Evening Star Newspaper, November 29, 1931, Page 3

e TELEGRAPH FIELD REALIGNMENT SEEN New Mergers Are Probable as A. T. & T. Enters Tele- graph Competition. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. Communication service by telephone | and telegraph, cable and radio, will be | revolutionized as a result of significant developments last week which may af- fect the relationship to each other of all the Nation's communication com- | panies, the assets of which amount to $6,000,000,000. These include the American Tele- phone & Telegraph Co. (known more widely as the Bell System), the West- ern Union Telegraph Co.. the Radio Corporation of America and the In‘er- national Telegraph & Telephone C which owns and controls the Postal | ‘Telegraph Co. and the Commercial Cable Co, as well as the Mackay Ra- dio Co. | Under existing law—the White act— | no wire company can be merged with a | radio transmission business and no | ‘communications companies of any kind | can be combined, whether they are .telegraph or telephone or radio, if the result is to lessen competition. This has heretofore prevented a merger of the International Telephone & Tele- graph Co. and the Radio Corporation of America’s _communication compan though futile efforts were made to s cure an_amendment of the law a year ago. This statute also has kept the | Western Union and Postal from getting | together and has precluded a merger | between the Western Union and th2 | Radio Corporation of America. Situation Wholly Altered. But now the whole competitive sit- hation has been materially changed by 2 the announced entry of t@e American Telephone & Telegraph Co. into the general telegraph business by means of the teletypewriter or printer telegraph service for the general exchange of message business This move Wwas made, it has become known, only after the A. T. & T. had offered to both the Western Unlon and the Postal an op- portunity to combine in a single com- pany the new teletypewriter service. The offer was declined by the Western Union. Immediately after the A T. & T. an- nounced its plans to go ahead anyway, the Western Union and Postal com- 1 panies formed a working agreement to < pool their printer telegraph facilities to : furnish service to the subscriber over i she lines of either company direct to mny home cr office where the apparatus might be installed. This is the first time in the history of 1 #he two rival telegraph companies that i they have publicly agreed to permit the use of their combined facilities. They ve more than 11,000 printer telegraph instruments in use and they figured that it would take their new competi- tor, the A. T. & T., a long time to sell the new service and install equipment. One of the interesting phases of the situation is that the Western Electric Co., which is owned by the A. T. & T, Tholds the patents and manufactures the Tecessary teletypewriter apparatus not only for the Bell companies but for ~the Western Union and Postal as weH. Also the Western Union and Postal, by Virtue of rates made a couple years ago, find it more economical to lease extra, wires from the A. T. & T. than to erect. ‘new telegraph lines themselves. This is because every telephone wire can be simultaneously used for tele- graphic purposes without interfering with voice communication. Thus the A. T. & T. has available hundreds of thousands of miles of idle telegraph wires and can afford to lease to the tel h companies as many wires for telegraph service as they can possibly absorb. Furnishes Equipment. So the Bell System furnishes wires, equipment and apparatus to its com- petitors, none of which, however, en- gages in the domestic telephone busi- ness. The A. T. & T. has heretofore confined itself largely to the telephone service, domestic, transoceanic and late- 1y ship to shore, and to the leasing of , telephone wires to the companies broad- | | ams. Telegraphic | | "LARGE SCATTER SIZE [ casting chain progr: ! gervice has been furnished by the A. T. | & T. only through an initial lease for & minimum of eight hours per day to . press associations, newspapers, brokers ; and business houses with inter-com- - pany offices. Now the public has been offered ‘ something akin to the instantaneous § sommunication by telegraph which has % been enjoyed only by leased-wire sub- ; scribers. But instead of being required to lease for a given period, anybody ' now can have direct communication with another person in the same city or anywhere else in the United States provided the party at the other end has similar equipment, namely an instru- can be operated by an ordinary typist And the service can be used for a fe minutes or for as long a time as the subscriber wishes. Although the Western Union and Postal had installed keyboard sending | and recelving printers on_tape for_the SPECIAL NOTICES. I"WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY Gedts “unless Authorized by me. pe torans. DAVID M, HOLLOWELL. 335 9th_8t. N.E 30° GFFERED FOR THE RETURN OF Hmeter and, brief case carried on £ itnam, R < Eincoln 6305w, - oo 9 AN IRM WITH A NEW NUMBER, National 0960. Dsvidson Transfer & Storage Co.. d_1896. 1117 H st. n.w. WIFE_FREE, EXCURSION DEC Rio Grande Valley. Texas, New Orlean: Mexico. BURCHFIEL. National 6664. = CARPENTER AND BUILDER Temodeling, plans furnished: jobl a5 5 and $6 per dav. Potomac FOR and us | REWARD a radio service o and_adjustments. red g chalrs, wood of in STATES STORAGE_CO, _418 10th St. KW gt T W, 7O PHILADELHIA FROM NEW' YORK. IO n Al potnts orth and West And all_points North and West. AN LINES. ' We also back ship by STEEL LIFT VANS anvw SMITH'S TRANSFER & STOR 1313 You 8t. N.W__Phones North DAILY TRIPS, FULL AND PARI Baltimore, Philadelphia, New Yori. d_and all way Doinis; . “Phone Natl. 1460. NATIONAL DELIVERY ASSOC. ING 1317 New York Ave. _Local moving al 35c per pound. delivered E, old-fashioned pound cake. Duts added. 75 cents per Walter McCarth D—LO, ADS, C. 0. _* ~Paper Shell. | TR Sk I et pound. livered. Batesbure, & Caroling . Hollywood Orchard jut Georgia Ave. 3 miles. past D. C. line o Noted for_the best cider on the road per gal. Bring_container : APPLES, SWEET CIDER! Grimes Golden. Stayman Winesaps, Twig and York Imperial ~Apples made from clean. hand-picked apples. 1o Rockville, Md. 2 blocks bevond House, then one mile out Potomac rd. every duy until 9 p.m. Rockville Fruit Farm "HAVE IT DONE NOW! to modernize lood and hedie and do any tinnlng work— TORCISUDGET PAYMENTS if desired. 3. FLOOD ¢ 1411 V C. D 0. St. N.W. Day. Dec. 2700—Evening. Clev 0615 LOADS, Boston, unexelled 30¢ | our plumbing e IR AT o THE SUNDAY STAR. WASHINGTON, D. C. NOVEMBER 29, 1931—PART ONE. B T s s, st . '3_3 A Tight Squeeze LEXINGTON BARELY GETS THROUGH CANAL LOCK. Locks, Panama Canal, with only 11,-foot_clearance on cither side. huge ship, her “taby” planes plainly visible, was towed by locomctives at THE U. S. S Lexington, airplane carrier, in the middle chember of Gatun the rate of one mile an hour to avoid damage to the lock ship. The carrler whs on her way last two years, the A, T. & 'T. intro- duced & new type of page printer and | the novel idea of computing payment | not by the number of words, but by thc\ number of minutes used. Thus in a| general way the A, T. & T. minimum | charges are based on whatever the three-minute rate for a station-to-| station telephone call happens to be, except that for this same rate five min- utes of telegraph service are granted and the subscriber can send as man words as his typist can manage to transmit or receive. It is estimated that from 150 to 200 words can be sent in five minutes on the new equipment. ‘The Western Union and Postal have promptly met this competition by agree- ing to apply virtually the same rates and there is tajk now of even lower rates, which, of coutse, would mean that the A. T. & T. would probably meet such a reduction. Telephones Can Be Used. Potentially, however, the situation is of far greater significance than the mere enlargement of service by tele- | typewriter in the next few months. The Western Union and Postal to- gether have 30000 offices. The A. T. & T. has 30,000,000 telephones. Every telephone can be converted into a sending and receiving telegraph sta- tion without interfering with telephcne service. It is admitted that the same patents held by the Bell System would permit the installation of a telegraphic printer for home use. Then, fo™ instance, a person could go away for an evening and find on his return a message or | messages actually printed and recorded | in his home during his absence. A woman deciding to order something, | either in the same city or a nearby city, could herself telegraph the re- quest, and there would be a record at both ends. No such service has as yet been perfected, and there has been no | announcement that it is contemplated. All this is technically known as | “record communication” as contrasted with unrecorded telephone service. The moment the A. T. & T. entered | the field of recorded message sending, however, it became a direct competitor | of the Western Union and the Postal. | As a matter of fact, the Bell System is considered in some quarters to hold in the palm of its hand the future of the two big telegraph companies, as it could cut into the volume of their business by introducing the home printer telegraph. Although no conferences or negotia- |nications Commission, but in hearings gates and the —A. P. Photo. to maneuvers. tions have taken place. here are the possibilities that might grow out of the Iatest situation: First, a merger of the Western Union and the International Telephone & Telegraph, embracing the Postal and the Mackay Radio companies, thus put- ting together a radio, telegraph and | cable business into a large unit com- | petitive with the A. T. & T. ! Wave Length Contested. * | Second, a merger of the RCA | Communications Co. and the Western | Union to operate in competition with | the International Telephone & Tele- graph, the Postal and the Mackay | Radio. The Mackay interests recently vere_awarded short wave lengths by the Federal Radio Commission which | now are being contested qn the ground that the White act was contravened. Such a merger would involve a combi- nation of radio and wire and cable | company and it is assumed that the | White act would have to be defined or amended to permit it. The Interna- | tional Telephone & Telegraph owns lines in Spain and Brazil and other South American countries. The A. T.| & T. would thus remain a competitor | on domestic telegraph and transoceanic | and intercontinent communication. | Third, a unification of all telegraph and telephone cable, and radio com- munications systems in America some- what as in Europe, but with a com- mission on communications to control | the monopoly. Senator Couzens of Michigan, chairman of the Senate In- terstate Commerce Committee, Eas sponsored a bill for a Federal Commu- ‘The | a year ago it was suggested by the Bell | System as well as by the Western | Union that this was unnecessary be- | cause the companies are already sub- | ject to regulation by the Interstate | Commerce Commission and the various State utility commissions. | Out of the new competition, however, | will come unquestionably a new align- | ment of some kind. It isn't customary for the Western Union and Postal to forego their rivalry. Also this is the first time there has been an open clash between the Western Union and Bell System since their separation was or- dered many years ago by the courts. | W. Groomes, 1719 Ese St. SOUTHERN COTTON | PICKERS DOOMED New Machine Will Take Jobs of Four-Fifths of People Now Employed. | |, oOne of the Southland’s most pic- | turesque figures—the colored cotton picker—has at last become a victim of this mechanical age. The Labor Department announcea yesterday that a machine, practica. and money-saving, is ready to take the place of old Uncle Ned, Aunty Brown and their vast brood of pickaninnies, immortalized in song and story of the old South. The department quoted mechanical experts of agricultural experiment sta- tions as authority for the statement that practical perfection of cotton- harvesting machinery has arrived. One machine, according to the department, will do the werk in less than three hours that used to take one man 77 hours. Classed Next to Gin. 1t is estimated that four out of every five persons formerly needed to harvest the fiber as it burst from the bolls will have to find other work in picking time. The department said that this labor- saving device will be a net gain for the cotton farmer. It classed the new invention next to the perfection of the gin by Eli Whitney a: Augusta, Ga. at the beginning of the nineteenth century. perfected machinery,” the t announced, “is a re- Gea of progressive cot- ton farmers ~ho had experimented with the gatheting of fallen bolls with a horse-drag, at the same time stripping from plants the bolls that had not fallen, The first drag was a section of a picket fence, censtructed of wooden slats bound together with interwoven horizontal wires. This was dragged over the cotton rows in such manner that the wires caught the bolls, stripping them of the stems and left them lying on the wooden strips of the drag. “But the drag gathered so much rub- bish the cotton could not be ginned. Not to be discouraged, the farmer ran the stuff through his thrashing ma- chine, thus cleaning out enough of the rubbish to enable the gin to separate the fiber from the remainder. Experiments Are Begun. “The idea was taken up by other farmers and the experts of the Agricul- ture Experiment Station got to work on it. First a rude sled was construct- ed with a V-shaped slot for catching the stalks and stripping off the bolls. The bolls were worked backward by the forward motion of the sled into a ew loops, rips . Completely _relined with new lining, which we urnish, Complete for 88.75 REMODELING— Completely remodeled 1 very smartest styles. serviee includes cleas ing, new buttons, mew ' lonps, thoroughly relined with new lining, fornished by us. All complete for e This , xlnz- ARKER S FUR SHOP 903 F St. N. W. I woven —of the better grade. at th 1 tured values at | AXMINSTER i RUGS We show an interesting collection of fine seamless Axminster Rugs, in de- sirable patterns, at the in many years. CIDER—APPLES ge quantities of apples at low prices On Chain Bridge road between Vi- HILCOTT BROS. * Fairfax. Va. C! OTT BF 3 Xp’plc Bargains AT QUAINT ACRES Sut last 1.000 bushels nandpieked, carefully graded apples’ a iBc per Dushel 5 <) 4« i now selle yman winesaps in prime con- 15 un- - e reet cides Bl R e *fl 2“;2- ute 27. n&l"fl’ 5 miles from this special price. Your inspection is invited particularly time to a group of 9x12-room size reproductions. among the finest American Orientals made, with heavy, silky pile of worsted wool woven through to the back, and are fea- 9x12 Axminster Rugs $24.50 DULIN @& MARTIN Connecticut Ave. famLZ’ ¢ PARKING SERVICE—Connecticut Ave. Entrance. Hours 9 A.M. to 6 P.M. . Oriental Rugs I Persian Lilihans $ 4.50 Every rug in this group is a genuine hand- artistic gem from the Orient. silky pile and characteristic Lilihan colors at Ideal Christmas gifts. Our Domestic Rugs Include AMERICAN ORIENTALS s100 BROADLOOM CARPETS Pleasing assortment in various grades Measurements submitted thout charge and with every ance of prompt serv- ice. Per Square Yard. These lowest prices and colors. Soft, ur- $3.85 up further experiments and made the dis- . coveries he revealed tonight. LONDON DENIES MURDER; Series of Comparisons. | PHILADELPHIAN FREED The comparisons were the first of a piiteres series he plans to undertake at widely | Prisoner Says He Was Under Im- separated points on the earth’s sur- i face, on varying geographical and cli-‘ P T R matological sites, all intended to credit | 31 Years Ago. the theory of galactic origin suggested | py the Associated Press by Prof. R. A. Millikan, the eminent| PHILADELPHIA, November 28.—A California physicist. | man giving the name of John Baker, | Whetner science can harness the rays | 46. Who walk>d int> a police station for man Prof. Compton has not ate|A Week ago and said he had killed a boy tempted to predict. For the present, he | COMPanion in London. Eng'as?. 3. said, he was concerned only with solv- | YeATS 8g0. was released today. wooden box. ‘The first cotton sleds| stripped only ¢ne row at a time, bul; were soon widened to cover two, three | and finally four or more rows. | “Until recently the only effective ma- | Prof. Compton Strengthens| chine employed ‘r the production of cotton was the gin, which revolutionized Belief in Bombing of Earth on Al Sides. the industry at the beginning of the| nineteenth ~century. Many attempts were made to cevise a machine tnat| would reduce the slow and difficult labor of picking the bolls from the stalk, but with Little success. Hand- picking was a_very slow process and| extremely costly. even where cheap labor was available. Much interest will follow the installation of the perfected machinery in cutton areas where large | numbers of colored cotton pickers have always been empioyed.” % ing the mystery of this least known | form of energy, thousands of times| skorter than the X-rays. Investigation by detectives here showed that London pclice had no rec- ord of a murder such as describea by By the Associated Press. CHICAGO, November 28.—The pow- Baker. Asked why he had said he commit. MIX, ILL, HOLDS OWN DESPITE FAST PULSE Increase in Actor's Heart Rate and Temperature Fail to Give Phy- sicians New Alarm. By the Associated Press. HOLLYWOOD, Calif,, November 28. —Tom Mix, circus and motion picture cowboy, ill with peritonitis, has experi- enced a gradual rise in temperature and his pulse rate had increased tonight, but his physicians said they did not re- gard his condition alarming. A bulletin issued shortly after 7 p.m. by the physicians, Drs. R. N. Smith and Gurn Stout, said: “Although there has been a gradual rise in temperature and an increase in the pulse rate in the last 12 hours, due in all probability to a minor respiratory infection, we do not feel the patient has retrogressed.” ADMITS SLAYING WIFE Estranged Husband Says He Shot Her After Argument Over Money. ST. LOUIS, November' 28 (#).—Po- lice yesterday announced they had solved the mysterious shooting Thursday of Mrs. Hattie Kaempfe, 24, by arresting her estranged husband, Oliver J. Kaempfe, 29, and eliciting a_confession from him he shot his wife after a heated argument over division of their bank account. Mrs. Kaempfe died in a store near her home while neighbors saw a man speed away in an automo- | bile. FREE Learn from Miss Lillian erful cosmic rays have yielded more of their mysteries to Prof. Arthur H. Compton, young University of Chicago Nobel Prize psysicist. o He has found, he told the American Physical Society tonight, that they were of the same intensity in Switzer- land and America. “This gives further indication,” he concluded, “that the rays bombard the | earth equally from all directions.” Far-Away Origin. through further experiments, he point- | ed out, science will know the rays orig- | inate not in the earth’s upper atmos- phere, the Milky Way or the solar sys- tem, but somewhere between the star galaxies millions of light years from the earth. The cosmic rays, most penetrating and most bafling to science, have long challenged Prof. Compton. Last September he measured their Mount Evans, Colo. land's Jungfrau, 11,000 feet high, for PLANT NOW November Planting Pays “Let us help you give new life and beauty t6 your ground. Complete land- scape service. Strong_ fleld - grown Evergreens, Shrubs, Roses, Hedges, Perennials, etc. Trimming, transplanting, fertilizing, spraying. Estimate Free HYATTSVILLE ' @NURSERY 28 Oakwood Rd-Hyatt464 | Should this be finally established |, intensity 13,000 feet above sea level on‘ In October he journeyed to Switzer- | ted a murder, Baker said he quarreled with his companion, stabbed him and thought he had killed him. He added he had been traveling about the United States and Canada 26 years. Marriage Licenses. Charles R. Baskerville. 26, §ydnor, 21, both e ety 404, Cathryn m; Sydnor, 21, of Richmond: Rev. Herbert James Arrington. 33. and Elise F. 24 Rev. Witllam' D, 21::'\1- = S oyd R Herad-n, 23 and M 21 Rev. Thoras 8. Davie, o V- Reed. Venabie L. Stern. 25. Detroit, Johnson, 23, “this' city; Rev. Me¥iliam o. B 52. and iam O. Brown. 52. and Ida M. 45 Rev L Haves: Allen, e ; seorge Smi " and Mary Riles. bolir'of Waterford,” Va.: R wiltiem % | mes R_Keys. 30. and Lillian Robinson, | v. Alexander Willbanks. s John M. Kirks. 30. and Ruby R. Dunn, 34, | both of Hichmond: Rev. John E. Bries. Thomas F. Gameron. 30, and Marie T. 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Special bas in, gttt U g i R adley Lane. turn Inspect Any Time—Open Till 9 P.M. 1 i R R SRt — ~but the luxuwousness of a fine pfcwate kesdence HERE, but in the softly lighted drawing room of an aristo~ cratic private home, would be found the atmosphere of ine viting friendliness and charming, intimate hospitality ree flected in the restful, tasteful decorative motif and furnishings of the lounges and promenade of the Capital’s most distinguished apartment residence? ... Richly appointed, to be sure—but the lavish- ness and bizarre effects that so often character- ize attempted expression of the modern conspicu- ously absent. ‘The WARREN is KENNEDY- your home; its facilities at your disposal—the dig- nity and charm of its environment not to be violated by the glamour and confusion of typical hotel surroundings, For this select residential environment and the many advantages thas its unusual facilities and equipment provide, you pay nothing addi- tional. 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