Evening Star Newspaper, October 11, 1935, Page 3

HULL EMPHASIZES WAR TRADE RISKS Apparently Seeks to Dis- " courage Business With Italy and Ethiopia. By the Associated Press. From a carefully-phrased statement made by Secretary of State Hull, diplo- matic observers today drew the con- clusion that the State Department seeks to discourage trade with Italy and Ethiopia. While not saying in so many words that this country aims to do what it can to bring the fighting to a swift close, Secretary Hull expressed the be- lef that the sooner the war is over the better it will be for world busi- ness. He pictured stable international eonditions as “by far the most profit- able objective for our people to vis- ualize, in contrast with such risky and temporary trade as they might maintain with belligerent nations.” Viewed As “Sanction.” Hull's' comment on the American neutmality policy, which some quarters abroad have interpreted as a sort of “sanction,” was made as the League of Nations moved toward enforcement of econamigc sanctions against Italy. Since the President proclaimed the American neutrality moves some days ago, a dispute has been in progress. Besides embargoing arms shipments to the belligerents, and warning Ameri- cans against traveling on Italian or HEthiopian ships, the President told them that any transactions they con- ducted with the belligerents would be at their own risk. The controversy cenfered on the latter point. One side held that the administration aimed actively to dis- couggge all trade with the warring countries. Another side believed that the President intended that business should go on as usual, but that if citizens engaging in trade should come to grief the United States would not be drawn into the trouble. No Legal Prohibition. In response to reporters’ questions, Hull said yesterday that “technically, of course, there is no legal prohibi- tion—apart from the prociamation governing the export of arms—against our people entering into transactions with the belligerents, or either of them.” After declaring the President’s warnings were “based upon the policy and purpose of keeping this country out of war,” Hull said “It certainly was not intended to encourage transactions with the bel-| ligerents.” A State Department development yesterday was receipt of word from the Italian government that its African military forces have been informed regarding American citizens in war- harassed Addis Ababa. The information forwarded showed the location of American interests in Fthiopia's capital and made known that | all dtizens had been advised to fly or | paint the American flag on occupied buildings. The intent was protection | against possible aerial bombardment. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, —— OIL ON LAKE IS CLUE TO GRAVE OF AIRPLANE Two Flyers Washed Ashore on| Island—Third May Be Still in Craft. By the Associated Press. SALT LAKE CITY, October 11.—A spot of oil on the brine of Great Salt Lake provided a clue today to the last resting place of a twin-motored air liner lost Sunday with its crew of three. The body of Co-pilot G. A. Lenz was believed still in the ship. Searchers started at dawn to drag the lake battom where the oil floated. The bodies of R. S. Allen, pilot of the ship, and George O. Anderson, mechanic, floated ashore on Stansbury | Island and were taken to Tooele, Utah, | to await funeral arrangements. Anderson’s nude body and the find- ing of clothing on the beach led to belief the ship made a forced landmg‘ and the flyers tried futilely to swim | to shore. Selassie - (Continued From First Page.) of Nations today that Ethiopia would never cgpitulate to Italy’s armed forces—a declaration intended to end rumors that Ethiopia might make peace. The King of Kings insisted that he would not put a premium on aggres- sion by agreeing to a peaceful settle- ment of the conflict on the basis that Premier Mussolini retain Ethiopian territory occupied by his troops. Diplomats regarded the note as evidence of a determination by the | Emperor to continue war rather than | accept humiliating terms involving | loss of valuable territory. The Emperor also announced his ratification of the Geneva protocol of 1925, prohibiting use of poison gas and bacteria in warfare. Some reports said Emperor Hejle Belassie had decided not to leave Addis Ababa at present, but to con- tinue directing operations on the va- rious fronts from the capital, assisted by his Ethiopian and foreign military advisers. SPECIAL NOTICES. ¥ WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY debts wmnued by any one other than myself. HARRY CARTER. 817 F st. f0AD OR PART LOAD WANTED TO P PHl’L- Idllnhll. Ocl. 13 !n 14. SOUTHEAST O Pione Dz.t‘-!ur 2500. T "JW!;!N k” NBI;I"A'RMXF.) e “Pocomoke” salt-water oys- .m‘mlu tin Daley. 11th St. Wharves.® R ien. Feporss. LIT: P SERVICE. 605 3 it Bow. Phgne Dlairics G475, RSTORA chm ? No. 38"1% gerial N ?fi\geizsn by nuhne auction. at.| ams A. 0 H st pw. Sat. ‘flxi}tn e SPECIAL RETURN-LOAD RATES ON FULL and part loads to nupoum 'n.m.n 1000 padded guaranteed raul llo Ph ll tlonll 1400. sl moving also. Fhome Nat N. rm BUTLER WILL S -unon for repairs Chevrolet To33 truck. uml No. m‘fiiou e e hah st 13 oo, ot ‘;mfl:n" o }.o'luletlobflu.r 1227 Bost nw. 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Then, with bleeding feet and somewhat crippled he will come back into the fold of the society of nations, a castigated dictator, full of good in- tentions. =% %% For the time being these sanctiqns | cannot bother Il Duce more than & flee bite bothers an elephant. The high seas may eventually be closed to Italy’s commerce with the outside world, but the inland roads will re- main open to him. His neighbors, Austria, Germany, Yugoslavia and the other Danubian |% states are more concerned with the possibility of selling their produce than with the sanctions of the League. And while most of them have voted for sanctions there is more than ene way for the respec- tive governments to facilitate a little bit of smuggling—especially now that Austria and Hungary are keeping the door wide open for Italy. During the World War there were very severe and real penalties against those who were “trading with the enemy.” Despite these, all commer- cial intercourse between the warring nations had never ceased. And that was at a time when all nations were fighting for life and death. * kX If diplomacy were to follow a strictly logical course the sanctions voted at Geneva should become in the course of the next weeks a biock- ade. And from a blockade to war there is only one very short step. Hopes Mussolini Thoroughly Repentant After Measures Against Him in Ethiopian Crisis. Sanctions, by definition, are “specific penalties to enforce ce to laws.” Hence sanctions will mean nothing if penalties are not imposed on the offender and they will mean a war if penalties are imposed on Mussolini., Il Duce has told the French Am- bassador in Rome, the shrewd Count 1’0 ll Charles de Chambrun, that as long as the League confines its activities to imposing financial and economic 4 | embargoes on Italy, without, however, enforcing them by a blockade of the Italian coasts, he will take no offense. But he hes equally told both the British and the Prench Ambassadors that if the British navy were to act as the policeman of the Mediterranean and interfere in any way with the Will Back Come flying the Italian flag wil be answered with a broadside from the Italian war- | ship. * % ok X Despite the obvious desire of the British government to make the authority of the League of Nations respected, the Italian people consider that Great Britain is acting exclusively from selfish motives. There is no doubt that the British | “strong” attitude is due to the con- cern of the British people that the Italians might eventually desire to| expand their gmpire to Egypt and | the Sudan, * %k kX This opinion of the British is noc} entirely without a foundation. Last July some Fascist hotheads, drunk with anticipated victory, actu- ally started plotting with the Egyp- tians against Great Britain. Wether they had Mussolini’s blessings or not is a matter which is difficult to find out. It's just one of those things which nobody knows positively. The fact is that some of the Egyp- tian cabinet ministers, longing for a little excitement and intrigue, lent a willing ear to the Fascist sirens. Nothing can be kept secret in the East, and no sooner had this illicit love started, than the British secret service men knew all about it. The London government did mot bother about the Egyptians. The British colonial administrators are too wise to act on hearsay. But the cab- inet thought that this piece of im- portant information tallied with other rumors which had reached them from other sources. The passive attitude of the British government was changed and instead of having Britain as a more or less indifferent spectator at the theft of Ethiopia, Mussolini found himself confronted with a Great Britain which was decided to go to almost any length to defend her pro- prietary rights in Africa. It was in vain that Mussolini gave FUEL OIL SERVICE For thirty-two years has been known for its all kinds of reassurances to the Brit- ish government. The germ of sus- | picion had entered into the minds of the British rulers and Britain mobi- | lized the forces of the dying League of Nations to make “an example” of Italy’s aggression. Thus Italy’s colonial escapade be- came a first-class international affair, | | bringing two nations which had been on friendly terms for scores of years in a direct clash. * % %X % While Geneva is engaged in apply- | ing sanctions, Europe is trembling lest another general war break out in the | Araia, with his men, came over 10| oninct Jtaly took an unexpectedly course of the next year. Simultaneously with military prep- arations, there are some new alliances | being formed at the present moment. A party composed of the Hungarian | Prime Minister, Gen. Gombos, and | the Polish Ambassador to Germany, Lipsky, visited Hitler's first lieutenant, Gen. Hermann Goering, at the latter's shooting lodge. In the days before 1914, there was a tradition that all| the important political alliances | should originate in the shooting lodges of emperors and kings. When the principles of such alliances were established, foreign secretaries were intrusted with the drafting of the formal treaty. Kings and emperors have disap- peared in Germany, Hungary and Austria. But the shooting lodges continue to have the same importance. French diplomats who watch the activities of Germany with a much keener eye than they watch the ac- tivities of Italy in Africa, are worried lest this last meeting should prove to be a shooting party in which France might be the game. Ethiopia (Continued From First Page.) Gugsa, chief of a vast Eastern Tigre region, who brought with him several thousand followers, the announcement said, and the second was Degiac Kassa Araia, who also brought with him his forces. Munitions Reported Captured. ‘These surrenders were said to be “of great importance” as showing that Ethiopians along the Eritrean frontier did not wish to fight against the Italians. During the first four days of fight- ing, since which the Italian Army has been digging in, the communique said, Italians captured one cannon, one machine gun, 134 rifles and 30 cases of ammunition. The text of the communique fol- lows: “Yesterday, October 10, a detach- ment of Italian native infantry and cavalry cleaned out the territory im- mediately forward of the lines, dis- QILoMAT 011 BURNFRS 10 the Blick Coal Company quality products and its exceptional service to the fine homes of Washington. The effect of this long experience is reflected in our careful and efficient fuel oil service. BLICK COAL CO. Established 1903 2363 Champlain St. Columbia 6300 D. ©C, | | ’perslng various group of Ethioplans, while behind the lines there was con- tinuance of organization of communi- cations, road building, water and supplies. I Claim Ethiopians Deserting. “Toward evening Degiac Haille | Selassie Gugsa, chief of a vast region ,or Eastern Tigre, presented himself ! to our advance post and placed him- | self and his armed forces to the num- ber of several thousand under the order of Gen. Santini. | “Soon afterward Degiac Kassa “These events have great tmpor-! tance, because they show clearly that | on the edge of our line the Ethiopians | are not disposed to fight against the Italians, whose human and just gov- | ernment of 40 years ago is remem- bered in these regions. “The figures on Italian losses given by some foreign newspapers are lying. “The exact figures, gathered from the whole vast front after the four | days’ advance, are 30 dead, including 5 Italians and 25 natives; 70 wounded, including 50 natives, and 33 natives missing. “News telling of the dead and| | wounded has been communicated di- rectly to the various families. “Arms captured consists of one can- | non, one machine gun, 134 rifies and | 30 cases of ammunition. “Reorganization of the occupied zone is proceeding with continued | spontaneous co-operation of clergy and population. “On the Somaliland front, deser- tions of Ethiopians continue. “News of foreign origin of the de- sertion of our Askari (native troops) is false, like other such news. “Our aviation has completed tactical | and strategic reconnoitering beyond | the River Takkaze without seeing any | concentrations of Ethiopian forces. Morale Declared High. “News that an Italian airplane has | been brought down near Askum )sr false. “In the next few days the high command will. be transferred into conquered territory. “The health and morale of the troops is of the best.” Officials denied that there was any basis for rumors of a shake-up in the Italian field staff because of the departure of Field Marshal Pietro Badoglio, chief of the general staff, for the front. They explained he would “look over the situation.” The success of the present opera- tions, these, officials stated, should be proof that there was neither need for | nor thought of a change. - ! | our side. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 11, 1935. No. 1—Ethiopian infantry parading before Capt. Wagner of Belgium before leaving for the front. training Ethiopian troops. ‘Wagner is one of several European veterans No. 2—A defense boom across the Lazzaretto Harbor at the Island of Malta, laid by England to protect her naval base in the event of trouble. No. 3—Modern trucks taking well-equipped Ethiopian troops out of Addis Ababa for the front. No. 4—The scene in the Piazza del Duomo the night of October 2 as a huge crowd heard Benito Mussolini's call to arms from Rome, climaxing the “test mobilization™ of 20, 000 000 Black Shirts.—Copyright A: P. Wirephoto. ITALIANS IN TUNISIA MAY FOMENT CRISIS Resident General Confers on Pros- pect of Sanctions by League. By the Associated Press PARIS, October 11.—French officials disclosed today they are considering the problem of Tunisia's large Italian | population in case the Mediterranean seaboard is troubled by the Italo- Ethiopian conflict. Marcel Peyrouton, resident general | of Tunisia, arrived here for confer- ences accompanied by Maj. Herviot, chief of Peyrouton’s military stafl. Officials said half of Tunisia’s 200,- 000 Europeans are Italians who might be a source of trouble if the League of Nations' application of sanctions | serious turn. The status of Italian inhabitants of | | Tunisia was settled in a Franco-Italian agreement early this year. They are supposed to refrain from political demonstrations, officials said, but they | are closely organized. | —_— NEUTRALITY VOTE LOST Australian House Votes on Italo- Ethiopian Conflict. CANBERRA, Australia, October 11 | (#)—The House of Representatives | defeated today a resolution that Aus- tralia should remain neutral in the Italo-Ethiopian conflict. It was pre- | sented by the Labor membership. Australia, as a member of the Brit- ish Commonwealth of Nations, is ex- pected to side with Great Britain in the international crisis. Australia’s delegate in the League of Nations agreed to support the British stand for sanctions against Italy. COMPLETELY INSTALLED IN ONE The Yellow Section of Your Phone Boek coLoNIAL FUELOIL WORTHLESS WAR STOCK RACKET INVESTIGATED | Sale of Arms and Munitions Se- curities on Promise of Large Profits Reported. 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