Evening Star Newspaper, November 18, 1935, Page 9

- IMPORTANT FAGTS OF NEW TREATY State Department State- ment Summarizing Ca- nadian Pact. (Contin rd_‘h;or{l_»mgh{hilfige ?_ imports from Canada will be feeder cattle, The limits set for the quantities of eream and certified seed potatoes which may enter at reduced duties are also such as to safeguard Ameri- can producers of these commodities against injury from increase in im- ports. The reduction on certified seed potatoes is exclusively for the benefit of American farmers who grow pota- toes. No reduction on potatoes for consumption has been made by that agreement. Non-Agricultural Products. Canadian tariffi concessions on American non-agriculiural commod- ities: The advantage obtained for our factory and other non-agricultur industries through the trade agree- ment with Canada are of great mag- nitude. They should mean fuller and more vrofitable employment for many industrial plants and for many tens of thousands of American wage earners, Much of the greater part of Cana- da’s imports from the United States consist of menufactured goods, nearly all of which are subject to du Schedule 1 of the agreement specifies reductions in duty, which cannot be increased for the duration of the agreement, covering a wide range of manufactured articles. The value of the imports into Canada of American industrial products named in schedule 1 was about $145.000,000 during the fiscal year 1929-30. * * * Machinery Provisions. Machinery represents the group of non-agricultural products benefiting from the reductions in duty specifically red to the United States by this agreement. In the case of agricultural machinery and im- plements, the concessions accorded involved a trade which, in the fiscal year 1929-30. amounted to a total of over $14.000.000. such farm equipment duty has been reduced by half, or from 25 per cent to 12': per cent advalorem. All tractors. for whatever purpose, Wwill now enter free; some types have hitherto paid a duty of 25:percent, * = * Iron and Steel Manufactures. largest the Canadian plier, were valued in 1929 at about $342,000,000. Of this total $252,000,- €00, or nearly three-fourths, consisted of commodities free of duty under present laws, Apart from those classes of wood pulp which were already bound on the free list by the trad> agreement with Sweden (value $16,485,000 in 1929), the agreement with Canada binds the | continued free entry of goods making up abeut $221,000,000. The biggest items bound on the free list are news- pape: print, vood pulp (mechanical, soda and bleached sulphite) and pulp- woods. Including wood pulp of the kinds already bound on the free| list by the Swedish agreement, our imports of these three articles from | Canada in 1929 were valued at no less | than $184,000.000. The justification for assuring to Canada ihat these | three commodities will continue to enter without duty during the life of the present agreement lies chiefly in the fact that this country is at present unable to supply anything like | its total requirements of paper ani | paper-making materials, and the fact | that in normal times the cut of wood | from our forests, for paper, lumber, and all other purposes combined, | greatly exceeds the annual growth, | with resultant steady depletion of our | timber stands. Paper Imports Large. For more than 10 years past the | imports of paper materials and paper | | have been more than half of the | total paper consumption in the United | | States. Any sudden and marked re- ‘ducnon in imports of these com- | modities would greatly derange the | paper manufacturing and paper using | industries of this country. Adequate advance notice of any intention w0 change our long-standing policy re- garding imports of these products should be given in the interest of American business. Moreover, any change in policy would scarcely be justified without assurance of a closer future balance between wood-con- | sumption and annual forest growth, | involving a far-reaching program of | reforestation and forest management. | It may be noted further that to levy |a duty on one of these three major | commodities, without also placing| On most classes of | On the extremely diversified Cana- | dian tariff item of miscellaneous manu- factures of iron and steel the duty has been reduced from 35 to 25 per cent. The trade in this category during 1929-1930 amounted to $20,500.000. Electro-plated ware (trade $2.600.000) obtains a reduction of its present 435 per cent duty to 30 per cent. Other reductions on metal products affect pipe fittings, enameled hollow-ware, manufactures of tin plate, cooking and heating apparatus, wire fencing and netting. various types of wire and cer- tain zinc products. Dressed lumber, including flooring, will enjoy a reduction from 25 to 20 per cent in the rate of duty, and con- tinued free entry of rough lumber and Jumoer dressed on one side is bound during the life of the agreement, The imports of rough and dressed lumber | from the United States during 1929- 1930 were valued at $11,100,000. The Canadian tariff items covering Ameri- can manufactures of wood not else- where provided for, with trade value of $3.600,000 hitherto subject to a duty of 25 per cent, will now pay 20 per cent ad valorem. Miscellaneous magufactures of pa- per, the imports of which from the United States during 1929-1930 amounted to $3,100,000, secure a re- duction in duty from 35 to 30 per cent ad valorem. The tariff item covering types of paper not elsewhere provided for with a trade value of over $2,000.- 000, will pay 30 instead of 35 per cent. Concessions have also been assured on other specific types of paper. * * ¢ Other Reductlons. Duty reductions on non-agricultural products under general provisions: Space does not permit even the men- tion of most of the many and diversi- fied industrial products which, al- though not listed in schedule 1, will enjoy reductions in duty as the result of the extension to the United States of most-favored-foreign-nation treat- ment. Among the outstanding classes benefiting from concessions of this form, the following may be mentioned; the approximate amounts by which the rates of duty are reduced are indicated in parentheses, in terms of fractions: Motor vehicles and parts (with ma- terial redyctions of varying amounts); aircraft (1/6 off); railway cars and parts (1/12). Cotton fabrics (1/7 to 1/6 off); eotton clothing and other manufac- tures (1/7): wool clothing and other manufactures (1/7): rayon fabrics and other products (1,7 to 1/5); silk fab- rics and clothing (1/7 or more); hosiery and knit goods of various kinds (about 1/8). Dressed furs (1/10 off): certain kinds of leather (1/10 to 1/4); boots and shoes (1/8). Various chemicals and medicinal preparations (1,10 to 1/5 off; gaso- line and lubricating oils and greases (1/10 to 1/8). Fireboard containers (1/6 off); wall- board and roofing (2/7); furniture of all kinds, wood and metal (2/5). Glass tableware and other manufac- tures of glass (1/12 to 1/5 off); silver and plated ware (1/5); jewelry (1/6); musical instruments (1/6). Diversified types of electrical appa- ratus (1/6 off); manufactures of cop- per and brass (1/6); engines and boil- ers (1,6), and the diversified range of iron and steel rolling mill products (112 to 1'5). Printed advertising matter (1.6 or more off), and the large basket item of the Canadian tariff covering all unclassified products (1/10). Free List Items Bound. Concessions made by the United States on non-agricultural commodi- ties: In terms of value of trade affected, the major concessions made by the United States to Canada on non- agricultural products consists of the binding of free list items. Most of the free articles which we import from Canads are non-agricultural, and such free items make up far the greater part of our imports from Canada out- side of farm products. The aggregate imports of non- agricultural products from that coun- try in 1929 amounted to $421,000,000. Included in this total, however, were | important non-commercial itews, such A5 American many articles of which Canada is not the chief source of imports—erud and refined copper, for example. Ex- cluding these. the imports of com- mercial non-farm products of which Canada is the principal foreign sup- [A} goods returned, and | hauled freight over the THE EVENING duties on the other two, w unreasonable and unfair. * Other important free-list items which are bound by the agreement include: (a) agricultural implements, the free entry of which has long been American public policy; (b) certain commodities which are not produced in the United States or are produced only in insignificant quantities, such as crude asbestos, nickel ore, matte and oxide; cobalt ore and metal; crude artificial abrasives; calcium cyanamid and sodium cyanide; (c) crude gyp- sum, sulphuric acid and four kinds of undressed furs; and (d) most of those fishery products which are free of duty, the most important being lob- ould b2 »in | sters, scallops, sea herring and smelts, none of which have American fisher- | men been &ble in recent years to sup- ply the demand of our markets. Lumber Duty Lowered. The most important non-agricul- tural commodity on which the duty | has been lowered is lumber (including timber). The imports of lumber from Canada in 1929 were more than $37,- 000,000 in value. prior to 1930. In that year a duty of $1 per 1,000 board feet was imposed on lumber of the major softwood spe- cies, and by the revenue act of 1932 a tax of $3 was imposed on all lum- ber, additional to the duty. As a re- | sult of this action and of the reduced demand for lumber during the depres- sion, imports of Douglas fir nearly ceased, though considerable quantities of other softwood lumber continued to enter The agreement reduces the com- bined duty and tax by 50 per cent. In the case of Douglas fir and Western hemlock the domestic industry is safe- guarded by limiting the quantity, which may enter at the reduced rate, to 250,000,000 board feet. This quan- tity, it should be well noted, is equal to about 5 per cent of our consumption of those species during the last few vears and, of course, an even smaller percentage of the combined domestic consumption of Douglas fir, Western fiemlock and yellow pine, the three species most affected by the compe- tition of the Canadian Douglas fir. The imports of spruce and white pine from Canada supplement inadequate domestic supplies of these species. Concessions have been made to FORD V-8 Trucks and Commercial Cars have traveled BILLIONS OF MILES saving money for hundreds of thou- sands of owners and serving them well. They have highways . « « crops out of plowed fields . . . petroleum from wells to refineries to new pastures . . . hogs quarries . . . concrete to t to building sites. They millions of homes. The cost records of o charges are low because o formance permits doing more or bigger trucks. Commercial Cars have FUTURE. You can expect even greater economy . even more sensational pe « « . logs over corduroy roads. They have moved cattle to the feeding pens . . . coal from mines to yards. They have carried rock out of he pouring forms . . . bricks have delivered milk, bread, clothing, laundry, groceries, meats and beverages to wners PROVE V-8 ECONOMY. These records show over-all economy as well as sav- ings in fuel and oil costs. ‘Interest and depreciation f low first cost. Maintenance expense is low, because of V-8 Reliability and because of Ford’s low-cost engine and parts exchange privileges. Insurance, taxes and wages are less, because V-8 Per- jobs that formerly required PROVED BY THE PAST . . . Ford V-8 Trucks and been IMPROVED FOR THE rformance ., . . even more impressive reliability from these 1936 Ford V-8 Trucks TRUCKS AND THE Lumber entered free | COMMER STAR, WASHINGTON, Canada with respect to certain duti- able fish items: Because of the already severe competition of imports of cod, haddock and related species with the catch of our New England fisheries, no duty reductions have been made on these fish. In the case of most species on which the rates have been lowered, the imports either are small in com- parison with domestic production or are supplementary to the domestic catch, * ¢ ¢ Mineral Products. Turning to mineral products the agreement provides for lower rates | of duty in firebrick, limestone not| | suitable for building, lime and crude | feldspar, all of these being commodi- ties of which the imports have hith- | | erto been small in comparison with the domestic production. The reduced rate on the lower grades of ground talc, and the small cut in the duty on certain dead-burned refractory ma- terial relate to commodities the im- ports of which are supplementary to domestic supplies. Furthermore, re- ductions in duty have besn made on | ferromanganese and ferrosilicon and | on the minor products ferrotitanium, | ferrovanadium, and ferrouranium. Reductions in duty have been made with respect to about 15 manufactured products. The most important of If you have a cold or cou | period Canadian distillers were D. C., MONDAY, these are patent leather, harness leather, acetic acid, and whisky. Prior to 1930 most leather was free of duty. The rates imposed in that year are partly compensatory for the duty im- posed at the same time on cattle hides and calfskins. The reduced rates on patent leather and harness leather leave an element of protection for the domestic tanneries in excess of the amount necessary to compensate for the duty on hides and skins. The United States has always exported far more patent leather than it has im- ported. During the period of prohibition in the United States large quantities of whisky of American type (rye and bourbon) were manufactured in Can- ada. With the end of the prohibition left with great stocks of American type | whisky for which Cenada itself af- | forded only a small market. ‘The shortage of properly aged whisky in the United States since the repeal of the prohibition amendment has created a demand for this Canadian supply. The 50 per cent reduction in | the heretofore high duty of $5 per gallon applies also to Scotch, Irish, and all other whisky aged four years or more in wood. MOST COLDS ARE CONTAGIOUS gh due to a cold, combat the | cause as quickly as possible—take steps to overcome the | cold-infection. Father John's Medicine h increasing your resistance Vitamin A, and helps to keep elps you to get rid of colds by to infection. It is rich in the mucous membrane lining the breathing passages in better condition to resist head colds and coughs due to cold It has been time tested in institutions and thousands of homes for 80 year: FOR STRENGTH AFTER ILLNESS i and Commercial Cars. And ATHER OHN'S MEDICINE your expectations will be fulfilled! Call your Ford dealer today and set a date for an “on-the-job” test with your own loads, over your —-_— — own roads, with your own dri awn Jour own ivers PRICES TRUCKS 131%e-inch Panel .... 131%-inch Dump Chassis ........ 131%%-inch Dump Chas: with Closed Cab ... 1 Closed Cab ....... 157-inch Platform. 157-inch Stake ,,. 1936 . COMMERCIAL CARS 112-inch Drive-away Chassis +eveeees...$360 112-inch Closed Cab and Chassis 112-inch Pick-Up .... 112-inch Panel Delivery 112-inch De Luxe Panel Delivery 112-inch Sedan Delivery 112-inch Station Wagon 450 480 565 580 590 670 All prices §. o. b. Detroit. Convenient economical terms through facilities of UCC. 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