Evening Star Newspaper, July 2, 1936, Page 10

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. July 2, 1936 THEODORE W. NOYES. The Evening Star Newspaper Company. 1100 st AP Eo S vania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 4<nd Bt Pur A O, Lake Ml fohdon. Ensiane. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Edition, e Evening Star _ e Evening and 8 da 65c_per month -5¢ per €opY 70¢c per month 56c per montn % each month. Daai” 5600 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday. - ; 1 mo. 85c it ;1 mo. 50c & Canada. 0 \ly and Sundsy_.1 yr. $12.00: 1 g:ll; :nly,,.. $8.00: 1 mq Sunday only___. $5.00: 1 mo. Member of ssoctated Press is exclusively entitled to the tse Tof republication. of 2l mevs dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. Il “Tights ‘of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. = $4.00; 1 mol Hamilton Attacks. The campaign is on, the issues have been joined by the adoption of the party platforms in Cleveland and Philadelphia and the nominations of Landon and Roosevelt. John Hamilton, chairman of the Republican National Committee, in his first political address since the con- clusion of the Democratic National Con- vention, delivered last night in Colum- bus, undertook to compare the platforms and the presidential candidates of the two major political parties. In his com- parison he made the charge that the Democratic pla‘form was “Mr. Roose- velt's personal document.” Whether it be or not is not so material as the con- tent of the platform. Into their platform the Democrats— or Mr. Roosevelt—wrote a declaration that only the Federal Government can deal effectively with the social and economic problems which confront the sent of the required number of property owners and then sell the property to an oil company. The objection to such prac- tice lay in the fact that neither the Commissioners nor the Park and Planning authorities were able to prevent use of the.land for that purpose after consent of property owners had been obtained. A gasoline station’s )oclt‘n might be undesirable for esthetic reasons or be- cause of traffic interference, but the authorities were powerless to prevent it. The new regulations regarding consent provisions in first commercial use zones require not only the consent of the prop- erty owners, but the consent of the Com- missioners, and, indirectly, of the traffic and Park and Planning authorities. Under certain conditions, such as prox- imity to residential zones, certain uses are barred entirely. The Commissioners are given a veto power to be exercised in the public interest, and the protection of zoned areas is increased. —_——- Ethiopia at Geneva. While it is & foregone conclusion that the League of Nations is not going to dislodge Italy from Ethiopia and restore the independence of the subdued state, Emperor Haile Selassie’s pathetic plea for “justice,” delivered before the As- sembly at Geneva, will rank as one of the most remarkable episodes in modern his- tory. That the dethroned monarch’s scathing indictment of the League’s pusillanimity did not fall on deaf ears is manifest from the immediate threat of Latin American states to withdraw from the body because of its ignominious fail- ure in the African confiict. Chagrin and misgivings on this score are not confined to the western side of the Atlantic. The foreign ministers of seven European nations—Denmark, Fin- land, Norway, Sweden, The Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland—announced that their countries, too, are now filled with doubts as to whether the conditions un- der which they assumed League obliga- tions still obtain. The smaller League states are thus in almost unanimous re- volt against Geneva because of its dem- onstrated inability to fulfill the cove- nant’s pledge of collective security. Co- people of America today. They tossed J yigeny with castigation of the League's aside the old philosophy of Thomas Jefferson, a great Democrat in his day, that the best governed country is that which is least governed. They said, as specifically as they said anything, that the Federal Government was to be- come more and more the administrator of the affairs of the people. Nothing could have been more indicative that the Democratic party, as dominated by Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Dealers, has abandoned its old antag- onism to centralized government in ‘Washington and its support of the doc- trine that the individual States shall deal with the problem of the people. Mr. Hamilton, speaking of the Demo- cratic platform, said that “there is no confidence shown by Mr. Roosevelt's document in the ability of the citizens to solve their own problems; every one is invited to look to Government, to the Roosevelt administration and particu- larly to Mr. Roosevelt himself.” And Mr. Hamilton added that “the platform written in Washington and adopted at Philadelphia seeks chiefly to hypnotize the voters into returning a particular political individual and,his clique to power.” ‘The Republican party, according to Mr. Hamilton, prefers to mobilize the self-reliance “that has for 150 years in every generation built and rebuilt Amer- ica.” He added that the Republican party insists that the Government must keep open the door of oppartunity, al- though it recognizes & broad field in which Goverrment regulation is both needed and salutary. Mr. Hamilton is developing a tech- nique in his political speeches. He praises Landon, the Republican nominee, for failing to have qualities or for fail- ing to act along certain lines. The im- plication is immediately apparent that Mr. Hamilton is accusing President Roosevelt of having these qualities and of having done the things which the Republican chairman is attacking. Yet Hamilton does not use the name of the Democratic candidate in making these comparisons. For example, discussing Landon last night, Mr. Hamilton said: “He does not believe in elaborate phrases, for he has nothing to hide; he does not engage in personal abuse, for there is no bitterness in his nature; he does not seek to divide men into classes, for, like the majority of our citizens, he does not admit the existence, in this country, of the foreign creed of class.” The Republican chairman had a few words to say about the Democratic Na- tional Convention just closed and that of the G. O. P. The two conventions were “different,” he argued, which was “fortunate for the Nation.” He said that if the Republican National Convention had been composed of professional poli- ticians, holding Government or party jobs, it would have been just too bad for tne country. And he was critical of the “order of business” in the Phila- delphia convention, “mummers’ parades, vaudeville skits and bathing beauty con- tests.” Mr. Hamilton might have criti- cised the Democrats for taking five days in Philadelphia to do what they could have done in two at the outside; he might have spoken also of the ordeal of the fifty-odd seconding speeches made from the convention platform for Roosevelt. The Democrats will have to live down the effect on the country of that spectacle, if they can. Strengthened Zoning. The Zoning Commission’s change in the “consent” provisions of the zoning regulations are designed to give the Com- missioners and other city planning agen- cies a discretionary power which, curi- ously enough, was lacking under the original regulations. The lack of such power contributed to the growth of a practice which was harmful in its effect on city planning and such regulatory ac- tivities of the municipality as traffic control. The practice—it has been called a racket—was.to buy up property for such use as a filling station, obtain the con- sorry performance in its jousting with Mussolini the Assembly echoed with af- firmation of unwillingness to recognize the validity of the Fascists’ ill-gotten gains. Premier Blum categorically af- firms France's refusal to acknowledge an- nexation. British Foreign Secretary Eden is of the same mind. Colombia’s delegate indicates that Latin American republics are in stern anti-recognition mood. After Italian occupants of the press gallery indulged in an unseemly demon- stration against Haile Selassie, creating leled in League experience, the deposed emperor addressed the Assembly in courageously candid and moving terms. He was sympathetically welcomed and attentively heard, as he admonished the representatives of 52 nations not to cre- ate the fatal precedent of bowing to force by accepting the Italian conquest. He warned the assembled world statesmen that “God and history will remember your judgment.” The ex-king of kings narrated how he had placed implicit faith in League support, never imagining that such an aggregation of power would bend the knee to the aggressor or per- mit a fellow-member nation ruthlessly to be crushed out of existence. Il Duce’s imperial victim minced no words in challenging the selfish motives of “cer- tain nations” which shrank from ap- plying sanctions to the limit, charging France in particular with having made a private deal at Rome to “abandon Ethiopian independence to Italian greed.” Haile Selassie argued roundly that noth- ing less thnx} “international morality'i is now at stake. Not the least impressive feature of his plaintive appeal was his account of Italy’s use of poison gas. ‘To it he mainly ascribed the collapse of Ethiopian resistance because of his peo- ple’s inability to overcome this “refine- ment of barbarism.” Geneva is not yet finished with the consequences of the Italian aggression. No one expects that the League can pos- sibly re-establish Ethiopia’s former status, but her fate may pave the way to reorganization of the world association on lines adapted to practical realities and thus serve the cause of peace by making Fascist model at.least less likely than before. ——e————— The good neighbor ideal is progressing though still far short of recognizing friends and fellow taxpayers in the Dis- trict of Columbia as worthy of a voice in legislation. e A Great Park. The President’s dedication tomorrow of the Shenandoah National Park is an important event in the lives of millions | of people who live in the crowded East. | To them the park, with its beautiful scenery and its unsurpassed Skyline Drive, represents an imperishable asset, to be enjoyed for years to ¢ome. What is more, it is merely the beginning of the great development of the scenic and recreational resources, hidden away in the Blue Ridge and the Great Smoky Mountains of the Allegheny Range, des- tined to take place in the next few years. From Front Royal, at the north en- trance to the park, to Swift Run Gap, its present southern terminus, Skyline Drive now runs its course of sixty-eight miles through mountain scenery that is marvelous in its constantly changing prospect of deep valleys and high peaks. The road from Front Royal to Panorama is soon to be paved. It is already pass- able, but rough and dusty. The rest of way, from Panorama to Swift Run Gap, the paved highway is completed, a feat of engineering and a delight to the motorist more interested in beauty than speed. . The Shenandoah National Park was authorized by Congress in May, 1926, and was turned over to the National Government by Virginia in December of 1935, the time intervening having been spent in the laborious process of obtain- ing title to the land by gift, purchase scenes of violence and disorder unparal- | a repetition of ' land-grabbing on the |. 25 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., THURSDAY, JULY 2, 1936. - THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL! | and condemnation. *‘The Skyline Drive was surveyed and constructed by the Bureau of Public Roads, starting in 1931, and work on the roadway, as well as in the park itself, has been greatly facilitated by the Civillan Conservation Corps, which has maintained five camps in the park. The next great project now is for completion of the drive through Virginia to North Carolina, where it will connect with a similar drive along the top of the ridges of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and ‘Tennessee. Thirty miles of this drive in North Carolina have been completed as a work relief project and other por- tions have been authorized. A footpath of the Appalachian Trail now runs south from Swift Run to Waynesboro, southern entrance to the park; thence through the Natural Bridge National Forest to the North Carolina border along the route eventually to be fol- lowed by the extension of Skyline Drive. There will be no more beautiful highway in all the world. B Conventions must be considerate of citizens who have subscribed a fund for hospitable purposes. Even though, as statesmen have intimated, the respons- ible business could be transacted in one or two days, there is an ethical obliga- tion to make the demonstration rate at least as what professional showmanship would designate “a week stand.” r——— References to the Philadelphia con- vention as “a show” call attention to so many shades of social complexion, in- cluding an Atlantic City sun tan, that it might almost be regarded as a rival of the late Mr. Barnum's “Ethnological Congress.” : ——— e The sum of five million dollars is left to Harvard University by the widow of the founder of the Milwaukee Journal. In proper gratitude the university is ex- pected to make some dignified recogni- tion of the money that made Milwaukee famous. — e When France bestowed the cross of the Legion of Honor upon him Mr. John D. Rockefeller spoke briefly, thereby setting an admirable example to some of the orators who desire encouragement from Radio City. Strange homicides are so frequently reported that psychologists may be called on to decide how far an erratic indi- vidual may carry his personal ideas of the pursuit of happiness. R ) It is not easy to keep out of politics. Even so able and comparatively pros- perous a man as Gov. Lehman could not manage {t. e Mr. Zioncheck was not permitted to travel by plane. For a man in his state of general resentment the plane would be safe, but the passenger might not. —— e As a former King of Kings, Selassie enjoys a certain prestige, but is not encouraged to look for much success as an international lobbyist. —— e Mr. Farley may soon be no longer a postmaster, but he will still be a great general. —_——— Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Tips. The world to me subsistence owes. I can't enjoy it in repose. I'm told the real right to live Depends on service I can give, | I can’t humiliate my soul By application for a dole So I prefer to stand and wait And be a servant of the state. It will exalt my frame of mind If some gratuity I find Beneath the plate when guests retire To swell my insufficient hire, Fees and assessments I must meet My tax bill never seems complete. It brings a pleasure sweetly strange When some one whispers, “Keep the change.” Leadership. “Are you a political leader?” “I am,” said Senator Sorghum, “but I'm not a political boss.” “What's the difference?” “A political leader is like the drum major who makes a graceful demon- stration at the head of the parade. But he may not know where he's going until the boss tells fiim the line of march.” Jud Tunkins says that names make news, but maybe we're getting too many of the names from the titles of pictures in the rogue’s gallery. Artificial Light. The sunshine brings us every day Some reason new To pass the happy hours away 'Mongst friendships true. Electrical devices show A plan rehearsed, ‘When we the best of life would know, To tell the worst! Vanity Fair. “Fashion has lengthened skirts for formal occasions.” “Yes,” said Miss Cayenne. “Fashion is something like a whist game. A clever player is most effective when she brings in her long suit.” F Prosperity Corners. t We've heard the keynotes lusty In a most convincing tone. The trombone isn't rusty, Neither is the saxophone. Prosperity, we are learning, ‘Will be waiting on the way And its corner well be turning ‘When the band begins to play. “Politics is improvin,” said Uncle Eben. “It even shows signs of gettin’ religion. At de camp meetin’ de speaker ’stid of tellin’ me how to get to Heaven axed me how I was gineter vote.” THE POLITICAL MILL BY G. GOULD LINCOLN. Postmaster General James A. Farley is about to relinquish his cabinet job— for the duration of the war. He is to be again the generalissimo of the Roose- velt Democratic forces. He could do the job just as well—and perhaps a little better from the practical side—if he remained at the head of the Post Office Department. But it would not look s0 well. Indeed, Mr. Farley's con- tinuance as a member of the cabinet for the last three years and four months while continuing to be chairman of the National Committee and chief dispenser of political jobs has been a sad disap- pointment to such progressives and po- litical purists as Senator George W. Norris of Nebraska. * ok K ok The country is about to observe for the first time a national political cam- paign waged by a great governmental bureaucracy, aided and abetted by a tremendous expenditure of Government money for many different purposes, in- cluding work relief, direct relief, sub- sidies to the farmers and public works. Such a bureaucracy, if it works wholly together, should be able to maintain it- self indefinitely. Its ramifications are enormous. Every paid Government worker has his family and his friends. Mr. Farley has built up a strong po- litical organization in all of the States. He has traveled the country over many times during the last three years. He has been indefatigable. He has all the loose ends within his grasp. He has shown himself a great organizer. Now and then there has been a slip—when, for example, the “green ink” letter went to one faction of the Democratic party in California, and had to be pinned on a “dumb stenographer.” Take it by and large, however, Mr. Farley has been a successful political leader. There never has been much question about finding a new man to take over the po- sition of Postmaster General, if Farley stepped out. The tough job would have been to find a new Democratic national chairman who had the same kind of contacts all over the country. * K ¥ ¥ The Democratic organization is made up in considerable part by men and women whose livelihood depends upon party success. That is an impelling cause for activity. It is not likely they will lJeave many stones unturned to win for Roosevelt next November. Such an organization and such a bureaucrgcy are not wholly invincible. But they are likely to be hard to beat, at any time. It all depends upon how fed up the majority of the people may be with the Roosevelt New Deal; how badly they feel about increased taxes and higher prices. It is the antis who will win for Landon and the Repub- lican ticket—if they win. The antis are quite numerous. The Roosevelt Demo- crats endeavor to make light of the Al Smiths, the Jim Reeds, etc., who have no use for the New Deal and who are openly fighting the re-election of Presi- dent Roosevelt. They do not know, however, how far-reaching the influence of these disgruntled Democrats may be. It is only surmise with them. They probably recall, however, that these Democrats have been strong figures in the party in the past. ok With the final agreement of Gov. Herbert H. Lehman to be a candidate to succeed himself the Roosevelt Demo- crats are greatly pleased. Gov. Lehman is a Jew. So is Gov. Henry Horner of Illinois, whom the” Democrats have re- nominated this year. New York and Illinois are both regarded as pivotal States in the coming election, one in the East and the other in the Middle West. Lehman and Horner are both expected to add strength to the Demo- cratic ticket in their respective States. They are expected to line up the Jewish vote on the Democratic side. One thing seems certainly true—the Jews in Illi- nois turned in strongly for Horner dur- ing the primary last April, when the Kelly-Nash Democratic organization in Chicago was doing its best to defeat Horner for renomination. * x % % In New York State there are more than 2,000,000 Jews. That is more than 16 per cent of the total population. The great bulk of this Jewish population is located in New York City, and it is to New York Cily that the Democrats look for a huge majority to offset the lead which Landon is expecied now to have in the upstate counties. There are probably between 700,000 and 800,000 Jewish voters in the metropolis. Many of them in the past have voted the Re- publican ticket. But they did not do so in 1932 or in 1934. In both those years Lehman was running for governor. It will make a great deal of difference what they do next November. Is it any wonder, therefore, that the Roosevelt leaders figuratively got down on their knees to Lehman to persuade him to enter the race for governor again? * x K % The Jewish vote in Illinois is material, but nothing like so great as in New York. There are about 400,000 Jews in Illinois, or about 4 or 5 per cent of the total population. It is not comparable to the huge Jewish vote in the Empire State. But it might hold the balance of power. Horner was nominated not only because, of the support given him by the Jews, but also because the people “down State” were determined that the Kelly- Nash organization in Chicago should name the gubernatorial candidate and possibly the next governor of the State. There is a great rivalry between the downstaters and Chicago. It is more than likely that a considerable number of Republicans went into the Demo- cratic gubernatorial primary and helped to put Horner across. How deep a scar the primary fight has left in the Demo- cratic party of Illinois is yet to be seen. But the ‘Kelly-Nash people have ap- parently accepted Horner, even if they do not like their defeat. In New York very few cheers are heard today from the Tammany leaders over the renomi- nation of Lehman. He has not done much for the Tammany outfit. Quite the contrary. * % %k X When John R. McCarl stepped out of the office of controller general of the United States and hit out at the New Deal as a waster of Government money, it was something of a blow to the ad- ministration. He has gained a Nation- wide reputation as a watchdog over Gov- ernment money. He knows more about governmental expenditures than any one else in the country, and what he says will have an effect. The President has not announced whom he intends to ap- point in the place of McCarl. He will, doubtless, be a Democrat. McCarl, the first controller general, was a Re- publican and appointed by a Republican President 15 years ago. The politics of the new controller * general, whoever he may turn out to be, is not so im- portant. What is important is his ca- pacity and his determination to make all expenditures come within the exact law. The General Accounting Office of the United States has been built up during the last 15 years. Its duties are tre- mendously important. There are a number of officials in the office who have grown up with it. One of them is » D Knowledge of the comparative sizes of wild birds is necessary if one desires to identify the varieties which come to the garden. ‘The English sparrow, known to every one, may be taken as the standard. Its length is given by most authorities as between 6 and 7 inches. Thus if we are told that the junco is slightly smaller than an English sparrow, we have some definite idea of the size of the former bird. Two other birds known to most per- sons, whether city, suburban or country dwellers, are the robin and the cardinal. The robin measures about 10 inches, from end of bill to end of tail, out- stretched, whereas the cardinal tips only about 8 inches. It will be realized that these lengths as given by the ornithologists are taken from dead birds, as they are when stretched out, and do not exactly rep- resent the “size” of a bird as we see it in the yard. Yet for convenience these scientific measurements are perhaps as good as any, since they permit comparative esti- mates, which help the bird student in determining which species he has seen. * X Kk X ‘There is a great deal of satisfaction to be had from knowing your birds. To see a beauty winging its way through your trees is one thing; to identify it, and know its name, is some- thing definitely different and better. Not even the beginner at this royal sport will mistake a crow for a purple grackle, or vice versa, if he knows that the crow usually measures 19 inches, or thereabouts, whereas the grackle sel- dom goes over 12 inches. Nor will he confuse the starling and the grackle, if he knows that the former is given a length of 8 inches or slightly larger. % It must be kept in mind that the “standard” length is sometimes exceeded by a particular specimen. Such matters as whether the bird is slim or fat, whether its feathers are fluffed, whether it is angry or in fear, all have a part to play. It is necessary for the observer to keep in mind that he is comparing his bird, first of all, with all outdoors. The bird perches in a great tree, many | thousands of times its size. It is a creature of air and horizon, against which it is seen. These vast things of Nature, whose universe seems endless, Jjust as it seems without beginning, make a little bird look very small, indeed, just as they dwarf humanity in their pres- ence. . %% * Some of the standard bird lengths follow: Bob white, 10 inches. Mourning dove, 12 inches (it seems longer). Hairy woodpecker, 9 inches or mor Downy woodpecker, almost 7 in Red-headed woodpecker, 10 inches. Red-bellied woodpecker, 9 inches. Flicker, 12 inches. Ruby-throated hummingbird, 3 ir ~ Phoebe, 7 inches. Pewee, 6 inches. Blue jay, 11 inches or more. Crow, 19 inches. Starling, 8 inches or longer. Cowhird, 8 inches. Baltimore oriole. 7 inches. Red-winged blackbird, 9 inches. Purple grackle, 12 inches. STARS, ME | if it had been dipped Purple finch, 6 inches. Goldfinch, 6 inches. English sparrow, 6 to 7 inches. White-throated sparrow, 6 inches. Chipping sparrow, 5 inches. Fox sparrow, 6 to 7 inches. Junco, or snowbird, 6 inches. Song sparrow, 6 inches. Towhee, 8 inches. Cardinal, or redbird, 8 inches. Indigo bunting, 5 to 6 inches. Scarlet tanager, 7 to 8 inches. Mockingbird, 10 inches. Catbird, 9 inches. Thrasher, 11 inches. Carolina wren, 5 inches. House wren, 4 to 5 inches. Nuthatch, 6 inches. ‘Titmouse, 6 inches. Chickadee, 5 inches. Wood thrush, 8 inches. Robin, 10 inches. » ¥ % Practically all of these birds, and more, are to be seen in nearby suburban gardens some time during the year. A few of them are migrants, and may be lured to the garden in Fall and Winter by feeding stations. Some of them stay only for a few minutes, or perhaps hours. Still, these are among the most welcome visitors, attracting by their rarity a quality which always appeals to mankind. Ordinary garden identification of a bird depends upon color, size, song and | ;o 3 habits, in the main. Thus the more | birds one knows from personal observa- tion the easier identification becomes in the case of the newcomer. Wide reading about birds helps, be- cause often there flashes in the mind, at the sight of a bird, some salient fact which hitherto had no meaning, but which now, on sight of the songster, springs to mind. This is one of the true satisfactions of reading, perhaps in no department of learning more strikingly manifest than in that of amateur bird observation. Suppose you have read about the fox sparrow, but know positively that you have never seen one in the feathers. Well, it makes no difference, if you | | remember from your study that it is a bird which scratches through leaves like a chicken. The typical sparrow-like bird which | you see one cold morning in the deserted | flower border would not catch your eye at all if you had not done a little read- ing. You would think it just another sparrow, by which you would mean English sparrow. But hold! The bird is making very glflmous scratching motions there! feet. You laugh. and call others come watch. They laugh, too. English sparrow you ever saw did that. So it must be—yes, it is—the fox spar- row! You get out the field glasses, and see that the markings are different from those of its English cousin. You have identified another bird. Consider the beautiful little purple finch. If you have read somewhere that this is a brown bird which “looks as in pokeberry Juice,” you will recognize it almost on sight, though you never had seen one consciously in your whole life. So it goes. Reading and observation go hand in hand, along with a study of the songs and comparative sizes of our typical wild birds. With some of these facts in mind, identification is a pleas- ant occupation for leisure moments. AND ATOMS to Notebook of Science Progress in Field, Laboratory and Study. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. A deadly poison can be subtracted from milk. It is contained in casein, the chief solid constituent of most milks, from which certain acids and free amino nitrogen have been removed by a chem= ical process. Fed to rats in proportions amounting to about 10 per cent of a diet which contains the constituents needed for health and growth, it produces a curious and extreme anemia which proves fatal in a relatively short time. Experiments showing the extreme poisonous effect of de-animized casein have just been re- ported from the pharmacological labora= tories of the National Institute of Health of the United States Public Health Service by Drs. M. L. Smith and E. F. Stohlman. This does not mean, it is stressed, that casein in milk itself is poison. Quite the contrary, it is one of the most es- sential foods. The fatal substance, whatever it may be. is neutralized in the casein which is found in nature and probably forms part of the essential food complex. Casein is made a poison by extracting something from it. Milk consists of about 90 per cent water, the remainder being made up of from 1 to 8 per cent casein, sugar and some mineral elements. The casein it- self is an albumin, in the same class with the white of an egg, Which can be extracted in the form of a tasteless, odorless white powder composed of car- bon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus. In addition it contains about 15 of the essential animo acids, the forms to which proteins are reduced by the digestive processes in order to be absorbed as food. Largely because of this casein is about equivalent to lean meat in food value. It supplies the in- fant with the necessary proteins for nutrition. Cheese is a modified form of casein. When treated with formalde- hyde casein is converted to a hard, non- inflamable material which has consider~ able use in industry. The fact that a curious anemia results from the feeding of casein with the amino acids extracted has been known for some time, but it has not been known whether this was a deficiency anemia or due to a definite poison. This Drs. Smith and Stohlman set out to de- termine by means of variously balanced diets which could be expected to make up any deficiencies. When plentiful supplies of amino acids themselves were added to the diet the ax;:smh developeg ust the same, although Progress was :lower and less severe. Liver extracts, effectivesagainst various dietary types of anemia, did no measurable good. They next found that when their de- casein was boiled in alkaline methyl alcohol the poison was removed. Rats fed-on the resulting substance did not develop the anemia. Neither did other rats fed on the reslduteh of ‘tsl;is bolling process. In some way the poison was being inactivated by the alkaline treatment. They were unable to re- verse this ess satisfactorily and get out the toxic substance itself which would produce the anemia when injected into the rats, although one alcohol- P. L. Yates, attorney-conferee, who is a West Virginia Democrat. Mr. Yates has made a reputation for himself in the General Accounting Office and also with Congress, whose committees he has frequently appeared before. He has much backing for the appointment to be controller general. soluble fraction did show anemia-pro- ducing effects. The de-aminized casein acts as a de- layed-action poison. For 10 or 15 days after the rats are started on such a diet there are no observable effects. Then curious changes in the blood begin to appear. As the disease progresses | the red blood cells drop from 10 million to about two million per cubic millimeter and the hemoglobin from around 80 to as low as 20 per cent. Frequently the animals die before such an extreme stage is reached. The de-animized casein is obtained by treating casein with nitrous acid. This results in a product from which nearly all the free amine nitrogen has been re- moved. It also contains no lysine; one of the essential amino acids, and two others, tyrosine and histidine, are greatly reduced. Other far-reaching changes may be brought about in the protein molecule. . Drs. Smith and Stohlman conclude that the de-aminized casein contains an unidentified toxic factor highly specific for the blood elements. They found, moreover, that a diet of de-aminized casein, even if supplemented with ade- quate protein from other sources, is fre- quently lethal in rats even before the blood shows profound changes. This leads to the speculation that there may be still another poison which probably is less specific, but may act upon the sys- tem as a whole. The significance of the findings, the two government pharmacologists point out, is purely theoretical at present. The casein anemia never would occur in nature where the casein structure is perfectly balanced to give the ultimate of food value. It is a striking instance, however, of the profound physiological effects that can come from a change in the molecular structure of a substance. —— e An Ancient Tongue. Prom the Danville (Til.) Commercial-News. Now they tell us that new slang is as old as the hills. It always did seem to be the original language with some people. ——ee— Louisiana’s Hero. From the Hartford Courant. The Louisiana Legislature has de- clared a legal holiday on the late Huey Long’s birthday anniversary. It will be Joyfully celebrated with ringing of bells and sharing the wealth. —————. The First Red in America. Prom the Kalamazoo Gazette. A historian reveals that a son of Eric the Red was one of the first men to reach this continent, but there seems to be little that Representative Hamilton Fish can do about it now. ——— Perennial. From the Cincinnati Times-Star. Men may come and men may go, but the woman who lets daylight through her man “because I loved him so” goes on forever. Faster Mails. From the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. A Wisconsin woman has just received & college degree she won in 1866. The postal service has vastly improved since post-Civil War days. , ' | Indian Ha, | How comically he uses both No | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. Have all the veterans applied for their bonus bonds?>—H. M. A. So far only 10 per cent of the eligible veterans have failed to apply. Q. How many hills were introduced in the past session of Congress?—F. F. A. A total of 17,812 private and public bills was introduced in the Seventy- fourth Congress. Q. Is it true that raspberries should always be picked early in the morning? A. Department of Agriculture tests show that early morning temperature is the chief factor in the keeping quality of raspberries. Raspberries picked from 7 t0 9 in the morning had only 15 to 20 per cent decay after four days, while berries picked from 10 am. to 1 p.m. had 65 to 95 per cent decay in the same period. Q. When is Shenandoah Nationa] Park, Virginia, to be dedicated?’—E. H. A. The ceremonies will take place on Q. Why is arrowroot so called?—W. P. A. The name is said to have originated from the use of the freshly cut roots by South American Indians as a remed: for arrow poison. Q. How often should the spark plugs beLthanged in an automobile engine? —L. K, A. The spark plugs should be replaced every 8,000 miles, Q. Who was Melissa?—M. M. R. A. In mythology she was a nymph, said to have discovered the use of honey, and from whom bees were said to have re- | ceived their Greek names, Q. Are inventions of divining rods still being patented?—L. M. A. Within the past five years more than 300 inventions for geophysical pros- | pecting have been patented here and in foreign countries. Q. Has the death rate of the American population increased or de- creased?—M. H. A. In 25 vears the death rate has de- creased from 35.6 per cent per 1.000 to 15.1 per cent. The rate for the white population is 11 per cent. Q. Where was Riccardo Martin, tencr, born?—E. H. A. He was born at Hopkinsville, Ky, Q. Where were the outdoor scenes in the recent film, “The Trail of the Lone- some Pine,” taken?—G. P. A. The exteriors were photographed at Lake Tahoe, California. Q. Please give names of people who became famous salthough handicapped by lack of hearing —W, W. A. The list would be long. A few are: Sir Joshua Reynolds, Beethoven, Oliver Goldsmith. George Meredith. Lord Ches- terfield, Martin Luther, Alfred du Pont and Thomas A. Edison. Q. At a dinner party should husbands and wives and engaged couples be seated together?—D. Z, A. It is customary to separate married couples, but to ask an engaged man to take in his fiancee. Q. What is meant by relict?—M. P. A. The word means a widow or a widower, Q. Is there a new estimate of the earth’s age?—E. M. A. Drs. T. R. Wilkins and W. M. Rayton of the University of Rochester have estimated the age of the earth at 2.500,000,000 years—an increase of half a billion over the usual estimate. They base their estimate on the decay period of actino-uranium. Q. How many lakes and streams are there in Maine?>—R. W. A. The State has 2,500 lakes and 5,000 streams, Q. Does the Mason and Dixon Line extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific Coast?—P. G. A. As originally surveyed, it extended to a point 244 miles west of the Dela- ware River, forming the boundary line between Maryland and Pennsylvania, Q. How long do the Japanese cherry trees live?—M. K. A. The expectation of life for these trees is about 50 years. Q. How many people can hear one per- SOXS‘I over the radio at the same time? —8F A. David Sarnoff, president of Radio Corp. of America, says that 90,000,000 persons can now hear one voice simul- taneously. Q. About how many words are printed in a metropolitan Sunday paper?—K. 8. A. It may easily run to 350,000, Q. How old was Hetty Green's son who died recently?—M. R. K. A. Col. Edward Howland Robinson Green was 67 years old. Q. How large is the East Texas oil fleld?,-H. G. D. A. It is 48 miles long, 8 miles in maxi- mum width and has 20,000 producing wells, oot Changing Times. From the Macon (Ga.) Telegraph. The babe of yesteryear had a tough enough time of it being bounced up and down on the lady caller’s knee, but at that it didn’t run the risk of being burned by a cigarette. A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton Constancy. A bumble-bee sipped from a meadow flogver, Honey-sweet was the wine he drew; Drank his fill in the noontide hour, Then lazily, drowsily, off he flew. A humming-bird swayed to the flower's breast Only to taste the honied dew, Barely taking the time for his quest, Then flashing and flitting to blossoms new. A butterfly poised on the flower so long It seemed to its inner heart he grew; Found sanctuary the petals among— Just resting, unquesting, the whole day thru. b