed by officers in gun battles, six were slain by unaer- world enemies, three committed sui- rcide, and two were lvnched. Bank Robberies Decline. During the year the National Bu- reau of Casualty & Surety Under- writers reduced bank robbery insurance 20 per cent in 35 States, explaining that the bank robbery rate has dropped markedly since the F. B. 1. took over protection of national banks and sli others insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Although May was an outstanding month in number of important cap- tures made—the “big four” (Kargis, Campbell, Robinson and Mahan) hav- ing been grabbed in rapid succession— the bureau effected = number of nota- ble arrests during the year, with and without gunplay. Here are a few: Charley Yanowsky, member of the “Rope Ladder Gang” of freight car robbers, shot, but not seriously wound- ed, at Hoboken, N. J., on January 30, when he attempted to fire at agents closing in on him. He is serving three years in Lewisburg Penitentiary. Eddie Bentz of ihe Bentz-Doll bank robbing gang, which perpetrated one of the biggest bank lootings on record when it pulled the million-dollar rob- bery of the Lincoin National Bank in 1930—seized in a dumb-waiter shaft in Brooklyn, N. Y., on March 13 dur- ing a tear-gas siege on his apartment hideout. (He commented to G-men: “Bank robbery ain't the soft racket it used to be.”) He is serving 20 years in Alcatraz. Clarence Sparger and John Lang- don, Missouri bank robbers—captured April 21, 1936, at & tourist camp near Hickman Mills, Mo., after = gun battle wounded three times and an F. B. 1. agent was shot in the leg. The pair received 25-year Federa]l sentences and Langdon got; 10 years additional on State charges. Alvin Karpis, co-leader of the Kar- pis-Barker kidnap gang and author of 2 letter threatening “death on sight” to Director Hoover—captured without | gunfire in New Orleans May 1 by s squad led in person by Hoover. He pleaded guilty to the Hamm kidnap- ing and joined Arthur (“Doc”) Barker | and others of his gang serving life terms on Alcatraz Island. Harry Campbell, machine gunning companion of Karpis in his gun battle with police in Atlantic City—arrested in Toledo, Ohio, May 7 without gun- fire by = raiding party.led personally | by Hoover. He pleaded guilty to the Bremer kidnaping and also went to Alcatraz for life. Capture of Robinson, Thomas H. Robinson, jr., “lone- wolf” kidnaper of Mrs. Berry Stoll, Louisville, Ky.—captured at Glendale, Calif., May 11 without gunfire. He was sent to Atlanta Penitentiary for life. William Dainard, better known as Mahan, an “slias,” leader in the kid- naping of 8-year-old George wcyer-| haeuser, at Tacoms, Wash., appre- hended in San Prancisco, May 7, be- fore he had time to resist. He pleaded guilty and was given two concurrent 60-year sentences, to be served st Mc- Neil Island Penitentiary. Reese Balley, bank robber, shot snd slightly wounded in the legs when be opened fire on F. B. 1. inspector and an agent who found him milking s cow on & farm Resr Ohillieothe, Ohio, November 13. Pleading gullty STAR, WASHINGTON to assaulting Federal officers, Bailev was sentenced to 20 vears in Federal prison. Harry Brunette, “two-gun” bank bandit and kidnaper, taken December 15 after a ¢5-minute gun batile in a New York Gity apartment house. He pleaded guilty to kidnaping a Jersey trooper and will serve a life sentence at Alcatraz Penitentiary. With the capture of Brunette the F. B. 1. had but one major kidnaper left on its wanted list, Merle Vanden- bush. There were several minor hoodlums connected with other kid- napings being sought. Two cases once listed as kidnapings within investiga- tive jurisdiction of the G-men were wiped off the records with notations: “Not & Federal kidnaping.” One of these was the June Robles case at Tucson, Ariz., and the other was the Baby Browe disappearance in Detroit. T'he former now is listed as an extor- tion plot and the latter a non-Federal baby stealing or murder case. The year brought death by execu- tion to the first criminal convicted under a recent Federal law making it a capital offense to kill a Federal agent. George W. Barreit, stolen car racketeer, was' put to death March 24 last for the slaving of Special Agent Nelson B. Klein on August 16, 1935, when Klemn and & fellow agent captured him at Coliege Corner, Ind. California Spy Case. Among other interesting F. B. I cases in the past 12 months were the arrest and conviction of Harry Thomas Thompson in California for espionage in conneciion with the sale of naval secrels to Japan: the arrest of Representative Jobn H. Hoeppel and his son at Richmond under fugi- tive warrants when they failed 1o ap- pear for commitment upon conviction of soliciting money for a West Point appointment, and the Moro Castle fire trial, resulting In conviction of three ship line officers for negligence. Not all the achievements of the F. B. 1. took place on the baitle line. Day in and day out experts in the technical laboratory were solving crimes by microscopic, chemical, ultra- violet light and other analyses of clues hideen in dust, fibers, stains and other bits of evidence. Identification experts were comparing Lhe 4,000-odd fingerprints received daily from police, | with master prints of criminals in the collection of more than 6,500,000 in the F. B. 1. files. In addition to supplying free labo- | ratory examinations and fingerprint | identifications to more than 10,000 po- | lice agencies, the bureau early in the year announced esiablishment s s permanent insatution of the F. B. 1. National Police Academy, for training | of selected police officers in latest methods of crime detection and crimi- nal apprehension. The third session | of the school will begin January 11 | next, | As the year progreased F. B. I. crime statisticians noted an unusual shift in the “dangerous age” of criminals from the 19-year-old group to those | 21, 22 and 23 years old. Whether this is due to the 19-year-old group continuing their criminality and be- coming second offenders, to effective- ness of the war on crime or to an improvement in economic factors has not been determined. ! While the G-men received & vast | amount of popular acclaim for their exploits, they also were subjected to | sniping attacks—the most discussed ' | of which was an unauthorized under- | | cover inquiry by Secret Service men in St. Paul as to the tactics of F. B, I, agents in the Dillinger case. Two | Secret Service subordinate officials were reprimanded and demoted for this “spying.” Reunion for Christmas. LINCOLN, Nebr. () —Jacob Strack- | bein, 67, a Russian farmer, has been-| | separated from his two sons and two daughters here a quarter of & century. | It took five years to eomplete ar- ' rangements for his entry. He will arrive in New York from sur:u'.! Russis, December 22. | a | cline for the year. D. C. FRIDAY, TEETH AGAIN GET REASONABLE CARE Number Again Come for Examina- tion at Regular Intervals, Dentist Says. Dr. William Custis Hunt. down- town dentist, witnessed what he terms & “return to the good old days” in 1936. when he had more than 4,000 appointments. “You can undersiund what this means,” Dr. Hunt said, “when I rell you that T am & five-day-a-week man and work on those dasvs only from 9 am. unul 4:30 pm. Yet, under these rather short hours, and the short weeks, 1 managed 1o squeere in more than 200 appointments over and above what I had in 1935.” Dr. Hunt, whose father was one of the old-line dentists in Washington vears 8go, nofed a big increase in resiorative work—and & greater de- mand for X-rays. This showed, he said, that people had come into more money, as they usually neglect their teeth greatly when the purse-sirings are tight. Another thing Dr. Hunt noted in the year gone by was s great de- crease in extraclions for the younger generation, which proved to him that the children were getting the right Pproportion of proper foodstuffs. Also, some of the older patients went back into the habit of visiting their dentist at regular periods—instead of putting these visits off, as usually was the case in lean years. RENO WEDDINGS BEAT DIVORCES 7,596 TO 3,001 By the Associated Press, RRENO, Nev, January 1.—Cupid beat old man divorce befier than two 1o one in Reno during 1936 and set a new record. The count showed 7,596 marriage licenses, against 3,001 divorces. About 90 per ceni of Reno's cou- ple’s came over the Sierra from Cali- fornia to escape that State's so-called three days’ notice before a license may be issued. The previous marriage-license rec- ord was 6,054, se; in 1935, The di- JAN TARY 1, SUPREME COURT FACES BIG TASKS Wagner Aot Desision Will Be Biggest Judicial Job in 1937, BY JOHN M. CLINE. ‘Two vital questions—one socisl and the other personal in nature—are con- fronting the Supreme Court today as that august tribunal moves into s 1937, the justices announced decisions in hslf a dosen cases of national im- portance. The biggest judicial job awaiting the Justices in 1937 is that of deciding the constitutionality of the Wagner labor relations act, a ruling of great alike. Of almost equal interest is the question whether Associate Justice Harlan Piske Stone, now seriously i1, will be able to participate in any cases during the early part of the new year. Justice Stone, generally classed with the so-called liberal members of the bench, has not been able to attend & | court session since October 13. He left his home here for the South shortly before Christmas, however, and this was generally regarded as an indiea- tion that his health is improving. | A. A. A. Ruled Tavalid. { | The first important decision of the | | 1938 term came early in January, when | the agricultural adjustment act, a New | Deal measure designed to improve con- | ditions on American farms, de- | clared unconstitutional by s 6-to-3 ote. | Of fundamental importance in this | case was the further delineation of | the boundary beyond which the Fed- eral Government may not go without | invading the rights reserved to the | | States by the Tenth Amendment. | Inaddition to ruling that this sct in- vaded the rights of the States, the | court held it was not a proper exercise | of Federal power under the ‘general | weltare” clause of the Constitution. | This clause, empowering Congress to | | legislate for the general welfare, has | | been cited frequently by New Deal | | lnwyers, although littie considered in the past. Amendment Taik Revived. The A. A. A. decision, coupled with the sdverse ruling in the Guffey coal act case, revived talk of a constitu- ! tional amendment abridging the power of the justices to declare an act of | | Congress unconstitutional. During | | the presidential political campaign | | numerous Democratic speakers at- tacked the court for blocking the aims of the New Deal, while the Repub- licans acclaimed the justices as the | saviors of the country institutions | but. the question of the proposed | amendment was never brought forth as & political issue. President Ronu-} velt, since his overwhelming re-elec- tion, has not indicated whether he ! contemplades any steps to facilitate | judicial approval of the New Deal's legislative ventures. The Government's first big consti- tutional victory of the year came | February 17, when the court gave qualified aproval to the vast electrie | power experiment in the Tennessee ' Valley. In substance. the effect of the T. V.| A. decision was to uphold the right of | the Government to lease transmission | limes for the sale of surplus power | generated at Wilson Dam. In its legal | fight to win this point the Govern- | ment contended the dam was built as a step in the national defense pro- gram and that the project was cal- culated to improve the navigability of | the Tennessee River. From the court's limited approval it was sssumed the entire project would be sanctioned on ' the latter ground. Guffey Act Ruled Out. The Guffey act, entitled the “little N. R. A of the soft coal industrv” and enacted to regulate the hours and wages of that fleld of industry, was declared unconstitutional on May 18 by & 5-t0-3 vote. court held the Federal Government had invaded the legisiative field re- served to the States. On the 1st of June the justices. bv‘ & 5-10-4 vote, threw out the New importance to worker and -mmmi right of the P. W. A, t0o make lo-m’ and grants to municipalities for con- | atruction of publicly owned electric systems, was sent back to the lower | courts December 14 for correction of procedural errors in the trial of the case, and on December 21 the court upheld validity of the arms embargo imposed during the Chaco war. This | last opinion was the most important of the year from an international , snd was Interpreted as | paving the way for more eflcctlvc‘ neutrality legislation in the future. The Wagner act, passed to guar- | sntee workers in interstate commerce | | the right of collective bargaining, was | attacked by the Associated Press and | | the Arnold Bus Co., operating between | Virginia and the District. A decision | invalidating this act would be almost | certain to revive the attacks on the the bitterness of the lzbor struoeles | | now raging in several sections of the country. Other important cases awaiing re- | view this year include the revised | rallroad retirement act, the power cases and probably the social se- curity set. o Le'wrisic (Continued Prom Pirst Page.) States Steel and General Motors, have & moral and public responsibility,” he continued. “They have neither the moral nor the legsl right to rule as sutocrats over the hundreds of thou- sands of employes. They have no| right to transgress the law, which gives to the worker the right of seif- government snd collective bargaining.” On the subject of industrial arms, Lewis made an impassioned appeal to passion as he recited findings of the Senate committee investigating civil liberties to the effect that huge siocks | of guns and bombs and $500.000 worth of tear and mustard gas have been delivered in recent months o indus- trial plants. “This gas, these clubs and these ma- chine guns are intended to make you contented with your present jobs,” he declared, “with your present wages and with vour present conditions of employment. They are intended fur- ther to compel you to accept & com- pany-operated and company-managed union. How do you like it, workers? ‘What do you propose to do about it?” Duty of Government. ‘The Federal Government, he added. should strip such plants of their weapons of war. Labor demands, lewis continued, “that Congress exercise its constitu- tional powers and brush aside the negative sutocracy of the Federal Ru o Joe ond the Budget Bunc = Here again IM! York law fixing the minimum I‘RIQA‘ of women and children, holding that it deprived those it was designed to benefit of their right to conmtract ' freely with their employers. This de- cision was met with the criticism that the court bad mapped out a “no man's lsnd” in which neither the State nor Federal Government could legislate to improve social conditions Just before taking their Summer recess. the justices heid that the Se- curities Exchsnge Commission could not compel s New York stock broker to sppesr for examination after be had withdrawn a registration of se- curities. Reconvening in the Fall, the court in an unusual 4-to-4 ruling. upheld | the New York unemployment insur ance law. Justice Stone did not par- ticipate because of his iliness. This decision did not pass on the Federal social security sct, although the State laws are part of the national set-up. Right to Sit on Juries. | On the first opinion day in Decem- judiciary. Bither by constitutional amendment or statutory enactment, the right of Congress to legislate for the welfare of the people * * * must be assured. The (Supreme) Court has overstepped the bounds of its own au- thority and has gratuitously offended over two-thirds of the Nation's cite izens.” Peace in industry, Lewis concluded, “cannot be achieved by employers® denial of the right to organize; by denial of conferences for bargaining purposes; by the purchase and use of arms, ammunition and tear gas; by a continued policy of arrogance and repression, “The time has passed in Ameriea when the workers can be either club- bed, gassed, or shot down with im- punity. T solemnly warn the leaders new year after & busy 1936, in which | power of the court and would enhance | ©f industry that labor will not tolerate such policies or tactics. Labor will also expect the protection of the agencies of the Federal Government in the pursuit of its lawful objectives. “The stage is set. Industry can go forward with profit to its investors, and with security to our ecitizenship; or it can elect to destroy itself by blindly following its unreasoning | prejudices, and refusing to eonform to the modern concept of proper ine dustris! relationships. “The leaders of industry will de- cide, #and upon them rests the respon- sibility of deciding wisely.” DELICACIES IN DEMAND; WOMAN BAKER SAYS Regards Increased Sale of Cakes and Cookies as Index of Better Times. Mrs. Katherina Logemann. one of the few women bakers in Washington, has been baking bread for Washing- tonians these past 31 years and, with her sons and husband, carries on one of ihe real old-fashioned bakery busi~ nesces in the city. Mrs, Logemann looks upon bread as the real stafl of life, says business keeps along a pretiy even keel for that reason, but admits that the two years preceding 1935 put & dent even in the bakery business. She notes a de- cided improvement in the past 13 months over 1935. “'Aside from bread.” Mrs. Logemann says, “one of the real indices marking a return of prosperity is the way people purchase pastries and other delicacies of the baking ari—tarts, cookies, cakes, and such—and the sales of these are on the up-grade. Have been, ever since about the last of March.” b WMAL, Tuesdoys, 7:30 P. w Suits, O'coats Topcoats “Tails” | ber, the justices ruled that covemv] “gin marriage” law, which requires ment employes weer eligible to serve on juries in criminal cases, s duty from whick. they had been barred in the past. Although this ruling had | little importance nstionally, it was of vorce business, for which Reno is more | considerable value here, since it made | widely noted, showed a slight de- In 1935, suits to- taled 3,088, | available the services of some 100,000 | additional prospective furors. The Duke power case, involving the Pre-Inventory Sale of Grands—Up right Pianos We are offering Substantial Reductions during this sale . . . g GRANDS pom $160 = UPRIGHT Apert, Size from 9] 4.8-50 w UPRIGHTS for Bagin- ners and Practice Work $40—$50—3%60 HUGO WORCH 1110 G N.W. .| 835 Grades $40 Grades ¥ $45 Grades, now.__ 005-07 Pa. 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