Evening Star Newspaper, November 29, 1931, Page 36

5 THE EVENING STAR “With Sundsy Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. BUNDAY.....November 20, 1931 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star N . Compan ‘I\ulnme;rw pany Rate by Carrier Within the City. e Evening Star.. . .45¢ per month e Evening and Sunday Siar “60c per month when The Sunday Star ... .. Collection made at’ the end of ea Orders may be sent in by mail 0 NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dally and Sunday.....1yr. $10.00: 1 mo. 85 Datly only 15, 18 iy, onl 00: 1 mo.. 80¢ Bunday only "] $4.00; 1 mo’, 40¢ i iy All Other States and Canada, Dajfy 824, Sunday...13r.$1200: 1 mo. 81,00 Dalfly only 1y s8.00: 1 Mo, 73c Bunday only . 1y, $5.00: 1mo. B80c Member of the Associated Press. Tre Associated Pres® is exclus entitled o the use for republication of WS dis- mtches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and aiso tie local news lished herein. Al rights of publization of ial cispatches herein are also reserved. i e Conditions in Prince Georges. Recent developments again empha- size the unique problem faced by the good citizens of Princes Georges Coun- ty in providing themselves with ade- c:ate police protection, and it is not in the spirit of criticism that some of the aspects of this problem can be pointed out. A nasty murder and a gun battle that has left several of the wounded in hospitals occurred within the past week at a “tea house” operated on land adjacent to a high school, and the investigation of that affair throws light on the true nature of this estab- lishment and becomes an indictment, of a sort, against officials of the county who permitted its operation. The con- viction of a notorious gambler, whose establishment in Prince Georges County was apparently known for years by everybody except the law enforcement officers, ralses the embarrassing ques- tion of how this gambler could have reaped the rich rewards of his illegal pursuits and escaped every penalty ex- cept that provided for Federal tax dodgers. Federal officers recently de- cended on a resort in the county that evidently enjoyed Wide patronage from liquor-buying Washingtonians. There are vice dens, gambling estab- lishments and speakeasies in Washing- ton. Those who live in the Districtcan- not afford to throw stones at Prince Georges. The citizens of the county are able to take care of their own house- cleaning once the need for it becomes apparent. And the nature of develop- ments indicates that if the need has not become apparent already it soon will. Prince Georges has become & pop- ' ulous suburban community. It iavites home-loving, substantial citizens, but , offers inducements to others as well. It les adjacent to the District of Co- lumbia, across a line that more sharp- ly divides law jurisdiction than the usual boundaries between city and suburbs. Its area is more than four times that of the District, its popula- tion is one-eighth of the populstion of the District. Yet it depends upon po- lice 'protection from a force of only eleven uniformed county officers, & group of constables and the sheriff, with & number of deputies that varies. Its uniformed police force is less than half as large as that of neighboring Montgomery County, which is smaller in population. There is friction be- tween the sheriff’s office and the uni- formed county police that is openly acknowledged and a lack of co-cpera- tion that is generally deplored. The commission of any important crime within the county boundaries means that the investigation must be turned over to other agencies or left to be in- sdequately performed. It is not believed that the conditions now existing reflect any approving sentiment among the citizens and tax- publ! Epec! | the 1adtes with memtfluous fitm names and the handsome gentlemen playing opposite them and demanded better rather than more costly films. A change occurred in film finances when the talkies replaced the silent pictures, with numerous shifts of personnel as the vocal accomplishments of the old-time favorites proved inadequate for sound reproduction. Still there was some ad- vertisement of big sums, especially those paid to authors. Not long ago a well known British writer rang the bell, as it were, with an engagement at a sum well over $100,000 for services at Holly- wood which consisted of sitting around waiting for some one to do something | with his fiction, which was never done. This bit of extravagance brought the the pruning knife is being applied, as the Hollywood dispatch reveals. ested at present in what the films cost. 1t does, however, want better films, more originality, less repetition of thread- bare schemes, better acting and, despite the continuance of a certain percentage of favor shown to libidnous productions, cleaner and more wholesome entertain- ment on the screen. Salary cuts in the studios may not in themselves effect these improvements, but that is a mat- ter that concerns the stockholders. If, with a lower pay scale, the studios can turn out better screen stuff, the public will rejoice at the economy. ———— The Christmas Seals. The sale of Christmas seals for the benefit of the organized forces fighting the spread of tuberculosis long since reached the desirable status of an ac- cepted custom. Washington has always responded generously to the appeal that is voiced through these cheerful re- minders of the season, so easily utilized to spread greetings and at the same time doing their part to furnish the hard cash necessary to carry of the praiseworthy work of the Tuberculosis Association. Last year Washington's sale per capita was next to the highest in any city of the Nation, and the reve- nue ylelded from this source was ap- proximately $43,000. The Tuberculosis Association relles chiefly on the sale of these seals to carry forward its work. ‘This year it is hoped to realize $50,000 from the seal sales to support an en- larged program. The Tuberculosis As- soclation wishes to broaden the work of the children’s clinic, now held two half-days a week, It hopes to increase the scope of the service of the work- ers who follow up the cases reported through the Health Department. It hopes to take the step demanded by the increasing number of applicants and establish a Summer camp for chil- dren that will take care of all those who seek admission, moving the camp from its present congested quarters at Fourteenth and Upshur streets to a site in the country, and it hopes to extend the work of visitation, advice and help among the colored. These aft tangible parts of a pro- gram, the success of which depends upon a generous response to the silent appeal of the little green stickers. Your purchase of these seals, their use on packages and letters, will guarantee the success that the Tuberculosis Associa- tion deserves. There are other steps in the pro- gram that are more dependent upon legislation and the support of the com- munity through increased appropria- tions of public funds—one of these be- ing the acquisition of enlarged facil- ities for the care of adult patients at the Tuberculosis Hospital. It is an old axiom in the fight against tuber- culosis that the number of hospital beds for patients should at least equal matter of film costs to a head, and now | The public is not particularly inter- | the number of deaths. In Washington there are only 230 beds available, thirty of these being in temporary quarters at Gallinger, The deaths from tubercu- losis reported last year totaled 570, and it is probable that there were others not so classified. While the money has been appro- priated, the land bought and plans drawn for the children’s sanitarium, which would fill such & long felt need in Washington, bids on this project are payers. The difficulty lies in the fact that the county, with an organization for self-government that suburban de- velopment has made archaic, has been slow to undertake changes. Nearby Arlington County has decided to substi- tute centralized authority for the out- worn county machinery. Montgomery County has enlarged its police force and by legislation removed the possibil- ity of jurisdictional disputes between the police and the sheriff. Prince Georges County citizens must soon face the choice between becoming a relative- 1y safe gathering place for undesirables, or undertake the necessary reforms that will be in keeping with its po- tential development as a fine suburban community. oo When some kittenish dowager orders one of the new “skin-tight” frocks she does not mean what she says. ‘What she really is after is something & bit tighter. ———————— It appears that ‘“coerced” money is enjoying the unsavory status in these parts that was a feature of the “tainted money” of & couple of decades ago. ————— Cutting the Hollywood Scale. From Hollywood comes & report that & conference of motion picture pro- ducers and distributors in progress there is considering the application of @ twenty per cent cut in the pay of high-priced film stars and directors. It is stated that the officials have virtually agreed to such a reduction in all thé fesger atudios, notwithstanding the ex- istence of contracts. This economy is understood as necessary to keep the in- dustry. out of the “red.” No report comes of the reaction of the film fa- wvorites to this proposed reduction of pay. It is likely, however, that there will be no strike. For some time past the film industry has been in financial difficulties. Pat; ronage has lessened somewhat within the prevalence of the depression; there have been some costly failures of ex- pensive productions to draw audiences; the banker element, which now controls the industry to a great extent, .has de- manded that the business be brought down to the basis of balanced budgets. Some years ago much was made of yet to be advertised. It is hoped that developments at the coming session of Congress will make up for the un- pardonable delay thus far encountered at the District Bullding. ———— Another dance marathon is to start here December 3. It is wondered why the promoters did not wait until after the first of the year and call their grind the Bicentennial Marathon. ———————— ‘The statement is made that there is living a jeweler who can repair a watch blindfolded. It will be the con- viction of some that he is the very man who fixed their timepieces. —en. Foot Ball Still Supreme. ‘With yesterday's foot ball games, the regular gridiron season of 1931 comes to a close. For sweet charity’s sake there will be a few other contests, not- ably the Army-Navy clash in New York on December 12, and some intersec- tional games on the Pacific Coast dur- ing the approaching holidays. But public interest in foot ball is generally over for this year. The course of the season just ended was observed with more than ordinary interest, and not without concern, by lovers of America’s greatest sport. University officials, the Car- college | negie Foundation, athletic authorities and others showed signs of viewing with alarm the “semi-professionalized racket,” as college foot ball recently was irrev- crently described by a Columbia campus paper. The fear was taking Toot that the game was doomed to fall into irre- weight of its vast popularity, with the emphasis laid upon huge ‘“gates” of 65,000 and upward and the commer- clalism seen as inseparable from admis- sion receipts running into the hundreds of thowsands.of dollars per game. But the test of whether foot ball is wanted by the public lies in its invinci- ble drawing power. With all its “semi- professionalism,” if by that is meant the acme of perfection which many teams achieve, the sport has been kept clean. That accounts in large meas- ure for the people’s love of foot ball. They feel that it is played by splendidly trained young Americans in a spirit of laudable ambition to extel, but inspired the lavish salaries paid to film perform- ers. The publicity promoters of the industry exploited the princely stipends paid to studio leaders. Then the public grew rather impatient. It became less | h’&‘fi‘ in the personal fortunes of always by the desire to do so only by fair means. The roughneck in the line of scrimmage or the backfield nowadays is detected almost as speedily by the crowds in the stands as by the umpires on the gridiron, and the way of such trievable disrepute through the sheer | THE SUNDAY STAR, transgressors is invariaby hard. The ! Bronx cheer is his unfailing lot. The public wants its foot bali, but wants it right. The 1931 season has had its full share of upsets; and these make for foot ball's permanence in popular affection. It is not well that a team should mount into the invincible class. The honors and glories of foot ball should never be- come the monopoly of any one college. All the world likes a winner, but it likes a winner who loses occasionally, |too. Live and let live is a good rule | for the gridiron, as in the less thrilling | walks of life. o The Treasonable Alfonso. Safe in the recesses of comfortable lexile in the aristocratic environs of | Paris, Don Alfonso de Bourbon, former King of Spain, is probably not worried |over recent events in the Constituent Assembly at Madrid. Charged before that republican body with high treason, the deposed monarch was declared out- |lawed and banished. Thus the hapless Alfonso joins the long-dead Charles Stuart of England and Louis Capet of France as the third once all-powerful Western European sovereign to be found guilty by a revo- lutionary government. Alfonso lives in more modern times, else the execution- er's block or the guillotine might today be his lot instead of merely an indefi- nite sentence of remorseful isolation from the land and people over which he formerly held sway. Alfonso XII is denied the poor solace of reflecting that he was con- victed cf treason by a divided house in which were many friends. The vote against him was by acclamation. It was delivered after & lone dramatic protest. by the aged and once influen- tial Count de Romanohes, who, as the Associated Press picturesquely narrates, forty years ago dandled the baby Bourbon on his knee at Escorial Palace. The loyal old courtier’s plea that the discredited ruler never forced his min- isters to sign decrees was ineffective. The polo-playing, pleasure-loving King had numercus agreeable sides. His love of Spain was proverbial and no doubt genuine. But as the rising tide of democracy rolled in upon his country, Alfonso proved too weak to resist the archaic pretensions of the army, the nobility and the state church. As a result he missed his opportunity to identify himself with the new aspirations of the Spanish people and went the way of all men— royal or otherwise—who are blind be- cause they will not see. ————————— Ohio State University educators de- clare that too large an amount of time is wasted by pupils in walking to and from blackboards. No one seems to come forward with any suggestion for WASHINGTON, D. C, NOVEMBER 29, 1931—PART TWO. A SAD OMISSION BY THE RIGHT RE) ' Text, Ephesians, 11.12. We read recently from the pen of & giited woman the following criticism of a certain new book that graphically told the story of the ways, habits and devotional life of little children. “A great many children today are brought up without ever hearing of God. Mine among them.” The contention of the writer was, “To introduce a small child to the idea ®f an omnipotent Father may easily rob him of his self-depend- ence.” We confess that such a statement suggests a tragic and lamentable situa- Looking back over my own life, I find among my earliest recollection: and indeed among the choicest treas ures of memory, the training my moth- | er gave me in the plastic days of my youth, and in this training nothing | stands out more conspicuously thale, the simple way in which she gave me my_first impressions of a Heavenly Father, of His directing and protecting care. This, coupled with the cultiva- tion of a rational and sane devotional practice, has contributed mightily, not only to the deepening of a truly religious spirit, but in giving me a right out- look upon life. I can readily conceive that there are. some fathers and mothers who might employ doubtful methods in training their children to think of life as being under the supervising care of God; I can also concelve that there are those who would give to a child false con- ceptions of the pul and value of yyer. On the other hand, judging rom personal experience and observa- tion, I bear testimony to the fact that some of the strongest, finest and most truly effective lives I have come in contact with have had a background of training in the ways of religion that lent to their characters a richness and a power that were irresistible. One is led to wonder what substitutes in the way of moral and ethical training are V. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D., LL. D., Bishep of Washington. that were given to mankind by Jesus Christ. It is one thing to say that to give a child an idea of the sovereignty of God robs him of the sense of self- dependence; it is_quite another thing to so exaggerate his sense of self-de- pendence that he is no longer conscious of the need of that direction and in- spiration which inevitably proceed from reliance upon & superior power, We wonder whether those who are | neglecting the elements that contribute ; to the enrichment of character would like to have their children brought up in communities where there were no institutions that stood for and wit- nessed to high moral and spiritual ideals. What would be the situation in cities large and small if all such in- stitutions~ were abandoned, all those finer and nobler spiritual ideals for which they stand forgotten and where the only incentive to service of any kind was profit and the gratification of selfish desires? There may many defects in our religious institutions, de- fects that are worthy of the most seri- | ous consideration at the present time, | but imperfect as these dnstitutions are they constitute a distinct asset in our social and domestic life, and we are coming more and more to realize that they must be reckoned with in any con- sideration of our political and economic problems. A great modern writer has.sald that “unbelief is vacancy,” and in doing so he suggests a situation that is unin- viting and unappealing. A distin- guished judge in a recent remarkable statement declared that the juvenile crime wave that is sweeping over the country, more pronounced than it has been at any period in our history, is directly traceable to parental neglect of those moral and spiritual values that long experience has proven are indis- pensable to right and wholesome lving. This Nation would be in a bad way and its outlook would be more serious than it is were the homes of the land to being found for those finer conceptions bf God and truth and righteousness ignore or neglect the moral and re- ligious training of the youth. Policies of Representative H. T. Rainey Prospective Democratic House Leader BY WILLIAM HARD. ‘The prospective new floor leader of the Democratic majority in the House of Representatives, Mr. Henry T. Rainey of Illinois, who is a dry, will not lead any effort to prevent the wets from accomplishing a re-submission of the prohibition question to the people. Mr. Rainey's policies on all public questions are a tense topic in Washing- ton at this moment in view of the large influence which he so suddenly is expected to exercise upon legislation in the next Congress. ‘The policies of his fellow Democrat, Mr. John N. Garner of Texas, the next Speaker of the House of Representa- tives, have been widely discussed. In the development of a Democratic party program, however, Mr. Garner will naturally and wisely collect the ideas of his leading Democratic legislative remedying this evil—unless putting all the undergraduates on roller- skates might help, ——————— It has been proved again and again that there positively is no cloud with- out a silver lining. Still operators and bootleggers in Southern Maryland are co-operating to the fullest extent with the State Forestry Service to prevent and to combat forest fires. ——— War looms in the Far East; Congress is about to assemble, and depression and unemployment are rife. Yet, in the minds of millions of Americans the uppermost thought is whether or not some movie queen is really engaged. ————e—— - Our Army and Navy may be shrink- ing here and there and, apparently, likely to shrink still more. But our colleagues. Chief among those colleagues in_the delivering of votes upon roll calls will be Mr. Rainey. The specula- tion then arises: e Toward what purpose will Mr. Rainey tend to organize the majority of which he will be the leader on the House of Representatives floor? Here follows the answer: Prohibition. Mr. Rainey represents one of the driest congressional dis- tricts in the country. He has voted steadily dry. He will continue to do so. He may even vote against any pro- posal for sending a revision of the eighteenth amendment to the States and their electorates. He nevertheless will organize no general fight against such a proposal. He will on this ques- tion go along —with his constituents and willingly let his fellow Congress- | men go along with theirs. (This is an attitude which i& becoming in- creasingly prevalent on Capitol Hill) Depression_relief. Mr., Rainey fears that Federal appropriations for the relief of distress caused by the depres- slon may become necessary. He does Cavalry riders are certainly cleaning up big on the swell horse-show circuit. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Higher Mathematics. ‘The man who walked in wisdom’s way In famous days of yore Remarked, “The fact is plain as day That two and two make four.” But when the figures reached a stake Where billions were involved, Two of them and two more would make A problem still unsolved. The numbers gather line on line In counting revenue. Before twice two as four combine— You've got to get the two. Recelving Instructions. “We are in the midst of & campaign of education,” remarked Senator Sor- ghum. “What makes you think so?” “My daily mail. The letters of ad- vice I'm receiving from numerous con- stituents would indicate an impression that I don't know the A, B, C of poli- tios.” - Impression of Novelty. “What makes you stand there watch- ing me operate this adding machine?” asked the man in the bank. “We have so much music out home,” answered the loiterer, “that it's kind of interesting to see somebody punching a lot of keys around without starting up some kind of a tune.” Seasonal Change, ® The man who in menHacious ways ‘With fishing rods would run A different style of game now plays— He goes out with a gun. A Kindly Attitude. “Have you.any objections to me as a -law?"” asked the young man. * replied Mr. Cumrox. “At pres- ent you're cheerful and companionable and I like you first rate.” ? “Then why not have me in the fam- ly?” “I don’'t want to take a chance on spoiling you. I don't know how you would turn out after mother and the girls had bossed you around for a few years.” Study in Serlousness. not look upon this prospect with en- thusiasm. He will accept it only as being inevitable. He thinks that some of the poorer communities may not be able financially to meet the distress problem. In that case he would favor Federal taxation for the purpose of obliging the richer communities to as- sist the poorer ones. He recoils from such a necessity, but fears it may occur. * K K Kk ‘Taxes. Mr. Rainey anticipates a con- siderable increase in the surtaxes upon large incomes. He is skeptical as to the willingness of the House of Repre- sentatives to enact a sales tax. He would himself vote against it. He thinks that the new taxes adopted will be mainly in the nature of increases in the in- come tax. His record shows that he objected to the processes whereby a great multitude of the smaller income tax payers were exempted from all income tax payments. He doubts, how- ever, if it is politically possible now to hy back on the imcome tax upon people who are relatively rich. He thinks at the same time that the taxes that can be derived successfully from such people will not suffice to meet the current and pective deficits. He, therefore, anticipates a recourse to bond issues. * kK K Rainey is resolutely opposed to the canceling of these debts. He seems resolutely opposed even to the reducing of them, unless in return for the re- ductions’ we acquire some compensating advantages. He thinks that the exist- ing debt settlements are unduly favor- able to the foreign governments con- cerned. He voted against virtually all those settlements when they were ac- cepted by Congress. He will vote next month even against the acceptance of the present Hoover one-year “debt holi- day.” He will emphatically vote against all uncompensated extensions of that holiday. Since Mr. Garner is equally a zealot against any such extensions, it is clear that the project for such ex- tensions may be on its way to legislative shipwreck. Tariff in principle. Mr. Rainey says: “The depression we are now in is as nothing in comparison with the depres- sion we are approaching unless tariffs are reduced.” ‘Tariff in practice. Mr. Ralney says: “The tariffs of foreign countries are just as bad for us as our own tariff. They are indeed worse. We cannot in prudence open our own markets more and more widely to the foreigners if their markets are going to be more and more closely shut to us. The matter has ceased to be merely national. It has become in practical essence inter- jnational. We ought to reduce our tariff, but we ought to reduce it conditionally. We ought to reduce it in company with reductions abroad. International con- certed action is in this matter abso- lutely necessary. I favor the calling of international trade conferences for that “That ponderous person takes him- self very seriously.” “No,” replied Miss Cayenne. “He doesn't take himself seriously. He is merely trying to persuade others to do &> Too Often So! A man makes speeches all exact To point a nation’s needs. Then some one prints them in a tract Which no one ever reads. “Tell de truth,” sald Uncle Eben, “but don't imagine it’s yoh business to be & private detective an' find out all de truth-dat’s goin’ on.” t Tariff on_Petroleum. Mr. favors it. He thinks that the in pendent petroleum producers have the desirability of such a tariff present international circumstances. * ok ok % Farmers. Mr. Rainey is a farmer. He used to be also a lawyer. But now he is & farmer only. He has 500 acres. He has 37 brood sows and is gravely de- pressed by the depression in the price of hogs on the hoof. He also has 100 purpose.” Rainey de- 1 | tinued sales effort and progressive ad- Debts from forelgn governments. Mr. | ing notes that European countries are just as ambitious to diminish agricultural ! importations from us as we are to en- BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Here is a new light on a bit of ua- written hisfory, supplied by one of the greatest stidents of politicad history, who several years ago made in Congress one of the greatest speeches ever made on the Constitution of the United States—former Democratic leader in the House,now a judge in the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals, Finis J. Garrett. In fact, it corrects what for many years has been accepted as a well founded historical fact—that Henry Clay was the only man who ever ‘served in the United tates Senate hefore he was 30 years old. “I have often heard this and had ac- cepted it 88 correct until some two years 8go, when I had occasion %o make a brief study of the record of John Henry Eaton of lennessee, whose place in Jm)ry is best dominated, if not fixed, by the fact that he became the husband of the piquant ‘Peggy’ O'Neil,” said Judge Garrett, not in argumenta- tive mood, but with his usually kindly disposition to snare his historical dis- coveries with his {riends—and a desire to set_history strajght. This same Eaton had Washington in a turmoil several times during his.of- ficial life, botn socially and politically, and now rests in the quiet of Oak Hill Cemetery. “Much to my surprise,” continued Judge Garrett, “I found that, accepting the date of birtn given in the Congres- sional Biographical Directory as cor- rect, Eaton was sworn in as United States Senator from Tennessee when he was only five months past 28 years ?r age.” He supplies the dates as fol- lows: “He was born in Halifax County, N. C., June 18, 1790. He moved to Frank- lin, Williamson County, Tenn. before reaching maturity, and was there ad- mitted to the bar. In 1815 and again in 1817 he was elected to the State Legislature and was serving in that capacity when George W. Campbell re- signed on April 20, 1818, from the United States Senate, to become Mon- roe’s Minister to Russia. Eaton was appointed by Gov. McMiem to succeed Campbell. "I think his appointment took effect September 5, 1818, but the second session of the Fiftieth Congress dél}smt convene until November 16, 1 “The Thirteenth Legislature of Ten- nessee convened in regular session in September, 1819, and Eaton was elected to succeed himself; re-elected in 1821 end again in 1826, and served until hére are more horses in New York, City probably, in proportion, than in any other city in the United States, unless it be Cheyenne on Rodeo day. But the mst begutiful to the eye of a horseman or a woman who is not atraid of so-called dumb animals are those of the New York Mountec Police. There are 375 members of the New York Mounted Police and each one of them has a mount which might well be the envw of the owner of a stable of show horses. There are yet others | in reserve. Nearly all of them are bay or chestnut and each has a coat with a glossy patina of a horse- chestnut itself. ~Moreover, each has points which would invite the critical atterftion of the judges at the Olympia ring and set them arguing among themselves as to the disposition of the blue ribbcn, Each has an eye, brown or black, which when turned upon the observer has the combined effect of the re- proachful eye of a dying hart of the | hills or an unfed setter pup and the | cool, perspicacious appraisal cf an ap- | pellate judge. Like the alley cat or the stray dog | that wins first prize at a bench show, these horses of the New York Mounted Police come from nowhere in par- ticular. The force maintains no stud farm. Its attaches always have an eye out for a suitable remount when the need for recruits arises and, too, there are men still in the horse trade whose minds dwell not infrequently on the possible requirements of this section of New York’s foinest. When a_ proper beast comes into thelr orbit they are not slow to let the force know that the animal could be had for the asking and a proper consideration. Once jn the possession cf the New York Mounted Police, a horse is on Equitation is maintained cver in Brooklyn—not, mind you, a school for the men, but a school for the horses. The term of instructicn with horses, as with men, depends very largely on the capacity of the subject to learn. ‘The term, customarily, is shorter with . ‘They are more biddable. But months, at the least, must be spent in | a schooling more careful and thorcugh than that required of a United States Cavalry mount or a crammer for Ox- ford matriculation. Special Training Required. ‘The walk, trot and canter—the ABC of the School of Equitation—come first, but, thereafter, comes the long large agricultural exportations to them. | March 3, 1829, when he resigned to be- | instruction which teaches the horse It is in this light that he now con- siders the revived proposal for ‘“the e’unlluuon fee” and “the debenture plan.” Farm Relief and Tariff. Mr. Rainey observes that present European tariffs against foreign farm products indicate a firm determination to adopt counter- vailing devices against us if we should attempt to facilitate agricultural ex- portations through “the equalization fee” or “the debenture plan.” He feels that a new face has been put upon such plans by the new protective poli- cles on the other side of the Atlantic. He is convinced that the American farm relief problem has now been caught up into the larger general inter- national tariff problem. He thinks that it is now necessary to solve both prob- lems by international action. He main- tains that the international tariff con- ferences which he favors should be so conducted as to enlarge our foreign murkets for our agricultural commodi- ties and thus render possible a genuine- ly workable “farm relief” scheme. * K Xk House Rules. Mr. Rainey favors re- vising the rules of the House of Repre- sentatives in the direction of making it easier to rescue a bill from a hostile committee and to debate it and pass it or reject it on the House floor. The Norris “Lame Duck” Constitu- tional Amendment. Mr. Rainey is for it. He thinks that the Congress should come into session reasonably soon after receiving its mandate from the people. Muscle Shoals. Mr. Rainey is for public—and not private—mastery of the Muscle Shoals plant. Unemployment Insurance. Mr. Rai- ney tends toward favoring Federal en- couragement to unemployment insur- ance more or less in line with the sug- g{estll(om of Senator Wagner of New ork. Employment Exchanges. Mr. Ralney supports the Wagner bill for Federal as- sistance to State agencles engaged in the finding of employment for the un- employed. Anti-injunction. Mr. Rainey believes that the present power of judges in the issuances of injunctions in labor dis- putes should be narrowed. In General. The legislative influence of Mr. Rainey will be toward what might be called “progressivism with- out too much free wheeling.” (Copyright, 1931.) e Adpvertising and Sales Effort Winning Trade BY HARDEN COLFAX. Among the firms which have told the Government that they have made profits even during the general depres- sion the largest number paint to con- vertising policles as one of the most important factors in their success. Three hundred and fifty-eght ex- amples of profitable business operation since the business break of 1929 have been noted by the Department of Com- merce and are now cl and de- scribed in an announcement made this week. These represent 202 manufactur- industries, 43 retail distributors and 10 wholesalers, located in 74 cities in 30 different States. All of them, says the department, which made the survey in response to demands from many business organizations for such in- formation, indicate that “sound and successful policies may be depended on to help direct business into constructive lines at all times.” * ok % % Omitting certain cases in which suc- cess was the result of an exceptional favorable demand from outside agencies, such as Government stimulation of public improvement, the department comes to the conclusion, in by far the greater number of cases, that the suc- cess indicated is to be attributed ‘not so much to the present or a change In policy as to past policies the soundness of which is accentuated by current business conditions.” Listing the cases and summarizing the reasons or types of policies, the de- partment states that increased sales efforts and advertising policies appear to be the most important reasops for the successes reported. Then come mar- ket research, reduced prices, co-opera- tion with dealers, improvement of serv- ice and management of salesmen, _ * ok k¥ 7 o gy o g ccess to progressive -policies dealing with new products, in improving quality and in the extension -of .re- search. When it comes to their produc- tion departments, most of them state that they have focused their attention on a reduction of operating expense and the installation of modern equipment. A group of 18 manufacturers who, the department states, have met with “exceptional success during the depres- sion vr whose policies appear of a spe- cial interest,” -includes makers of an acturing piston s, 8 Middle Western company mklnzl::.rrnl foods, a Southwestern company running @ general store, a Middle Western man- ufacturer of electrical- equipment and one manufacturing aluminum and brass articles, a_firm making a high-priced cows and seriously dislikes all present prices offered for them. Farm Rellef. Mr. Rainey thinks that “farm relief” cannot come too quickly. He accordingly looks with t appre- hension at the present us en- leavors of countries to re- strict their importations of foreign (in- tooth brush and tooth powder, an au- tomobile manufacturing company and a candy manufacturer. * ok ok ok It is noteworthy that not one of the concerns included in this study has di- minished its sales effort and 37 of th eport increased T efforte firms, He in number, made mz?me\'_‘:e concerning ¥ Sl come Jackson's Secretary of War, and incidentally, by reason of his wife, whom he had married a few weeks before the latter date, a social storm center. “I have made some effort to verify the birth date given,” Judge Garrett explains, “and so far as my researches extend it is correct. If so, Eaton was both appointed and elected when younger n Clay was at the time the latter took his seat, November 19, 1806. “I do not know how Eaton ‘got away with 1t Judge Garrett comments. * ok ok ok Another interesting fleld for research was pointed out by Judge Garrett in the old Archives Division of the State Department, where much enjoyment was derived from reading the corre- spondence between John Forsyth of Georgia, Secretary of State during the latter part of Jackson's administration and retained in the position during the administration of Van Buren, and gxw&x while the latter was Minister to pain. There is not much concerning mat- ters of public moment in this corre- spondence, but some interesting per- sonal psychology is displayed. These two “statesmen” evidently did not “hit it off” together at all, and some of Forsyth’s expressions are very severe, Perhaps the climax was reached when, in October, 1838, the Secretary of State in a letter to the Minister, referring to the failure of the latter to pursue a cer- tain course relative to a consul at Bar- celona, said: “The replies of the department were written to regulate your conduct, and not to satisfy your judgment. The President will, no doubt, regret that his decision has not met with your appro- bation. Some consolation will, however, be afforded by the reflection that you have not comprehended the principles upon which they have been made, and that you seem to have forgotten im- portant facts communicated by myself and the contents of your own letters to the department.” ‘Secretary Forsyth stated that this letter was transmitted “‘without being submitted to the Presi- dent (Van Buren) for his approval,” but ay all corre- that it was pi to lay spondence before him (the President). Even this stinging letter of the Secre- tary of State did not bring Eaton's resignation, for the vivacious Peggy was having a good time in the court of Spain, and finally in 1840 Eaton was recalled, but the reason given was that .{it had been determined that the services of a minister to Spain were “no longer needed for the time being,” it being thought a “charge de affaires will be sugcient." —— 0 successor ‘aton was appointed during Van Buren's ndminutntft?l: One plausible presumption may be that the President was unwilling to humiliate his old associate in Jackson's cabinet, whose side he had taken in the soeial combat over the acceptance of Peggy O'Neil as the bride of a cabinet officer by the dowagers of Washington social- dom. Probably also he did not care to hurt the feelings of Jackson, who was Eaton’s friend and who still lived. All this, however, did not prevent Eaton from opposing Van Buren’s re- in The “Blographical Directory of the American Congress” records that Eaton “declined to support Van Buren for President in 1840.” In- cidentally his course then caused a break in the long-time intimate friend- gnp bectween l.l!:ck‘;m and Eaton. Judge arrett recal at Jackson dubbed Eaton “an ingrate.” advertising policies than on any other single topic. . ‘Three firms reported special efforts to develop new or additional uses to which their products could be directed, while 10 placed most emphasis on training and directing of salesmen and five made adjustments in territory and studied their markets more closely. Seventeen concerns made intensive the duties of an officer of police. For the horse of a New York mounted po- liceman must come considerably nearer being a policeman itself than the milkman's hcrse does to being the milk- man. The dut are more varied and the judicial temperament more of a pre- requisite. Also, the horse must be able to recognize any member of Tammany Hall on sight. For, look you, the horse of the New “ork Mounted Police must be able to stand like the bronze horse of Colleoni in the midst of a maelstrom of traffic that would give Willlam Tell's son the the high road to a career. A School of | jitters. With fiend-driven taxicabs skidding past its hocks and Bellevue embulances brushing its nostrils, it must , maintain the aloof dignity of a New . York motion picture house usher. Noth- ~ ing may permitted to disturb its calm. Until, at a word, a touch of & finger on its neck, it is instructed through the freemasonry of man-on- horseback and horse to project itself emoothly and swiftly into some emer- gency. It moves with the grace and speed and surety of a well-aimed torpedo in_the hands of an able gunner. It may be that it is on park duty where the quality of the town go rid- ing—including beginners in both quality and riding—and there is a runaway. Like a flash, and scarcely needing an admonition, the pretty beast is after the frightened fugitive. There usually is & happy ending, sometimes with ex- tensions into the social world as O. Henry or somebody has related. Perhaps most remarkable is the schooling which enables an officer to dismount to perform foot duty for the - time being. Without tying, the horse will stand where it is left. Trucks, screaming ambulances, shining lim- cusines, and belching fire engines may rush by like bats out of hell, but the graduate of the Brooklyn Police School of Equitation stands quietly where it has been left. ‘The equipment is simple. The horse wears a half-McClelland saddle with lower pommel and cantle than Army saddles or cowboy saddles have. Beneath is a leather saddle blanket, felt-padded, with a gold-yellow border and, in the corner, a highly polished brass medal- * lion, two or three inches in diameter, - bearing the proud insignia of the New York Mounted Police. On the off side, - in a sort of pistol holster, hangs a night | stick, or billy, as it sometimes is famil- iarly called. No Punishing Curb, | 'The bridle is natty. But aside from |a headstall of the.same gold yellow that borders the saddle blanket there ® is nothing but plain sound leather. It ° is a straight riding bridle with curb and snaffle, but no chain on the curb because any horse that might require that punishing pinch would be no horse for the streets of New York. The biis, ' be assured, are polished like a duchess’ silverware. Nor are the men of the New York Mounted Police to be neglected. They are a spiendid crew. There are seven squads in command of an inspector. A large number of them are former United States Cavalrymen who have served one or more enlistments in that somewhat grim school. They sit their horses like the Twelve Peers of France and between them and their mounts there is that sort of perfect understanding which rarely is found among men this side of Paradise. ‘Their uniforms are not resplendent. They are of the same decent blue that the footmen of the force wear, saving and excepting the item that they wear polished black puttees and gleaming spurs. They seem as handy afoot as on horseback—unlike many cowboys who, off their mount, are ill at ease. » British Ministry Already BesetWith Grave Troubles BY A. G. GARDINER. LONDON, November 28.—The first fine, careless rapture consequent on the victory of the National government has passed and already the question is being asked: How long can Premier MacDon- ald hold his heterogeneous ministry to- gether? Causes of discontent are accumulat- ing in formidable fashion and the ex- pectations that the new government would create an improved outlook are being rapidly dissipated under a succes- sion of dlnepolnlmenu. ‘The slight boom in trade caused by England’s’ abandonment of the gold standard shows signs of exhaustion, and a further serious decline in the exchange value of the pound sterling has deepened the depression in regard to the future. This feeling is empha- sized by the imminent lapse of the “standstill” agreement with Germany and Premier Laval's speech indicating unabated insistence by France on the superior sanctity of the unconditional portion of reparations payments over the short-term commercial credits to Germany, the renewal of which is the only safe 'd against the financial collapse of that country. * ok ok ok Nor has the course of events in Man- churia and India fefled to react un- favorably on the prestige of the Mac- Donald government. The Indian round vernment with ailure, which is due to the complete breakdown of the negotiations between the Hindus and Moslems on the question of sepa- rate electorates and the irreconcilable attitude of Mahatma Gandhi through out the conference. But the inability of the Indians to on the fundamental principles of the proposed constitution leaves the government between the crossfires of the op] camps. The opponents of a grant & federal constitution, under the leadership of Winston Churchill, urge that, the Indians having failed to agree, the government should withdraw the offer and fall back on the Simon re- port’s scheme of provincial autonomy. | The Indians, disagreeing on everything else, are agreed in demanding fulfill- | ment of Lord Irwin’s policy. Gandhi, whom no terms satisfy, announced to the conference Thursday his intention to return to India for the purpose of making government. impossible. * koK ok Meanwhile, the reign of terror in Bengal assumes an alarming character and Lord Lothian, undersecretary of state for India, stated in the House of Lords that the whole official class in Bengal is performing in daily peril of assassination. Several magistrates have been killed and outrages in recent months number over a hundred. i i e ot e ust egard the failure of the Hindus and Moslems to reach an market research and found many in- efficiencies. Three textiles firms learned that their research found new cus- tomers for them; a paper company be- lieves that its efforts to it customers wanted enabled it ‘“meas- urably to exceed its sales of 1929.” The Steel Founders’ Soclety of America was “surprised to learn that 76 per cent of its customers looked for quality first and only 6 per cent named price as the first consideration in purchasing.” * ok k% Quite a number of trade associations reported that they had enlisted the De- partment of Commerce in making sur- veys of their distribution, markets and sales costs. Seventeen firms believed that “greater co-operation with the wholesalers tributed their product hel maintain sales volume.” In co-operation with the Department ot Commerce, the industries of marketing devices, blue prints and confectionery .analyzed their sales costs and discov- ered “the unprofitableness of orders, the cost of selling classes Of goods by territories by salaried and commission men and urned .” In four cases extension of credit aided firms to maintain sales volume and in four others exports, chiefly to Europe, saved the situation. Reduced prices and improved sales service are reported to have helped in a number of casés, while the following of style trends is given as the reason for success in four others. In fourteen cases, including manufac- turers of pianos, steel products, foods, railroad equipment, el ances, brass lucts, machinery, & diversification of prod lines, was profital o find what its | In meement and proceed with the ful- t of its polis policy. Equally disturbing is the sense of fail- ure of the League of Nations to exercise authority in Manchurian dispute. connection it is felt that the American Government shares responsi- bility for the weakness in the face of a contemptuous breach of the League cov- enant, the Kellogg anti-war pact, and the Washington nine-power treaty by one of the signatories to all three. * K kX In League circles here it is felt that | His the League has sustained a deadly blow to its prestige which will inevitably prejudice the prospects of the coming ament conference, and the jingo press in London, still more than that of Paris, which is always hos- important Paris j to the view that the guardian as the French peace in pe. soon of tarism forgotten. But it is on domestic policy that the |¢q) mlbd)omm pnmneeunc is most vulnel'lr- le. The cabinet is composed equal of free traders and protectionists, huy the House of Commons is overwhelm- ingly ist and is forcing the hand of the government. The imposi- tion of a 50 per cent tariff on certain manutactured im| has been fol- lowed this week the p en- forcement of the use of a quota of Brit- ish wheat by the millers and taxes on certain early flowers and vegetables from the continent. The are trivial in themselves, but -;:'ro Z‘:’.“”m melcn. forth- | do. s AR ol T Fifty Years Ago - In The Star Guiteau's erratic conduct during his, trial for the murder of President Gar- fleld aroused country- Ind‘::%“_“' wide comm;ncma:d ' i caused mucl = e nation at the toler- ance shown him in the court room. - ‘The Star of November 21, 1881, says: “Many are animadverting upon . great indulgences shown Guiteau, p appears to issue his commands for what. ., he wants, whether it be a new pair of handcuffs or a better breakfast than that brought him, with a positive cer- hll:;iy that they will be obeyed. It is asked with reason, why a c 1, who was doubtless, as all his talks tended to prove, one potent cause of his committing the foul deed. Like man who burned the Temple of - Diana at Ephesus, iat- his name might be handed down to ity, ‘Guiteau thought to immortalize himself by his deed, and now, when he can prate about his ‘bodyguard,” be the cynosure of all eyes in a crowded court room and defy judge, lawyers and wit- - nesses when he chooses to take floor and address the crowd in terms of sélf-exaltation, he has to his heart's content the conspicuous position he has always craved. It has been questioned whether the same rules applying to - those accused, but not proved guilty of murder while on trial for their lives, have been observed in regard to this ° assassin, who from the first has boasted of his foul crime. If he could be made to feel himself in any sense disgraced by his crime, his intense egotism would receive a shock which should surely be part of his punishment. Instead of this, he says with unction that his first vg:{mcomw?;nvmloodoneh::d no one said anything v d against him.” L o : . - * * B As an example of Guiteau's behavior the following is quoted from The Star’s Quarrels With Sccount of the &ial, His Counsel. 22, 1881, covering the address of Mr. Scoville, counsel for the defense: “Mr. Scoville said that whenever Guiteau (in his law practice) was op- posed by other lawyers he failed. Here Guiteau interrupted Mr. Scoville, his vanity having been touched, and said: ‘I brought a good many suits. I may - have had the reputation of being a - fool when I was a lawyer, but I gave the other side all they wanted’ Mr. Davidge asked Mr. Scoville if he had said t Mr. Reed had moved Gui- teau’s admittance to the bar. Mr. Sco- ville proceeded to explain and Guiteau interrupted him, saying: ‘No sir; Gt Reynolds did that.” Mr. Scoville pro- ceeded to talk again, when Guiteau spoke up to Mr. Davidy ‘Gen. Rey- nolds made the motion. There he is sitting behind you.’ “Mr. Scoville hesitated upon going on, when the prisoner spoke up again: ‘No. no, Mr. Scoville, 4hat is an interesting story and it is correct in detail” Mr. Scoville continued with his narrative of Guiteau's life, speaking of his de- parture from Chicago for New York. address and gentlemanly deport- ment was such that he had no diffi- culty in getting collection business io . ‘I had first-class references, too,” interrupted the priscner, ‘so I got the busiress.’ At that time, said Mr. Sco- ville, the prisoner was in every sense a . gentleman. ‘I had no bad habits of any kind,” broke in the prisoner.” » At the next day's session, as reported in The Star of November 23, 1881, Gui- teau became particularly violent. Mr. ! | Scoville was analyzing a speech made by Guiteau at a political meeting as evidence of the prisoner’s lack of men- balance: “Mr. Scoville went on criticizing the speech and showing that it was a poor effort. The prisoner’s face flamed with rage. Striking the table sharply with his fist, he screamed: ‘I protest now solemnly against your trying to mak- ing me out a fool. If you want to rest {ullr case rest it on the doctrine that he Deity inspired the act, and I am with you; rest it on my being a fool and I am down on you.' The er