Evening Star Newspaper, September 16, 1931, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR | ‘With Sunday Morning Edition, WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY, September 16, 1031 THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..Edito The Evening Star Newspaper Company ' Rate by Carrier Within the City. 43¢ per month | oc per month | 5 per month | | Kational Soos: Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.....} yr. $10.00: 1 mo. e e = only .. Bunday only’ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press i exclusively ex th he ‘use for republication of all news dis. ches credited fo it or ot therwise crad in this paver and aiso the local news ished herein. Al rights of publication of tches herein also reserved. The Gis Hearings. The Public Utllities Commission's hearings on the gas pressure and gas ownership questions have already pro- duced two significant points. The first is that the gas company deliberately increased its pressures in violation of Public Utility Commissien regulations and that its own chief engineer had warned of the resulting “bad condition” that might become “aggravated” even before a report, to the same effect, was prepared by the Public Utilities Commission’s chief engineer, who later changed his alle- giance and became an engineer for the gas company. . The second is that Washington's gas companies are merely units of the “gas trust,” with its local managers possess- ing little more authority than the managers of any link in any chain of similar commercial enterprises. The deliberate increase of gas pres- sure by ths company, without consulta- tion with or permission from the Public Utilities Commission, is enlightening when one views in retrospect the his- tory of this gas-pressure COntroversy. The first statement of the “bad condi- tion” resulting from increased pressures came with the publication in The Star of the report by former Public Utilitles Commissioner Engineer Dert H. Peck. That report was more or less pooh- poolied by the gas company. There were many and sundry explanations, and everybody remembers the lengthy and sometimes sharp communications be- tween the gas company and the Public Utilities Commission over the latter's demands that adjustments in fixtures be made to compensate for the inoreased pressure in the main. Now it develops that Mr. Peck’s report followed a report drawn up by the gas company’s own chief engineer. And the gas company report was drawn in advance of subse- quent increase of pressures, déscribed as “large and substantial,” apparently ordered as a matter of policy by the controlling Chicago interests over the protest of the local gas officials. . . The contention of the local gas com- pany officials that more mains should be built to care for the increased de- mands of consumers who had responded to & sales campaign by purchasing more gas appliances was presumably scrapped by Chicago. And it was decided, by somebody, that gas pressures would be deliberately increased, and, if necessary, permission for the increase would be sought later. The gas companies are, at this Jate date, seeking permission for an act that was decided upon and put into execution months ago. And it is on the gas companies’ petition to do something that already was done that the present hearings are being held. Mr. William A. Roberts, through his | well prepared examination of the gas company officials, is establishing the foreign control and management of the local companies, the policy which has dictated such control and the ease with which local consumers may be ex- ploited. Before this hearing is con- cluded it is suspected that there will be other revelations that will call for remedial action by the Public Utilities Commission, possibly by the courts, and for legislative strengthening of the laws devised to protect consumers against the dangers that slready have become #0 apparent. ORGSO Courtesy has been undeniably com- plete in conveying to any surviving members of the Cornwallis line the earnest assurance that Washington's demand of his sword in surrender was strictly in the line of duty and involved no element whatever of personal criti- cism or intentional discourtesy. st Economy at the League. Apparently economy, lik: any other epidemic, is contaglous. It did not take world-wide effect when it had its greatest vogue in the United States, during the Coolidge thrift era of 1923- 1929, but since then, and particularly in this year of grace, the useful malady has spread over the face of the earth. One country’ after another has suc- cumbed to it. Great Britain is at this moment by way of undergoing the severest case of economy in its history. Our own plutocratic America, unless the | Congress is unable to resist the pressure | of Treasury-ralding groups, is on the verge of a substantial national money- saving program. With governments and peoples everywhere seeking to uncover every possible avenue of administrative re- trenchment, it is not surprising tha! the League of Nations is considering its own budget. Compared to the funds disgorged by its various constituent states, running into hundreds of mil- lons of dollars per annum, the League’s disbursements are not heavy. Its total expenditure for 1931 approximates only| $6,000,000, Pro-rated among its fifty- four member countries, their respective capacities to pay, the burden on any one of them is not considerable. Measured by the un- doubted good the League is doing in eountless directions—its organization of the 1932 General Disarmament Con- ference alone justifies the statement— !burdened taxpayers, |ou¢ of character as an implacable | ence. | according to | slashing its annual expenditure. Speak- ers from Italy, Venezuela, Holldnd and Australla jolned in M. Hembro's at- tack on what they obviously consider a lavish distribution of the League's income. High salaries were singled out for criticlsm—$20,000 which gocs to the secretary genera] and $15,000 aplece to the deputy secretary and the undersec- retery general. There app to have been full agreement that amid the whole world’s frantic drive to cut and curtall budgets, in the interest of over- it is incumbent upon the Ieague of Nations itself to set a worthy example—or, rather, to fol- low the examples already set by so many of its member suppcrters. The United States’ financial rela- tions with the League are on the pay- as-you-go basis. It is not subject to any regular annual subscription or assessment. But whenever this coun- try participates in things like oplum conferences or economic commissions or the like, which it is constantly doing, Uncle Sam in one form or another puts up his share of the costs, Presumably he will next year be shouldering' a commensurate portion of the expsnse of the Disarmament Conference. In- dividual American citizens, like Mr. Rockefeller, have long been good angels to the League. Approaching comple- tion at Geneva now are an office build- ing and a library for which the ofl magnate gave $2,000,000. Altogcther, since its establishment, the League has received gifts aggregating $8,000,000 from private American sources for its various activities, mostly humanitarian. R Gandhi Takes the Floor. Mr. Gandhi has lost no time in plac- ing his cards on the London round, table. Proclaiming himself the spokes- man of India’s “dumb and semi-starved millions,” the Mahatma declared before the Federal Structures Committee yes- terday that his “principals” the All- India Nationalist Congress, demand complete independence from Great Britain. A few hours before, Gandhi, in a radio broadcast to the United States, appealed to “the consclence of the world” to support India’s plea for self-determination. It speaks volumes for traditional British sportsmanship, even where the fate of the empire is concerned, that the full official tele- grapbic and radio facilities of the gov- ernment were placed at the Mahatma’s disposal for his truly moving plea for American support—an historic episode in transoceanic verbal communication. Gandhi supplies plenty of evidence that complete independence is what he asks, but that he is willing to consider taking less. He has come to the round table, he says, “absolutely in & spirit of co-operation” and “to find points of agreement.” The Mahatma admits that the truce of Delhi, in which he bargained with the Viceroy, then Lord Irwin, to accept the principle of federa- tion, Tesponsibility at the center and safeguards necessary in the interests of India, is still in force. It is on this basis of “modified dominion status” that_the imperial government is pre- pared to deal. It was ready to com- promise on more or less the same terms at the first and abortive Indian round table at London last Winter. From that conference Gandhi was missing. The British hope that the Mahatma's pres- ence in England may carry negotiations to a more conclusive stage. The venerated independence leader thrilled St. James' Palace with the tale of & “dream” he had as he approached the British Isles from the mystic East. It was a vision of a Britain and an India as “partners,” with all the equal righis inherent in a partnership arrangement —an India “not held to Britain by force, but by the silken cord of love.” Gandhi painted a picture of “two such nations —one a handful, but brave; the other & very ancient people with a glorious past representfhg two great cultures, Islam and Hindu.” Stepping for the moment pacifist, the Mahatma even envisaged the possibility of Britain and India “fighting side by side” for “the good of the whole wofld.” " - ‘These are picturesque sentiments. Their moderation is designed to mold | public opinion in India's favor, both in Great Britain and throughout the world. | They will, no doubt, widely have that ' effect. But when the Mahatma in the same breath emphasizes that he does' “not for a moment minimize the abil- ity of Britain to hold India in subjec- tion under the sword” he touches on the iron realities of the situation, stripped of idealistic aspects. Barring a radical | change in British thought, the empire is not yet ready to lift the yoke in which the Eastern realm is harnessed. Were India’s “dumb and semi-starved” | milliens approximately as literate as the inhabitants of Australia, Canada, New Zealand or South Africa; were they fitted for self-government to anything like the degree of those daughter nations of Britannia; were conditions, economic and cultural, akin to those which exist | in the overseas dominions: were the' sprawling land of the Himalayas not a house radically and religiously divided against itself on bitterest lines—then it is difficult to doubt that India's demand for at least complete self-government would be granted. Things being as they are, Britain is not content to concede anything but a highly liberallzed form of federated home rule, with the im-' perial government retaining supreme control of finances, defensze and foreign relations. Gandlt ecould return to Bombay to- morrow with that brand of independ- No matter how leng his loin cloth and shaw! permit him to withstand the rigors of a capricicus British Autumn, it is doubtful f he will ever achieve more. Meantime the Mahatma is as- sured of a world-wide audience which will observe with a kindly sympathy his vallant effort to beard the British lion | in his den. TR European critics who delight in pick- ing flaws in America’s social system should help to provide a highly re- munerative foreign circulation for some of the gossip books for which the Na- tion's Capital has provided the scenario. - ———— Connie’s Ninth Pennant, Corgratulations to Cornelius MeGil- | j licuddy! The grand old man of base ball ' has just won his ninth pennant in the ' American League. By taking yester- day’s game while Washington was los- | & $6,000,000 budget is an exceedingly modest one. But yesterday M. Hambro, delegate of Norway in 1 ealled upon the organisation to set a - aepolosionl eunple fo b3 ing, his Athletics passed the point of | mathematical certainty of champion- ship for the season, and from now until | rest on their laurels and prepare for THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGT for the world series honors and profits. Washington does not begrudge “Con- nie Mack," as Mr, McGillicuddy is best known In the world of sport, his ninth champlonship, even though he has gained it at the expense of the Capital. The Washington team for a time looked like a contender, It set a lively pace and up to early July it was a strong possibility for the capture of the pen- nant. Then came the Summer slump and little by little the gap between the Senators and Athletics widened, and for some time past the hopes of the | District devotees of the sport have rested upon the holding of second place. If the Senators could not beat Mr. Mack's team there would be some honor in beating the New York Yankees for the runner-up position. At the pres- ent moment they are in that coveted place in the race, but by a very narrow margin, precisely one game. Even to- day's doings may wipe that out and leave the two teams tied. As for the world championship, there seems to be but little question in Amer- ican League circles that “Connfe” will take it again. He won it last year handily from the same team which his men are almost certain to face this sea- son, He has two pitchers of supreme worth. The conditions of the contest will be such as to make it possible to use them almost in regular alternation throughout the series. Nevertheless, there will be the keenest interest in this competition to determine the .supreme honors of the national game for the season of 1931, = In spite of economic necessities which | call for the management of billions for public business relating to taxes and employment, popular interest always finds time for the study of private legacies. There is & strange fascination about money inheritance even among the millions who are in no way at interest. ) ‘Whatever may be the suspected short- comings of a great city's police force, there is never any idea of securing re- lief by trading off for the police force of some other great city The bargain is likely to prove too nearly equal to in- volve any hope of substantial profit either way. oo How far popular literature influences susceptible readers is a question not easily answered. Much of the informa- tion turned up by police records looks like an effort to introduce underworld mystery storles into the responsible columns of daily journalism. ———— Another Antarctic expedition is an- nounced by Richard Byrd. He should have no difficulty in finding recruits. One glance at the thermometer during the past few days would be enough to persuade almost any footloose person to offer himself as a volunteer. — . Street crowds in London greeted Gandhi with derision. Gandhi is a philosopher and would hardly expect to find the populace ready to welcome a mahatma with the same enthusiasm that might characterize greetings to a motion picture star. ——r—e——————— A winsome personality ean work wonders. Every possible honor is being shown Jimmy Walker. Only barriers of political geography apparently prevent him from being proffered greater office- holding distinctions than those he en- Joys in New York City. e September has made a record in cli- mate and again ts the wish that record-making might be confined to THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL, ‘The reappearance of Summer, after | up growth some cold weather, put the entire gar- den into a state of* derment. and roses did not know what Grass to_make of it. m‘Wfl growing, then The grass started up sagain. + The rose kept right on blooming. ‘The trees, which have never looked better in their lives, continued to re- main green and lush. Fvidently growing things were not hurt as much by the drought of last year as might have been expected. Still, lilacs in some cases have a mil- dew, or blight of some sort, and rose bushes are thin and scraggly, where Iast year they were thick and bushy. Maybe those are symptoms of drought showing up at last. X ok K x *The renewed warm weather, without rain, calls attention again to the ne- cessity for watering evergreens in the Fall, in order that they may be pre- pared to go through the Winter. There seems to be a great deal of misunderstanding on this point. o cause these plants look so harsh and dry, many householders are inclined to think they can get along very well without water. The large numbers of sickly and brownish-looking evergreens, however, shows that something is wrong. Considerably more than half of the foundation plantings one sees in going about the city have reached the point where they are no longer ornamental. Many of these bushes—small pines, junipers and so on—could be reclaimed by the simple expedient of watering them coplously. Perhaps the best way to do this is to pour on slowly, and not in a rush, one lor two bucketfuls of water every day for an extended period. Care should be taken to keep the water off the follage. be permitted to pour out of the bucket slowly, so that all of it will sink into the ground. Some advocate the boring of a series of holes in the ground, about an inch in diameter, some foot or so from the evergreen main trunk and pouring the water carefully into these. This is an advice of perfection, and no doubt is good if one feels inclined to bother with it. Most home garden- ers will ‘be content with seeing that their evergreens get plenty of water, either by bucket or hose. EE Autumn is mnormally a very dry period, and cold weather often catches evergreens which have not had a drop of water for weeks. Many persons think that freezing of water in the ground hurts plants. The truth rather seems to be that it is not the freezing which harms them as a thaw later, the latter doing in- finitely more damage. In fact, it is claimed that one of the best ways to water roses and evergreens in the Fall is immediately before a freeze, and tiht the moment the ground is frozen—and not before—one should cover the ground with some cover, such | to as a thick coat of leaves, so that the frozen state will be perpetuated. Nature is used to her children be- coming frozen in, but untimely 'flh‘nw voc probably is true enough. Like so many S:rden procedures, it is a very dif- ult matter upon which to check up. Experience teaches, however, that the main thing is to get the water into the ground where it is needed. Most ama- teurs seem to feel afraid of this late watering, for fear it “will make the plants grow.” There is not very much danger of that, if one takes care to water latc eno! Nature knows a thing or two, and put most of her children in the plant kingdom on their annual rest. Warmth will make them start The water should | resentatives of the iris, the peony, again, but scarcely water, or even food. ki And the periods of unseasonal warmth usually are so short, comparatively speaking, that shrubs and roses and growth, during Fall and Winter, before it is checked again by cold. So no one need be afraid to water plants, especially evergreens, when they obvi- ously need water, so long as the tem- perature is above freezing. xkow Now is the time to make over peren- nial borders, to transplant shrubs, to set out new roses, to plant irlses and peonies, two of the most beautiful of &ll flowers, and to put tulips and other Epl‘lnl-flnwefln5i bulbs into the ground. One may profitably .wait a little long for the tulips and other bulbs, but the remainder of the planting work mi be begun now any day one chooses, the inclination and the physical urge toward the task. Autumn is now regarded as a fine time to make lawns. Many advocate it as the best time of the year. We prefer Spring, but admit that a nice lJawn may be raised at this time, Those who have patchy grass may well put in seed at this time, and thus get the jump on the new year. Rose growers everywhere are more and mote advocating Fall planting. Roses properly planted at this time will live through the Winter about as well as older plants, and are ready at the first touch of Spring’s eternal new- ness to leap w, leafy living. « % X % Peony roots must be planted at this time, if there is to be any hope at all of bloom next season. And only the very largest. roots will so respond, any- way, at the first Spring. Iris can b2 handled with a mimimum of trouble at this time. It is a splen- 'did time for dividing plants and set- ting them around at points in the gar. den, where their bayonet-shaped leaves will do the most good. The iris is one of the few flowers that does not need much water, after the blooming season, and those who spend much time in watering them are wasting their time, as well as helping the plants get the root rot. The iris and the peony share with the gladiolus and the rose the greatest number of faithful devotees. Ordinarily the gardener who loves one of this quartet loves them all, each is so beau- tiful of its kind, so different from the other. ly, every garden, no matter how 11, ‘should h t least a fe small, shoul ave at least a few - "the gladiolus and the rose. ® % K X This is the best time of the year for remaking the perennial border, espe- cially the border in part shade, where it s futile to attempt to grow annuals of any sort. Shrubs which may have been planted in too much shade and which would do better for more sun, may be brought the perennial border at this time. ‘The list of perennials may be re- vised and extended now, as all the seed houses offer fresh plants. There are two forms of the salvia, of which the scarlet form, popularly called the scar- , is the best known, which ought to be in the garden. ‘These are perennials, as distinct from the annual, scarlet e, and are blue and white in color. ey are pretty plants, and well worth growing. In many a garden today the old- fashioned scarlet sage is at its peak, together with another old, time.tested favorite, the ageratum. Of these two, the blue ageratum is our favorite. No garden can be considered at all com- plete without a little of it. But then, why should a garden be complete? Hap- ily, it need not be, and so we leave he matter, WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. At this moment there is no situation the United States on which K:Il!“] sport and ‘kept away from the ther-|The mometer. e~ SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Traveling. ©Oh, de world keeps travelin' on his way Through de flowers toward Winter an’ de snows toward May. An' he sings as he travels along his track, “I gotto go forward, cause I can't turn back,” De moon an’ de stars hit a steady pace— No chance to linger in a restful place. We mus' all keep movin’ with no. time to slack. We gotta go forward, 'cause we can't turn back. The Fearsome Topic. “You haven't mentioned the tariff in any of your speeches.” “And I'm not going to mention it un- less forced to do so,” replied Senator Sorghum. “I find it impossible to ad- vocate any kind of a tariff that won't cause alarm to some of my most in- fluential constituents.” Silent Fortitude. ‘Why do you scream When you see & caterpillar?” “I don't know,” replied Miss Cayenne. “Come to think of it, the caterpillar is; the only one of us who is in any real danger.” Resignation. Sometimes & man with words profuse Wil shout and misbehave TiIl people mutter, “What's the use! We'll simply let him rave!” ‘Tempted. “Crimson Gulch is very quiet and comfortable since it reformed?” “Yes,” commented Broncho Bob.! “Sometimes we're a little tempted to; let the town backslide, so that a temper- ance orator will find it worth while to wake up with one of those good old- fashioned talks.” An Efficiency Study. “Bliggins is doing even less work than he used to do.” “Yes. He has gotten into the way of | wasting time for himself and o'.htl'l.; around talking sbout ‘effi- clency.’ " Alernative. Dar never was no sunshine made Bo generous an' warm It didn’t one day have to fade Into & storm. Dar never was a storm dat blew, An’ shook de cabin door, Do old sun couldn't travel through An’ ghine once more, “De man dat ‘tends strickly to his the League Assembly,’the end of the scheduled play they ean own business” sald Unele Eben, “some- times don't git mo credit ‘cep’ foh bein’ ST P 'fl: r:g. umm. Wo'r-ll; A the e 3 Te are of Foreign Wars, considerably smaller in numbers—totaling some 300,000, more or less—but compactly oxnlud and capable of clearing for ective action, as they periodically do. * kXX Congress regularly and religiously bends the knee to Leglon demands. According to Legion leaders, the shoe is really on the other foot, for it is said to be vote-chasing office holders who the service men on to ury raids. The soldiers bitterly resent the charge that they are a tin-cup brigade. At any rate, Congress passed the soldiers’ bonus over President Cool- idge's veto and the bonus loan bill over President Hoover's veto last Winter. If the Detroit convention plumps for fur- loan legislation at the com- b the :glncu favor. its e ough it is problematical whether s White House veto this time could be overridden. “The Legion vote” is more seductive than ever on the eve of & congressional election, so nobody can tell what a House and the third of a Senate craving for perpetua- Unnoticed for the most part, the American Legion has steadily mounted into the position of political potency so long wielded by the Grand Army of the Republic after the Civil War. From 1868 to 1896 the Repub- lican party, over a period of nearly 30 years, nominated no man for President who was not & Civil War veteran— Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Harrison, Mc- Kinley, in the order named. In 1880 the Democrats went to the veterans for their candidate—Gen. Hancok—and in 1896 the Gold Demoorats put up Gen. John M. Palmer. * K ok K 1t is for the time being in the local political situation that “the Legion vote” | makes itself most felt. Hardly a State, county or city mominating convention | nowadays, of either party, is not heavily | saturated with Legion influence, .An| aspirant who has the service men's backing enters the lists with a distinet advantage over an opponent whom the Tegion opposes. The day will inevi- tably dawn when the organization will invade the national political fleld as the G. A. R. did. The average Legion- naire today is a man of anywhere be- tween 25 and.40. He is just begin- ning to be politically consclous. He has as comrades & score of men, gen- erally older than himself, who have achieved natlonal prominence and are known to cherish national ambitions, The foremost of these are Pat Hurley, Secretary of War, and Hanford Mac- Nider, American Minister to Canada. Every time his 2d Division cronies have. a reunion, MicNider is re-nomi- nated for President of the United States. * % k * Senator Simeon D. Fess of Ohlo, chairman of th: Republican National Committee, no longer looks upon t ssion as a psychological phantom no existence in fact. He's just dis- closed what haj to him recently when he tried to make a touch at his bank. To & Buckeye constituent the B e one thing lacking 1s confidbnet , [on the rai .| pinnacle of the he | State (the 103d story) and encountared n!eotmaxm‘tuhwg“man cure this lack of confidence, but, like the mumps, it must work itself out. Last week I asked s banker to loan me $6,000 to be applied on the build- ing of & new . “The banker threw up his hands and said: , Senator, we can't make any loans at present. While we are sound, we must remain in a liquid condition’ I in- formed him that it would be neces- sary for me to take out my in loan associations. Applica- associations in which This | heen widened to - | more lanes of trafic. That case is U‘:Il‘ud States. That spells depres- sion.” * x X H It shouldn't be long now before the Interstate oommsrcen&mmmlcn passes iroads” ition for a flat 15 cent increase in freight rates. e carriers win, they will be some $500,000,000 to the l,m ‘The, commis- sion, dividing itself in® subcommis- thdea %0 day "‘:"”m"‘“m“‘:"' light dif- ende: ys o n’ el - ferent cities—Washington, ‘hicago, Portland, Me.; Portland, Oreg.; Francisco, Salt Lake City, as and Atlanta, Beginning September 21, oral pan| day in court before the full commission bench in Washington. Optimists ex- pect a decision in Octaber. Guesses continue to fluctuate between & yes and no verdict. A middle-of-the-road prophecy is that the rate boost will be granted, “with exceptions.” »isi % That hardy quadrennial, the Borah boom for President, invariably gives “Big Bill” a legitimate thrill, but flls him with no delusions of grandeur. The Idahoan has been inoculated too often with the same virus without its ever having taken. Borah once said to this observer, when there was talk of his being the 1924 Progressive candidate: “I've about as much chance to become President of the United States as I have to 'be crowned King of England.” The Senate Relations chairman ‘wouldn't harbor hopeless emotions if he were once nominated by a Re- publican convention. But there, he knows, is the rub, He just can’t see & owned and bossed by the stand- pat element of the G. O. P. handing over the blue ribbon to him. Borah ‘would probably say to a Republican Na- tional Convention what he habitually says to the Republicans of Idaho, “I'll accept your senatorial nomination, if you give it to me, but don't expect me to wear your collar. I always wear my own brand and I change the style as my conscience dictates.” * X ok ox Recent inauguration of Richard B. Russell, s Go recalls an’ incident which when his father, the present chief Justice of the State, ran for Governor and was defeated. The result depressed Richard, jr.s, mother, and to consols the 1ad said, “Never mind, mother hen I grow to be a man I will be and you will be the first lady i s now been fulfilled. o e * %k body knows that crowd decided to run up the Empire State Building in New York 40 or 50 feet higher than originally planned In order that it would top the glittering a Chrysler sullflln( Here’s the latest wisecrack on the sub- Ject: Al and John Raskob journ ) to the mooring-mast floor of the ire occurred Al Smith's o | Prom the Worcester Evening Gazette. D. C., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 1931. Hardship Pointed Out In Cotton Restriction To the Editor of The Star: It seems silly and childish to read what public men are saying today in &q:hrdmmme:uflfi for-n“-ph, e and ivation of cot- of farm hands means that who are now employed will be idle in T e :he part of s idle? It cer- arm products to millions of the tainly is & brilliant idea of those who say give us less cotton and we will give you in exchange a L of unemployed and you will get more for what cotton you produce. I sup- pose these unemployed, half-naked peo- le will be able to buy cotton! And hose who must care for them until they can get work, with this additional burden, will be abie to buy your cotton at a higher price. And with the reduc- tion in quantity the prices must be much er even to equalize the situa- find ourselves would simply be nd tragical. Again, no iater than 1930, 23 of our 48 States suffered more or less from an unprecedented drought for this country. Can the men who would foster a reduction of cotlon or any other useful product insure these United States against drought, floods or other calamities that might befall us during 19322 The great crop of this present ear could easily be consumed if the u people of city and town could t and pay for it. Our means of distribution—of paying the producer, portation in getting the luce on the market and to the people—is the problem. In such an event of drought, flood (such as we had recently in the Mississippi Valley) frost to kill fruit, etc., we would need the reduced acreage to cover the loss. The thing that should be done is to devise means by which this so-called over- production can be distributed to the needy, unfed, half-clothed and badly- housed. he necessities of the un- employed—the people in dire need in this country—were met, the so-called overprogu n would disappear like dew before the Summer sun. With our great fruit crop and thousands of bushels of apples and peaches going to waste, thousands of families in our cities will hardly see an l&p‘le or peach unless they see them on market or some fruit stand. We need a Joseph to see that the starving le are fed, the naked clothed an homeless housed. This is no time for idle dream- ing and impractical speculation, but for wise and timely action. I was in a home a short time ago in which the husband said there had been no bread for several days and the wife, surround- ed by three little half-clad children, had on a dress made out of two or three odd ones of different colors. My experience in trying to secure adequate |help for dependent families in most cases has en very unsatisfactory. (Possibly I may say more in reference to this later.) 1 say this, our problem is nation-wide and must concern and engage the heads of our Government, the leaders in our churches, and the benevolent of all—our le and those who have the present and future of humanity at heart. It is a situation that we must meet—a crisis that must be tided over, and it will tax the brains and resources of the Nation to do it. ‘W. J. HUBBARD. R Traffic Congestion Mars Park Driving To the Editor of The Star: ‘The pleasure of a drive through Rock Creek Park of a Sunday or holiday is diminished because of traffic congestion. Drivers who proceed at less than the speed limit and visitors who park on both sides of the roadways are respon- sible for this condition. The main roads of Jarge parks in other cities, notably Central Park, New York, and Prospect Park, Brooklyn, are one-way thorough- fares which allow vehicles to proeceed and are 50 laid out that it a] itly would be feasible to route ”"‘E way be- instead each direction and would enable vehicles proceeding at the maximum speed to pass those which move at a more lei- surely rate. It is not desirable that the beautiful winding roads of our famous park be used for , mor is it desirable that the sure of & drive be spoiled because of the annoyance of congestion. In many cities the principal iwo-way roads of public parks have provide for three or ‘The pleasure also of a sightseeing trip through the public parks of Washington is diminished because of the obsolete parking pro in vogue here. The parking of cars along the roadways shuts out the view of the scenery. Some- times both sides of the roadway in the vicinity of Hains Point, Potomac Park, for example, present an unbroken line of parked cars and the visitor can see little or nothing of the interesting sights ‘ml:‘ his car. » progressive communities parking is permitted only in certain designated areas of public parks and not along the roadways. Great spaces have been set apart where cars are parked by the hundreds and thousands in regimental formation, as Washington visitors to Bear Mountain State Park, New York, and Jones Beach State Park, Long Is- land, may have observed. At the latter resort the parking space is a sunken area and the parked cars do not inter- fere with the view in any direction. The lver desired it in the play, but he cannot stand h’: :I‘:n‘l;!:: for an indefinite period and obstruct the road and view. More enjoyment When “ImBroved et ‘redulekons 1o e them are put into effect. o LEWIS L. YOUNG. “Scooters” Add to Needless City Din ‘To the Editor of The Star: Your editorial in Sunday’s Star re- garding street noises and shattered nerves was timely and was without a doubt read with interest by many peo- ple who detest noise of any kind, espe- clally when it is served with the in- tense heat of the past few days. Back- firing automobii:s and rattletrap street care are awful moise producers, it is | true, but what abayt the terrible clatter and roar that ccme from those impro- . vised scooters b@llt with iron roller skate wheels and empty wooden boxes and used by children of all ages on our sidewalks, thus proving not only & detri- ask onfgired and they the | clearly ous | Wears a glove with 1 | macy, may deliver his party to any|ry; ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIG J. HASKIN. ‘This great service is maintained by Evening Star for the benefit of its lers who may use it every day with- cost to themselves, All they have for any information de- receive prompt mall. Questions must be tten and stated as briefly as possible, Inclose two-cent stamp for return postage and address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. Has Billy Burke, the open golf chlmazlon, any nngn missing? II so, | how does he lflmn club?—D. N. A. The Amer! QGolfer says that Billy Burke had the fourth finger of his left hand snj off at the second joint and his little finger of this same and was also clij slightly, while working at an eyelet machine. He a sponge, fitted in- side on the palm of his hand, to aid him in gripping the golf club firmly. Q. Who was in charge in Porto Rico while Gov. Roosevelt was in this coun- try this Summer?—E. L. A. Attorney General James A. Bev- erly was Acting Governor. ho plays accompaniments answers QU W the for Singin’ Sam?—H. M. B. A. He plays his own, Q. How did the custom originate of saying “God bless you” when a person sneezes?—S, O. A. When one sneezes without re- straint, the sound is supposed to re- semble “God bless you.” Q. What Giovernment itions have been held by Dwight Morrow?—O. C. T. A. Mr. Dwight W. Morrow was ap- pointed Ambassador to Mexieo in 1927; delegate to the sixth Pan-Amer- ican Conference, in 1928; delegate to the Naval Conference, London, 1930; :l’ec(ed to the United States Senate in AQF,'X- France as large as Texas?— A. The area of France is 212,050 square miles. This includes the Island of Corsica. The area of Texas is 265, 896 square miles. * Q. Under what orders is the annual n_egu conducted at Santa Fe, N. Mex.? 5.4 A. The orders issued in 1712 by the Marques de la Penuela are observed in this flesta. Q. In pre-war days were the le of Pennsylvania united in favor of abolition of slavery?—N. D. A. In 1860 an attempt was made in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to permit Negro slavery. Q. How far back can the Chinese drama be traced?—C. G. A. L. C. Arlington, author of “The Chinese Drama,” carries it back as far as the eigthh century B.C. Q. What is done with the aleohol taken out of near beer?—H. O. P. A. The Bureau of Prohibition sa; that most near beer is made as fol- loks: Regular beer is made and then dealcoholized by hu'.lnblu. alcohol industrial alcohol. a Government industrial Q. Has the Leviathan two smokestacks or three?—H. M. . Q. The fruit of the tree looks m-rnm it called & conifer?—L. L. C. A. The fruft of the gingko looks like a amr sul ,.but is very much more like a cone than & drupe in actual structure. The otder to which the gink- 80 belongs is one of three orders of Gymnosperms, or plants with naked seeds, the most important of which is the“order of cone: trees, or conifers. The ginkgo is closely allied to the conifers and 18 ealled a deciduous conifer, or cone-beating tree, which drops its leaves yearly. Q. Are modern Greeks of short stature?—V. D, G. A. The true modern Greek is of tall staure, attractive appearance, and of temperate habits, but the popula- tion is to a considerable extent mixed #s a result of various incursions and mi- grations, and in recent times intermix- ture with other races and commerce has to a great extent removed their distinctive characteristics, Q. What can be used fo destroy spiders, which are so numerous just now?—H. P. A. The Bureau of Entomology savs that there is no spréy which can be used to destroy the spiders which are appearing at this time of the year in considerable numbers. The best thing to do is to kill each individual spider "h’: appears and to wipe away their webs. K, When did Willlam Waldorf Astor nbecom. lfl a naturalized Englishman?— A. He was naturalized in England in 1899 after a residence of about nine years. Q. What university offers a course in transportation engineering?—S. N. A. The University of Michigan has recently established a four-year course of this kind. A special degree will be given graduates, reading “'Bachelor &:I?we in Engineering (Transporta- n). Q. When was the first Kentucky Der- by run?—V. H. A. The first Kentucky Derby took place in May, 1875. Aristides won the purse of $3,100 before a gallery of 10,000 people. Q. Who was the original suthor of the ventures of Baron Mun- chausen”?—J. A. A. Rudolf Erich Raspe (1737-1794). His authorship was not revealed until , by the blographer of its trans- Burger. tor, Q. Is Anna Eva Fay, the mind reader, A. It has three. One of them is used, however, for ventilation only. Is Gr edited pra-emmflu“mfi. mmu' t an Was The settlement is credited Chicago Daily News to “tactful " with ition Fascist government the sole and absolute right to mold the education of the young, by the government that nmu edu tion is a function of the lishes a basis for co-operation church and state, Practical difficulties may be encountered, but these will be dealt with as they develop. Doubtless further compromises are contemplated. There is much in common between the Fescist state and the church. Both em- phasize duty, discl) triotism, and condemned certain government, dress and social life gen- erally.” * K X ¥ ‘The difficulties involved are empha- sized by the Providence Bulletin, with the statement: “Here were two sov- erejgnties existing ‘side by side within Iuly.ouhvl&luowncat.mlodo- in dh'ecfi%'.hu lives _of the . Fascist state rec- ognized the rights of the church in spiritual affairs, while the church rec- the rights of the state in the sical or material. But there is a rder-line territory between the sov- erelgnties in which each asserted its " ‘The Bulletin eon- church and state the imperative,need for settlement, the hard pressure of reall it facts if you will—forced an accommodation of theory to the demands of the situ- ation, and it is a tribute to the subtle di tic skill of the Vatican and tion of cludes: “For defini A dge the chasm ‘fi-‘t g issue had split open—without at o S e of the two protai .’ “It .mfn to_have been brought about without either Mussolini or the Pope capitulating.” says the Charlotte Observer, while the Cincinnatl Times- Star remarks that a long w&n “has been patched up by one of - ant agreements that concede victory to both sides.” The Times-Star this statement with the comment: ment to our nerves, but & danger to our limbs as well. The Northeast and Southeast sec- tions of our city are great sufferers of the box scooter nuisance, and, to use a well known expression, “Somef ought to be done about it.” ‘THOMAS A. BURNS, Women in Pajamas Fulfill Greek Saying To the Editor of The Star: It has been said that time solves all riddles. We now have proof of the truth of this saying. The age-old ques- tion ded by Pythagoras, the Greek philosopher, has at last been answered. He is quoted as nr{tng. “Sunt bipes, homo et avis et tertium quid.” A liberal translation would be, “Of two-footed creatures there is man. birds and a third something.” What is this third something? Woman in her beach pajamas. JOHN P. oo Economy. myuumwmnunmmok 000 from its yearly income and call ool Vs i 15,000 Catholic youth clubs are Llloaomwlde to reorganize (which is what Pope Plus XI on_condition that they do , Which, ot engage in_political , ccording to the Vati- they never did. can, On the other teresting to tvilege, for it is ty in fact rather d that the harmony of the state in Italy must rest.” . * k kX '] “The nub of the entire controversy "',,,_,2‘ still is, child control, and why this has been permanently set- tled remains to be seen,” in the judg- Springfield y:,mm') ‘Union, church and mporior{tgé and that was the educa-| o), omats that were able, | 64U d"rl , to .tfl.‘hfl'fiymflp— evidently has somef sleeve when government clal scopic character. Italy’s Church-State Aecord to Compromise Average Vocabulary? ' To the Edltor of The Star: About 30 years ago, a statement con- cerning the vocabulary of the average uneducated man made the rounds of at random at 20, 30 or 50 pages, and count the words on each Ppage that are his own. Strike an average and mull by the number of in the le’ml, and the result 'El"_ very accurate estimate of h: ple words are included, such can learn to spell. He knows hundreds of words like aeroplane, velocipede, kaleidoscope, etc., which are m:u ‘included, pe, etc., W] are For Washington To the Editor of The Star: ‘The Senator’ from Jonesboro, Ark., thing up his political he the