Evening Star Newspaper, February 15, 1932, Page 8

AR, WASHINGTON, D. €, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1932. THE EVENING of the farm produce has been permitted isnt\u of women. ‘Those who were priv- THE EVENING STAR | 2k it s ek s | s S S, e With Sunday Morning llllhr WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY Pebruary 15, 1982 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office. 110 East 4and 8t. Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Bullding. European Ofice: 14 Regent At.. London, Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star_... . 45c per month The Evening and Sunday Star (when 4 Sundavs) 60c per month The Evening and Sunday Star .......65¢ per month (when 5 Sundays) . The Sunday Star B 5c_per copy Collection made at the end of each mont] sent in by mail or telephone Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ..1¥r..$10.00: 1 mo., 8¢ 1yr. $600° 1 mo" 50c 136 $4.00: 1 mo. 40¢ All Other States and Canada. $12.00° 1 mo., 81 £8.00: 1 mo., 1 1 3500 1 mo 80c Member of the Associated Presa The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use {0 ublication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ited | and also the lacal news publishe: 11 rights of publication of special n e also reservel 1yr. A State of War in China. An international consular body, acting #s a committee of investigation for the League of in Shanghai, has reported to Geneva that “a state of open war” exists thore between China and Japan. Upon the receipt of this report arrangements were inade for a' secret meeting of the Council today to consider a Chinese rcquest for an emergency meeting of the full League Assembly. China is prepared, it 1is reported from Geneva, to demand that on the strength of this report the League take action under Article XVI, involving economic and military sanc- tions, the former including an inter- national boycott against Japan, as the aggressor nation. The Chinese spokes- man at Geneva declares that in this move China is acting “not only in the interests of China but in the interests of all count which may bz placed in the same unfortunate position; in- deed, I am acting in the interests of | the Council and of the League itelf, It is essential to affirm 2ni sungthen} to face an issue which may involve its | own existence. There are now in the| field around Shanghai some 25,000 Jap- anese troops, equipped Wwith the ma- chincs of active aggressive conflict. | There are some 65.000 Chinese troops | there or near at hand, similarly but! probably not as effectively equipped, A series of engazements has been in progress for many days as the Japanese | have tried to effect the reduction of | the Chinese forts at the mouth of the | Whangpoo River and to drive the de- fending Chinese forces to a distance of | twenty miles from that point, according to late reports. There is no knowledge of the numbey of casualties. Doubtless they have been heavy, and great dam- age has been done to property. The Chinese native section of Shanghal known as Chapei, has been devastated. | Verilr, indeed, a “state of war” exists there There is no likelihood of the adoption d. | ignore the inflexible laws of supply and | an agreement | for the presidential nomination. bought and sold through zegular com- mercial channels. The organization is non-profit making, and its objects are altruistic and benevolent. It hopes ultimately to show, through the work opportunity for development of a Nation-wide organization, supported by philanthropy, for marketing surplus crops of many kinds through welfare and charitable agencles that giwe, and do not sell, food. One of the glaring inconsistencies emphasized by the depression has been the existence of large food surpluses while men and women were threatened | with actual starvation, and while farm- | ers who raised the crops were pauper- ized, 1t would seem—recognizing, at| the same time, the economic hazards of | setting up such artificial channels to | compete with the regular, but glutted, channels of trade and commerce—that there should be opportunity here for developing the Economic Conserva- tion Committee plan on broader lines, reaching out to embrace other surplus crops and other commodities than Cal- ifornia fruit, Without attempting to demand, it would seem that in emer- gencies such as the present there is a field here for philanthropic enterprise that might accomplish great good. It ‘calllnly deserves attentive considera- tion. ———— Mr. Baker's Silence. Newton D, Baker returned to the ! | United States yesterday and talked of the archeological wonders of Mexico. I a number of other Democrats, prom-| inent in party affairs, would follow suit they might help their party. As it is, the amount of bitterness found in state- ment after statement issued by anti- Roosevelt and Roosevelt Democrats, Smith Democrats and anti-Smith Demo- crats, Ritchie Democrats, Murray Demo- crats and those favoring other candi- | dates for the presidential ngmination | threaten to bring about a situation at least comparable (v that which pre- | vailed in 1924. Mr. Baker is widely recognized as one of the ablest men in his party today. It is not inconceivable that, | League or no League, if the Demaeratic | in a jam next June and unable t reach | on Roosevelt, Smith, Ritchie or any of the other avowed candidates, it might turn to Baker. Whether the nomination would be worth a lot to any candidate a‘ter a | severe intraparty strife is a question. | Much would depend upon whether the | candidate finally named had the friend- | ship of all factions. Mr. Baker so far | | costing five dustry and her patience and her gacity in attacking apparently irresist- ible conditions. Such a Woman was an inspiration to all Awmericans, and now on this day of her birth it is well to re- of her career, a crusader for-the right, suffering penalties with philosophy and never faltering in ber falth that justice ‘would eventually be done to the women of America. Germany’s Disarmament Plea. Chancellor Bruening, speaking over an international radio network yesterday, contributed a briet chapter to the story cf disarmament which is being told at Geneva. His statement is to the point that Germany will not subscribe to any percentage or proportional reduction of armament based upon present condi- tions; that Germany demands that if disarmament is effected it be by & reduction of the arms of other nations to the German basis, established by the treaty of Versailles. In short, Ger- many asks that the provisions of that treaty be radically amended in respect to the military equipment of Germany's former enemies in proportion to those of Germany. This radio address, though appar- ently sent out to reach the ears of | listeners in other lands, was probably intended primarily for home attention. Herr Bruerring is facing a political test in the elections that are soon to take place in Gemmany. His opponents are demanding the revision of the Versailles treaty. This statement, therefore, be- comes & campaign document of value at home. There is little chance of any agree- ment at Geneva upon a disarmament program that will be adopted by the nations attending that conference. There is absolutely no chance whatever of agreement upon such a program as | that which Bruening demands in the | name of Germany. The treaty of Ver- sallles will not be modified at a dis- armament conference. If it is ever amended it will come from a meeting of powers called to consider interna- ticnal economic conditions. ——— It seems that H. L. Mencken told a Hungarian artist that he thought it was National Convention should find itself | ©¥en more dangercus to be a husband | than to be an aviator. Some men are both. There is some basis for belief that each capacity makes the other less dangerous. - e Representative Linthicum thinks pass- ports are too cheap; that instead of dollars they should be priced at nine. Come on, Mr. Repre- sentative, and recommend an even ten. has offended none of these factions. He has declined to become either an! active or a receptive candidate. He has | left the field entirely to the aspirants | for the nomination. No one, in such ing to hamstring any of the candidates | He has not declared himself for pledged | or unpledged delegates to the Demo- | cratic National Convention. He has at- | tended to his own business. The only statement that Mr. Baker has made which might be interpretec ‘!Bs showing a willingness on his part | to become the presidential nominee of of military messures by the League of | his party had to do with his stand on It will be mighty tough on that over- worked State Department to be making change so often. ———————— News of the reopening of lumber camps all through the Northwest is circumstances, can accuse him of try- | gratifying. The way things have been | muddling along in that industry even Paul Bunyan himself could not have gotten a job. If that variable weather keeps up at Lake Placid, some of the sledders and ski-men may have to run off their fmals in canoes down some rapid| mountain river. “Fogs Veil New York” ran a recent Nations. It has no forces of its own. It can pursue a course of direct inter- vention by military means only through co-operation of the member nations, of which the United States is not one. Nor can !t include the United States in economic reprisal against Japan | the formal action of this Gov- ernment, with the assent of the Con- gress, which would entail a consider- | able delay, inasmuch as there is a strong resista ticipation in League measures. It re-| mains, therefore, to be seen what steps | the League can take that will promise to be effective. take any at all Prctection of the American interests at Shanghai is all that the United States can undertake. It has joined Great Britain, France and Italy in a four-power representation to Japan, #eeking a cessation of the contest, and no results have been gained. Rather has the situation become more danger- ous since this intervention. Japan bas proceeded to augment its forces in China and has pursued an uninter- rupted campaign. Various “incidents” have occurred to bring matters to the - point at which the United States is - warranted in protesting on its own ini- tiative against the invasion of the rights of neutrals who are within the area of the conflict. ment, however, is holding strictly to its course as a member of the four- power group. This state of affairs cannot continue indefinitely without the probable com- ‘ mission by one side or the other of an act of direct aggression upon interna- tional rights. The hope is that the League Council cr the League Assem- bly at Geneva can find a way of inter- vention that will bring about a depend- able truce, with the results of an ad- Judication of the issue between the two now warring countries. The case of the “crazy” trapper up in Northwest Territory who has for weeks successfully stood off, outwitted and outmarched a squad of “Mounties” is reminiscent of that derisive phrase which was on every lip thirty-odd years ago, namely, “Who's loony now?” ——— Surplus Food for Charity. The Economic Conservation Commit- tee of America, with heagiquarters in san Francisco, is secking to interest the Washington Community Chest in jts plan for distribution, at cost, of cer- tain food products made from surpius fruit crops in California. Whether the Community Chest agencies can with profit avail themselves of the oppor- tunity to purchase tnese produets at present for distribution among their needy beneficiaries is of less immediate interest than the idea suggested by the Econcmic Conservation Committee’s plan. The possibilities of the plan command attention. The conservation committee started some years ago to find a market for surplus farm products that otherwise would rot on the ground. A group of men furnished the money for creation of a revolving fund to finance purchase and preparation of surplus fruit. The market has been strictly confined ‘to public or private charitable agencies Wwhigh provide direct relief, apd none nce here against any par- | if it should decide to| the League of Nations. In that state- ment he reiterated his belief in the |of the metropolis that most needs veil- ultimate success of the League, but|ing fails to get it through any natural said he would not undertake to put | phenomenon. tke United States into the League un- - til a majority of the people favored such a move. It is obvious, of course. | that he could not possibly take the United States into the League if a | majority of the people opposed such a course. At the same time that Mr. Baker issued his statement regarding | the League, which apparently had been dragged out of kim by friends who have been trying to make him a candi- date for the presidential nomination, headline. The trouble is that the part e e Here is 1932, and the 1928 campaign fund conspiracies are not yet out of the way. Four full years ought to be enough for a new deal all around. - SHOOTING STARS, BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Parlor Socialist. I said T was a Socialist This Govern- | Mr. Baker reitorated his assertion that | | he was not a candidate. He did not {say that if the convention tendered | him the nomination he would accept it. He contented himself with a flat denial tbat he was a candidate. | Within three months the voters in | the Democratic primaries will have | spoken pretty plainly regarding tieir preferences for candicates. The party leaders will do well to give hecd to what the voters say. I they seiect a| candidate for the presidential romina- tion who runs well in the primary | elections they may reasonably expect | that such a candidate wiil run well in | |the general election next November. | The danger lies in the effort of the i so-called leaders of the Democratic party undertaking to go contrary to the sentiment so expressed by the voters. Furthermore, a good old fraces | among the Democrats mighi lose them almost all, if not all, tie advantage { which the business depression nis given |them in this campeign. And should the business depression lighten in the next few months a serious Democratic ! intraparty row would prcbably end all | chance of the election of a Dsmocratic | President. — ———————— With the influx of the mocori and { more svelte type of prima donna, it | becomes much easier o dissociate the | two words “aria” and “area.” ——— Susan B. Anth Susan B. Anthony, ony. if living now, would be just one hundred and eleven vears old. She passed away nearly fif- teen years ago and the anniversary of her birth is today being chserved witia modest but sincere ceremonials at va- ! rious points in this country. It is well that her memory be kept green by such rites of recollection and appraisal. For | she was one of the foremost women of America, and her services, though for many years not fully appreciated, wers | of the utmost value in bringing about' reforms that benefited mot only the womanhood of the country, but the en- tire national community. She was a pioneer in the cause of woman suffrage. It was a bitter sorrow to her devoted followers and associates in this en- | deaver that she did not live to see the victory of her crusade. But she died in ‘When I was making money, | In doing so I would insist ‘That I was being funny. Applause would freely come my way And also laughter hearty ! So long as I could freely pay To give another party. A much used word will often range Through meanings all uncertain, And Fortune with a cruel change On banquets drew the curtain. A Socialist, I raised alarms, Hearers no more caluted, My soap box speeches had no charms— Only my feed box suited. Enduring Sfrife. Though peace at last may seem secure Among regretful nations, Each war goes on in literature Through countless generations. Recovering From the Attack. Actors and authors still the row ‘Which has astonished us of yore; The public grows so decent now ‘That nothing shocks us any more. Learned in the Law. “The first law of nature,” said the readymade philosopher, “is self-preser- vation.” “Se I have heard,” answered Senator Sorghum. “But the way things are breaking in politics out home makes It look as if that's another of those laws I'm liable to find it hard to enforce.” Jud Tunkins says one or two valen- tines are something for a gal to be proud of, but too many of 'em make it look like she might be fickle an’ fiir- tatious. Discovery. “I have made a very important dis- covery,” said the medical man, “one that promises fame and fortune. “Discovered a new disease?” ' “No. But I am making & hit with & new name for an old one.” “I honor my -ancestors,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “but not so much as to favor going into battle with the same kind of weapons they used.” “De biggest winnin’ you kin make in a crap game,” said Uncle Eben, “ain’ gineter square you if you gambles away a good job.” i full confidence that her labors would | soon be effective in the full enfranchise- ment of her sex. Not only in the field of suffrage was Miss Anthcny active. She strove for other objects, for equal- ——— Warden's Car Stolen. From the Dasten Daily News. With robbers breaking into a South that it is now doing, that there is real | member her as she was st the height| Early gardening seems inevitable. | | l less than sheer BY CHBARLES E. TRACEWELL. Warm days, following cold ones, or warps days follow! arm ones, alike call the gardener into bis ‘There seexs to be no escaping the urge to dig in the soil, although the mind tells one that it is much too early to begin. Too soon to begin work in earnest, perhaps, but not too early to do certain nect tasks. u”t’k’:ydqrn of warmth in the air is enough to make the tasks pleasant, they might as well be done as not. Of course, the exact temperature at which garden tasks become pleasant will not be the same for all pe : Hardy souls revel in sleet and frost. Nothing delights them more than to put on stout shoes, an old thick sweater and an old hat, and to sally forth with chilled fingers to dig in the garden. Still others demand the air to be at least 60 degrees before they get any real pleasure out of gardening. Another group must have a tempera- ture of 70 degrees. ‘Then they come forth, eargerly snuffing the air and pawing at the earth. * kK K One thing which can be done now, whether it is cold or warm, is prune the rose bushes. (Not the climbers.) If freezing weather comes, then, nothing will be harmed: after it is over, such wood as is killed may be cut back, thus giving the bush a second pruning. Most people are much too tender with their rose bushes. A rose bush is a shrub, and has all the hardiness of a | shrub. What it does not like is to have its roots disturbed. This is not to say | that rose bushes may not be moved ensily and safely. | They do best. however, when they are left alone. The larger they get, the more they resent being disturbed. If | moving must be done, it should be car- | ried cut while the plant is dormant, or | resting. Pruning & bush is another matter. Rose bushes not only do not mind a | severe pruning, but actually seem to like it. It gives them & chance to start all over again, an opportunity which s | denied most human beings. | Down to the ground, almest, is the | proper way to prune a rose bush. Then | it feels & stirring in its roots to get up into the air again. A sort of vegetative thrill runs through it; warm air and | sun<hine literally pull it up. | It grows. It grows so fast that in a few weeks, a month at most, it is as high as ever, and usually a great deal more bushy, a desirable quality in a bush. After pruning the roses, care should ve taken to refrain from stimulating them by the application of fertilizer of any sort at this tive. Permit Nature to take charge of their growth. which will be slow until real Spring gets in. Then fertilize them. If & heavy fertilizer, such as blood meal, is given a bush at this time, it will stimulate the plant to an unwise growth at the wrong time. If tender leaves bud forth, and then a2 (frost should occur, the plant may be seriously damaged. x oK k% Trees and evergreens may be topped now. Topping is an interesting opera- tion which had better nct be done at all unless one uses discretion. What often passes as togpm g” is nothing hutchery. An_evergreen may be topped about one-fifth, if it is of the tall sort. with benefit. Just how much of a tree to take off is a more difficult matter to de- cide. The trouble arises in the common WASHINGTON There 1s no mistaking the determina- | tion of those Democrats who now shape the destinies of the lower branch | of Congress to balance the budget, cost | what it may to do 5o in the way of in- | creased taxes. They have subscribed " | plication of agricultural lime several |in until another week or so goes by. If '1932 in these parts. OBSERVATIONS [ , lack of understanding of the immensity, comparatively speaking, of the root sys- tem of a tree. If much of the top of & tree is to be out, & correspol amount of roots should be pruned. The relation of the root growth to the leaf growth is not undesstood at all by many tree “butchers,” as tree lovers insist on calling all those who igmorantly apply the saw and ax. The difficulties of understanding pre- cisely this relationship of root system to leaf system is evident: i is the reason why such work should be left to ex- perts. Topping a tree, if it is to be done scientifically, means a great deal more than cutting off limbs. "It means knowing what limbs to cut off, and how much, especially. Nature will “top” many a tree, if left alone, by the agency of her winds. Dur- ing the heaviest windstorm of last Summer we saw this natural surgery applied to & Normandy poplar. These straight trees do s tremendous smount of bending in a lively wind. This ticular specimen _evidently was weak at the top. On ome of its grand bows to Mother Earth the whole top, about 15 feet of tree, came out, and plunged downward. It was as neat & Jjob of topping as one would want to see. X% The time is exactly right for begin- ning on the lawn, doing the preliminary work to bring recalcitrant grass beck into condition, Despite the hue and cry which was raised against the ap- years ago, there remains a great deal to be said for the process. Lime does sweeten the soil, and help the prevention of mos and other indi- cators of so-called sour soil. If ome has a vard where the grass has not done as well as it might, and wants to do some- thing about it, now is the time to spread lime. This must be lime espe- clally prepared for the purpose. It should show an analysis of around 55 per cent of oxide of calcium and 10 per cent oxide of magnesium. A rain or two will take it completely into the ground. Nothing further should be done for two or three weeks. Then a liberal application of some good fertilizer should be made. Directions should be- followed carefully as to quan- tities per square foot. Most people apply too little rather than too much. Fertilizer costs money. of course. Fresh grass seed should Dot be put two weeks is granted, this brings the sowing of new grass seed around March , which is early enough. Seed may be sown at any time, of | course, but if the weather dues not stay warm it will not germinate, but simply will lie in tke soil until Spring actually is at hand. The longer grass seed lies ungerminated. the more opportunity the birds have of getiing it. | Perhaps one-fifth of al} grass seed | sown is gobbled up by the birds, anv- way. If it is sown at this thne. and lies a month before sprouting. the birds may get away with as much as 50 per cent. " Of course, if obe wants to feed the little fellows expensive grass seed, that is all right. They surely enjoy it! Freedom from bird depredations is | one of the best reasons for Fall plant- ing of grass seed. Every time we pass | by the Bureau cf Standards and see | that wonderful stand of grass they got last Autumn, we resolve to plant gras- | seed only in the Fall. But when Spring arrives, we get out the old seed bag_just the same. The Burean cut its Fall- | sown grass the other dav. and that is probably the first grass cutting job of | ‘With the promotion of Arthur A. Bal-| lautine to be Undersecretary of the Treasury, there is much sepculation 25 to who will be named to fill Ballan- tne's place as Ascistant Secretiry. In this connection ti:e name of Alexande: | W. Gregg is heard. While he is rated | a Democrat, he has never been active | Hoover. unreservedly to the proposition that a |in politics and his exceptional experi- balanced budget is the corner stone | ence in the Treasury is said to put him | upon which rests employment and in line for the present vacancy if he | cconomic recovery: that without it, all | aspires to it. Although still in his | clse that Congress may do in the Way | early 30s, Mr. Gregg had seven years of relief and emergency aid Will be in of service in the Bureau of Internal | vain. The House Ways and Means |Revenue, of which four yvears were as Committee listened to Secretary Mills | colicitor. He proved an expert in the in executive session last week. Revised |drafting and administration of tax Treasury estimates forecast further |laws. He resigned in 1927 to engage declines in tax revenues and corre- vate practice of law and sponding boosts in deficit. present and ion to act as personal prospective. The Democials voted to torney for former Secretary Mellon | steadily widening gap. ask the Treasury for further recom- | whose protege he is considered to be. mend-tions for new taxes to bridge the * % *x The Democrats | have ideas of their own about various excise taxes, but concluded it was good 1 | Senator Norris of Nebraska, despite his Republican tag, is taking a lively interest in the Democratic pre-idential | 'The Political Mill By G. Gould Liucoln. New Hampshire holds the first presi- dential preferential prima: wot the slightest doubt that President Hoover will have the in: t of the Republicans of that State and a full slate of delegates to the Republican National Convention. That was pretty well settled when Senator George Moses of New Hampshire and other Republican leaders announced _they would run as candidates for delegatc favoring the renomination of the Presi- dent. In this same primary, however, the Democrats are threatening to have with Roosevelt delegaies opposed by Smith delegates. The New Hampshire primary, therefore, promises to bave pational interest. * % * % The New Hampshire primary takes place March 8, and it is followed a week later by the primary in Nerth Dakota. The anti-Hoover Repubiicans who have been support Senator Joseph I France of Mary) expect Mr. France to clean up in that primary. His only opponent for the Republican presiden- tial preference is “Geds.” Coxey, of Coxey's Army fame. President Hoover’s name was not entered in that primary, nor was the name of Senator Hiram Jobnson of California, Progressive Re- publican and strong foe of Mr. Hoover, who has been importuned by the Sena- tors from North Dakota to get into that race. There is much greater interest in the Democratic side of the primary in North Dakota. Gov. Roosevelt of New York is entered and so is “Alfalfa” Bill Murray, Governor of Oklahoma. Gov. Murray has been mentioned as the candidate of the prairie States of the West, the brand that will set the national convention afire. Murray i3 going to North Dakota to campaign in his own interests, according to reports, and will deliver stx addresses there. How much impression he can make on the voters remains to be seen. With Do contest in the Republican side arousing interest, there is little to pre- vent a lot of the Republican Progres- sives in that State from slipping over to vote in the Democretic primary. Roosevelt Lad the jump in the Dem cratic primary, and his name will ca; welght out there. On the other hand. some of the supporters of Al Smith may fgel justified in taking a crack at the New York Governor by voting for | Gov. Murray in the North Dakota primary. Smith's name would have been entered in the primary, accord- ing to aispatches, if a snowstorm hagz not prevented his friends arriving on time in the State capital to file the necessary petitions. * x % % The France supporters for the Repub- lican presidential ncmin tion say they can make heacway in Dli as in North Dakota, and they a ing Senator France in the primary there, which takes place in April. They are talking, too, about going into New Jersey primary for delegates op- posed to President Hoover, and into South Dakota and Oregon and other States. where thev believe they may find Republican facticns opposed to Mr. In lilinois, they say, France will have the support of one group favoring a gubernatorial nominee, but they are not saving at present which candidate. All the filings for cand dates and delegates must be completed Illinois by February 22. The France people hope to take advantage there of a factional row among the Repub- licans. When it comes to voting in the Republican National Convention. how- ever, there is little chance that the Illino:s delegation will be found voting for France and against President Hoover. Up in New Jersey, the Reputk ican leaders have cefinitely deiermunce hat they are going to take a Hoover delegation to the National Conienion, notwithstanding tiie fa-t that the: o will press for a wvet plank in the Ri publican national pla‘form. *x xx Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt of New | York, unless all signs fail, will have to make a momentous decision within the next few days which will have material bearing op his candidacy for the Demo- cratic nomination for President. Sheriff Thomas M. Farley of New York, a Tam- many leader, has been recommended to him for dismissal by the Legislative In- vestigating Committee and its crusading counsel, Judge Samuel Seabury, an in- dependent Demograt. There is to be a public hearing in the case at the Gov- ernor’s office in Albany tomorrow. Far- lev has been chaiged wiih irregularities nd the amassing of a large fortune while in cffice. Unless Farley can mak. a good showing in the ‘coming publi* hearing it looks as thouca he would Dbave to go. Gov. Roosevell could scarce- ly afford to hold on to him, even to please Tammany. His presidential stock ry. There is in | Expert researchers, who can get you any information on any subject, are at your command, without charge to you. A two-cent stamp will bring you a per- sonal |may make. Thousands of newspaper readers use this great service. Try it to- H.|day. Make your inquiry easily read and easily understood, and address The Washington Star Information Bureau, E‘redel;lc CJ Haskin, Director, Washing- on, D. C. | Q. What sports require the most \skill>—S. D. F. A A recent poll of sports writers showed a majority of them voting for golf as the game requiring the most skill. Baseba! tennis third. Q. Is there g broadcasting station in Honclulu’>—L. G. A. There are two—KGU and KGMB. Q. How much has immigration fallen off in the last few years?—E. G. A. In 1927 the total was 335,175, while in 1931 the total was 97,139. Q. Where is Tut-ankh-Amen'’s tomb? —J. W. A. The tomb of Tut-ankh-Amend. a king of ancient Egypt, was found in the Valley of the Kings near Thebes, in Egypt. Q If the plane which wcn the i Schneider Cup were converted into a land plane, could it fly faster?—H. V. A. If it were to be converted into a land plane, eliminating its pontoons, there would be much less resistance of the plane and it would be much faster. The difficulty in making a land plane that would be as fast as the Schneider Cup plane is in tbe landing speed. The Sckneider Cup race plane lancs at ap- proximately 115 miles per hour. A land plane could not land at this speed with the fields and facilities which we have today. Q. How are people selected for Who's Who?—N. M. § A. Who's Wko in America says: “The standards of admission to Who's Who in America divide the eligibles into two classes: (1) Those who are selected on account of special prominence in cred- itable lines of effort, making them the {or discussion in this country; and (2) ncse who are arbitrarily included on ccount of official pesition—civil, mili- tary, naval, religious, or educational.” | Q. Were there as many automobiles registered in 1931 as there were in 1930?—P. J. C. A. The number decreased from 26.- 24,000 cars to 25.940.000 | @ why pa's book? i A The amount cf the depocit is credited in the bank-book and the book passed back to the depositor. | Q Why Is George Washington's birtndav celebrated on_February 22, e he was born op February 117— . 8 | A The calendar which was tn effect | when George Washington was born was |moved up eleven days when he was | about 20 years of age. His birth d. ! was thereby changed to February 22. | = Q. Why did the Puritans and Pil- | grims wear such plain cloths?>—D. E. T. | Q. The simplicity of dress of the | Pilerims and Puritans of New England was largely the result of the supersed- | ing of Puritanism as an ideal in Eng- land early in the 17th century. Cloth- ing was stripped of all ornarentation or frivolity and so remained during ‘rom life. The harc: is a bank book called a F W Cut in Cotton Crop Favored i Despite Ruling Against Law Ruling by a Texas court declaring as unconstitutional the law providing for compulscry reduction of cotton crops is as likely to end all efforts to duction by law. It is recog- nized, however, that the emergency still exists and that the remedy will be | fund in voluntary action by banking | intere-ts and business men. | “As was expected by practically e’s person entage of their constituencies, Fort Worth Star-Telegram, te has been declared unconstitu- 1 by the first district judge to re- ceive a ‘tost case’. ‘This is democracy. If we were ed to employ a dic- tator, he might effect a number cf valuable reforns before succumbing to the | nswer to any inquiry of fact you | l was ranked second and | cls of extensive interest, inquiry, | ips endured racing event in Ireland. strategy to make the Republican ad- ministration come forward with further specific tax recommendations. Acting Chairman Crisp, speaking in the House, was greeted with applause when he de- clared “I have burned every bridge behind me. No matter what the poli- tical consequences, I am going to advo- cate the levying of sufficient taxes to balance the budget. We were clected because our fellows had confidence in | us and delegated Us to represent them, | and if we wear the crown must we not also take the thorns?” | » e Homer §. Cumnings of Cennecti- cut, wko was chairman of the Democratic National Committee in 192, and an outstanding McAdoo manager at Macison Square Gar- den in 1924, was in Washington last ' week in busy copference with Rocse- vely leaders. Mr. Cummings hastened to deny the soft impeachment that he was by the way of becoming the gen- eralissimo of the Roosevelt pre-conven- tion campaign. He insisted that he| was but one of the many Democratic | Volugteers who looked upon Roosevelt | as the logical nominee and who were doing everything within their power to insure Rcosevelt’s nomination. In Mr. Cummings’ Washington pow-wows | were seen further signs that the rem-| nants of the old McAdoo organization were gettng together behind Roose- velt. This development. in the ovinion of many observers, will be apt to inten- sify any fight meterializing between Smith and Rocsevelt. * ok x % The assignment of press seats at the Chicago envention 15 no child's play. The Standing Committee of the Capitol Press Galleries, which is charged with this trojam task, has its hands full.| Depression or no depression, there is no| decline in the demand for convention press tickets. Appu?lclflons are pouring in from the four quarters cf the land. | from individual newspapers, large and | small, to say nothing of the large re- quirements of the regular press associa- tions for working seats for their staffs. Seven hundred is the outside limit of available press seats. It may be a little Jess. It is estimated that before the lists close requests for seats will run into the thouands. The committee’s prob- lem is how to satisfy 2,700 applicants with 700 seats. * x % % i “His fellow Virginians are practically unanimous in declaring Harry Flood Byrd the best Virginia Governor since Thomas Jefferson,” acccrding to his publicists. and the General Asszmbly of Virginia, by unanimous resolution, has “offered him to the Nation as presi- dential nominee of the Democratic party.” Furthermore, it appears that Mr. Byrd is a farmer, “the largest in- dependent orchardist in the world”; has a personality as striking as that cf his brother, Admiral Richard E. Byrd, and the same gift of leadership; belongs to no faction of the party and is involved in no entsnglements, political or bis- torical, and since 1928 “has been the leading peacemaker lumn1 various fac- tions cf the national party.” In con- clusion, “Virginians consider Mr. Byre more than just another favorite son. Be that as it may, the former Governor of Virginia conferred with the former ity of rights other than political for | Carolina penitentiary and stealing the American women. correction of injustices in the laws and in practices affecting the economic She worked for the | warden's car, it is high time scmething were dene to keep thieves out ef ’ prison. Governor of New Ycrk last week, whilg from the camp of the present Governor of New York came suggestions that if Roosevelt is nominated Mr. Byrd was | tripped and fell. | ultimate reason and cause for men race. He supported Al Smith in 1928, but does nct want to be compelled to do so again this year. He deplores the recent Smith statement as inimical to Roosevelt's success. Commenting on it. Norris said pithily, “The Democratic | party has a remarkable record for! making & damn fool of ftself at a| crucial time when it has the world | by the tail and a downhill pull.” | ok ok % “Philippine Uncertainty—An Ameri- | can Proglem” is the title of a thick and meaty book just off the press from the pen of Senator Harry B. Hawes of uri. In a foreword to the volume tor Borah says: “Senator Hawes Fas presented the cause of the Philippine people wita thoroughrars, dignity and manifest since He has related the story of how we came ‘nto control of | the Philippines, the promises made and | the ultimate interests of all with clarity and force.” Senator Hawes also re- lates in his book a picturesque incident in which his colleague Key Pittman of Nevada figured while the two were touring the islands. Their auto broke down “near a little Filipino candy store opposite a school and at the hour. Senator Pittman, like all great lawyers, is verv human,” continues the author. “He went into the store, pur- chased sweets and commenced to give the candy ‘away to tae little boys and | girls. Then he dzv a game, of put- ting the candy the ground and | letting the voungst:rs s-ramble for it.| Socn, with his hands full of candy, he ! ‘The children made a | dive for the candy and swarmed cver the Senator.” Senatcr H~wes 2dds that | he got som- excellent still and motion | picturys “of the scene.” | (Copyrigh Americans Are Scored For Using Foreign Ships To the Editor of The Star: What s it that blinds this vast Na- tion in these distressed periods, which leads the majority of us to believe that the outstanding men in the coun- try are “patriotic American? And what, I ask you, may be the such as Ford. Will Rogers and an in- credible rumber of others to claim to be ‘“patriotic American” and turn about, and in above-mentioned respec- tive order charter a Japanese vessel to carry cargo, and (as our good-will am- bassador does) leave the couniry on an English vessel and return to it on a German ship? On January 28 last, at the Natlonal Conference on Merchant Marine. held in the Chamber of C at Wash- ington, I outlined a n for increas- ing patronage of Am flag ships, both passenger and 80, Inx:a It is evident that any org: um-bunded 1o promote American ocean must commence rounding up all the thou- sands of “patriotic Americans” and drag them to the negrest naturalization bureau in a more or less fruitful at- tempt to convince them that there is such a thing as displaying of patrietism, and th;:hittl': : m I;pu acl evem;r: to pre: at Wl one practice. CHARLES A. GREFE. —ee— One-Gun Salutes. Prom the Lynchburg News. out in the country would take a decided | opposition. but even that is doubtful.” | tumble if he did anything that looked ’ The Star-Telegram, nevertheless, main- like acquiescence in corruption in New | tains that “every bit of common sense ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. by the early New England colonists made it necessary for them to adopt simple and praetical ideals of clothing. Q. What is the poem sbout “The lad I used to be"?>—D. A. R A. Tt is “Sometimes,” by T. 8. Jones, jr. *“Across the fields of yesterday He . sometimes comes to me, A little lad just back frgm play—the lad I used to be. And yet he smiles so wistfully, Once he has crept within, I wonder if ‘t’:e hopes to see The man I might have een.” Q. What size turkeys are most sal- | able?—C. P. | A The market demand is for birds weighing an average of 10 pounds dressed. Q. Why do people faint? Does the | heart _stop beating?—M. M. | _A. The United States Public Health | Service says that fainting is a tem- | porary unconsciousness due to a lack of blood in the brain. When persons faint their hearts do not stop beating. Q. What proportion of the revenues of the United States is raised by bor- rowing?—B. I. A. The proportion of public revenue | raiced by taxation and borrowing varies with the times. In peace time the | United States has raised 100 per cent of her revenue by taxes, believing in the theory of paying as you go. During the Wcrld War about 75 per cent was raised by loans and 25 per cent by tax | ation. At one period in the n Listory—from sbout 1830 to 187 siderable revenue was realized from the sale of public lands. The amount so realized now is a small decimal. Q. Is it not a fact that President Chiang of China is & Methodist?— BigP A It is reported that he was tee tized about a year ago under the ause | pices of the Methodist Episcias® | Church, South. Q. Where is Mount Kamet?>—D. B. | A. Mount Kamet is a peak of the Hi- malayas, in the Garhwal District of the | United Provinces in British India— height, 25431 feet. Q. Who was the first dark horse President>—E. S. V. A. James K. Polk. 1In the 1844 Democratic convention, a majority was | instructed for Martin Van Buren, but {not the necessary two-thirds. After ! nine kallots the deadlock was brcken and Polk. not before regarded as a con- tender, was given New Ycrk's vcte. State after State swung over until P-lk on the final ballot, received every vote in the convention. | Q. What kind of marble will be used new building for the United Supreme Court?—A. N. A. The contract calls for an exterior of Verment marble. the use cf Georgia marble in the courtyards. while the in- terior will be mostiy Alabama marble. Some foreign marble will be used in the court room. Q. How much is spent for books and paxphlets in the United States in a year?—W. H. P. A. Approximately $180,000,000. _ Q When were taxes first mentioned in history’—H. O. B A. Taxes are mentioned in history almost as early as history exists. One of the first books of the Bible de- seribes involuntary offerings, which were a form of taxation. Q. Is there an Irish Derby?—W. K. A. There is such a race. It is run at Curragh. in June. It is an important h n | special cotton session. The Record hopes not; it belfeves that even South | Carolina legislators ought not to be taken in by the same joke twice—in one vear.” 5 * % = | _The decision, in the Charlctte Observer fate of the South C: Observer continues ers are afraid {o u planting. for if tk t they may be deprived of crecit. The head of the Texcs Co-Operative Cotton Association gives warning that the bani vith= | hold credits from any farmer who, feel- |ing released from bondage by the unconstitutionality of the law, should plant as many acres as he may please.” The Szn Antonio Evening News adcs: “If the farmer desires credit, he should be willing to keep production within « bound noon |side the keynoier probably will York City. But if he ousts Farley, where does it leave him with Tammany Hall? His friends argue that John F. Curry. the Temmany_leader, is no fool, and that if Gov. Roosevelt can show that he has great strength out in the coun- try Curry will deliver the Tammany delegates to Roosevelt when the Demo- cratic National Convention rolls round. Roosevelt’s handling of this Farley case s gding to be watched with the keenest interest. Already predictions are being made that Farley's official head will fall in the basket. * % x % Plans for the Republizan and Demo cratic national convéntions are being whipped into shape. The Committecs on Arrangements are looking over the field with an eye to selecting both tem- porary and permanent chairmen cf these conventions. The temporary chairman is the “keynote” speaker. so called. He is expected to rouse the convention to enthusiasm; to set the pace, so to speak. On the Repubhc%: selected. or at least will have the seal of approval of President Hoover when he is chesen. Just what the Democrats are going to do is more difficult to de- termine. ‘glll they pick a keyncter wha leans to Smith or to Rcosevelt. to Ritchie or to Baker? C:in they find a man who is entircly neutral who alsg is an outstanding figure in the Demograiic party? That may turn out to be quite a jcb for the Democratic Committee on Arrangements. However, Keynoters at nationel conventions rarely nominate candidates. It is unlikely that any ma who is considered a candidate for Pres dent, active or recepiive, will be put forward as a keynote speaker. The Re- publicans may have to give consid- eration to the leanings of their keynoter toward or away from national prohibi- tion. ?ut. &s_has been said, the key- noter of the Repub'icans must first of all be acceptable to Mr. Hoover. Already there has been talk about varfous Democrztic Senators, Governors and the like, in connection with ihe cffices of temporary and permanent chairmen of the Democratic national convention. within the vast area of the ‘cotton belt’ of the S-uthern States cries out insist- Iy against more ‘tco much’ cotton at end of the present crop season.” | . “The court.” according to the Atlanta Journal, “has refused to sacrifice a bul- wark of human liberty for a makeshift (of feverish politics.” ~ That paper also comments: “The probability is that comron sense and necessity werking through the channels of credit, | will materially reduce the planting of cotton this sill’ms.’_ but that will be quite different. in a matter like this, m the State’s dictating to the thou- 1ds of farmers in Texas. regardless of ir diverse conditions. what they shall and shall not do with their land. When the growers, the bankers and the merchants in a particular county or district come together for free discus- i slon of plans for the 1932 crop, they jcan make adjustments suited to local {and individual needs: but a blanket ‘lnw imposing upon all farmers. all fields and all problexs the same absolute pro- | hibition would be. in tke nature cf | things. no less foolish than tyrannous | Bven if it were judicially sustained, it | would be practically impossible.” { * x x “Similar test cases probably will be brought in all States having such laws.” thinks the Pasadena Star-News, with the canclusion as to this form of legis- latizn: “The attempt to curtail produc- jtion of any given crop by legislative decree is an innovation. Should it suc- ceed. the same course might be at- (tempted in othgr crops which are overproduced — wheat or other farm staples. While the benefits derivable from restricted production of certain craps cannot be denied, vet it is a serious matter indeed to sav by law to farmers, you may plant just so much { of this crop, and no more. This comes { very. close to being a violation of the spirit of the Bill of Rights.” “Cotton production in the cotton- growing States,” in the opinion of th Columbia Record, “ought tp be cu: | tailed, t curtailed by other legislative means.” IThe Record states that in the Texas |case “the county attorney plans to ap- Senator “Joe” Robinson ' Peal. but while the appealing is going | <o that he may expect to sell his cotton at a profit. 'His own inter- ests dictate such a course.” Tie Manufacturers’ Record of Balti- more concludes as to the merits of the current campaign: “Production control by law, with the idea of governing prices in a world commodity such as cotton, has failed wherever it has been tried. Cotton is grown on credit. Based on the carry-over and present prices, reduced production this season is necessary if the farmers are to receive a profit Therefore. upon Southern bankers and merchants who supply this credit rests the responsibility of guid- ing the farxers in their plans fcr the coming crop. Cotton and tobacco grow- ers must plant fewer acres in these crops this vear. They must raise more food and feed for home consumption; this point needs to be iterated and re- iterated.” Constitution Cited On Repeal Question To the Editor of The Star* Certain members of the Senate and House are urging trat it is the duty and obligation of Congress to submit to the States an amendment repealing the present eighteenth amendment to the Constitution. One member of the House, whose name is seldom men- tioned without some reference to his eminence as a “constitutional lawyer,"” in a recent radio address, as I under- stood it, strongly affirmed that position. He admitted that Congress was not bound to act unless the proposal was backed by a considerable body of pub- | lic sentiment, but held that in this case [ the backing is ample. Article V of the Constitution. con- tainipg the amending provisions, be- sipa as follows: | ‘“The Congress, whenever two-thirds {of both houses shall deem it necessary, | shall propose amendments to this Con- | stitution.” 5 Possibly it would be maintained that of Arkansas would be a fine keynoter 0D cotton may be planted. Before the | o noress” must “deem it necessary’” cr permanent chairman. Robinson may well be a candidate for the presidential nomination himself. Mention has been m1de, too, of Senatcr | Appeals, the second step the Texas Lewis of Illinois, as nd witly @ speaker as may found In the Democratic convention. But he, too, will be the candidate of his State delegation for the presiden- tia] nomination, it is understood, which would appear to remave him as & pos- sibility for these presiding offices at the convention. Former Senafcr Peter Goelet Gerry of Rhede Island has been suggested as & proper anent chair- man of the Demncratic national con- vention, along with a number of other prominent Democrzis. 5% 5 The gloom of the Republicans seems to be lightgning. In the first pizce they are tickled with the Democratic 10w over the presidential nomination. In the second gllce, they believe the Democrats havé overdane their at- tempts to deride and smear Presiden® Hoover. and that a reaction is setting t them out in the country. 1y in insf bl d pla A lot of ntulmmwagd'gu:t dp:g.fiwlr g:or- y regarded for second place cn& of ml.fl . &“h%- e |can be picked and ginned. The first I step in appeal is to the Court of Civil Supreme Court, and the third the United States Sypreme Court. And |mere is a federal question involved; any googd lawyer can find a federal question {in a case.” The Record offers a review |of ‘the cotton reduction campaigns to | the present time: “Mississippi’s curtail- |nent law is dead: Louisiana’s is re- | pealed; Texas' tied up in caurt; but 'South Carolina still experiments with the idea. On the Housé calencar is a b1l committing South Carclina to the Texas plon, It may be that South Carolina's legislatcrs learned ncthing | from their special session, and that this "bill, a dead bil, ‘null and vold,’ will be passed to supglam the dead cotton pro- kibition act that was the product of the gram for relieving the business depres- cion will have a permanent effect on conditions in this country. With any zind of a break they figure that the g;\;f"y may yet go Republican next But Senator last appeal may be decided the cotton | {hen so many are making the demand, but let us examine the succeeding pro- vision of Article V: “Or, on the application of the Legis- | 1atures of two-thirds of the several | States. shall call a convention for pro- | posing amendments.” etc. Here, of course, it is clear that the act of Congress in calling a convention is ministerial, and its members have no option, whatever their personal views, but it is equally apparent that the members of the Legislatures of the States are under no such compulsion; on the contrary, they are permitted to follow their individual views, ar, if bound at all, it would be by the wishes of their constituents. The theary that a Legislature must abdicate in favor of a popular vote is | also negatived by the provisions for amending State constitutions. A com- mon requirement is that a proposed amendment shall pass two, successive | Legislatures before being submitted to | the people. ’ | The danger in a_referendum at sich | a time as this is %hat the framers o' lthe Conutitution probably had in mivd. Q V, BUWEL