Evening Star Newspaper, September 25, 1936, Page 32

B—12° »* PEACE GONGRESS HAILED BY THOMAS Utah Senator Sees Portent of Prosperity in Talk at Buenos Aires. (This is the sizteenth article of a Series on the new Pan-Americanism and the fjorthcoming Peace Con- gress at Buenos Aires.) BY BRENT DOW ALLINSON. New portents of peace-and prosperity for the world are contained in the coming economic and political co- alescence of the American nations at the Inter-American Peace Conference at’ Buenos Aires, Senator Elbert D. ‘Thomas of Utah believes. At the same time the noted interna- tional jurist and legislator urged con- sideration of Canada as a self-govern- ing American republic in everything but. name, which ought to be invited to fill the vacant chair long reserved for it in the Pan-American Union here. “Life,” he said, “is always a process of change, and history merely an ex- planation of that change, and the role of true statesmen is to recognize eco- nomic and political necessity before it is too late, and to extend law to places where there has not been law before. No Central Authority. “At no time have we had a law that spoke for the entire world. To- day, politically speaking, there is no central authority. We speak of a ‘World Court; but even if its jurisdic- tion were world-wide, its judgment against a state could be enforced only when that state accepted it. There is a society of nations extensive in scope; but that society is conceived of as existing not for itself, but for the benefit of its individual members, which are states, not individual citi- eens: We do not yet recognize world o E citisenship, but we soon shall recog- nise citizenship in the American Hemisphere. “The modern theories of self-con- | 80 trol and self-restraint on the part of nations—still-by no means universally accepted—are not much older, as an expression of law and right, than half of the past 30 years. Throughout his- tory the titles of kings and emperors reflected an unquestioned authority wherever they were thundered; but there was no unity, save in medieval idea. Yet today, when the concept of international unity is heard chiefly in prayer to a universal or eternal God, and all states stand apart but in legal theory equal to all others, we have more actual unity than the world has ever known before. It is the irony of history that, when the fact of uni- versal authority was asserted, the world had- no united will; and that now, when the fact'is denied, sov- ereign states show restraint and give at times assent to a united, collective purpose. In this we may have the key to a better future. Neutrality Law New Idea, “Our neutrality law is a new political idea, responsive to an altered set of physical and military facts. The old formula becomes untenable. At pres- ent it is & domestic enactment, not treaty law. It may become good in- ternational law, however, as a result of the coming Buenos Aires confer- ence. At the initiative of Congress and of the Munitions Committee, the law passed by the Seventy-fourth Con- gress last session sets certain prohi- bitions ‘and duties governing the ac- tions of American citizens in the event of war. between foreign states, while our Government remains at peace. ‘The important point of difference be- tween it and the ‘sanctions’ theory of the League of Nations at Geneva is that in spirit and word it reaffirms one of, the old fundamentals of the doctrine of neutrality asserted by the administration of George Washington and accepted by the world as good international law—that all belligerents shall be treated with impartiality and that the provisions of the law apply automatically upon the proclamation of a state of neutrality—apply to in- dividual citizens in their commercial and personal behavior and without prolonged debate as to which of two or more foreign belligerents is ‘the aggressor.” This in consistent with THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. the viewpoint prociaimed in the Kel- logg and the Argentine anti-war pacts—that warfare is & crime and vernments that perpetrate it, whether declared or not, are guilty of law breaking, which is felony. There is no relationship between the Amer- ican law and policy of neutrality and the League's sanctions, either in law or theory. The League sanction is only a reclmmendation, as yet in- effectively carried out—there are no persons directly under League juris- diction. But the American neutrality act’s code of restrictions and cuties is imposed and enforced by American Federal authorities and courts upon citizens directly.” “And as for the new pan-American- ism?” he. was asked. Stage Set for Change. “It is not for us, perhaps, to maze the world over,” replied Senator Thomas. “But the stage is set for a mighty change in outlook and for & new attitude, especially among the self-governing and democratic Ameri- can peoples, which will result in a new and enlarged relationship. Such is the new pan-Americanism. It is com- ing about by the most peaceful, natu- ral of processes—by the enactment of the highest authority of the British commonwealth of nations and the Con- gress of the United States. I count as the outstanding gain of the past 30 years the statute of Westminster, adopted in 1931. The modern, demo- cratic British commonwealth of na- tions came into existence as a result of the shock and sacrifices of the ‘World War; for that war and its peace brought to an end the legal structure of the old British Empire and its King- Emperor. By that statute England spoke to Canada, thus: ‘That whicn your Parliament decides shall be un- questioned henceforward by us.” Sec- ondly, our Congress spoke: “When any American republic finds itself at war with a non-American state, our neutrality act and its prohibitions shall not apply to the former.” This provision is in reality not merely an echo of the Monroe Doctrine, buf, ing the World War. W “Canada may now take her seat in the Pan-American Union, for under the statute of Westminster she may assume all the privileges and' duties of an American republic. At the coun- cil table of the union in Washingtoa there has always been a vacant chair —a thoughtful reservation made for Canada. The stage is properly set to- day in law and attitude for that seat to be taken. All far-sighted Americans pray for its fulfiliment. It should hap- pen before President Roosevelt's pro- posed meeting of all the Americas at Buenos Aires.” Stolen Birds Fly Home. The danger of stealing homing pig- eons has been brought home to three youths tried at Gothenburg for the theft of birds from a Varberg pigeon cote last June. One of tpe stolen birds returned to the owner’s loft with an- other pigeon fancier’s mark on its leg. Inquiries were made, and the second fancier was able to indicate from whom he had bought the bird. This led to the arrest of the youths who confessed to the theft of half ‘a dogen birds from the Varberg man's loft. == LAY ~ s FUR-TRIMMED MAN-TAILORED HREE-PIECE SUITS In the Newest Autumn Monotone Tweeds $3 Q-9 Here is just what smart Wash- - tonians will be needing for around wear this Fall and Winter. It is so definitely a part of the new mode. These suits coasist of a fully lined and interlined : tweed coat with a nice wolf or raccoon collar, and : a trim two-piece short suit featuring the new button-down-the-front jacket. Sizes for misses and junior misses. SUIT SHOP SECOND FLOOR 'TOQUE-ING PERSIAN s 98 | Little Persion-trimmed hats are more important then ever this year, and you don't have to be - wealthy to own one. The hat sketched is one of our assortment of fur-trimmed hats ot this price. 7 F ST. AT QTH SEPTEMBER 25, 1936. PREP SUITS *19.50 With Two TROUSERS —The youth who likes fine tailoring and authentic styling in his clothes will ap- plaud our new Fall Commanders! 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