Evening Star Newspaper, May 24, 1931, Page 1

WEATHER. (U. 8. Weather Bureau Porecast.) Fair, with slowly rising temperature today; tomorrow, fair and warmer. Temperatures—Highest, 57, 2t 12 noon yesterday; lowest, 51, at 6 a.m. yes- terday. Full report on page 7. “From Press to Home Within the Hour” The Star is delivered every evening and Sunday morning to Washington homes by ‘The Star's exclusive cartler service. Phone National 5000 to start immediate delivery. Star SUNDAY MORNING, MAY 24, 1931—-108 PAGES. WITH DAILY EVENING EDITION (#) Means Associated Press. FIVE CENTS TEN CENTS IN WASHINGTON AND SUBURBS ELSEWHERE Entered as post office, No. 1,366— No. 31,799 sgcond claes matter WASHINGTON, D. ¢ o KANSAS BOY WINS ORATORY CONTEST CRLIS ALTERNATE Robert Gibson Rayburn, 16, Son of Evangel‘@t, Eighth National Champion. JIMMY MOORE OF D. C. TAKES FOURTH HONOR 1 Three Ballots Required in Decid- ing Contest—Spokane Boy Third—Bingham Speaker. | | Robert Gibsen Rayburn of Newton, | Kans., 16-year-old son of a Presbyterian | evangelist, last night won the oratori- | cal championship of the United States | in the final meeting of the Eighth Na- tional Oratorical Contest in Constitu- tion Hall { Miss Ever Louise Conner of Chicago, | 16 years old and the only girl in the | contest finals, won second honors and was proclaimed official alternate. William J. Codd of Spokane, Wash., | slso 16, was third in the rating ac-/ corded by the official board of judges. Jimmy Moore, Washington's 15-year- old Western High School entrant, cap- | tured ‘fourth place in the final rating. | ©On the first ballot he tied for third place and the second and third votes of the judges eased this gallant little, speaker into fourth position. | Three Ballots Required. ! Three ballots were required to deter- | mine the winner, so closely rated were the contestants in last night’s final Schooled in the extreme test of extem- porancous speaking, the seven orators| who comprised ths finalist field in the | contest this year were unanimously pronounced by contest officials as the most consistently high-grade group of young speakers yet to contend for the mpionship. u‘;y p\‘fllue pal his victory last night, young Rayburn won the silver trophy, which was presented to him, following the announcement of the results, by John Hays Hammond, internationally famous engineer and prominent patron of the Oratorical Contest its foun: .~ As champlon of the United | States, yburn will be ‘this country’s spokesman in the international finals in Constitution Hall here next October when the best high school orators of Europe and pan-America will contend for the world championship. 1 In the midst of the student oratory in last night's contest meeting, Sena- tor Hiram Bingham of Connecticut sounded & w-mm‘mnnmst the dangers whwh,m::m:m. Lh:up;c;:sc W}'!;?;-‘ ment 0. ies of lib- erty and individualism upon Which the Constitution is built. The United ! States, the Senator declared, is “suffer- ing from too much government” and | its tion is effected too readily by | lism rather than by sound ghinking. ROBERT RAYBURN, Oratory Contest Winner —Star Stafl Photo. BYSTANDER KLLED A PODLODH RO for Man Quizzed in Speakeasy Shooting. BULLETIN. Irvin S. Zirkle died in Emergency Hospital early this morning. Swaggering into a Ninthx strect pool room last pight wif his hip pocket and an a2utomatic. pistol clad youth shot a man through the stom- ach in an alleged effort to “get” another man who had been rel'ased by police two hours eariier after being arrested in connection Witl a recent shooting in a Restriction to Nation. These present-day tendencies, he as- | L e oy vt e | wih and development of the Na- " because they represent ‘the wis-| dom of the present rather than the| ities of the future.” In the con- Helusion of his opening address, Senator | “Bingham, who last year was a member | Hof the board of mfin of the contest, | ,urged an understanding and an ap.| reciation of the principles on which | Constitution is based. | Rayburn’s victory was won on two speeches. The first, a prepared oratio on “The Tests of the Constitution was delivered in six minutes, and the second, an_extemporaneous address on “The Conflict Between Jeflerson and | Hamiiton,” was barely presented within the ailowed four minutes. The time- keeper's whistle, as a matter of fact.| sounded just as he uttered the final| word of a concluding sentence. The results of the judees decision were announced by Newbold Noyes, a soctate editor of The Star, the sponsor- ing newspaper of the contest in Wash- ington and the neighboring counties of | Maryland and Virginia. The pronuncia- | “(Continued on Page 2, Column 4. WOMAN NEAR DEATH | AFTER AUTO WRECK. Four Others Injured; Capital Wom- an Driver Arrested by Police. of the Chapin street, was re- Apartments, 1474 ported in a critical condition at Emer gency Hospital as the resuit of an auto- | mobile accident on the C: e | near Four Corners. Md., late yesterday Three other Washington women and | cne from Alexandrid, Va, also were re- ported hurt and another Wi nian, Mrs. Ruth Irene P Varnum street, was arrested gomery police on a charge ariviog. Miss Agnes Sheetz street, Alexandria, a FEmergency Hospital, r condition vias not reported as being serious. Miss 235 Randolph place 48 O street, and 3110 y Mont- of reckless Fay nitted to Wilhelmina Rose, Miss Audrey Hott Miss Annabelle Rogers, 1321 Belmont street, received first-aid treatment a Walter Reed Hospital and were taken to_their homes. Those injured were occupants of a machine driven by Miss Rose which was in collision with the car dr Mrs, Pritchard. The first thrown into a culvert and upset. Police- man D, L. Snyder of the Montgomery County _department s Mis. Pritchar¢ when witnesses said her auto. mobile emerged from a side road on the left of Miss Rose’s machine. The five women were pinned in the machine and were rcscued by Paul Cur- ran, who resides nearby and who raid he witnessed the accident. All of the injured were taken to the Army Medi- cal Center by Montgomery County palice. Miss David, according to hospital at- tondants, recéived & compound fracture of the right leg, Which may necessi- tate amputation. Three hours after she was admitted to the hospital she was still in an operating room. Her yight arm also was broken Mrs. Pritchard was released later by police in bail of $500. Y . hingto- | speakeasy. The wounded man is Irvin S. Zirkle, 27, of th> §00 block of Ninth street. The bullet, fired, according to police, by Robert E, Martz, 456 C strect north- east, entered Zirkle's side, passed through his body and struck another man, inflicting a superficial kound Zirkic's condition is ecritical. The shooting was the third of. the week involving alleged gangster activities Both victims of the other shootings died v Police said Martz entered the pool room at 937 Ninth street in search of Vernon Hawks, who had been held in connection with the shootihg last Sat- urday night of Burt Smith in a speak- on I near Twelfth street. The pistcl with which Smith was shot is said to ha been turned over to police by Jack Cunningham, polic2 informey, who was sht tp death by an unknown gunman in an alley near Fourteenth and H street early Tues- day morning. Hawks, poiice said, was found in the spe y after Smith had been shot, and was taken into custody for ques- tion: He was released and picked (Continued on Page 4, Column 2.y YOUTH TIED TO TREE AFTER BEING ROBBED Student Sfl'y’; H; was Lured nto Auto by Three Men and Left on Golf Course. Bli am Robertson, 2: 1d_stu- dent. of the Bliss Electrical Sctool, re- d to th ice of No. 13 precinct today that he hed been tied up to & trez in the Rock Creek golf course ust off ex and Underwood treets by e men who picked him p in thelr automobile and robbed him of $28 Robertson _raid he leaving a theater at Thirtecnth and F streets wten the threc men drove by and of- fered to take him to the Bliss School in Takoma Park. He said he entered the machine and drove out Sixteenth strect. Uni wood, he said the d r turned the golf cource, where ussed with adhesive tape d him w 2y Tobbe: ed him (o a tree He sald he managed to free himsclf |in about 10 minutes and went to the precinct to report the robbery SCHUMANN-HEINK SCORES WOMEl;I h a pint of gin in' in his hand, a 20-year-old, knicker-| | Thomas Morse biplane NEW YORK “SAVED” BY AIR ARMADA 1Slug Said to Have Been Meant Officials Declare Maneuver Success, Only One Plane of 597 in Mishap. By the Assoclated ¥ MITCHEL FIELD, N. Y. May 23— Safely. nestled down for the night, 596 of the 597 planes that left Mitchel, Roosevelt, Fairchild £nd Curtiss-Wright Fields to defend New York City against the air attacks of a mythical eir force, were awaiting the last phase of the maneuvers that will take them to Bos- ton and surrounding cities tomorrow. The plane that did not return was a of the B8th Squadron of the 104th Observation Group which fell into the East River. | 1t was piloted by Lieut. A. L. Jewett of Fort Sill, Okla, a Regular Army pilot, who was unhurt. H's passenger, Ed- ward Dowling, a photographer of the New York Daily News, suffered lacera- tions of the left leg. Brig. Gen. Benjamin D. Foulois, as- istant chief of the Army Air Corps, and the commander of the 1st Provis- Air Division, sald that he was fled with the maneuvers. He said: escue system by patrol boats Th. claim is made that lottery tickets |tration, shown | yere sold to members of the local union | himself on the side of some change in Division | presumed to be opposed to the action of | the prohibition laws, although his nomi- | 1t exceptionally well as maneuvers today. headquarters found that radio contact with the control planes while in the proved satisfactory. Trubee Davi- son, Assistant Secretary of War for Aviaton, states from his observation of the demonstration it was a success.” Main Problem Ahead. main problem of the maneuvers before the busy stafl. Ac- o0 the plans Ar,rmu;ztfid months gton, a mythical enemy v England coast. air division will country from a morning. The first > Mitchel Field shortly It is expected that by permitting, the Army ian fields, which tire resources over have returned to their The still lie cording planes will lea have turned ex to the Army ad already settled routine that might 918, but tomor- tures will dis. will be kitchens down tonight have taken pla appear, t folded aw will n be The plished withor were aided by and glided to plane ent was accom- The pilots vesterly wind formation land- iloted a Mis- ane in the long cockpit with a He refused to line, climbed smile of satl comment Will Go to Boston. Gen. Douglas Arthur, chief of stafl, will les 1 tomorrow, piloted by Cap er, for the Boston Afrport | be accompanied (Continued on 3, Column 3.) OPPOSING ALIEN-BORN CHILDREN i Turns Back to Audience to Sing to Youngsters on Stage | By the Associated Press | SACRAMENTO, May 23— Mme. Ernestine Schumann-Heink, world- famed singer, has rebuked war mothers her: because of thelr protesis concern- dren at a recital marking dedication of {a memorial auditorium. City Manager James Dean told Mme. Schumann-Heink some of the mothers | Negro, Portuguese and Italian children on the stage. The women thought such a “melting pot” aggregation was not representative of the American race. Last night the singer turned her back | upon her adult audience and, facing the ing appearance of foreign-blooded chil- | had protest-d the scheduled appear- | |ance last night of Chinese, Japanese, | After War Mothers Object. bank of well scrubbed black, yellow and white facts, crooned a mother's lullaby cspecially for them. Then the chil dren sang “The Star Spangled Bannei with her When Schumann-Heink finished her singing_and after the applause dizd daw, she stepped to the footlights and said: “As & war mother I khow what it means to suffer. I gave five sons, four {0 Uncle Bam and one to his old. father- nd. “It is up to the war mothers to teas! their children the love of law—and :w}: make a difference between black or yellow or brown or white skins “Don’t_make a difference in race or creed. You make war among your- selves—through your children.” 0. GRAND JRY 10 PROBE AFFARS OF ENGNEER UNION Officials Who Escaped Gun- man’s Bullets to Expose Alleged Embezzlement. 'HORSEWHIPPING EPISODE Rover Learns Attack by Woman Was Part of Lottery Scheme. The District grand jury this will inquire into an slleged embezzle- ment of benefit funds of the Inter- | national Union of Operating Engineers, an investigation of which by union offi- attack on three lunch room last Wednesday. Arthur M. Huddell," president of the union, and John Possehl, general secre- tery, who were preparing to expose the alleged peculations of a former union official, escaped injury in the gunman's | fustllade, but Prank Langdon, 72-year- old editor, was wounded critically in the | eye by a bullet. The former officer involved in the fund accusations wes in Chicago st the time of the shooting and is still there, it is sald. He may be brought here to face the grand jury. To Probe Lottery Scheme. United States Attorney Rover said | that in addition to presenting the em- | bezzlement, charges to the grand jury, { his office is investigating a report that the recent hor union officlal : ewhipping of another | was part of a lottery | to be the horsewhip used in the fracas. While' the district attorney will pre- sent to the grand jury only evidence | bearing directly on the fund charges, it |is_considered likely the jury may de- | ticns marking tangled affairs of the union. Disturbances which began when international cfficers assumed control of the local union some months ago first came to public Haury, union supervisor, was horse- whipped on th- street by a woman last April and reached a climax in the shooting last week. Jury te Be Shown Copies of Checks. Rover has directed Assistant District Attorney Fitzpatrick to present to the grand jury a bundle of photostatic copies of checks involving a sum total- ing slightly more than $36,000. The local authorities have no jurisdiction over an additional fund of approxi- i mately $136,000 involved in securities held to the credit of the international union in Chicago. The securities, how- { ever, also are the subject of accusations against the former union officer. | "The ch2cks to be brought to the {grand jury's attention are alleged to | indicate that the ousted official con- verted to his own use $36,000 which should have gone to the union's bene- | fit fund. Officers of a local bank prdb- ably will be summoned to testify re- garding the checks. i The securities in a Chicago safe de- | posit box were found on investigation {by union officials to have been pur- chased without authority, it is alleged. | Union investigators ar- said to fear they lare worth but a fraction of the sum | invested in them. The “horsewhip-lotter; | to_ Rover's attention b jofficers of the union, is tory, brought international a strange one. { Huddell and Possehl in suspending local |officers and installing Haury as super- | visor of the union's affairs On the face of the tickets was the {likeness of Haury, and on the rever: | a picture of a horsewhip. Such a ticket, lmd to have been sold by a former local official, is in the possession of the dis- | trict attorney. It bears also a number. |~ The tickets, it is declared by friends of Haury, were to be shaken in a hat {and the “lucky nwmber” drawn from { the hat was to entitle its holder to “the horsewhip that whipped Haury.” In accordance with the scheme, it is alleged, Haury was ettacked in front | of union headquarters at Tenth and K | streets by a woman, who lashed him | Several men | | savagely with the whip, are said to have assisted her. The wom- | an was reported to suspended member of the local union, Photographer on Hand. | The claim is made, further, that the | whipping was so carefully arranged that |even a photographer was on hand to photograph the “event” for edification {of Haury's enemies. Whether or not |the whip actually was awarded as a | prize is unknown. | Although Haury's assailants were ar- j rested, the United States attorney's office { finally declined to act at that time, in { accordance with a decision not to inter- fere in troubles of the union. It was | revealed that Mr. Rover previously had |refused to issue a warrant Haury and other international officers for an alleged “assault” on the deposed | 1ocal officials | "1f Mr. Rover's investigation of the | horsewhipping incident :hould justify | him in abandoning his aloofness. it is | considered probable he may grant the | original request for a warrant against the international group Col. Easby-Smith has asserted that Rover's office attributed its “hands-off” | policy to a reluctance to “air labor troubles in court.” By refusing to act in the horsewhip- ping case, the union attorney declared, {Rover “invited” further violence, cli~ | maxed by the shooting. 1 into the line of fire intended for Hud- dell and Possehl. The assailant, a stranger dressed in a pair of new over- alls, emptied two revolvers before flee- ing in a waiting automobile. One bullet [hit Huddell over the heart, but was | fiattened against a notebook in his pocket. Possehl’s face was scorched by two shots Hospital in serious condition from a wound through the eye. TOADS ON LONG HOP VANCOUVER, B. C., May 23 (®).—A cargo of “hops” will arrive here Mon- day en route to the United States, but 1iv’s nothing for the prohibition depart- ment to worry about. i The Canadian Pacific Jiner Empress of Russia is bringing several thousand live toads from China and Japan to be distributed from Indianepolis tc med- jcal schools and laboratories through the continent for biblogical purposes. IS BEING INVESTIGATED| week | clals immediately preceded a daring gun | of the officers in a | scheme, the grand prize in which was | cide to delve into the maze of ramifica- | notice when Charles | be the wife of a| against | oy Langdon is believed to have gotten | Langdon is at Emergency | O - 4 F*r' BAKERRODSEVELT BATILE 1S SEEN FOR NOMINATION !New York Governor Faces Real Fight With Ohio’s “Favorite Son.” | BY G. GOULD LINCOLN. | | A major battle for the Democratic | nomination for President will be waged ! in the Democratic National Convention | a yesr from now between Gov. Franklin | D. Roosevelt of New York and former | Secretary of War Newton D. Baker of Diplomatic Rupture Forecast' Cleveland, Ohio, in the opinion of some of the most well informed and astute ! leaders of the Democracy today. Such a battle does not necessarily | i mean that the nomination ultimately | will go to either Roosevelt or Buker. ‘There are other Democratic presidential possibilities whom the lightning miy | now. unless Gov. Roosevelt should make | & runaway race of the presidential pref- erential primaries net Spring, a sharp | contest at the opening of the conven- | tion balloting is likely to develop be- | tween the New Yorker and Ohio’s “little | great man.” Roosevelt Out in Front. It has been common taik for a long time that Gov. Roosevelt “is out in | tront” in the race for the presidential | nomination. However, in recent weeks { there has been more and more talk of | Newton D. Baker as a serious contender for the nomination. Mr. Baker's strength, it is said, will lie in. the fact | that he was an important figure in the | World War and in the Wilson adminis- nd the fact that he has ranged nation would not be regarded as offen- | sive to the Southern dry Democrats in | the same degree as would the nomina- tion of former Gov. Alfred E. Smith of | New York or Gov. Albert C. Ritchie of Maryland. Another name which is constantly { mentioned in connection with the Dem- { ocratic presidential nomination is that of Owen D. Young of New York, chair- { man of the board of the General Elec- | tric Co.- Mr. Young, however, so con- | sistently discourages any effort to start | 2 boom for him that the practical poli- ticians in the Democratic party are | wondering how on_earth he could ever | " (Continued on Page 3, Column 2. TODAY’S STAR | PART ONE—28 PAGES. General News—Local, National | _ Foreign | Schools and Colleges-—Page B-6 Veterans of Foreign Wars—Page B-10. PART TWO—8 PAGES. l Editorials and Editorial Features. | At Community Centers—Page 4 | Serial Story, “Robbers’ Roost"—Page 5 | Parent.Teacher Activities—Page 6. | | The Home Garden—Page 6. I PART THREE—10 PAG! Society Seetion . A R. Activities—Page 7. Gold Star Mothers—Page 8. PART FOUR—10 PAGE ‘Amuscmrm Section—Theater, | ~and Radio, In the Motor Worli—Page 4. Aviation—Page 5. | News of the Clubs—Page 6. American Legion—Page 6. Organized Reserves—Page 6. | Marine Corps News—Page 6. | Fraternities—Page 7. District of Columbis Naval Reserve— Page 8 i Army and Navy News—Page 8. | Spanish War Veterans—Page 8. | Y. W. C. A, News—Page 8. ; Radio—Page 9. | PART FIVE—4 PAGES. Section. PART SIX—I12 PAGES. Financial News and Classified Adver- | tising. District National Guard—Page 12 Disabled Veterans—Page 12 C. T. U—Page 12. PART SEVEN—20 PAGE! Magazine Section. The Bridge Forum—Page 14. Reviews of the New Books—Page 15. Notes of Art and Artists—Page 16. News of the Music World—Page 17. Cross-word Puzzle—Page 18. | Boys' and Girls' Page—Page 19, GRAPHIC SECTION—8 PAGES, ‘World Events in Pictures. COLORED SECTION—8 PAGES, Tarzan; Moon Mullins; Mr. and Mr: and Screen | | sports | tle Orphan Annie: Highlights of His- tory and Mutt and Jefl., Hounds Trailing Trio Lost, but Robbery Suspects Are Taken By the Assoc! 'd Press. OKLAHOMA CITY, May 23 —A blocd hound brought from the McAlester Prison last night to track three bank robber sus- pects was listed as lost today, long after the suspects had been apprehended. Somewhere in the Jack Oak country southeast of Luther three other canine sleuths were on their packmate's trail. PAPAL NUNCIO EXIT FROM PANLOONS as Vatican Bars Envoy Named by Republic. By the Associated Press. MADRID, May 23.—The Spanish tled tonight when it was reported in authoritative circles that Papal Nuncio Tedeschini might leave Madrid in a few days During the past week Mgr. Tede- schini has been holding frequent secre! conferences with President Niceto Al cala Zamora concerning Pope Pius note of protest against recent anti- church riots and destruction of church property. In the past such departures of papal nuncios have been regarded as & pro: logue to a rupture of diplomatic rela- tions. It was said a secretary probably would be left in charge of the nuncia- tura here. Creed Freedom Guaranteed. This latest development follows upon last night's cabinet decree guaraniee- ing equal freedom of worship for all creeds in Spain, generally regarded as the first step toward separating the state and church. Many Catholics consider this decree as a direct viola- tiorf of the concordat signcd with the Vatican in 1851. It was said the government here did nol intend to appoint a successor to Luis Zulueta, designated as Ambassa- dor to the Vatican City, but reported s persona non grata there under the present circumstances. He probably will remain in Madrid with the title cf Ambassador to the Vatican. Envoy Outcome Waits. President Alcala Zamora said tonight the government’s next move in the problem created by the refusal of the Vatican to accept Luis De Zulueta as Spanish Ambassador will await the re- turn of Foreign Minister Lerroux from Geneva It was learned the President had a private conference today with De Zu- (Cohtinued on Page 4, Column 1.) P.0.EMPLOYESHELD WILLING 0 FOREGO - INCREASE IN' PAY Officials Reveal Attitude in Conference With Hoover at Rapidan Camp. | By the Associated Press ORANGE, Va., May 23 —Preliminary | conferences at President Hoover's Rap- idan camp, between the Chief Execu- \[lh‘e and the heads of the Post Office Department, revealéed today that many representative employes had indicated | their willingness to forego pay increases |for the time being. | The meeting between Mr. Hoover, | Postmaster General Brown and the four | Assistant Postmasters General conti |ued throughout the afternoon, and was ;acheduled to go into the night. | The afternoon session, it was said at { strike. But as matters are shaping up | religlous cituation became more unset- |the camp, was devoted to consideration ( of methods of reducing expenditures below congressional appropriations. The results of last year's drive to re- duce postal expenditures were reviewed. Review Activities. The discussion also included a re- lew of the activities in each division of the department preliminary to to- | night's conference as well as several| more to be held in Washington during the week. The President and the Postmaster General saw great difficulty ahead in reducing expenses without discharging employes. | The employes, who have indica‘ed to the Postmaster General that they would |be willing’ to defer salary increases | coming to them automatically through | the operation of civil service laws, said they felt in doing so they were per- forming a real and patriotic service. | Plan No Reductions in Force. No reductions in pay plated, it was said. nor are any reduc- tions in the number of employes under consideration except through death, resignations or changes. Tonight's conference was devoted to a complete analysis of the activities of the airmail and the ocean mail divi- | sions. Assistant Posimaster General Glover discussed some of the activities in the airmail service with the Presi- | dent on the trip up to the camp from | Washington this morning. Bgfore conferring with postal officials today the President delivered the first radio address he has ever made from (Continued on Pege 8, Column 8.) Quakes Shake Brazilian Town. RIO DE JANEIRO, May 23 (#). Earth tremors shook Caracao de Juesus, in the Siate oi Minas Geraes, ioda dispatches from Montes Carlos Ty ported. No damage was mentioned. 'U. S. EXPERT HOLDS DROUGHT ‘ WILL FAIL USUAL REPETITION| ‘Obscrvalions Lack .Indication of 1931 Dry Spell as' Rains Replenish Soil Moisture, He Says. By the Associated Press. J. B. Kincer, who from his desk in the Weather Bureau for years has traced the Nation's rainfall on intricate maps, yesterday scanned the well- thumbed charts and made this observa- | tion: “There 1s no indication now of a repetition of last year's drought.” Substantial amounts of rain through- out most of the country, with the ex« | ception of the Northwest, encouraged him in this forecast in the face of a recognized tendency for one dry year to follow another, ‘The peak of the recent unprecedented | dryness was reached last January, the driest month on record. February showed a distinct improvement March was even better. April, however, fell out of line, especially in the interior, far ahead of April a year ago. The Weather Bureau has studied the Spring wheat belt dryness from several | angles, but has reached no satisfactory solution as to why, with other sections the Timid Soul; Reg'lar Fellers; Lit- | receiving frequent rains, it should con- | ington tinue arid. In April South Dakota had 37 per and | | cent of normal rainfall against 100 last | against 91: | year: North Dakota, 31, Montana, 41, against 121; Nebraska, 54, against 150; Idaho, 63, against 114. Kincer said that while some damage already has been done to the Spring wheat crop, if good rains come in June the situation would be saved. Frem the East through the South heavy downpours have given an ade- quate supply, stored up sub-soil mois- ture and replenished in some cases deep wells dried out last Summer. New York. Ohio, West Virginia, Ken- tucky, South’ Carolina, Florida, Arizona and New Mexico last month had more than 100 per cent of normal rainfall. Recent rains have relieved the situa- tion in the Lower Mississippi Ohio Valleys, in the Southwest and | Lower Great Lake: More is needed, | however, to restore (he water from the deep soil which was depleted by the | burning sun of last year.: ‘Washington, Oregon, California and | but, generally zpeaking, that month was | Idaho have experienced severe dryness for three years. Some rain recently ‘hfls helped, but more s necded to make up for defic] ok April California | had 63 cent ol against 9% in 1930. Oreg>) | Te better off, the fol 97 agailist 67 and the lalter | against @1, gnal rainfall d Wash- ger wit! yith 95 are contem- | TAX REVISION VITAL MELLON DECLARES S DEFIT ROWS IHits Present Income Levies and Advises Against Policy | | | of Continued Loans. SAYS TREASURY WARNED CONGRESS AGAINST CUTS Insists Sinking Fund Must Be Maintained, in Radio Forum Address. Revision of the tax system to pro- | vide a regular flow of revenue was sug- gested last night by Secretary M=llon. In an address in the National Radio | Forum, arranged by The Star and breadcast over a Nation-wide network {of the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Secretary of the Treasury said un- der the present system the income fluctuates with the upward or down- g of business. . “This is due,” he added, “to the fact that we rely for two-thirds of our tax revenue on the income tax, which is subj2ct to sweeping variations.” “The situation in which we find our- | selves at present, with a serious deficit facing us at the end of the year,” Mellon said, “raises the question as to whether we have yet developed a suffi- i ciently well balanced system to provide | the revenues on which the Government {must be able to count from year io Opposes Continued Loans. “The Government of the United ilgt::i can rm;:wl bc;m present Treasury i Qefict rougl rrowing,” Secri { Mellon declared. o “But such a course is only a tempo- rary expedient,” he said. “The strong credit position of our Government,” continued Secretary Mel- lon, “makes it possible to take care of a temporary decrease in the revenues. | But the continuing policy, addressed to ! conditions as they may be expected to |prevail over a considerable period of time, can only be maintenance of the sound principlz of closing each fis\l year with a balanced budget.” _ Becretary Mellon pointed out that | during the last two years the Treasury | Department has faced a variety of prob- {lems with the Government's financial | position changing from one of great ease it one of increasing difficulties. Reve- | nues, particularly those derived from in- 1 come taxes, have abruptly declined, and | at the same time expenditures have in- icreased, he said, owing largely “to | measures undertaken to alleviate the | depression in agriculture and industry. Face Prospect of 1932 Deficit. | “As a result,” said Mr. Mellon, “we | shall close the current fiscal year with !a large deficit. We face the prospect of a deficit again next year, although | we do not yet know just how great that | deficit may be.” The Secretary of the Treasury de- clared that the position in which the Government now finds itself “is not | unfavorable for dealing with the pres- jent emergencies, and that it is due {largely to the fact that since the war, and particularly in the two years since | the present administration began, the | Covernment has overlooked no oppor- | tunity to set its financial house in order, and, in a manner of speaking: to | prepare for the rainy day that was | sure to come.” Secretary Mellon listed as accom- | plishments of the Treasury a sound ! policy of debt retirement and a steady | program of {ax reduction The Government, he said, depends on two sources of revenue: First, inter- | nal revenue taxes, including the income taxes, taxes on tobacco and State taxes, and second, customs duties. The customs duties, he said, are fairly staple | and may be relied on to produce an even flow of revenue. “The individual income tax ever,” said Secretary Mellon, t come so restricted in its application that it has become a class rather than a general tax, with its incidence limited | to a comparatively small number of taxpayers. Out of a total population of 1 120,000,000 there are only 2,500,000 in- | dividuals and about 250000 corpora- | tions who pay an income tax. Further- more, some 380,000 individuals pay about 97 per cent of the total amount received from individual income taxes. Severe Shrinkage Results. “In times like the present, when in- | comes have fallen off. such a system | inevitably results in a severe shrinkage | in’ the Government's revenues. This fluctuation in the revenues is further increased by our treatment of capital gains and losses. Secretary Mellon said that the Treas- ury has been aware for some time of the defects in the tax structure, and { that it had warned Congress three years (Continued on Page 2, Column 3. 'HANGS SELF IN JAIL WITH BELT NOOSE 'Pfiscncr at Ninth Precinct Com- | mits Suicide After Arrest for | Intoxication. | Joseph Aloysius Welsh, 1111 Park ! place northeast, hanged himself last {night in a cell at the ninth precinet jail, where he was held ¢n a charge of intoxication. He used his belt. Police regulations require that pris- oners belts and neckties be taken away during the searching process before be- ing put ‘n cells. Policeman E. R. Shoemaker, who ar- rested the man and who searched him before he was placed in a cell, told In- spector Albert J. Headiey that the top of the man's trousers wer2 rolled down and that he did not notize the belt. An inquest wil: be held Tuesday at 11:30. Welsh was arrested at noon yester- day when Patrolman Shoemaker an- swered a call that a man was lying un- conscious in the alley in rear of 614 E street northeast. . He took Welsh to Casualty Hospital, where several slight wounds about the head were dressed, and then brought him to the station. where he was booked on a charge of intoxication. At 6:20 o'clock he was given a can of water by one of the officers at the station, and at 6:40 o'clock he was dis- covered harging from the top of the cell. Efforts to ravive him were futile Welsh, police learned, was unemployed. \