Evening Star Newspaper, October 8, 1935, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY ..............October 8, 1935 THEODORE W. NOYES...........Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Bustness Ofice: ew Yor e - Lake Michigan BurcOnio S5m0 Hokent Sc. London. Engiand. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Edition. e Evening Star_ -45¢ per month 0c per month 5¢ per month ¢ per copy Final Edition. d: Star....70c per month Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent by mail or telephone Na- tional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. 1ly and Sunday. : 1 mo.. 8be ilv only Ir. i 1 mo., bhec Bunday only. $4.00; 1 mo.. 40c Daily and Sunday. Daily ouly_ Sunday only. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitied to the use for republication of all news dispatches eredited to it or not otherwise credited in this Paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. = Ttaly the Aggressor. By action destined to ring down the ages as historic, the Council of the League of Nations has unanimously found Ttaly guilty of war under the covenant. Tomorrow, more or less auto- matically, the Assembly will discuss and decide upon the sanctions to be imposed upon the aggressor nation as a penalty for breaking the peace in violation of its obligations to settle a dispute with a fellow member of the League by arbitral means. Ttaly stands pilloried before the world as an outlaw, mankind’s public enemy No. 1. Now that judgment has been pro- nounced, the exact nature of punitive measures remains to be determined. It has been well understood in advance that these will, in the first instance, take the form of a rigid embargo on all economic and financial relations with the Fascist realm. Mussolini and his people will be debarred from access to the money markets of League states, as they are already denied access to credits in the United States by virtue of the Johnson act penalizing nations in default on American indebtedness. Exports of every gort to Italy from League countries and imports from her will cease. She will be subjected in effect to a two-way boycott. The purpose of economic sanctions is to deprive a covenant breaker of the capacity to continue war-making in so far as it depends upon foreign supplies. If economic measures do not suffice to cause an aggressor nation to desist from war, the covenant contemplates even- tual military sanctions, or armed force. Mussolini has said that Italy would meet economic pressure in a spirit of Spartan gacrifice. Military sanctions, he de- clared, would be resisted by military measures. The Italians, in other words, would go to war to oppose them. The hour has at length arrived when theories, threats, boasts and words in general must give way to deeds and con- ditions. Il Duce’s obvious purpose is to achieve substantial military successes in Ethiopia before the machinery of sanc- tions can be effectively set in motion, or before Italy has begun seriously to feel the pinch of ironclad trade isola- tion. Then, facing the League with his main objectives in East Africa attained, Mussolini might feel that Italian “honar” was sufficiently vindicated to Justify him in stacking arms and yield- ing to Geneva's demand for stoppage of bloodshed. Time, from the standpoints of both the League and Italy, is of the essence. 5 Unless the League succumbs to an- other attack of its chronic malady—pro- crastination—sanctions should promptly demonstrate their efficacy, or other- wise, to check Italian defiance and the threat it offers to peace far beyond the Jjungles of Ethiopia. With Great Britain and France in virtual agreement for common military and naval action in the event that League powers are driven to such extremes, Mussolini must real- ize that he faces a Europe united and able to thwart the menace he presents. For assuring that it is not to go un- challenged—that “stern collective re- sistance,” in Britain's words, is ready to meet and crush it—civilization is the League’s debtor. R The word “sanction” has come into general use. In some circles it is trans- lated “verboten.” ——— Francis Wilson. Following so soon after the death of his friend, De Wolf Hopper, the passing of Francis Wilson brings regret particu- larly poignant to thousands of “old timers” among patrons of the theater. The departure of two great comic geniuses within the span of a single month prompts the thought that an era in the history of the stage is drawing to a close. No candidates are available to take their place. Fashions have changed, a new and vastly different school of clowns has appeared. The vet- erans and the period to which they be- longed are gone. In their stead, the public has Mickey Mouse. But for the men and women who were young when Mr. Wilson was in his prime the occasion of his final curtain will stir warm and grateful memories. He was a star when intelligence was an imperative necessity in an eminent comedian. His art, like that of Joseph Jefferson, was quick and free, spontane- ous and richly personal. He was not a type. Neither was he a copyist, and never once did he consciously stoop to accommodate a moronic gallery. Sub- tlety was his forte. He could express a thought by & mannerism of walking, deli- cately but colorfully absurd, and he aimed to provoke smiles of appreciation rather than what are appropriately known as “horse laughs.” Naturally enough, he loved books, en- Joyed the friendship of literary crafts- men and now and;again proved his THE EVENING right to move in such company by the skillful exercise of his own gifted pen. His parents were Quakers, and to that circumstance may be traced a keen humanitarian instinct which was mani- fest in his philosophy and in the ordi- nary conduct of his life. The players of the Nation owe to him the establishment of their first successful professional union—the Actors’ Equity Association, of which he was the “little father.” But the mafor significance of his career was that of the example which he set. As a mummer and as a man, he represented high ideals, firm convictions, good taste, a basic iIntegrity which was utterly un- pretending and yet plainly discernible. He both played and lived as he thought, and his heart was as kind and merciful as his brain was competent and true. ‘Washington, remembering him for his Cadeaux in the operetta, “Erminie,” and for his Cyrano de Bergerac, Bob Acres and Rip Van Winkle, bids him farewell with sorrow but with thanks for his services. He will be remembered as an artist and a citizen. ———— A Labor Party? Proposals for the establishment of an independent political party backed by organized labor threaten to bring differ- ences in the fifty-fifth annual conventign of the American Federation of Labor. A large number of resolutions adopted by international unions, State and city central labor bodies, and local unions, urging that such a course be followed will be presented. The International Ladies’ Garment Workers' Union is taking a prominent part in this effort to drive the American Federation of Labor into that line of action. It proposes that the Executive Council of the Federation be instructed to study the subject of inde- pendent political action. It further pro- poses that the Pederation take the initia- tive in the organization of a political labor party at the conclusion of the study. The American Federation of Labor has had such proposals before it in the past. It has been the opinion of the Federa- tion and its leaders, however, that the interests of labor in this country are best served when the Federation remains a non-political body. Nevertheless, the Federation has played its part in political campaigns. It has indorsed candidates for election on the Republican as well as the Democratic tickets. The measure of the candidates has been the measure of their friendliness to organized labor. In this way organized labor has, indeed, exercised a potent influence. President William Green, at the open- ing of the present annual convention of the Federation in Atlantic City, has indi- cated strong opposition®o the effort now | being made to force the Federation to support the organization of an inde- pendent political party, formed for di- rect political action. Mr, virtually charged that the demand for independent political action on the part of labor comes from Communist sources. Recently at Moscow the Communist In- ternational called upon its followers to pledge labor to independent political action. This movement of the Com- munists, Mr. Green suggested, has been responsible for the demand made now in this country that the American Fed- eration of Labor play a foremost part in the formation ¢f i new political party. President Green told the delegates to the convention that the American Fed- | eration of Labor would take no orders | - | He selected his foe and a message he sent from some gathering in a foreign coun- try. “No government in a foreign land, no camoufiaged organization meeting on foreign soil can tell the American Fed- eration of Labor what to do,” he said. As long as this independent position of organized labor holds true, so long will the cause of liberty and of labor be served. If and when American labor adopts the plans and platform of the Communists, takes orders from the Com= munist International, the American idea of liberty will be submerged. A dictator- ship both cruel and unintelligent will threaten America. The formation of an independent labor party, of itself, does not mean com- munism. Such a political party exists today in England. But the formation of a labor party at the behest of the Com- munists is another thing. Their hope and ideal is world revolution. Their great goal is clearly the overthrow of the Government of the United States, which, because it offers the people liberty and safety and fair living conditions, is the greatest threat to the radicals. American labor has kept its feet on the ground. It has labored intelligently for improved conditions, well understanding that there must be a partnership between labor and capital to bring the best results for the people. ———— The United States Supreme Court is now ready to demonstrate that it can do just as good work in a new build- ing as it did in the old and perhaps less imposing quarters. s A Great Series. Base ball at its best! So ended the world series between the Detroit Tigers and the Chicago Cubs yesterday. For supremacy of dramatic climax it lacked of perfection in but one respect. The series was not at a tie when the deciding base hit was made that drove in the finally winning run. Had Chicago won yesterday and the two teams gone into the seventh game of the series today such a situation would indeed have been classic. But as it was, the concluding game lacked in no respect in dramatic intensity. The pitchers were going strong from start to finish. The flelders were performing with more than average skill and the batters were hitting safely Just often enough to keep the game in & see-saw balance from start to finish. In short, there was the keenest tension from the moment when the first ball was pitched to that climactic smash into cen- ter fleld by the redoubtable “Goose” Goslin, whom Washington well remem- bers, that sent the Detroit manager- catcher scurrying across the plate with the winning run. It was a twenty-six hundred dollar run for each player on the Detroit team, there being that differ- ence betweenAhe individual winners’' and Green has | the losers’ shares. Rarely has a base hit been so valuable to the man who made it and his teammates. Judgment varies as to whether the best team won the series. It mlmost always does. But the fact stands that the world championship goes at long last to Detroit, where it has never been held before, despite numerous league conouests. In a short series luck plays a large part. In this series luck was evident on both sides. Probably there was a fairly even break on that score. Maybe it was hard luck that in the ninth inning yesterday Chicago led off with a three-base hit, only to have that potential run, which would have broken the tie for the time, left stranded on third base while the Detroit pitcher sum- moned his greatest skill and retired the side—a strike-out on three pitched balls, an easy tap to the mound and & soft fly to the outfleld. That was a great moment—for the winners. It was hard luck for the losers, plus the pitcher’s skiil in defense. There is no reason to despair of the national spirit and character when countless millions of people will pause in their activities on six successive days to watch and listen to the progress of base ball games between two aggrega- tions of professionals representing rival organizations, contesting for the su- preme annual honors and rewards of the sport. The spirit of competition that is manifested on such occasions is a wholesome sign of national vitality and enterprise. e Government employes must work hard and be on time. If transportation diffi- ities increase it may be desirable to | o 1 | that this quarter ended with a deficit introduce the folding bed as a feature of office equipment. RS- Taking the oath of allegiance to the United States Government may give the youth, on whom the world depends so | much, an opportunity to reform a few parents. c———— Travelers on Italian ships will go on their own risk. If bombing raids become as prevalent as predicted, a similar risk will be involved in an effort to remain peaceably at home. r—ve—s Eminent colleges are at present en- Joying an opportunity to keep out of war coutroversy and be content with the wholesome stimulation of foot ball. R Reversions to Puritanism are feared. In view of the direct suggestiveness in- truded in popular entertainment a dash of Puritanism might not hurt. An interesting situation might arise if the old Kings and Emperors of Europe | were to meet with their families and decide to form a union. An awakening public finds it possible to be neutral in foreign war, but not in a world series of base ball. . Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Aboriginal Appetite. A wild man of Borneo picked up a spear And ordered the war drums to sound; All those who were in a position to hear Gave the signal attention profound. With kindly assurance replete Explaining, his folks no discourtesy meant, But they just wanted something to eat. Their pigs they had slaughtered in revelry strange. They said in an argument strong: “When a shortage of pigs greets the old kitchen range We must turn to the pig known as ‘long." " So forward they marched and they gave a hurrah! “In self-preservation we meet,” They cried, “though our neighbors prefer to stay raw, We must catch to eat!” ‘em and cook ‘em Leadership. “I have no desjre to be a political leader,” said Senator Sorghum. “But your country may need you,” ex- claimed the admirer. “A political leader is not necessarily one whose country needs him. He may be a masterful personality who decides that he needs his country.” Jud Tunkins says crime doesn't pay, but it always has enough capital to buy machine guns. Indispensable Role. “And what is all the fight about?” The dove of peace inquired. There came & mighty battle shout It wasn’t much admired. “When glory marches on her way ‘To chide some unbeliever, Of course, somebody has to play The part of Danny Deever.” Sound Economy. “We've got to economize,” said the man with the megaphone. “Can you suggest anything?” asked Mr. Puddoozer. “Yes. I've just invented a device to make static take the place of the sound of machine guns.” Playing With Planets. Dr. Einstein, the problems we constantly find Right here on this troublesome earth You seem oft inclined to dismiss from your mind As things of inferior worth. Why shouldn't our needs in big figures enjoy Your great intellectual grace? Yet your marvelous talents you choose to employ In gayly boondoggling in space! *“I ain’ got no quarrel wif & policeman,” said Uncle Eben. “But I like him better when he has a ball game on hand and is sellin’ me a ticket, 'sted o' givin’ me one” A A STAR, WASHINGTON, Sees Some Significance in ‘White House Apple Sauce’ To the Editor of The Star: A leading ghain store in Washington is extensively advertising “White House Apple Sauce.” While every observer knows that under this administration more “apple sauce” has been dished out from the White House than during any administration in American history, it will likely be a revelation to learn that this brand is now being distributed com- mercially. The President's recent statement on the budget is as fine a case of “apple sauce” as has ever emanated from the presidency. With typical recklessness President Roosevelt now “estimates” this year's deficit will be some $300,000,000 less than last year and cheerfully an- nounces that no new taxes will be neces- sary, either to meet the cost of Govern- ment or to retire the public debt. All of which would be encouraging—if true. But before the American people swallow President Roosevelt's grandiloguent statement, let them remember it comes from the same Roosevelt who promised to reduce governmental expenditures not less than 25 per cent, only to increase such expenditures more than 70 per cent; who promised to balance the Federal budget, only to pile up the largest peace- time deficits known in our history;. who promised to stop public debt increases, only to increase such debt over $8,500.- 000,000, or at the rate of more than $6,000 for every minute he has been President, day and night. Before the American people allow themselves to be further deluded by President Roosevelt, let them investigate how this same Roosevelt has kept the promises he made them in the past—and then judge him accordingly. What is the truth regarding the Na- tion's finances? Against the President’s glowing but unsupported “estimates,” let us put the hard, cold facts. The first quarter of the present fiscal vear ended September 30. The daily Treasury statement for that date shows of $832,021,766. This is $290.349,795 (or 54 per cent) greater than for the same period last year. Thus, notwithstanding the President’s boastful “estimates” of a reduced deficit this vear, this deficit is already nearly $300,000,000 more than at the same time a year ago. The President in his budget statement also referred to increased governmental revenues and to impending reductions in governmental expenditures. It is signifi- cant, however, that he quoted no Gov- ernment figures in this connection. Let me do so. Referring again to the daily Treasury statement for September 30, we find that for the quarter just ended revenues were $44,565,000 greater than for the same period a year ago. Expenditures, how- ever, were $334914,000 greater than for the same period a year ago. Thus, for every dollar of increased revenue during | the first quarter of this fiscal year, there was an increased expenditure of over $7. At this rate, “how long, O Lord, how long?” So when our smiling President, in the face of mounting Government expendi- tures and increasing deficits, predicts a rosy financial future, it can only be taken by the American people as just another case of “White House Apple Sauce.” R. C. SCHROEDER. r—tes Current Car Designs Make for Accidents To the Editor of The Star: Anent The Star’s present safety cam- paign, reference is made to a timely letter by E. N. La Motte, appearing in a recent issue, calling attention to a dangerous feature of the current automobile which, as he states, has not been stressed before, namely, poor visibility. He is absolutely correct in this criti- cism, but attributes the vital defect to the wrong cause and offers no remedy except the implied one of returning to the old high, ungainly models of several | years back. TPis is not at all necessary, because it is not the lowness of the late designs that is responsible for the trouble. It is the highness of the window sills and the cowl. There is no logical reason why the window sills should not be at the height of the driver’s elbow instead of his chin, yet this is so obviously not the case that most models now have an inside arm rest about 8 inches or more below the sill. Visibility would be vastly improved if this were done while, at the same time, the comfort that the presence of the arm rest mentioned indicates is desirable would be automatically provided. Under a mistaken idea that a high hood indicates a powerful motor, cowls have risen higher and higher until today the feminine driver of average propor- tions cannot look out properly at all. She has to elevate her head to an unnatural angle and peer out. She not only cannot see the fenders, but probably could not tell by inspection from the driver's seat whether the radiator was still there or not That this inexcusable feature is purely arbitrary and non-essential is evidenced by the fact that, in the majority of cars, there is an utterly useless space of well over a foot between the topmost part of the engine and the hood above it. The writer is driving a 1932 model which has window sills approximately where they ought to be and a windshield deep enaugh to permit adequate obser- vation of surrounding trafic conditions and for the foregoing reasons intends to keep it as long as it may be operated with mechanical safety rather than acquire a model which, Mr. La Motte states. has to be driven by guesswork. One of the leading manufacturers issues a booklet to customers and others, entitled. “Your Car As You Would Build It,” containing a questionnaire by means of which the recipient is invited to set forth his ideas on motor car construction, This appears to be a very good plan, but it is doubtful if much attention is paid to the suggestions so acquired, espe- cially when in conflict with the appar- ently basic principle of so changing this year's car as to make last year's and its predecessors look hopelessly out of date. J. A. CLIFF. R Driver and Jaywalker Blames Lights and Radios ‘To the Editor of The Star: Anent the pedestrian subject! I am both a jaywalker and an automobile driver, so feel that I can discuss the subject from both angles. Any one who has tried it knows that it is much easier to cross the street in the middle of the block because there you at least avoid the danger of cars turning in upon you from right and left and there is almost always a clear space in the middle of the block. At corners if one starts over on a green light it is apt to change on him before he reaches the other side and the speed-mad motorist, fearing to miss a split- second, comes charging on at the first sign of change of lights. How many have noticed the wild dash of cars between lights lest the drivers lose the green? Have the statistics of the number of accidents where there was a radio running in the car ever been made? It seems to me radios could be responsible for many by distracting the driver’s attention. I feel that one solution to the accident question might be to make it an offense for any machine to be made for any except racing purposes that can go faster than 40 miles per hour. Success to you in your campaign! . B. 8. GGaDWIN. DAY, OCTOBER 8, 1935. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. The wise dog owner will realize that conditions have changed. It will not do any longer to let pets roam the streets of Washington as for- merly. The traffic situation, which every one realizes in regard to its import for humans, is equally dangerous to our friend, the dog. The tremendous increase of biisses alone in the past few years has tended to create a situation wholly inimical to four-footed creatures. Not only must they run all the dangers of the streets, open alike to men and women in cars and afoot, but Nature did not give them the brains to under- stand what they must fade. Even humans, at times, fail to recog- nize the speed of foot which must be theirs to escape an oncoming car. An automobile can traverse an entire city block before a person afoot can get half way across the street. How much more likely is it, therefore, that a four-footed beast, who could not invent an internal-combustion engine, shall never have the slightest under- standing of its capacities! In saying this we are not unmindful of the sagacious way in which scores of local dogs daily thread their way through traffic. But we are inclined to believe that nothing but heaven protects them, in such cases, as much as they do seem blandly | to be assessing the dangers they run. K k% For the prize of the most thoughtless persons alive, perhaps it would be well to nominate the average dog owner. ‘There are many ways this crops out, but we will confine ourself to just one, that of seeming indifference to the fate of & pet in the street. The dog is turned out to run at large. It returns to home base, from time to | time, unhurt. What the owner does not know is the many warrow escapes the animal has. It is exactly here that another danger from the motor car enters. Just as the motorist is so busy hurry- ing along that commonly he fails to notice the beauties of the landscape, 30 { also he is too occupied with the job of getting through 1935 traffic to pay much regard to the dog's problems. Even if he owns a dog himself! That seems the strangest part of it. The pedestrian dog owner might be ex- pected to understand the problem of the dog in our modern thoroughfares, but the motorist dog owner seems to forget it, even when he has a dog of his own. It is only the person afoot who must stand and wait, both for public trans- | portation and automobiles, who really is | able to see what the dog is up against. He sees because he has the time to | see, that is all. He understands, because he faces the same danger and in precisely the same way. He is on the same footing exactly. No situation makes them more friends. - ok ox ‘The dangers which dogs run and often escape from every day are tremendous and remarkable. ‘The man afoot who loves dogs is the only one who can realize them. & day, as he watches some brave fellow drift across at least four lines of rapidly moving traffic. That he gets hit upon occasion is not to be wondered at. The wonder is ihat he ever escapes. STARS, MEN His heart is in his mouth many times | The dog has no way of estimating such speeds. They are as beyond him as the astronomical figures of the distance of the sun and the moon from the earth are beyond us. We may say we under- stand, but actually we do not. How can we? We have no means of comparison. It is exactly so with regard to the dog or squirrel or cat and the speeds of moving automobiles, whether passenger cars, trucks or motor busses. Animals can gauge the speed of other animals with accuracy. They have millions of years behind them to do that. With inborn instinct the tiger drops accurately on its prey. The timid rabbit outruns the dog. The fox escapes, PR There is nothing in animal nature, however, which prepares a creature for estimation of such speeds as 40, 50, 60 miles an hour, to say nothing of 80 and 90. Honestly, there is nothing in man, ex- cept his mind, which enables him to be any more accurate. Every one has had the experience of trying to cross a street, seeing some car approaching a block away, to be forced to retreat to the curb from which one started, as the oncoming vehicle makes such headway that one realizes, sometimes almost too slowly, that a continuance of the cross would bring car and pedestrian to the same spot at the same time. This is such an elemental proposition that it would be needless to speak of it until one stops to realize that many dog owners seem to pay no attention to it at all. Does ownership and the ability to pay for a tag give them the right to turn | an animal loose on the street, in an en- vironment in which it must compete with speeds of which it knows nothing and by Nature can know nothing? TR R ‘The common practice of chasing cars, to which many good dogs are addicted, | is all the more dangerous on account of the severe case of traffic jitters which | the National Capital, along with all other cities, seems to be suffering with at this time. far more dogs would be injured and killed at this canine sport. But the sad | part of it is that this very fact of car mainly responsible for the danger to dogs in the streets. ‘The other fellow's dog, alas, does not seem to be as dear as one's own. And it is always the other man’s dog. of course, which is run down. The man at the wheel going along brisklv, as it seems to him. is never at leisure to watch dogs come and go. He passes all too swiftly for that. It is only the man afoot who has the time to watch a dog come along an entire block. practicing the ancient rites of dogdom, suddenly take a whim to cross the road—and start to cross. It is the pedestrian, waiting, who has the opportunity to get excited at the narrow squeaks of his | unknown friend on four legs Four legs might seem to be better than two in traffic, but the two extra feet compensate for the lack of unusual brains. The dog owner ought to do that for his pet. That he does not do it, in all too many cases, is evident on every street. The busier and wider and therefore Dog owners are mainly car owners or | ownership, so it seems to us, is what is | more dangerous the thoroughfare, the | more dogs. it seems. When will these dog owne to the fact that they are I | not 1905? AND ATOMS wake up g in 1935, Laboratory ‘When the ancient Egyptian died he knew exactly where he was going and what he would find there. Rev. Dr. George 8. Duncan. professor of Egyptology at American University, has just completed translation of all the hieroglyph inscriptions on the pyramids —the tombs of pharoahs—which touch upon the Egyptian belief in immortalty. About 16 miles south of Cairo. he ex- plains, is a group of five of these pyra- mids bearing inscriptions which con- stitute the earliest immortality writings known to man. These date from about 2000 B. C. The inscriptions consist of religious texts, prayers, hymns, ineantations, lists of offerings, and descriptions of the future life. They were intended to provide appropriate directions for the dead pharoah on his way to the next world, and to insure his happiness when he got there. Prof. Duncan’s translations are all from the original hieroglyphic texts. Some ef the ideas, and perhaps some of the very words, probably date back to a very great antiquity, he says. They probably were composed by priests for the penefit of the dead long before the art of writing became known, were re- peated each time a king died, and were handed down from mouth to mouth, gen- eration after generation. They only were committed to writing when there was danger that they would be for- gotten. Most of them, Prof. Duncan says, can be read with tolerable accuracy, but some contain unknown words and obscure illusions which at present defy interpretation. It is clear from the inscriptions, says Dr. Duncan, that the Egyptian concept of the afterworld was that of a glorified Egypt with trees, reeds, flowers, gardens, flelds, lakes, rivers and floods. The future world was located above, in the eastern part of the sky. The Egyptian had an unshaken faith in the eventual resurrection of the body. This is affirmed in several of the pyramid inscriptions he has translated. For ex- ample: She (the goddess Nut) unites for thee thy bones; she unites for thee thy mem- bers: she places for thee the breast in thy body. 0, King Tety, lift thyself up after thou hast received thy head; pull together thy bones; shake off thy dust. Mayest thou open for King Mernere his two eyes; mayest thou open for him his nose; mayest thou open for him his mouth; mayest thou open for him his two ears to hear. Arise, dwellers in the tombs; loose your bandages; throw off the sand from your faces; lift up yourselves from your left side; support yourselves upon your right side. The Egyptian journey to the next world, Dr. Duncan finds, was over water and was usually accomplished by means of two rafts or a ferry boat. Thus: The two rafts of the sky are placed for King Unis, so that he may ferry over ?zflm the horizon in the company C. Re, commend King Tety to Maahaf, the ferrymen of the lake of Lotus, that may bring that ferry boat of the lake Lotus to King Tety in which he erries over the gods to that side of he lake of Lotus, to the eastern side the sky. ‘The Egyptians believed that the world above was entered gh doors with bolts. There were tes, and a door- Notebook of Science Progress in Field, and Study. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. | keeper and a gatekeeper are mentioned in the inscriptions. The dead king, the | inscriptions make clear, supposedly was welcomed into Heaven with great cere- mony. The gods were glad to see him. Thus some of the inscriptions: Thou findest Re standing there; he comss to thee; he seizes thy arms;: he leads thee into the double palace of the sky; he places thee upon the throne of Osiris. He, the god Geb, rejoices at thy ap- proach; he gives his arms to thee: he kisseth thee; he embraceth thee; he puts thee at the head of the glorified ones who do not know how to perish; arise to thee. ‘The inscriptions even give a fair idea the next world. They feasted on bread, milk, beer, wine, fig cakes, sweet meats, oil, geese, quail and various sorts of meat and fruit. Thus: Sit down to thy thousands of loaves of bread, thy thousands of jars of beer, thy thousands of oxen, thy thou- sands of geese, thy thousands of every- thing on which the god lives. The ribs, coming from the slaughterhouse, are roasted for thee; that thou mayest eat the shank, and that thou mayest chew the cutlet in thy mouth, and that thou mayest feed upon the ribs. There was always an abundance of food in heaven and it was always fresh. Say the inscriptions: Get thee up to this, thy bread which cannot dry up and to thy beer which | cannot become stale. There were two meals a day in the ing consisted of a loin cloth and head- gear adorned with a feather. also wore his royal regalia and had sandals for his feet. He resided in a palace, sat upon a throne, was sure rounded by servants, and received offer- ings. Among his occupations in Heaven were those of farmer, ruler, judge, mes- senger of the gods and secretary of the gods. * % * x But, says Dr. Duncan, the inscriptions show that the Egyptian idea of Paradise and of immortality was not entirely materialistic. He presents these inscrip- tions as “the highwater mark of the Egyptian immortality teachings which have never been surpassed in any age in their confident expression of belief in life beyond the grave: King Tety had not died; he has be- come a glorious one in the sky; he abides in continuity. ‘The lifetime of King Unis is eternity; his boundary is eternity. Hail, King Pepy. Thou hast departed that thou mightest live; that thou mightest become soul, being a soul; that thou mightest become spiritual, being spiritual. ‘The immortal part goes to the sky; the mortal part goes to the earth; though thou sleepest, thou wakest again; though thou diest, thou livest again. Some of these, he points out, closely parallel familiar passages in the Bible. Straw Votes and Real. From the New Orleans Times-Picayune. The American Psychological Associa- tion announces a substitute for the straw vote. Yes, and we know several polie ticians who have devised a substitute for real one. the great ones serve thee; the watchmen | of what the glorified ones dine upon in | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By Frederic J. Haskin, A reader can get the answer fo any question of fact by writing The Washing ton Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing= ton, D.C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. How many young people entered public schools in the United States in September?—A. R. g A. The number is estimated at 30,« 000,000. Q. Since the organization of the pres- ent Republican party, have more amend- ments been added to the Constitution during Republican or Democratic admin- istrations?—H. M. A. Six amendments have been added in Republican administrations; two in Democratic administrations, and ons was introduced during a Republican administration and ratified during a Democratic administration. Q. What is the term used to express the fact that diplomatic representatives and their residences are exempt from local laws?—T. R. A. It 1s called exterritoriality or ex- traterritoriality. Q. In a matriarchy, rule?—T. D. A. A matriarchy is a social organiza- tion in which descent is traced through the mother only. The system is found in primitive groups throughout the world. It does not involve rule by the mother. do the women Q. Are dictionaries as popular in other countries as they are in the United States?—T. G. A. The use of a dictionary is much more general in this country than else- | where and the one-volume dictionary is the favorite, Q. When was the great potato famine in Ireland?—A. C. A. The potato failure in Ireland. re- sulting in a famine which shocked the world, was in 1844, and one hardly less severe occurred in 1848. During this period nearly one-fourth of the entire Irish population emigrated. Q. How old is the dry-cleaning in- dustry?—N. A. P. A. It began in France about the middle of the nineteenth century. At first the work was done entirely bv hand, but machinery has been invented and 1 now used except for delicate fabrics. Q. What is auscultation?—E. B. H. A. It is one of the aids in diagnosi of disease consisting of listening to sounds produced in the bodv—either b application of the examiner's ear to the body surface or by means of the steth- oscope. The trained ear can distinguish from normal sounds the abnormal ones which are the result of abnormal physical state of the tissues and organs. It is especially useful in examining the heart and lungs, but is also used for the abdomen. Q, How much did the ferris wheel at the Columbian Exposition weigh?—P. K. A. Its total weight was about 1,200 tons. Q. On what date did the Maxim Gorki | crash?—E. R A. The Soviet land plane crashed near Moscow on May 18, 1935, Q. Is there a black tiger>—R. E. A, It is among the rarest of beasts but the Imperial Gazetteer of India | savs that a few specimens have been shot. Q. How many unemployed workers are there at present’—M. G A. Estimates vary. The National In- dustrial Conference Board estimates that in August there were 9,901,000 unem- ploved workers. Q. What is a barcarolle’—E. M. A. A barcarolle (Italian and French. | little boat) is a boat song made popular by Venetian gondoliers; also any musical composition which suggests the charac- teristic manner and rhythm of the Vene- | tian boat song, such as the “Barcarolle.” from “Tales of Hoffman,” by Jacques Offenbach, Q. How does it happen that the Rosetta Stone is in the British Museum?—J. F. A. It was ceded to the British at the surrender of Alexandria in 1801. Tt was subsequently brought to England and placed in the British Museum. Q. How early were foundling hospitals established?—A. H. A. The Second Nicene Council in 787 ordered the establishment of foundling hospitals in all large cities. Q. How long was Terence MacSwiney in prison?—W-. J. R. A. Terence MacSwiney's prison career | dates back to May, 1916, when as one of Cork’s aldermen, he was arrested and deported to Wakefield Prison, England. He was released, but arrested several | times after this and released. On August Egyptian paradise. The heavenly cloth- | A king | 12, 1920, he was accused of sedition, and of having in his possession information connecting him with acts of violence. He declared on his conviction that he would be free within a month or dead, and commenced a hunger strike, to | which he succumbed on the seventy- fourth day of his fast, October 25, 1920, | in Brixton Prison, London, England. Q. Where is Lava Beds National Monu- ment?—E. C. A. It is in California. northeast of Mount Shasta. Established in 1925, it contains 45967 acres. The lava forma- tions include tunnels, ice caves and caves with Indian pictographs. Q. Has the manufacture of bicycles | increased much?—G. W. A. The manufacture of bicycles has increased 25 per cent in the past year. More than 2000000 wheels are being ridden in the United States. ——— A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton Summer’s Wraith Song birds have come and gone. Summer slipped by With lyric sigh Into the Autumn zone. Vanished her jeweled moons, Her blue, blue sky, Soft stars on high, Sweet nights and sunny noons. Gone all her graceful flowers, Leaf-laden trees, Caressing breeze, Enchanting twilight hours. Who saw fair Summer go In her light shroud Of frost and cloud, In flight before the snow? well! All loveliness is fleet. the verdure, garnered wheat.