Evening Star Newspaper, January 17, 1932, Page 10

YTON, ‘'D. C., JANUARY 17, 1932—PART ONE. | Justice Trwin Untermyer dumxs;;ng :ul: | grr;a:{s‘;;d Banca Commerciale Italiana | CAP|TAL ADDRESS LEFT THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHIN A—10 ‘1.! all mine.” Hauger's note added he came to Miami 10 days ago to forget NEBULAE []F GEMINI;FOUR DIE, EIGHT HURT {;;fgls;; lo mies southwest of here,| BYRD BACKER WINS PLEA | 300 Lo e orouent | 1S HELD REGEDING Discovery at Mt. Wilson Sets Rate of Speed at 15,000 Miles Per Second. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. Observations of two or “island rses tion of are ing appr. mate nd, were rough the Carnegie Washington E These objects, presumably vast star ystems comparable to the great Milky yay system itself, represent the far- thest reach to date of human observa- tion into outer space. Their speed of recession is approximately 3,000 miles per second greater than that of the most distant nebula previously photo- graphed This latest discovery made by Dr. Milton Humason of the Mount Wilson Observatory adds further confirmation to one of the strangest phenomena ever | observed in the heavens—the cxplana- | spiral neb nnounced here yesterday Institution of Shif’s Delermine Speed. ‘The spe and direction of a lumi- nous object in the heavens can be cal- culated from the shifting of lines in its spectrum. If these lines are shifted toward the red end of the spectrum, it means that the object is moving away from the position of the observer— that is, the earth. If they are shifted toward the blue end, it means that the object is moving toward the earth. The speed of movement in either direcfion can be determined from the extent of the shift Three years ago Dr. Humanson and his colleague, Dr. Edwin Hubble, made the astonishing discovery that, provided the “shift” phenomenon was a reliable criterian, the island universes were moving outward at enormous speeds and that the greater the distance the greater the speed. This was found to hold good for all those nebulae whose distance could be calculated by inde- pendent methods, such as observations of variable stars which could be de- tected on photographs of the “island universes.” Last Summer the observa- tions were carried approximately four times farther into outer space by the development of the method of calcu- lating the distance of nebulae by their luminosity. This gave a check on those great star clusters so far removed that there was no hope of detecting in them any variables or clusters of variables. Results of Observations. The distances are so vast that the results are given in parsecs. A parsec is epproximatelv 19,000,000,000,000 miles. Here are the results to date on the observations of the most distant nebulae A group of about 150 nebulae in the conctallation Cancer; distance about 9,000,000 parsccs; speed outwards, 2,900 miles & second A group of about 500 nebulae in the constellation Pegasus; distance about 11.000,000 parsecs; speed outwards, 3,- 200 miles a second. A group of about 800 nebulae in the constellation Coma; distance about 14,000,000 parsecs; speed outwards, 4,600 miles a second A group of about 300 nebulae in the constellation Ursa Major; distance about 22,000,000 parsecs; speed about %,300 miles a second A group of sbout 300 nebulae in the constellation Leo; distance about 32,- 000,000 parsecs: speed outward about 12,000 miles a second. Speed Has Increased. ‘The discovery announced today car- ries the observations to a distance of about 45,000,000 parsecs. This is ap- proximately 135,000,000 light years, or the distance that light traveling ap- proximately 186,000 miles a second would come in that length of time. ‘With this increase in distance the out- ward speed has increased approximate- 1y 3,000 miles a second. Thus the speed outward is seen to increase about 1,000 miles a second for each 4,000,000 parsecs. Humanson and Hubble in describing this phenomenon have stressed that, so far as they know, the increasingly great outward velocities are only apparent and they have no means of stating positively that this strange phenomenon actually is a physical reality in the cistant’ heavens. They make no effort to interpret what it means if it is a reality rather than an illusion in some way inherent in observations over such vast distances. The two observers express confidence, however, that the same uncanny rela- tionship of outward speed and dis- tance, which seems on the surface to indicate that all creation is under- going a gigantic explosion, will hold good when it becomes instrumentally possible to extend the observations to still more distant objects with the pho- tographic eye of the telescope. Theoretically they have calculated the relationship out to a distance of 108,000,000 parsecs and an outward velocity of about 37,000 miles a second. Exploding Universe. The theory of the exploding universe has been advanced especially by Prof Wi'helm De Sitter, celebrated Dutch mathen x o now is conferring with Mount Wilson estronomers in Pasadena. It also is the theory of the famous British astronomer, Sir James Jeans, who spent much of last Winter in Pasadena, largely because of the sen- sational discoveries of Hubble and Humanson. According to this theory the solar system, the Milky Way galaxy, or any unit of creation is speeding through space like a fragment of an explod- ing shell. Others have advanced the theory that the recession -speed is only apparer.t, due to the structure of space. This has been plication, up to the present, of the Einstein theory. It is largely for the purpose of reconciling his cosmology with this recession speed that Prof. Einst is in Pasadena. Because of the popularity in India of second-hand clothing from America many an Indian laborer, whose daily pay is 18 cents wearing a morning coat STOPS ", Piles! Itching From Don’t put up with painful piles an- other day—or hour. There is posi- tive relief, very often, for the very (worst case. Pyramid suppositories are designed to stop the pain—and even all itching. Relief comes quick- ly. The first application will bring you much comfort and ease. Try them today. Remem- TRIAL SIZE| her the name. Just FREE | sav Pyramid Suppos- itories to any drug- MailCoupon] gist; 60 cents. 1544 PYRAMID DRUG CO. Pyramid Bldg., Marshall, Mich. Please send me & FREE tri of Pyramid suppositories. Name... Address.... City.... AS TRAIN HITS AUTO | train. thi The automobile, with many of the Car | OCCupants imprisoned in the wreckage, was carried 150 yards down the tracks and burst into flames. The dead are: 1 Arthur Woodbeck, 30, of Addison; | By the Associated Press. Harold Stamford, 27, of Tuscarora, and | CORNING, N. Y., January 16.—Two |two of Woodbeck's children, Elthea, 4, men and two children were killed and | and Floyd, 8. eight others injured, at least three of‘ Mrs. Ruth Woodbeck, wife of the dead them critically, early today when their crowded sedan, in which they were re- turning from a farm dance, crashed through the railroad crossing gates in Three Near Death After Crashes Past Gates Onto Railroad Tracks at Addison, N. Y. Harry, 2, and Arthur, jr, 5, are in Corning Hospital, with™ severe body burns and possible internal injuries IN $25,000,000 BATTLE Bob's Claim That He Was De- frauded of Huge Fortune Is Re- instated by Appellate Court. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, January 16—The ap- pellate division of the Supreme Coul‘l‘H € y ted the lication of |Louis P. Jubien, Walter e ok it eorge L. Johnson, Robert S. McClel-| J. P. Ronaghan, T. B. Barber, T. F. Cole, Floyd de L. Brown, G. Maurice | ground cleared for the cultivation Of‘ Court | Heckscher, Morris Talbot, Louis Freud- | food products. blame “the other woman, but the fault man, and two more of their children, | Charles V. Bob, banker, stock broker, | G and a backer of Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd's Antarctic expedition, for a| reversal of an order of Supreme against August Heckscher and others. | The appellate division ordered the acton reinstated Bob charged that while he was ab- sent from the city the defendants formed a conspiracy to defraud him of Cuban Prisoners Freed. HAVANA, January 16 (#).—About 100 prisoners taken ih the rebellion of last August were liberated yesterday | under the general amnesty order which ! “Blame All Mine, Not Other Wom- Says Note, Explaining profits which he might have made a5 President Machado signed Thursday. | a result of an agreement he had made | They were the last of the men im- | e L8 with them. The defendants, in additian to Mr. eckscher, are Gecrge F. Thompson, J. Mellody, Act to Wife. prisoned for political offenses in con- nection with that revolt. MIAMI, Fla, East Indies are being felled and the | here today by inhaling gas. January 16.—A man identified as Ludwig Leon Hauger, 50 years old, said to be a former restaurant Many rubber trees in the Netherland | owner in Washington, committed sulcide He left a note saying his wife would | his troubles, but had been robbed of BY SUICIDE IN FLORIDA | mest of his money. He asked that his body be cremated and that his posses sions be sent to his wife. Hauger's name is not listed in the | Washington directory and his wife coula | not be located. Washington police were not notified of his death. - - A direct saving of $12,500 in lighting and heating is expected as a result of the new hours in London’s elementary schools, the afternoon session now commencing at 1:30 o'clock, while the lower grades will be dismissed at 3:30 and the upper at 4. ome ... Shop ... Compare... and Be SPECIAL! $1.29 Metal Smoker $69.00 Living Three smart pieces—well constructed. holstered in jacquard. 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