Evening Star Newspaper, July 1, 1936, Page 10

"THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY July 1, 1936 THEODORE W. NOYES.. The Evening Star Newspaper Company. st B B ivania Ave. Qflc!' 110 Ea f.'ilgfls}n g e ke Eondon. Ensiand. ce: 14 Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Ed! ening Star _ vening_and S en 4 Sunds 45¢ per month 600 per month month e Co0y B Night Final Edition. Lmhz Final and Sunday Star...70c per month ight Pinal Star_ _____ - Collection mace at the end of e Orders may be sent by mail or tel tional 5000 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Marsland and Virginia, it ‘ HER ¢ “only .00 1 mo.. Sindas on 4:00; 1 mo. 4ve All Other States and Cai aily o unday Member of the Associated Press, The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches eredited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published hereln All richts of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. — e — Roosevelt and Lehman. Eight years ago the Democratic can- didate for President persuaded Franklin D. Roosevelt to run for Governor of New York. Roosevelt ran and won. The Democratic presidential candidate, how- ever, not only failed to be elected, but he also failed to carry New York State. Today the Democratic candidate for President has persuaded Herbert H. Lehman to be a candidate to suc- ceed himself as Governor of New York. The Democratic candidate for President in 1928, Al Smith, thought that if Roosevelt could be persuaded to run at the head of the Democratic ticket in New York, the Empire State would be easier for the Democrats to carry. The present Democratic candidate for Presi- dent apparently is of the opinion that if Governor Lehman heads the ticket this year it will be easier for the party to win New York's big electoral vote next November. The point is that in 1928 the Demo- crats were worried about their ability to carry New York for the presidential nominee—as they had reason to be—and that now they are worried again. Why otherwise should the Democratic Na- tional Convention have, figuratively speaking, gone down on its knees to the New York Governor? Why otherwise has a “draft Lehman” movement been under way in New York State? Are there no other Democrats of guberna- torial caliber in New York? The demonstration staged by the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia for Governor Lehman when he arose to second the nomination of President Roosevelt was very loud. It had been carefully staged. It was in- tended for just one purpose, to persuade the New Yorker to enter the race again next Fall so as to hold in line many voters whom the Democrats fear might otherwise slide into the Republican ranks. The amusing thing about the affair in Philadelphia was that once the demonstration for Governor Lehman had concluded and he began to speak, the great crowd in the convention hall failed to listen to him. There was & constant undercurrent of noise, a buzz of conversation, that made it practically impossible to hear the Governor. Finally, after several attempts, the chairman was able to obtain more order in the hall and Governor Lehman concluded his address in comparative calm. The Democratic high command has {nsisted that Lehman permit himself to be nominated again for Governor. Leh- man first replied that Roosevelt would carry New York State next November on his. the President’s, own record of achievement; that he himself really de- sired to retire from public office. Gov- ernor Lehman may have convinced him- self that the Empire State will turn in for Roosevelt this year. He seems to be having a terrible time convincing the Democratic national ieaders, however. It is another fight to “conquer fear.” ——r———————— A marriage rumor that was mentioned to Buckingham Palace brought the com- ment, “Moonshine!” This may have re- ferred rather to cocktail gossip than to any romance allowed to linger around royal courtship. ——————— It must be admitted that the early hours of the recent convention revealed moments when Philadelphia was com- pelled to forget about brotherly love and the good neighbor principle. ———————_ Opinions differ as to taking the two- thirds rule out of a convention and ap- plying it to the United States Supreme Court. —_———.——— Two-Sided Problem. People’s Councel Willlam A. Roberts announced, at his hearing called to dis- cuss the street railway fare petition, that “I'm pro-public, and this is a one-sided meeting designed for the public.” The reference was made in connection with the remarks of one of the stockholders. That is doubtless the right attitude for the people’s counsel, who represents the public—or that portion of the public which rides the street cars. But the local transportation problem is distinctly not a one-sided proposition. It involves efficient service at cheap cost to the public. But it also involves a legitimate return to legitimate investors in the street car business. The only intelligent solution of the transportation problem must take both sides into consideration. Willlam McK. Clayton proposed that If the street car company cannot give the service to which the public is en- titled, “let them say so,” so that Con- gress may be asked to “give us the trans- portation system we need and deserve.” If the street car company cannot furnish adequate transportation, meet- ing the requirements of the public and at the same time make any money at the’ business, it is only a question of time and simple mathematics ~ THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, JULY 1, 1936. - . : THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. before it will go out of business. It will “say so” soon enough. But before the taxpayers jump into Government owner- ship and operation of the street car system, with themselves holding the bag, there must be a fair test of private ownership under the undoubted oppor- tunities for better service brought through the recent merger. The company's will- ingness and readiness to take advantage of such opportunities should go far toward influencing the public’s reception of its new demands. The public, right now, is suspicious and somewhat skep- tical. The street railway operators, old and new, have always shown more in- terest in getting than in giving. End of Limitations. June 29 is likely to go down in history as the date formally marking the end of naval limitations. On Monday Japan served notice of her refusal to adhere to the 1936 London treaty signed by Great Britain, the United States and France. The immediate result was the disclosure that the British will now in- voke the “escalator” clause of the 1930 pact. whereby any signatory power is at liberty to increase tonnage in specified categories upon notification to treaty partners that new construction by non- signatory powers has materially affected its national security. Britain's purpose In taking advantage of the so-called “escape” provision is to retain excess destroyers due to be scrapped this year, in light of the fact that non-signatories have built more than 200 submarines since 1930. The United States, which is committed to maintenance of parity with Britain, will benefit by the iatter's decision, because this country also has built beyond treaty limits in destroyer tonnage and will now not need to scrap excess construction. It is possible that Japan’s eventual invo- cation of the “escalator” clause may also result in upsetting the submarine restric- tions of the 1930 treaty. Yet another blow struck at the fast crumbling structure of naval limitation is the probability that the plan to re- strict battleship guns to a maximum of fourteen inches will also go into the discard. The recent “qualitative” tri- partite pact provides that unless Japan and Italy agree to smaller guns before April 1, 1937, sixteen-inch weapons will continue to be legal. Neither Tokio nor Rome has given any indication of will- ingness to adopt the lighter caliber. Washington authorities have notified Britain that the United States is willing to accede to the British increase in de- stroyer strength provided the London government assumes exclusive responsi- bility for invoking the “escalator” clause. This country thus maintains to the uttermost degree possible its consistent opposition to naval expansion and any- thing that leads to renewed building competition. The British desire to retain 40,000 tons of overbuilt destroyer tonnage conforms to the vast military and naval rearma- ment program upon which John Bull, as recently revealed by a government spokesman, is now working “night and day.” It is not only the situation in the Far East, aggravated anew by Japan's latest activities in China, but the re- vived peril of German naval power, that impels Great Britain to take full ad- vantage of treaty rights to keep her naval strength at the maximum per- missible level. Britain’s recent humiliat- ing experiences with Italy in the Medi- terranean inspire the London admiralty, too, to plug every possible loophole. All in all, current events provide anything but an encouraging outlook for further curbs on naval armaments, international conditions being what they are. Pt Robert L. Haycock. No appointment in the public school system could have been more satisfactory to teachers and parents than the eleva- tion to the position of first assistant superintendent of schools of Robert L. Haycock. As assistant superintendent in charge of elementary schools, Mr. Hay- cock has long enjoyed the affection and the respect of the school personnel. The teachers never had a better friend at court. In his dealings with them and with the thousands of parents who have had occasion to ask his advice and guidance he has been able to bring into his relations witn them the personal in- terest and sympathetic understanding of a lovable character. There is significance in the fact that Mr. Haycock retains, as first, or deputy, superintendent, his special jurisdiction over the elementary schools. In the past, the first assistant superintendent has been concerned with the senior and junior high schools, thus denoting their greater importance. The tendency among educators now is to place major impor- tance on the elementary grades as more deserving of emphasis than the higher grades. Certainly it is in the elemen- tary grades that the child is molded to the educational system, a more impor- tant process than the “polishing off” received in the high schools. Mr. Haycock’s continued supervision of the elementary schools is in line with this tendency. It is also good ,news to the teachers in the elementary schools, ‘who were doubtless fearful of losing him. Right and Wrong, When Pilate asked to be enlightened about the nature of truth he was not jesting. On the contrary, he asked his question seriously. Such is the judg- ment of Scripture commentators, his- torians and philosophers. It also is the opinion of all others who have made it a profession to study the human mind. The problem is uncounted centuries old, and perhaps additional ages yet to come will find the riddle still unread. But the race meanwhile is cultivating 2 better comprehension of whai is so- cially right and what is socially wrong. For example, no apologist nowadays presumes to defend dueling. Men have ceased to believe that they can settle their differences equitably on the so- called “field of henor.” Moreover, there is a growing convic- tion that nations should aveid appesl 2 to arms. Wl.\:. it seems, generally cre- ates greater difficulties than it ever cor- rects. Humanity resents the identifica- tion of the Deity with “the side of the big battalions.” Without embracing the nihilistic doctrine of non-resistance, millions of people have lost faith in military procedure for the successful affirmation of national rights. universal wish to discover a substitute for “mass murder.” And a similar desire for an improved code of ethics for the guidance of indi- viduals likewise is manifest. Multitudes earnestly strive to conduct themselves so as to merit the respect of their neighbors. Good manners, an unwritten law of tolerance and goodwill, are be- coming a more effective asset of civili- zation. The enhanced complexity of existence prompts an anxiety for peace in the domestic scene, in industry and commerce, in all the affairs of life, not merely harmony between governments. Nor is progress slow. The rise of dic- tators to power, experimentalism along revolutionary lines, class strife, bigotry, greed, partisanism, selfishness and vio- lence leave the masses largely unmoved. A basic social sanity prevails in spite of them. In other words, the conscience of the human species is awakening under the influence of its experience. Henry Ford sums up the trend when he says: “Many things that were thought in the past to be right we have found to be wrong. But—and remember this— none of the things believed to be thor- oughly wrong have we found to be right.” ——eon—s- In respecting “life, liberty and the pur- suit of happiness” there must, perhaps, be a measure of generous toleration for the type of citizen who cannot be happy unless he is promoting some kind of a fight. r———————— Duties devolving on a sergeant at arms in the United States Capitol have be- come so complex that even the most re- lentless economy ' critic could question | his status as one who undeniably earns his pay. — raee The extensive mathematics attending adjustment of expenditure to taxes justi- fies the comment of Justice Cardoza in a work entitled “Paradoxes of the Law” —“they do things better with loga- rithms.” ———e————— The honor in which the United States Supreme Court is held remains so great that it is still understood, as they say in radio circles, that the decision of the Jjudges shall be final. R Joe Louis, now rated as a prize fighter out of a job, has no need of unemploy- ment insurance. Whatever harsh eriti- | cism our social system may deserve, it is undeniably kind to pugilists. B A visit by the Secretary of Agriculture to inspect the drought brings no expec- tation that the tears of sympathy he may shed-can be sufficiently abundant to serve as an aid to irrigation. —— e Plans to “teach communism” in the public schools do not find much en- couragement from those who have tried to learn it from physical experience in Russia. —_——— Shooting Stars. BY Pmm“}'m". Appeal to V. P. The Voice of the People We dare not ignore, Like a bell in the steeple We heard it of yore. Our moods it should soften To gentle delight. We hear it too eften . Demanding a fight. Sometimes it is joking, Sometimes'it will rave, While softly is smoking An oracle’s cave. When fear fills a nation We turn with a sigh To the old incantation Of Vox Populi. Guidance. “You think youth should be active in politics.” b “Certainly,” said Senator Sorgum. “But the hope of the future is to keep the boys and girls pleasantly interested so that they will entrust themselves to the guidance of some wise and experi- enced old party like myself.” Hero. A hero worshiper I'd be— 1 met my hero at a tea. His voice was eloquent and soft. A cup he deftly poised aloft. Thowgh bombing planes came riding by His manner was serenely high. Olympian calm he seemed to show While mortals suffered down below. Delayed Transmission. “They are trying to talk to us from space!” said the radiostronomical re- porter. ' “Never mind,” answered the news editor. “Its probably from one of those old worlds whose light requires thou- sands of years to reach us. Anything they tried to tell us would only be old stuff.” “We invented printing,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “and then used an alphabet so complicated that learning and patience would be necessary for the practice of the art.” Monetary Problem. As taxes mount from day to day You toil and do your best to pay. The Government performs with ease And never says “Dear Sir!” or “Please!” I find with a decreasing joy Initials new I must employ U And say, as taxes still fall due, “Oh, could you use an I O U?” “A speech dat makes me stop .an’ think,” said Uncle Eben, “has its disad~ vantage in interferia’ wif my enthusiasm in de s caduiet, A ] It is & | NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM BY MARGARET GERMOND. OKLAHOMA IMPRINTS. By Carolyn Thomas Foreman. Published by the University of Oklahoma Press. In 1886, just half a century ago, the first linotype machine to be placed into practical use was installed in the compos- ing room of the New York Tribune. Newspapers, like other institutions and most individuals, oftentimes are reluc- tant to adopt radical changes of thought or method, and some of them were slow in recognizing the complicated invention of Ottmar Mergenthaler, which had been developed to perfection the previous year in Baltimore, as the agency through which the whole procedure of newspaper production was to be revolutionized. And back of Ottmar Mergenthaler’s work of genius is to be found the romance of the most ancient of the arts and crafts by which the human race has recorded its own history. Service to the people in this country by the printed word is almost as old as the first Colony, though for more than half a century after the importation of the first printing press the output was confined almost entirely to the Bible, religious tracts and hymns. And when in’' 1690 Benjamin Harris made the first attempt to employ ,the printed word as a medium of presenting news to the people. his paper promptly became the subject of legislative action and he was forbidden to publish another edition without submitting his material to cen- sorship by the Government. * ¥ *x x As the frontiers rolled westward and the territory comprising the Mississippi Valley was attracting the attention of the white man, the newspaper was becoming fairly well established in the East, and the print shop was being regarded as almost an essential of even remote American civilization. And by 1800, wherever the white man settled, a news- paper of some sort soon made its appear- ance. The Mississippi region was a far-off land a century and a quarter ago, when Oklahoma was a part of Missouri Territory and when Joseph Charless pub- lished the first issue of the Missouri Gazette on a sheet of foolscap paper. Oklahoma later became a part of the Territory of Arkansas, and now, through the division of the Territories and their eventual admission to Statehood, Okla- homa has the unique distinction of being one of the youngest of the States while at the same time possessing an old and fascinating history of printing and pub- lishing. “Oklahoma Imprints” is the handsome product of six years of study and re- search that began when Mrs. Foreman was working with old newspapers and documents in preparation for another phase of Oklahoma history. Impressed by the character and appearance of the early newspapers and by the importance of their influence upon the development of the Territory and the welfare of its people, she undertook the task of com- piling a book that has turned out to be a combined history and encyclopedia of newspapers and the printing craft in Oklahema, as well as a chronicle of the | native red man through the years of his transition under the dominion usurped by the white invaders. For more than fiftv vears before the opening of the Territory to white settlers missioriaries were publishing religious periodicals in tribal language, and the early newspapers of the white settlers were printed half and half. The appear- ance of the Cherokee Advocate, the first of these publications, half in Cherokee and half in English, created such an extraordinary interest that it was sought in exchange by the newspapers of Lon- don, Paris and New York. From 1808, when with crude type and a clumsy wooden press with a stone bed, the Mis- souri Gazette was published in St. Louis, to the linotype machine and the rotary press of today, the history of printing and publishing is set forth, with tabloid chronicles of each publication. * X Xk X Mrs. Foreman is particularly well equipped for the handling of & work of this sort, for she has lived in Oklahoma for more than thirty years and has been a diligent student of the American Indiar in his native heath. With her huspand, Grant Foreman, she has con- tributed history as well as written it for Oklahoma, and this book is one of two commemorating the Centennial of Print- ing and Publishing in Oklahoma, which was sponsored by the University of Okla- homa Press in October of last year. Although she has been a resident of Oklahoma for many years, Mrs. Foreman is closely related to the National Capital, and she and her husband are this week visiting in Washington on their way for another trip to the far corners of the earth. Mrs. Foreman is the daughter of the late John R. Thomas, who served a number of years in Congress as Repre- sentative from Illinois and was then ap- pointed a Federal judge in Indian Ter- ritory. It was in this city during the service of her father in the House of Representatives that she received the major part of her education. She is the sister of Col. John R. Thomas, jr., who was a member of the Rough Riders under Theodore Roosevelt and later served as military attache at the United States Embassies in London, Brussels and Paris. * x x % In the periods between the writing of histories, Mr. and Mrs. Foreman spend their time and their energies roaming the earth in search of material for more histories. Mrs. Foreman's next literary effort will be that of editing the Fus Fixico letters of Alex Posey, which she describes in this present book as having been copied from coast to coast as Posey wrote them during his editorship of the Indian Journal, & daily which was pub- lished for two years early in the present century at Eufaula. The letters are written in an English-Indian dialect and deal with the closing up of the affairs of the Creek nation. It sounds as though the task would be a heavy one, but con- sidering the stupendous amount of labor that has gone into “Oklahoma Imprints,” it would seem that Mrs. Foreman is equal to any unusual literary enterprise, ——e—s. Tuppenny Value. From the Macon Telegraph. Norman Thomas wants the country to know that he spent not so much as a penny for his nomination—although it was easily worth twice that. Common Sense. From the Grand Rapids Press. ‘What we can't understand is how that kind of sense ever came to be known as “common sense.” ————— Hunters. From the Indianapalis Star. The G-men are said to be looking for crooked politicians. Maybe they can’t see the forest for the trees. Movie *“Lines.” From the Saginaw News. According to a movie ‘cameraman, actresses “don’t forget their lines as often as do men.” Or—to judge by their gowns~-let any one else forget. Interchange of opinion among friends of wild birds is always on a high plane, free from subterfuge or pretense. One simply says what one sees, and lets it go at that, to the satisfaction of all con- cerned. ‘There is no time of the year one can- not see, hear and be interested in the many songsters which make life happler for all sensible persons. To this the fol- lowing letter testilies: “Bunker Hill Road. “Dear Sir: Your article about the wrens driving away the thrushes was very interesting. I observed an incident similar to the pair of sparrows driving away a pair of bluebirds. “Johnny and Jenny Wren had re- turned to the same wren house for the third season. A pair of sparrows wanted possession, although the opening wouldn't permit entrance. For several days one or the other of the sparrows sat on the perch of the wren house, denying the wrens admittance. “Pinally the sparrows must have re- alized that they couldn't squeeze through the wren house door, so gave up the fight. The wrens now make innumer- able trips with food for their always hungry babies. Soon I'll see several little heads with open mouths, and hear endless chatter. The wrens are so tame they hop on the porch while 1 am sitting out. They surely have a strong voice for their size. * K ok X “I like all the bird songs, the call of the cicadas, and even the croak of the frogs, especially the very first in the Spring. I have only been a suburbanite for four years, and I am in my glory, for I love nature study. “Can you recommend a good bird book? Some time ago I think you men- tioned one of which I failed to make note. I have a copy of Wood's ‘Natural History’ (like the late President Theo- dore Roosevelt had), but its ornithology section is not altogether satisfactory. “I regret to say that I do not know the thrush. How does the thrush differ from the thrasher? According to pic- tures in my book, they are thrushes, which people have told me are thrash- ers. “And is the oriole a small bird? Often I notice a small yellow bird with black wings and head eating seeds of our Ragged Robins. Do vou think it be- longs to the finch family? “I remember your listing some three dozen birds that one might see in his own garden. I mist find a guide book to help me make identification. I know about 12 or 15 families, but don't know the different members of each. “There is no scarcity of cardinals around here, and I just saw a different kind of woodpecker. The birds are al- ways having ‘splash’ parties in their bird bath in our ‘sanctuary.’ I wish I had saved all your articles for a scrap- book. I particularly enjoved those about the 17-year locusts. Never before had I the opportunity of seeing and studying them, and it was interesting to watch the birds catch them on the wing. Very truly yours, “D. M. C~ P A good book is needed by all persons interested in the wild birds. It may be read for pleasure, and consulted often in identification, when it will be found that the description of habits is often as im- portant as the colored illustrations. To know the size of a bird is often of utmost importance, too. Ornithologists give the complete length of the bird | from the tip of the tail to the end of the beak, as the bird is when dead and thus stretched out. The importance of knowing bird sizes lies exactly in the point of comparison. Thus, if you see two yellow and black birds, and know that the goldfinch is 4% to 5 inches long, and the Baltimore oriole is 8 to 7'z inches, you won't have much trouble telling them apart. The habit of the goldfinch in eating seeds off dandelion heads and the like is very indicative. If you are puzzled as to whether a brown bird is a thrasher or a wood thrush, much of the puzzle vanishes if you know that the thrasher is between 10 and 12 inches in length, whereas the wood thrush is smaller, usually between 7' and 8'%2 inches. The thrush has a great many more spots on his breast, and hasn't either the long tail or long bill of the thrasher. The latter belongs to the family which includes the cat- bird and mockingbird, those supreme mockers. The thrasher is no musician at all, when compared with the wood thrush, whose delightful song is its surest identification. PR We believe that there are many more than three dozen birds to be seen or heard, or both, in most suburban gar- dens. The big thing is to have both the time and patience to spot them. Our belief is that a great many more birds are present than we ever realize. Many of them are migrants that stay but a few days, or maybe a few hours. Of some only their song would make them known. Of others, only a flash of color through the trees. No doubt scores of members of the sparrow family visit all outlying com- munities, especially those near Rock Creek Park, but are unknown to most bird watchers, who simply lump them off as “sparrows,” by which they mean English sparrows. Habits as well as sizes and colors help identify birds. That is where a good book comes in, or several of them. The more the better. Three good ones are “Bird Portraits in Color,” published by the University of Minnesota; irds of America.” Gar- den City Publishing Co, and “Hand- book of Birds of Eastern North Amer- jca,” by Dr. Prank M. Chapman. There are three editions of the first. One is in two volumes, almost out of print, and quite expensive. The second is in one volume, and contains both text color plates. The price is reasonable loose-leaf collection of the plates in binder form, which makes a beautiful | bird picture book. It lacks the descrip- tive matter which is so important. Dr. Chapman’s book has been standard for many years. * % ¥ % The housewife, especiallv, has many opportunities in her busy day to watch the birds. While she is washinz the dishes is an excellent time. She is yard. 1If there are trees close by she really has a grandstand seat at Nature's bird show. If she reads a little about birds and becomes interested in them, she will find that dishwashing becomes, | onous. boresome task. Never take bird books into the garden. as there 1s a chance of soiling them, and | sunlight is not good for the colored | plates. Most people do not know that these colored pictures are | faded by strong light, even indoors. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Many Republican authorities believe President Roosevelt's speech of accept- ance not only defined the 1936 issue with crystal clearness—the New Deal desire to create highly centralized Fed- eral power—but has given the G. O. P. an issue on which it can win. Advance indications are that there will be plenty of Republican talk about “fascism” and the Democrats’ purpose to convert the American form of government into a “totalitarian” regime on European models. This, at any rate, is the early opposition interpretation placed upon the Philadelphia pronouncement. It seems to foreshadow that the Landon attack will be largely formulated on such lines. Republicans read into Mr. Roosevelt’s speech and into the Demo- cratic platform an avowed New Deal determination sooner or later to move for constitutional amendment. That's a challenge which the elephant appears not only willing but eager to take up. If post-convention talk is any criterion, Gov. Landon's speech of acceptance will signal a militant readiness to fight it out with F. D. R. on the basis of the “economic royalty” call to battle. * ok ok * Even the bitterest New Deal opponents pay tribute to Mr. Roosevelt's powers of silver-tongued rhetoric, as he dis- played them at Franklin Field. Passages like “The constant omissions of a gov- ernment frozen in the ice of its own indifference,” and “This generation of Americans has a rendezvous with des- tiny,” are going to take their place in American political literature, besides be- coming big Democratic talking points in the 1936 campaign. Nearly everybody agrees that Philadelphia found the Presi- dent at the top of his oratorical form. More orchids than usual are coming his way because cf the common understand- ing that the speech was exclusively a personal product. * ok ok X At the height of the Democratic Na- tional Convention uproar New York betting odds were only 6 to 5 on Roose- velt and were usually coupled with the prediction that July will see even money. Early odds in a national campaign sel- dom reflect those destined to prevail in late Sgptember or October. The record discloses that quotations toward the tail end of the contest are almost invariably reliable barometers of the result. As the campaign tapers to a finish, political bookmakers pay little attention to the “claim everything” talk of rival party managers and fix betting odds exclusively on the basis of the best ascertainable impartial information. Gov. Lehman’s decision to run again strengthens Mr. Roosevelt’s prospects of carrying New York State and will tip the betting odds in his faver. PR One of Washington’s most interesting visitors is Hannen Swaffer, successor of the late Conan Doyle as honorary presi- dent of the British National Spiritualist Union and political editor of the London Daily Herald, British Labor party organ. Mr. Swaffer heads a group of more than 500 organized Spiritualist churches. He finds the cult on the march in the United States, but thinks it is dis- tinguished by a certain “commercialism,” as ’e:-;nd to Great Britain, where it ia purely & zaligion. The Lendoper seys \ the Labor party is destined “to save the British Empire.” Through domination of the County Council, it now rules Lon- don, and Swaffer predicts that some general election in the not distant future will return the Laborites to Downing street for another lease of national power. Reconteur, dramatic critic and orator, Swaffer has long been one of the most colorful figures in Fleet street. Lon- | don's famed newspaper row. For many years one of the late Lord Northcliffe’s editors, he says he's in regular contact | with his departed chief through the medium of spiritualism. * ok ok ok While some politicians reckon that a certain “gratitude vote” in drought- stricken Western States may accrue to the administration as a result of relief activities, many authorities think any benefits of that sort would be more than offset by a steel strike. The turmoil and bitterness inseparable from a great labor upheaval are political poison in an im- portant election year. New Dealers are hopeful that if a steel conflict cannot be averted, it can at least be kept within reasonable bounds. Rooseveltians, of course, are particularly anxious to escape industrial conditions that would mar the “happy days” picture as No- vember 3 approaches. * X X K E. Ross Bartley, former Capital news- of Gov. Landon’s personal press rela- tions, can supply the G. O. P. nominee with plenty of inside stuff on executive life at Washington. Bartley “covered” the White House for the Associated Press during the Harding administration and in early Coolidge days. In 1925 he be- came private secretary to Vice President Dawes. From 1931 to 1933 he was pub- licity director of the Chicago Century of Progress Exposition. No one knows the ins and outs of the political game better than the Hoosier now at Gov. Landon’s elbow or has a wider acquaint- ance throughout the journalistic craft and among public men. * * Xk X ‘When Senator Carter Glass’ home town of Lynchburg., Va., celebrates its 150th anniversary in October, one of the fea- tures will be a special issue of 20,000 half-dollar pieces struck off by the Treas- ury in honor of the occasion and bearing a likeness of the Virginia editor-states- man. The Old Dominion’s favorite son has been identified with Lynchburg since birth. He was educated in its public and private schools, and successively repre- sented the community in the Virginia Senate, the State Constitutional Conven- tion and House of Representatives, before entering the cabinet and the Senate. For years Glass has owned the city’s only newspapers, the morning Daily News and the evening Daily Advance. * x b % If George H. Moses defeats Senator Keyes and Gov. Bridges in the New Hampshire Republican senatorial pri- mary, his friends predict he’ll make a strong bid for election, no matter who his Democratic opponent may be. The veteran irreconcilable succumbed to Sen- ator Brown, Democrat, in 1932 by only 2.117 votes in a total poll of 195,000-odd, though Hoover carried the State. Moses still rates as a vote-getter. Republicans believe there’s enough of an anti-New Deal tide flowing in the Granite State this year to give Moses more than a fighting chance to return to the scene he so long adorned on Capitol Hill, if Coporisht. 10862 by Dr. Thomas Saidler Roberts and 92 | for such a fine work. The third is a | facing the window, looking out into the | if not a pleasure, at least not a monot- | quickly | paper man, who has just taken charge | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. How is a standard base bal e 1l made? A. The standard base ball has a cork center about the size of a marble. This center is made from cork aged for 15 years. Surrounding this core is a quare ter-inch layer of rubber of an especially resilient quality. At this stage of manu- facture the base ball is about the size of an English walnut. The next step is the winding in coarse woolen yarn. This is done by machinery. Next the ball is put in a machine which winds it with a finer grade woolen yarn. A third dnd finer strand then is woven about the ball, gradually building up the sphere. Finally a thin layer of cotton yarn is wound about it. Q. When will the new highway in Mexico be completed from Mexico City to the southern horder?—J. J. M. A. President Lazaro Cardenas hopes before the end of his term five years hence to see the completion of the entire Mexican stretch of the Pan-American Highway from Laredo to the Guatemalan border, Q. What proportion of the population of this country has high school and col- lege education?—B. M. A. Out of every group of 1,000 persons 25 years of age and older 25 will be college graduates and 109 high school graduates. Q. Could the ten billion dollars in gold f in the Treasury be used or is it frozen? —S. B. A. The gold is owned by the United States and is at the disposal of Con- gress. Congress can devote to any us it sees fit any money, in any form, “not otherwise appropriated.” The gold is frozen, but it is frozen in the hands of Congress and the President. Congres: | can repeal the legislation which produceri the present situation or turn the legisla- tion in a different direction. It can re- peal the delegation of powers to the President, Q. How does Joe Louis' weight and height compare with that of Paul Robe- son, the Negro actor?’—M. B. A. The fighter is 6 feet 11, inches tall and weighs 216 pounds. The actor is 6 feet 2!z inches tall and weighs 215 pounds. Q. Should a person drive an automo- bile as fast at night as in the day- time?—B. R. A. One should drive slower. There is | no substitute for daylight when it comes to visibility. Q. How many Communists are there in the United States?—S. B. W. A. Earl Brcwder, general secretary of the Communist party in the United States, reported on August 5, 1833, that the membership of the party was about 30,000, Q. Did the earlv Mormons manufac- ture beet sugar?—E. K A. Cut off from the States and har- assed by Indians, the Mormons under- took the production of their own sugar. Beet sugar machinery was purchased in Liverpool, shipped to New Orleans, then up the river. Fifty-two ox teams in 1852 finally tugged the ,equipment from Leavenworth to Utah and 500 bushels of beet seed arrived. This was the incep- tion of the beet sugar industry of Utah. Q. What is the degree D. O. which was awarded to James Michael Curley? —F. L. A. The honorary degree awarded to the Governor of Massachusetts is doctor of oratory. Q. How many business failures were there last year in comparison to 1932? —R. L. F. A. In 1935 there were 11879 failures | while in 1932 the all-time peak was 31.822. Q. What is the name of Maj. Bowes’ estate at Ossining, N. Y.>—E. R. A. Dream Lake is the name of his country home. Q. In which of Richard Harding Davis' novels is there a character based on the late John Hays Hammond, sr.? —F. M. H. A. The character of Clay in “Soldiers of Fortune” is said to be patterned after the life of Mr. Hammond. Q. What is the highest town in Texas? —G. R. A. Fort Davis. It has an elevation of 5000 feet. It is in the heart of the Davis Mountains. Q. Please give some facts about Betsy Ross House.—J. M. A. The house is located at 239 Arch street, Philadelphia. It is an ancient two-and-a-half-story brick structure commonly reputed to have been. the place where the first American flag was made. The building was purchased by popular subscription some years ago and is owned and maintained by the Amer- ican Flag House and Betsy Ross Me- morial Association. Q. How many cities did Stokowski visit on his concert tour?—E. 8. A. In five weeks Mr. Stokowski and his band of over 100 symphonists played 36 concerts in cities from coast to coast. The musicians traveled in a special train over a distance of 11,000 miles. Q. How many parks are there in Washington, D. C.?>—F. C. A. Washington has 668 parks. Q. Are there more flies in the world than any other insect?—J. W. A. Ants predominate in number over any other living creatures. A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton In Gear. Love is a harness of flowers, Fairest that grow. In it we're driven thru bowers ‘Where lilies blow, Out into roads that are winding, Often thru storms that are blinding; Yei let us keep the leash binding, Come weal or woe. Buckled in Love's fragrant tether, Fragile, yet strong, Flower-bound, in team together et straight, no balking word spoke: Knowing the reins mll;‘ be brokell)tok 2 And leave but petals for token In the light thong. } V